diff --git a/eng/tools/typespec-validation/src/rules/linter-ruleset.ts b/eng/tools/typespec-validation/src/rules/linter-ruleset.ts
index 818245000003..c6aee71db104 100644
--- a/eng/tools/typespec-validation/src/rules/linter-ruleset.ts
+++ b/eng/tools/typespec-validation/src/rules/linter-ruleset.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import { readFile } from "fs/promises";
 import { join } from "path";
 import { parse as yamlParse } from "yaml";
 import { Rule } from "../rule.js";
@@ -16,12 +15,11 @@ export class LinterRulesetRule implements Rule {
     let stdOutput = "";
     let errorOutput = "";
 
-    const configFile = join(folder, "tspconfig.yaml");
-    const configText = await readFile(configFile, "utf8");
+    const configText = await host.readTspConfig(folder);
     const config = yamlParse(configText);
 
     const rpFolder =
-      config.options?.["@azure-tools/typespec-autorest"]?.["azure-resource-provider-folder"];
+      config?.options?.["@azure-tools/typespec-autorest"]?.["azure-resource-provider-folder"];
     stdOutput += `azure-resource-provider-folder: ${JSON.stringify(rpFolder)}\n`;
 
     const mainTspExists = await host.checkFileExists(join(folder, "main.tsp"));
@@ -35,7 +33,7 @@ export class LinterRulesetRule implements Rule {
     }
     stdOutput += `files: ${JSON.stringify(files)}\n`;
 
-    const linterExtends = config.linter?.extends;
+    const linterExtends = config?.linter?.extends;
     stdOutput += `linter.extends: ${JSON.stringify(linterExtends)}`;
 
     let requiredRuleset = "";
diff --git a/eng/tools/typespec-validation/test/linter-ruleset.test.ts b/eng/tools/typespec-validation/test/linter-ruleset.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b830b262e8f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eng/tools/typespec-validation/test/linter-ruleset.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+import { describe, it } from "vitest";
+import { join } from "path";
+import { LinterRulesetRule } from "../src/rules/linter-ruleset.js";
+import { TsvTestHost } from "./tsv-test-host.js";
+import { strict as assert } from "node:assert";
+
+describe("linter-ruleset", function () {
+  it("succeeds with default config", async function () {
+    const host = new TsvTestHost();
+    const result = await new LinterRulesetRule().execute(host, TsvTestHost.folder);
+    assert(result.success);
+  });
+
+  it("succeeds with resource-manager/resource-manager", async function () {
+    const host = new TsvTestHost();
+    host.readTspConfig = async (_folder: string) => `
+options:
+  "@azure-tools/typespec-autorest":
+    azure-resource-provider-folder: "resource-manager"
+linter:
+  extends:
+    - "@azure-tools/typespec-azure-rulesets/resource-manager"
+`;
+    const result = await new LinterRulesetRule().execute(host, TsvTestHost.folder);
+    assert(result.success);
+  });
+
+  it("succeeds with data-plane/data-plane", async function () {
+    const host = new TsvTestHost();
+    host.readTspConfig = async (_folder: string) => `
+options:
+  "@azure-tools/typespec-autorest":
+    azure-resource-provider-folder: "data-plane"
+linter:
+  extends:
+    - "@azure-tools/typespec-azure-rulesets/data-plane"
+`;
+    const result = await new LinterRulesetRule().execute(host, TsvTestHost.folder);
+    assert(result.success);
+  });
+
+  it("succeeds with client.tsp/data-plane", async function () {
+    const host = new TsvTestHost();
+    host.checkFileExists = async (file: string) => file === join(TsvTestHost.folder, "client.tsp");
+    host.readTspConfig = async (_folder: string) => `
+linter:
+  extends:
+    - "@azure-tools/typespec-azure-rulesets/data-plane"
+`;
+    const result = await new LinterRulesetRule().execute(host, TsvTestHost.folder);
+    assert(result.success);
+  });
+
+  it("fails with no-config", async function () {
+    const host = new TsvTestHost();
+    host.readTspConfig = async (_folder: string) => "";
+    const result = await new LinterRulesetRule().execute(host, TsvTestHost.folder);
+    assert(!result.success);
+  });
+
+  it("fails with resource-manager/no-linter", async function () {
+    const host = new TsvTestHost();
+    host.readTspConfig = async (_folder: string) => `
+options:
+  "@azure-tools/typespec-autorest":
+    azure-resource-provider-folder: "resource-manager"
+`;
+    const result = await new LinterRulesetRule().execute(host, TsvTestHost.folder);
+    assert(!result.success);
+  });
+
+  it("fails with resource-manager/data-plane", async function () {
+    const host = new TsvTestHost();
+    host.readTspConfig = async (_folder: string) => `
+options:
+  "@azure-tools/typespec-autorest":
+    azure-resource-provider-folder: "resource-manager"
+linter:
+  extends:
+    - "@azure-tools/typespec-azure-rulesets/data-plane"
+`;
+    const result = await new LinterRulesetRule().execute(host, TsvTestHost.folder);
+    assert(!result.success);
+  });
+
+  it("fails with data-plane/resource-manager", async function () {
+    const host = new TsvTestHost();
+    host.readTspConfig = async (_folder: string) => `
+options:
+  "@azure-tools/typespec-autorest":
+    azure-resource-provider-folder: "data-plane"
+linter:
+  extends:
+    - "@azure-tools/typespec-azure-rulesets/resource-manager"
+`;
+    const result = await new LinterRulesetRule().execute(host, TsvTestHost.folder);
+    assert(!result.success);
+  });
+});