diff --git a/test/types/populate.test.ts b/test/types/populate.test.ts
index d65d2cb35ad..5c019e3375b 100644
--- a/test/types/populate.test.ts
+++ b/test/types/populate.test.ts
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ async function gh13070() {
   const Parent = model<IParent>('Parent', parentSchema);
   const Child = model<IChild>('Child', childSchema);
 
-  const doc = await Parent.findOne();
+  const doc = await Parent.findOne().orFail();
   const doc2 = await Child.populate<{ child: IChild }>(doc, 'child');
-  const name: string = doc.child.name;
+  const name: string = doc2.child.name;
 }
diff --git a/types/models.d.ts b/types/models.d.ts
index 51d078e1683..5a557d21d36 100644
--- a/types/models.d.ts
+++ b/types/models.d.ts
@@ -299,12 +299,22 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
     modelName: string;
 
     /** Populates document references. */
-    populate(docs: Array<any>, options: PopulateOptions | Array<PopulateOptions> | string,
-      callback?: Callback<(HydratedDocument<T, TMethodsAndOverrides, TVirtuals>)[]>): Promise<Array<HydratedDocument<T, TMethodsAndOverrides, TVirtuals>>>;
-    populate(doc: any, options: PopulateOptions | Array<PopulateOptions> | string,
-      callback?: Callback<HydratedDocument<T, TMethodsAndOverrides, TVirtuals>>): Promise<HydratedDocument<T, TMethodsAndOverrides, TVirtuals>>;
-    populate<Paths={}>(docs: Array<any>, options: PopulateOptions | Array<PopulateOptions> | string): Promise<MergeType<this, Paths>>;
-    populate<Paths={}>(docs: any, options: PopulateOptions | Array<PopulateOptions> | string, callback?: Callback<MergeType<this, Paths>>): void;
+    populate(
+      docs: Array<any>,
+      options: PopulateOptions | Array<PopulateOptions> | string
+    ): Promise<Array<HydratedDocument<T, TMethodsAndOverrides, TVirtuals>>>;
+    populate(
+      doc: any,
+      options: PopulateOptions | Array<PopulateOptions> | string,
+    ): Promise<HydratedDocument<T, TMethodsAndOverrides, TVirtuals>>;
+    populate<Paths>(
+      docs: Array<any>,
+      options: PopulateOptions | Array<PopulateOptions> | string
+    ): Promise<MergeType<HydratedDocument<T, TMethodsAndOverrides, TVirtuals>, Paths>[]>;
+    populate<Paths>(
+      doc: AnyObject,
+      options: PopulateOptions | Array<PopulateOptions> | string
+    ): Promise<MergeType<HydratedDocument<T, TMethodsAndOverrides, TVirtuals>, Paths>>;
 
     /** Casts and validates the given object against this model's schema, passing the given `context` to custom validators. */
     validate(callback?: CallbackWithoutResult): Promise<void>;