diff --git a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/gossip_network.test.ts b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/gossip_network.test.ts
index bd80824e18b..6b8401823a4 100644
--- a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/gossip_network.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/gossip_network.test.ts
@@ -75,7 +75,6 @@ describe('e2e_p2p_network', () => {
     t.logger.info('Creating nodes');
     nodes = await createNodes(
       t.ctx.aztecNodeConfig,
-      t.peerIdPrivateKeys,
       t.bootstrapNodeEnr,
       NUM_NODES,
       BOOT_NODE_UDP_PORT,
diff --git a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/p2p_network.ts b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/p2p_network.ts
index 95d263156e6..3289add932a 100644
--- a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/p2p_network.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/p2p_network.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ import {
   PRIVATE_KEYS_START_INDEX,
   createValidatorConfig,
   generateNodePrivateKeys,
-  generatePeerIdPrivateKeys,
 } from '../fixtures/setup_p2p_test.js';
 import {
   type ISnapshotManager,
@@ -66,7 +65,6 @@ export class P2PNetworkTest {
     this.baseAccount = privateKeyToAccount(`0x${getPrivateKeyFromIndex(0)!.toString('hex')}`);
     this.nodePrivateKeys = generateNodePrivateKeys(PRIVATE_KEYS_START_INDEX, numberOfNodes);
     this.nodePublicKeys = this.nodePrivateKeys.map(privateKey => privateKeyToAccount(privateKey).address);
-    this.peerIdPrivateKeys = generatePeerIdPrivateKeys(numberOfNodes);
 
     this.bootstrapNodeEnr = bootstrapNode.getENR().encodeTxt();
 
diff --git a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/rediscovery.test.ts b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/rediscovery.test.ts
index 9d3b5b4c3a2..81d069b65c7 100644
--- a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/rediscovery.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/rediscovery.test.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ describe('e2e_p2p_rediscovery', () => {
     const contexts: NodeContext[] = [];
     nodes = await createNodes(
       t.ctx.aztecNodeConfig,
-      t.peerIdPrivateKeys,
       t.bootstrapNodeEnr,
       NUM_NODES,
       BOOT_NODE_UDP_PORT,
@@ -73,7 +72,6 @@ describe('e2e_p2p_rediscovery', () => {
 
       const newNode = await createNode(
         t.ctx.aztecNodeConfig,
-        t.peerIdPrivateKeys[i],
         i + 1 + BOOT_NODE_UDP_PORT,
         undefined,
         i,
diff --git a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/reex.test.ts b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/reex.test.ts
index fcb1700fc83..10b12d4da59 100644
--- a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/reex.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/reex.test.ts
@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@ describe('e2e_p2p_reex', () => {
 
     nodes = await createNodes(
       t.ctx.aztecNodeConfig,
-      t.peerIdPrivateKeys,
       t.bootstrapNodeEnr,
       NUM_NODES,
       BOOT_NODE_UDP_PORT,
diff --git a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/reqresp.test.ts b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/reqresp.test.ts
index cba52f3d477..c7644b77f3d 100644
--- a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/reqresp.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/reqresp.test.ts
@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@ describe('e2e_p2p_reqresp_tx', () => {
     t.logger.info('Creating nodes');
     nodes = await createNodes(
       t.ctx.aztecNodeConfig,
-      t.peerIdPrivateKeys,
       t.bootstrapNodeEnr,
       NUM_NODES,
       BOOT_NODE_UDP_PORT,
diff --git a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/upgrade_governance_proposer.test.ts b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/upgrade_governance_proposer.test.ts
index 0645911102e..f7ef6b05195 100644
--- a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/upgrade_governance_proposer.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_p2p/upgrade_governance_proposer.test.ts
@@ -130,7 +130,6 @@ describe('e2e_p2p_governance_proposer', () => {
     t.logger.info('Creating nodes');
     nodes = await createNodes(
       { ...t.ctx.aztecNodeConfig, governanceProposerPayload: newPayloadAddress },
-      t.peerIdPrivateKeys,
       t.bootstrapNodeEnr,
       NUM_NODES,
       BOOT_NODE_UDP_PORT,
diff --git a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/fixtures/setup_p2p_test.ts b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/fixtures/setup_p2p_test.ts
index 7dac778d50f..f8d4fdacaaa 100644
--- a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/fixtures/setup_p2p_test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/fixtures/setup_p2p_test.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import { type AztecAddress } from '@aztec/circuits.js';
 import { type PXEService } from '@aztec/pxe';
 
 import getPort from 'get-port';
-import { generatePrivateKey } from 'viem/accounts';
 
 import { getPrivateKeyFromIndex } from './utils.js';
 import { getEndToEndTestTelemetryClient } from './with_telemetry_utils.js';
@@ -32,22 +31,8 @@ export function generateNodePrivateKeys(startIndex: number, numberOfNodes: numbe
   return nodePrivateKeys;
 }
 
