diff --git a/drivers/iommu/io-pgtable-arm.c b/drivers/iommu/io-pgtable-arm.c
index f5c90e1366ce03..7c9d632f1d0907 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/io-pgtable-arm.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/io-pgtable-arm.c
@@ -335,8 +335,12 @@ static int __arm_lpae_map(struct arm_lpae_io_pgtable *data, unsigned long iova,
 		if (cfg->quirks & IO_PGTABLE_QUIRK_ARM_NS)
 			pte |= ARM_LPAE_PTE_NSTABLE;
 		__arm_lpae_set_pte(ptep, pte, cfg);
-	} else {
+	} else if (!iopte_leaf(pte, lvl)) {
 		cptep = iopte_deref(pte, data);
+	} else {
+		/* We require an unmap first */
+		WARN_ON(!selftest_running);
+		return -EEXIST;
 	}
 
 	/* Rinse, repeat */