diff --git a/python/ray/data/_internal/iterator/stream_split_iterator.py b/python/ray/data/_internal/iterator/stream_split_iterator.py
index d172ee33e428..205b5b3e12f4 100644
--- a/python/ray/data/_internal/iterator/stream_split_iterator.py
+++ b/python/ray/data/_internal/iterator/stream_split_iterator.py
@@ -183,6 +183,8 @@ def add_split_op(dag):
 
         self._next_epoch = gen_epochs()
         self._output_iterator = None
+        # Used for debugging https://github.com/ray-project/ray/issues/45225
+        self._debug_info = {}
 
     def stats(self) -> DatasetStats:
         """Returns stats from the base dataset."""
@@ -249,9 +251,11 @@ def get(
     def _barrier(self, split_idx: int) -> int:
         """Arrive and block until the start of the given epoch."""
 
+        self._debug_info[split_idx] = {}
         # Decrement and await all clients to arrive here.
         with self._lock:
             starting_epoch = self._cur_epoch
+            self._debug_info[split_idx]["starting_epoch"] = starting_epoch
             self._unfinished_clients_in_epoch -= 1
 
         start_time = time.time()
@@ -271,11 +275,31 @@ def _barrier(self, split_idx: int) -> int:
             time.sleep(0.1)
 
         # Advance to the next epoch.
+        self._debug_info[split_idx]["entering_lock"] = (
+            self._cur_epoch,
+            self._output_iterator is None,
+            time.time(),
+        )
         with self._lock:
+            self._debug_info[split_idx]["entered_lock"] = (
+                self._cur_epoch,
+                self._output_iterator is None,
+                time.time(),
+            )
             if self._cur_epoch == starting_epoch:
                 self._cur_epoch += 1
                 self._unfinished_clients_in_epoch = self._n
                 self._output_iterator = next(self._next_epoch)
+                self._debug_info[split_idx]["set_iter"] = (
+                    self._cur_epoch,
+                    self._output_iterator is None,
+                    time.time(),
+                )
+            self._debug_info[split_idx]["leaving_lock"] = (
+                self._cur_epoch,
+                self._output_iterator is None,
+                time.time(),
+            )
 
-        assert self._output_iterator is not None
+        assert self._output_iterator is not None, self._debug_info
         return starting_epoch + 1