-export function generatePeerIdPrivateKey(): string {
-  // magic number is multiaddr prefix: https://multiformats.io/multiaddr/ for secp256k1
-  return '08021220' + generatePrivateKey().substr(2, 66);
-}
-
-export function generatePeerIdPrivateKeys(numberOfPeers: number): string[] {
-  const peerIdPrivateKeys = [];
-  for (let i = 0; i < numberOfPeers; i++) {
-    peerIdPrivateKeys.push(generatePeerIdPrivateKey());
-  }
-  return peerIdPrivateKeys;
-}
-
 export function createNodes(
   config: AztecNodeConfig,
-  peerIdPrivateKeys: string[],
   bootstrapNodeEnr: string,
   numNodes: number,
   bootNodePort: number,
@@ -60,15 +45,7 @@ export function createNodes(
     const port = bootNodePort + i + 1;
 
     const dataDir = dataDirectory ? `${dataDirectory}-${i}` : undefined;
-    const nodePromise = createNode(
-      config,
-      peerIdPrivateKeys[i],
-      port,
-      bootstrapNodeEnr,
-      i + PRIVATE_KEYS_START_INDEX,
-      dataDir,
-      metricsPort,
-    );
+    const nodePromise = createNode(config, port, bootstrapNodeEnr, i + PRIVATE_KEYS_START_INDEX, dataDir, metricsPort);
     nodePromises.push(nodePromise);
   }
   return Promise.all(nodePromises);
@@ -77,7 +54,6 @@ export function createNodes(
 // creates a P2P enabled instance of Aztec Node Service
 export async function createNode(
   config: AztecNodeConfig,
-  peerIdPrivateKey: string,
   tcpPort: number,
   bootstrapNode: string | undefined,
   publisherAddressIndex: number,
@@ -88,7 +64,6 @@ export async function createNode(
     config,
     bootstrapNode,
     tcpPort,
-    peerIdPrivateKey,
     publisherAddressIndex,
     dataDirectory,
   );
@@ -105,11 +80,9 @@ export async function createValidatorConfig(
   config: AztecNodeConfig,
   bootstrapNodeEnr?: string,
   port?: number,
-  peerIdPrivateKey?: string,
   accountIndex: number = 1,
   dataDirectory?: string,
 ) {
-  peerIdPrivateKey = peerIdPrivateKey ?? generatePeerIdPrivateKey();
   port = port ?? (await getPort());
 
   const privateKey = getPrivateKeyFromIndex(accountIndex);
@@ -120,7 +93,6 @@ export async function createValidatorConfig(
 
   const nodeConfig: AztecNodeConfig = {
     ...config,
-    peerIdPrivateKey: peerIdPrivateKey,
     udpListenAddress: `0.0.0.0:${port}`,
     tcpListenAddress: `0.0.0.0:${port}`,
     tcpAnnounceAddress: `127.0.0.1:${port}`,
diff --git a/yarn-project/kv-store/src/config.ts b/yarn-project/kv-store/src/config.ts
index 0292bd0b487..f1f9ed44de6 100644
--- a/yarn-project/kv-store/src/config.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/kv-store/src/config.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { type EthAddress } from '@aztec/foundation/eth-address';
 export type DataStoreConfig = {
   dataDirectory: string | undefined;
   dataStoreMapSizeKB: number;
-  l1Contracts: { rollupAddress: EthAddress };
+  l1Contracts?: { rollupAddress: EthAddress };
 };
 
 export const dataConfigMappings: ConfigMappingsType<DataStoreConfig> = {
diff --git a/yarn-project/kv-store/src/utils.ts b/yarn-project/kv-store/src/utils.ts
index 0344e2be200..25b651d0922 100644
--- a/yarn-project/kv-store/src/utils.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/kv-store/src/utils.ts
@@ -18,11 +18,12 @@ export function createStore(name: string, config: DataStoreConfig, log: Logger =
       ? `Creating ${name} data store at directory ${dataDirectory} with map size ${config.dataStoreMapSizeKB} KB`
       : `Creating ${name} ephemeral data store with map size ${config.dataStoreMapSizeKB} KB`,
   );
-  return initStoreForRollup(
-    AztecLmdbStore.open(dataDirectory, config.dataStoreMapSizeKB, false),
-    config.l1Contracts.rollupAddress,
-    log,
-  );
+
+  const store = AztecLmdbStore.open(dataDirectory, config.dataStoreMapSizeKB, false);
+  if (config.l1Contracts?.rollupAddress) {
+    return initStoreForRollup(store, config.l1Contracts.rollupAddress, log);
+  }
+  return store;
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p-bootstrap/package.json b/yarn-project/p2p-bootstrap/package.json
index 8c6280c74fe..193f46768f3 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p-bootstrap/package.json
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p-bootstrap/package.json
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
   ],
   "dependencies": {
     "@aztec/foundation": "workspace:^",
+    "@aztec/kv-store": "workspace:^",
     "@aztec/p2p": "workspace:^",
     "@aztec/telemetry-client": "workspace:^",
     "dotenv": "^16.0.3",
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p-bootstrap/src/index.ts b/yarn-project/p2p-bootstrap/src/index.ts
index 2704f519de3..37328151890 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p-bootstrap/src/index.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p-bootstrap/src/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { createDebugLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { createStore } from '@aztec/kv-store/utils';
 import { type BootnodeConfig, BootstrapNode } from '@aztec/p2p';
 import { type TelemetryClient } from '@aztec/telemetry-client';
 import { NoopTelemetryClient } from '@aztec/telemetry-client/noop';
@@ -18,7 +19,9 @@ async function main(
   telemetryClient: TelemetryClient = new NoopTelemetryClient(),
   logger = debugLogger,
 ) {
-  const bootstrapNode = new BootstrapNode(telemetryClient, logger);
+  const store = await createStore('p2p-bootstrap', config, logger);
+
+  const bootstrapNode = new BootstrapNode(store, telemetryClient, logger);
   await bootstrapNode.start(config);
   logger.info('DiscV5 Bootnode started');
 
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p-bootstrap/tsconfig.json b/yarn-project/p2p-bootstrap/tsconfig.json
index ac997674d5c..c7155011fbf 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p-bootstrap/tsconfig.json
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p-bootstrap/tsconfig.json
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@
     {
       "path": "../foundation"
     },
+    {
+      "path": "../kv-store"
+    },
     {
       "path": "../p2p"
     },
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/package.json b/yarn-project/p2p/package.json
index ba5f7fd21a4..a458dcc94a5 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/package.json
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/package.json
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
     "@chainsafe/libp2p-noise": "^15.0.0",
     "@chainsafe/libp2p-yamux": "^6.0.2",
     "@libp2p/bootstrap": "10.0.0",
-    "@libp2p/crypto": "4.0.3",
+    "@libp2p/crypto": "^4.1.1",
     "@libp2p/identify": "1.0.18",
     "@libp2p/interface": "1.3.1",
     "@libp2p/kad-dht": "10.0.4",
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/bootstrap/bootstrap.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/bootstrap/bootstrap.ts
index c9587195bdf..fd562fd121f 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/bootstrap/bootstrap.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/bootstrap/bootstrap.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { createDebugLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
+import { type AztecKVStore } from '@aztec/kv-store';
 import { OtelMetricsAdapter, type TelemetryClient } from '@aztec/telemetry-client';
 
 import { Discv5, type Discv5EventEmitter } from '@chainsafe/discv5';
@@ -8,8 +9,7 @@ import { type Multiaddr, multiaddr } from '@multiformats/multiaddr';
 
 import type { BootnodeConfig } from '../config.js';
 import { AZTEC_ENR_KEY, AZTEC_NET } from '../service/discV5_service.js';
-import { createLibP2PPeerId } from '../service/index.js';
-import { convertToMultiaddr } from '../util.js';
+import { convertToMultiaddr, createLibP2PPeerIdFromPrivateKey, getPeerIdPrivateKey } from '../util.js';
 
 /**
  * Encapsulates a 'Bootstrap' node, used for the purpose of assisting new joiners in acquiring peers.
@@ -18,7 +18,11 @@ export class BootstrapNode {
   private node?: Discv5 = undefined;
   private peerId?: PeerId;
 
-  constructor(private telemetry: TelemetryClient, private logger = createDebugLogger('aztec:p2p_bootstrap')) {}
+  constructor(
+    private store: AztecKVStore,
+    private telemetry: TelemetryClient,
+    private logger = createDebugLogger('aztec:p2p_bootstrap'),
+  ) {}
 
   /**
    * Starts the bootstrap node.
@@ -26,8 +30,10 @@ export class BootstrapNode {
    * @returns An empty promise.
    */
   public async start(config: BootnodeConfig) {
-    const { peerIdPrivateKey, udpListenAddress, udpAnnounceAddress } = config;
-    const peerId = await createLibP2PPeerId(peerIdPrivateKey);
+    const { udpListenAddress, udpAnnounceAddress } = config;
+
+    const peerIdPrivateKey = await getPeerIdPrivateKey(config, this.store);
+    const peerId = await createLibP2PPeerIdFromPrivateKey(peerIdPrivateKey);
     this.peerId = peerId;
     const enr = SignableENR.createFromPeerId(peerId);
 
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/index.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/index.ts
index 1c0dd17bb2d..05056a3c54a 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/index.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/index.ts
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ import { type MemPools } from '../mem_pools/interface.js';
 import { AztecKVTxPool, type TxPool } from '../mem_pools/tx_pool/index.js';
 import { DiscV5Service } from '../service/discV5_service.js';
 import { DummyP2PService } from '../service/dummy_service.js';
-import { LibP2PService, createLibP2PPeerId } from '../service/index.js';
-import { configureP2PClientAddresses } from '../util.js';
+import { LibP2PService } from '../service/index.js';
+import { configureP2PClientAddresses, createLibP2PPeerIdFromPrivateKey, getPeerIdPrivateKey } from '../util.js';
 
 export * from './p2p_client.js';
 
@@ -49,7 +49,8 @@ export const createP2PClient = async (
     config = await configureP2PClientAddresses(_config);
 
     // Create peer discovery service
-    const peerId = await createLibP2PPeerId(config.peerIdPrivateKey);
+    const peerIdPrivateKey = await getPeerIdPrivateKey(config, store);
+    const peerId = await createLibP2PPeerIdFromPrivateKey(peerIdPrivateKey);
     const discoveryService = new DiscV5Service(peerId, config, telemetry);
 
     p2pService = await LibP2PService.new(
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/config.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/config.ts
index 7cff1711b48..a08e4d812d7 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/config.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/config.ts
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import {
   numberConfigHelper,
   pickConfigMappings,
 } from '@aztec/foundation/config';
+import { type DataStoreConfig, dataConfigMappings } from '@aztec/kv-store/config';
 
 import { type P2PReqRespConfig, p2pReqRespConfigMappings } from './service/reqresp/config.js';
 
@@ -318,7 +319,8 @@ export type BootnodeConfig = Pick<
   P2PConfig,
   'udpAnnounceAddress' | 'peerIdPrivateKey' | 'minPeerCount' | 'maxPeerCount'
 > &
-  Required<Pick<P2PConfig, 'udpListenAddress'>>;
+  Required<Pick<P2PConfig, 'udpListenAddress'>> &
+  Pick<DataStoreConfig, 'dataDirectory' | 'dataStoreMapSizeKB'>;
 
 const bootnodeConfigKeys: (keyof BootnodeConfig)[] = [
   'udpAnnounceAddress',
@@ -326,6 +328,11 @@ const bootnodeConfigKeys: (keyof BootnodeConfig)[] = [
   'minPeerCount',
   'maxPeerCount',
   'udpListenAddress',
+  'dataDirectory',
+  'dataStoreMapSizeKB',
 ];
 
-export const bootnodeConfigMappings = pickConfigMappings(p2pConfigMappings, bootnodeConfigKeys);
+export const bootnodeConfigMappings = pickConfigMappings(
+  { ...p2pConfigMappings, ...dataConfigMappings },
+  bootnodeConfigKeys,
+);
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mocks/index.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mocks/index.ts
index 8703ba3286b..f0fc6cd2ecf 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mocks/index.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mocks/index.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
   type WorldStateSynchronizer,
 } from '@aztec/circuit-types';
 import { type DataStoreConfig } from '@aztec/kv-store/config';
+import { openTmpStore } from '@aztec/kv-store/utils';
 import { type TelemetryClient } from '@aztec/telemetry-client';
 import { NoopTelemetryClient } from '@aztec/telemetry-client/noop';
 
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ import { yamux } from '@chainsafe/libp2p-yamux';
 import { bootstrap } from '@libp2p/bootstrap';
 import { identify } from '@libp2p/identify';
 import { type PeerId } from '@libp2p/interface';
+import { createSecp256k1PeerId } from '@libp2p/peer-id-factory';
 import { tcp } from '@libp2p/tcp';
 import getPort from 'get-port';
 import { type Libp2p, type Libp2pOptions, createLibp2p } from 'libp2p';
@@ -22,7 +24,7 @@ import { BootstrapNode } from '../bootstrap/bootstrap.js';
 import { type BootnodeConfig, type P2PConfig } from '../config.js';
 import { type MemPools } from '../mem_pools/interface.js';
 import { DiscV5Service } from '../service/discV5_service.js';
-import { LibP2PService, createLibP2PPeerId } from '../service/libp2p_service.js';
+import { LibP2PService } from '../service/libp2p_service.js';
 import { type PeerManager } from '../service/peer_manager.js';
 import { type P2PReqRespConfig } from '../service/reqresp/config.js';
 import { pingHandler, statusHandler } from '../service/reqresp/handlers.js';
@@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ export async function createTestLibP2PService(
   port: number = 0,
   peerId?: PeerId,
 ) {
-  peerId = peerId ?? (await createLibP2PPeerId());
+  peerId = peerId ?? (await createSecp256k1PeerId());
   const config = {
     tcpAnnounceAddress: `127.0.0.1:${port}`,
     udpAnnounceAddress: `127.0.0.1:${port}`,
@@ -231,6 +233,8 @@ export function createBootstrapNodeConfig(privateKey: string, port: number): Boo
     peerIdPrivateKey: privateKey,
     minPeerCount: 10,
     maxPeerCount: 100,
+    dataDirectory: undefined,
+    dataStoreMapSizeKB: 0,
   };
 }
 
@@ -247,14 +251,16 @@ export async function createBootstrapNode(
   port: number,
   telemetry: TelemetryClient = new NoopTelemetryClient(),
 ): Promise<BootstrapNode> {
-  const peerId = await createLibP2PPeerId();
+  const peerId = await createSecp256k1PeerId();
   const config = createBootstrapNodeConfig(Buffer.from(peerId.privateKey!).toString('hex'), port);
 
   return startBootstrapNode(config, telemetry);
 }
 
 async function startBootstrapNode(config: BootnodeConfig, telemetry: TelemetryClient) {
-  const bootstrapNode = new BootstrapNode(telemetry);
+  // Open an ephemeral store that will only exist in memory
+  const store = openTmpStore(true);
+  const bootstrapNode = new BootstrapNode(store, telemetry);
   await bootstrapNode.start(config);
   return bootstrapNode;
 }
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/discv5_service.test.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/discv5_service.test.ts
index 75ae683676f..42f207ada15 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/discv5_service.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/discv5_service.test.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
 import { sleep } from '@aztec/foundation/sleep';
+import { type AztecKVStore } from '@aztec/kv-store';
+import { openTmpStore } from '@aztec/kv-store/utils';
 import { NoopTelemetryClient } from '@aztec/telemetry-client/noop';
 
 import { jest } from '@jest/globals';
 import type { PeerId } from '@libp2p/interface';
+import { createSecp256k1PeerId } from '@libp2p/peer-id-factory';
 
 import { BootstrapNode } from '../bootstrap/bootstrap.js';
-import { type P2PConfig, getP2PDefaultConfig } from '../config.js';
+import { type BootnodeConfig, type P2PConfig, getP2PDefaultConfig } from '../config.js';
 import { DiscV5Service } from './discV5_service.js';
-import { createLibP2PPeerId } from './libp2p_service.js';
 import { PeerDiscoveryState } from './service.js';
 
 const waitForPeers = (node: DiscV5Service, expectedCount: number): Promise<void> => {
@@ -29,28 +31,30 @@ const waitForPeers = (node: DiscV5Service, expectedCount: number): Promise<void>
 describe('Discv5Service', () => {
   jest.setTimeout(10_000);
 
+  let store: AztecKVStore;
   let bootNode: BootstrapNode;
   let bootNodePeerId: PeerId;
   let basePort = 7890;
-  const baseConfig = {
-    tcpAnnounceAddress: `127.0.0.1:${basePort}`,
+  const baseConfig: BootnodeConfig = {
     udpAnnounceAddress: `127.0.0.1:${basePort + 100}`,
-    tcpListenAddress: `0.0.0.0:${basePort}`,
     udpListenAddress: `0.0.0.0:${basePort + 100}`,
     minPeerCount: 1,
     maxPeerCount: 100,
-    queryForIp: false,
+    dataDirectory: undefined,
+    dataStoreMapSizeKB: 0,
   };
 
   beforeEach(async () => {
     const telemetryClient = new NoopTelemetryClient();
-    bootNode = new BootstrapNode(telemetryClient);
+    store = openTmpStore(true);
+    bootNode = new BootstrapNode(store, telemetryClient);
     await bootNode.start(baseConfig);
     bootNodePeerId = bootNode.getPeerId();
   });
 
   afterEach(async () => {
     await bootNode.stop();
+    await store.clear();
   });
 
   it('should initialize with default values', async () => {
@@ -123,7 +127,7 @@ describe('Discv5Service', () => {
 
   const createNode = async (port: number) => {
     const bootnodeAddr = bootNode.getENR().encodeTxt();
-    const peerId = await createLibP2PPeerId();
+    const peerId = await createSecp256k1PeerId();
     const config: P2PConfig = {
       ...getP2PDefaultConfig(),
       ...baseConfig,
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/libp2p_service.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/libp2p_service.ts
index dd1a800e9a8..18d2d180a4a 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/libp2p_service.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/libp2p_service.ts
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ import { identify } from '@libp2p/identify';
 import type { PeerId } from '@libp2p/interface';
 import '@libp2p/kad-dht';
 import { mplex } from '@libp2p/mplex';
-import { createFromJSON, createSecp256k1PeerId } from '@libp2p/peer-id-factory';
 import { tcp } from '@libp2p/tcp';
 import { createLibp2p } from 'libp2p';
 
@@ -60,22 +59,6 @@ import {
 import { ReqResp } from './reqresp/reqresp.js';
 import type { P2PService, PeerDiscoveryService } from './service.js';
 
-/**
- * Create a libp2p peer ID from the private key if provided, otherwise creates a new random ID.
- * @param privateKey - Optional peer ID private key as hex string
- * @returns The peer ID.
- */
-export async function createLibP2PPeerId(privateKey?: string): Promise<PeerId> {
-  if (!privateKey?.length) {
-    return await createSecp256k1PeerId();
-  }
-  const base64 = Buffer.from(privateKey, 'hex').toString('base64');
-  return await createFromJSON({
-    id: '',
-    privKey: base64,
-  });
-}
-
 /**
  * Lib P2P implementation of the P2PService interface.
  */
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/reqresp/reqresp.integration.test.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/reqresp/reqresp.integration.test.ts
index 3e28c031a0d..1a0e1389195 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/reqresp/reqresp.integration.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/reqresp/reqresp.integration.test.ts
@@ -20,9 +20,8 @@ import { type AttestationPool } from '../../mem_pools/attestation_pool/attestati
 import { type EpochProofQuotePool } from '../../mem_pools/epoch_proof_quote_pool/epoch_proof_quote_pool.js';
 import { type TxPool } from '../../mem_pools/tx_pool/index.js';
 import { AlwaysFalseCircuitVerifier, AlwaysTrueCircuitVerifier } from '../../mocks/index.js';
-import { convertToMultiaddr } from '../../util.js';
+import { convertToMultiaddr, createLibP2PPeerIdFromPrivateKey } from '../../util.js';
 import { AZTEC_ENR_KEY, AZTEC_NET } from '../discV5_service.js';
-import { createLibP2PPeerId } from '../index.js';
 import { PeerErrorSeverity } from '../peer_scoring.js';
 
 /**
@@ -98,7 +97,7 @@ describe('Req Resp p2p client integration', () => {
 
     const peerEnrs = await Promise.all(
       peerIdPrivateKeys.map(async (pk, i) => {
-        const peerId = await createLibP2PPeerId(pk);
+        const peerId = await createLibP2PPeerIdFromPrivateKey(pk);
         const enr = SignableENR.createFromPeerId(peerId);
 
         const udpAnnounceAddress = `127.0.0.1:${ports[i]}`;
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/util.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/util.ts
index 38654557483..6d3464bc583 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/util.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/util.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
+import { type AztecKVStore, type AztecSingleton } from '@aztec/kv-store';
 import { type DataStoreConfig } from '@aztec/kv-store/config';
 
 import type { GossipSub } from '@chainsafe/libp2p-gossipsub';
+import { generateKeyPair, marshalPrivateKey, unmarshalPrivateKey } from '@libp2p/crypto/keys';
+import { type PeerId, type PrivateKey } from '@libp2p/interface';
+import { createFromPrivKey } from '@libp2p/peer-id-factory';
 import { resolve } from 'dns/promises';
 import type { Libp2p } from 'libp2p';
 
@@ -19,8 +23,7 @@ export interface PubSubLibp2p extends Libp2p {
  * const udpAddr = '[2001:db8::1]:8080' -> /ip6/2001:db8::1/udp/8080
  * @param address - The address string to convert. Has to be in the format <addr>:<port>.
  * @param protocol - The protocol to use in the multiaddr string.
- * @returns A multiaddr compliant string.
- */
+ * @returns A multiaddr compliant string.  */
 export function convertToMultiaddr(address: string, protocol: 'tcp' | 'udp'): string {
   const [addr, port] = splitAddressPort(address, false);
 
@@ -141,3 +144,46 @@ export async function configureP2PClientAddresses(
 
   return config;
 }
+
+/**
+ * Get the peer id private key
+ *
+ * 1. Check if we have a peer id private key in the config
+ * 2. If not, check we have a peer id private key persisted in the node
+ * 3. If not, create a new one, then persist it in the node
+ *
+ */
+export async function getPeerIdPrivateKey(config: { peerIdPrivateKey?: string }, store: AztecKVStore): Promise<string> {
+  const peerIdPrivateKeySingleton: AztecSingleton<string> = store.openSingleton('peerIdPrivateKey');
+  if (config.peerIdPrivateKey) {
+    await peerIdPrivateKeySingleton.set(config.peerIdPrivateKey);
+    return config.peerIdPrivateKey;
+  }
+
+  const storedPeerIdPrivateKey = peerIdPrivateKeySingleton.get();
+  if (storedPeerIdPrivateKey) {
+    return storedPeerIdPrivateKey;
+  }
+
+  const newPeerIdPrivateKey = await generateKeyPair('secp256k1');
+  const privateKeyString = Buffer.from(marshalPrivateKey(newPeerIdPrivateKey)).toString('hex');
+
+  await peerIdPrivateKeySingleton.set(privateKeyString);
+  return privateKeyString;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create a libp2p peer ID from the private key.
+ * @param privateKey - peer ID private key as hex string
+ * @returns The peer ID.
+ */
+export async function createLibP2PPeerIdFromPrivateKey(privateKey: string): Promise<PeerId> {
+  if (!privateKey?.length) {
+    throw new Error('No peer private key provided');
+  }
+
+  const asLibp2pPrivateKey: PrivateKey<'secp256k1'> = await unmarshalPrivateKey(
+    new Uint8Array(Buffer.from(privateKey, 'hex')),
+  );
+  return await createFromPrivKey(asLibp2pPrivateKey);
+}
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/utils.test.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/utils.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dc00b340060
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/utils.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import { type AztecKVStore } from '@aztec/kv-store';
+import { openTmpStore } from '@aztec/kv-store/utils';
+
+import { generateKeyPair, marshalPrivateKey } from '@libp2p/crypto/keys';
+import { createSecp256k1PeerId } from '@libp2p/peer-id-factory';
+
+import { type P2PConfig } from './config.js';
+import { createLibP2PPeerIdFromPrivateKey, getPeerIdPrivateKey } from './util.js';
+
+describe('p2p utils', () => {
+  // Test that peer id private key is persisted within the node store
+  describe('getPeerIdPrivateKey', () => {
+    it('Can create a recovered libp2p peer id from a private key', async () => {
+      const peerId = await createSecp256k1PeerId();
+      const privKey = peerId.privateKey!;
+      const privateKeyString = Buffer.from(privKey).toString('hex');
+
+      const reconstructedPeerId = await createLibP2PPeerIdFromPrivateKey(privateKeyString);
+      expect(reconstructedPeerId.publicKey).toEqual(peerId.publicKey);
+    });
+
+    const readFromSingleton = async (store: AztecKVStore) => {
+      const peerIdPrivateKeySingleton = store.openSingleton('peerIdPrivateKey');
+      return await peerIdPrivateKeySingleton.get();
+    };
+
+    it('If nothing is provided, it should create a new peer id private key, and persist it', async () => {
+      const store = openTmpStore();
+
+      const config = {} as P2PConfig;
+      const peerIdPrivateKey = await getPeerIdPrivateKey(config, store);
+
+      expect(peerIdPrivateKey).toBeDefined();
+
+      const storedPeerIdPrivateKey = await readFromSingleton(store);
+      expect(storedPeerIdPrivateKey).toBe(peerIdPrivateKey);
+
+      // When we try again, it should read the value from the store, not generate a new one
+      const peerIdPrivateKey2 = await getPeerIdPrivateKey(config, store);
+      expect(peerIdPrivateKey2).toBe(peerIdPrivateKey);
+
+      // Can recover a peer id from the private key
+      const peerId = await createLibP2PPeerIdFromPrivateKey(peerIdPrivateKey);
+      expect(peerId).toBeDefined();
+    });
+
+    it('If a value is provided in the config, it should use and persist that value', async () => {
+      const store = openTmpStore();
+
+      const newPeerIdPrivateKey = await generateKeyPair('secp256k1');
+      const privateKeyString = Buffer.from(marshalPrivateKey(newPeerIdPrivateKey)).toString('hex');
+      const config = {
+        peerIdPrivateKey: privateKeyString,
+      } as P2PConfig;
+      const peerIdPrivateKey = await getPeerIdPrivateKey(config, store);
+
+      expect(peerIdPrivateKey).toBe(privateKeyString);
+
+      const storedPeerIdPrivateKey = await readFromSingleton(store);
+      expect(storedPeerIdPrivateKey).toBe(privateKeyString);
+
+      // Now when given an empty config, it should read the value from the store
+      const peerIdPrivateKey2 = await getPeerIdPrivateKey({} as P2PConfig, store);
+      expect(peerIdPrivateKey2).toBe(privateKeyString);
+
+      // Can recover a peer id from the private key
+      const peerId = await createLibP2PPeerIdFromPrivateKey(peerIdPrivateKey2);
+      expect(peerId).toBeDefined();
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/yarn-project/world-state/src/synchronizer/factory.ts b/yarn-project/world-state/src/synchronizer/factory.ts
index 3aff058e66e..10f174e2d9a 100644
--- a/yarn-project/world-state/src/synchronizer/factory.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/world-state/src/synchronizer/factory.ts
@@ -27,6 +27,12 @@ export async function createWorldState(
     dataDirectory: config.worldStateDataDirectory ?? config.dataDirectory,
     dataStoreMapSizeKB: config.worldStateDbMapSizeKb ?? config.dataStoreMapSizeKB,
   } as DataStoreConfig;
+
+  if (!config.l1Contracts?.rollupAddress) {
+    throw new Error('Rollup address is required to create a world state synchronizer.');
+  }
+
+  // If a data directory is provided in config, then create a persistent store.
   const merkleTrees = ['true', '1'].includes(process.env.USE_LEGACY_WORLD_STATE ?? '')
     ? await MerkleTrees.new(
         await createStore('world-state', newConfig, createDebugLogger('aztec:world-state:lmdb')),
diff --git a/yarn-project/yarn.lock b/yarn-project/yarn.lock
index c2fe02e90d3..c53310ab30d 100644
--- a/yarn-project/yarn.lock
+++ b/yarn-project/yarn.lock
@@ -860,6 +860,7 @@ __metadata:
   resolution: "@aztec/p2p-bootstrap@workspace:p2p-bootstrap"
   dependencies:
     "@aztec/foundation": "workspace:^"
+    "@aztec/kv-store": "workspace:^"
     "@aztec/p2p": "workspace:^"
     "@aztec/telemetry-client": "workspace:^"
     "@jest/globals": ^29.5.0
@@ -894,7 +895,7 @@ __metadata:
     "@chainsafe/libp2p-yamux": ^6.0.2
     "@jest/globals": ^29.5.0
     "@libp2p/bootstrap": 10.0.0
-    "@libp2p/crypto": 4.0.3
+    "@libp2p/crypto": ^4.1.1
     "@libp2p/identify": 1.0.18
     "@libp2p/interface": 1.3.1
     "@libp2p/kad-dht": 10.0.4
@@ -2747,22 +2748,6 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@libp2p/crypto@npm:4.0.3":
-  version: 4.0.3
-  resolution: "@libp2p/crypto@npm:4.0.3"
-  dependencies:
-    "@libp2p/interface": ^1.1.4
-    "@noble/curves": ^1.3.0
-    "@noble/hashes": ^1.3.3
-    asn1js: ^3.0.5
-    multiformats: ^13.1.0
-    protons-runtime: ^5.4.0
-    uint8arraylist: ^2.4.8
-    uint8arrays: ^5.0.2
-  checksum: 5b73a5018a549e5271e2d559074b74789dc7d4e1e52eb6cbc698a4514b8f4ad0b8c45e894b03a3e05f7f1c0f7a6d77004a2d6b17f39c6023c8fdf3899a3e1ca8
-  languageName: node
-  linkType: hard
-
 "@libp2p/crypto@npm:^2.0.3, @libp2p/crypto@npm:^2.0.8":
   version: 2.0.8
   resolution: "@libp2p/crypto@npm:2.0.8"
@@ -3441,7 +3426,7 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@noble/curves@npm:^1.0.0, @noble/curves@npm:^1.1.0, @noble/curves@npm:^1.2.0, @noble/curves@npm:^1.3.0, @noble/curves@npm:^1.4.0":
+"@noble/curves@npm:^1.0.0, @noble/curves@npm:^1.1.0, @noble/curves@npm:^1.2.0, @noble/curves@npm:^1.4.0":
   version: 1.4.0
   resolution: "@noble/curves@npm:1.4.0"
   dependencies:
@@ -3464,7 +3449,7 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@noble/hashes@npm:1.4.0, @noble/hashes@npm:^1.3.1, @noble/hashes@npm:^1.3.3, @noble/hashes@npm:^1.4.0":
+"@noble/hashes@npm:1.4.0, @noble/hashes@npm:^1.3.1, @noble/hashes@npm:^1.4.0":
   version: 1.4.0
   resolution: "@noble/hashes@npm:1.4.0"
   checksum: 8ba816ae26c90764b8c42493eea383716396096c5f7ba6bea559993194f49d80a73c081f315f4c367e51bd2d5891700bcdfa816b421d24ab45b41cb03e4f3342