diff --git a/sdks/typescript/server/src/__tests__/utils.test.ts b/sdks/typescript/server/src/__tests__/utils.test.ts
index fb552dd6..5c08f0f9 100644
--- a/sdks/typescript/server/src/__tests__/utils.test.ts
+++ b/sdks/typescript/server/src/__tests__/utils.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
-import { getAdditionalResourceProps } from '../utils.js';
+import { describe, it, expect, vi } from 'vitest';
+import { getAdditionalResourceProps, utf8ToBase64 } from '../utils.js';
 import { UI_METADATA_PREFIX } from '../types.js';
 
 describe('getAdditionalResourceProps', () => {
@@ -59,3 +59,88 @@ describe('getAdditionalResourceProps', () => {
     });
   });
 });
+
+describe('utf8ToBase64', () => {
+  it('should correctly encode a simple ASCII string', () => {
+    const str = 'hello world';
+    const expected = 'aGVsbG8gd29ybGQ=';
+    expect(utf8ToBase64(str)).toBe(expected);
+  });
+
+  it('should correctly encode a string with UTF-8 characters', () => {
+    const str = '你好,世界';
+    const expected = '5L2g5aW9LOS4lueVjA==';
+    expect(utf8ToBase64(str)).toBe(expected);
+  });
+
+  it('should correctly encode an empty string', () => {
+    const str = '';
+    const expected = '';
+    expect(utf8ToBase64(str)).toBe(expected);
+  });
+
+  it('should correctly encode a string with various special characters', () => {
+    const str = '`~!@#$%^&*()_+-=[]{}\\|;\':",./<>?';
+    const expected = 'YH4hQCMkJV4mKigpXystPVtde31cfDsnOiIsLi88Pj8=';
+    expect(utf8ToBase64(str)).toBe(expected);
+  });
+
+  it('should use TextEncoder and btoa when Buffer is not available', () => {
+    const str = 'hello world';
+    const expected = 'aGVsbG8gd29ybGQ=';
+
+    const bufferBackup = global.Buffer;
+    // @ts-expect-error - simulating Buffer not being available
+    delete global.Buffer;
+
+    expect(utf8ToBase64(str)).toBe(expected);
+
+    global.Buffer = bufferBackup;
+  });
+
+  it('should use fallback btoa when Buffer and TextEncoder are not available', () => {
+    const str = 'hello world';
+    const expected = 'aGVsbG8gd29ybGQ=';
+
+    const bufferBackup = global.Buffer;
+    const textEncoderBackup = global.TextEncoder;
+
+    // @ts-expect-error - simulating Buffer not being available
+    delete global.Buffer;
+    // @ts-expect-error - simulating TextEncoder not being available
+    delete global.TextEncoder;
+
+    const consoleWarnSpy = vi.spyOn(console, 'warn').mockImplementation(() => {});
+    expect(utf8ToBase64(str)).toBe(expected);
+    expect(consoleWarnSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      'MCP-UI SDK: Buffer API and TextEncoder/btoa not available. Base64 encoding might not be UTF-8 safe.',
+    );
+
+    consoleWarnSpy.mockRestore();
+    global.Buffer = bufferBackup;
+    global.TextEncoder = textEncoderBackup;
+  });
+
+  it('should throw an error if all encoding methods fail', () => {
+    const str = 'hello world';
+
+    const bufferBackup = global.Buffer;
+    const textEncoderBackup = global.TextEncoder;
+    const btoaBackup = global.btoa;
+
+    // @ts-expect-error - simulating Buffer not being available
+    delete global.Buffer;
+    // @ts-expect-error - simulating TextEncoder not being available
+    delete global.TextEncoder;
+    // @ts-expect-error - simulating btoa not being available
+    delete global.btoa;
+
+    expect(() => utf8ToBase64(str)).toThrow(
+      'MCP-UI SDK: Suitable UTF-8 to Base64 encoding method not found, and fallback btoa failed.',
+    );
+
+    global.Buffer = bufferBackup;
+    global.TextEncoder = textEncoderBackup;
+    global.btoa = btoaBackup;
+  });
+});
diff --git a/sdks/typescript/server/src/index.ts b/sdks/typescript/server/src/index.ts
index 6d701560..4a284c51 100644
--- a/sdks/typescript/server/src/index.ts
+++ b/sdks/typescript/server/src/index.ts
@@ -10,44 +10,13 @@ import {
   UIActionResultIntent,
   UIActionResultToolCall,
 } from './types.js';
-import { getAdditionalResourceProps } from './utils.js';
+import { getAdditionalResourceProps, utf8ToBase64 } from './utils.js';
 
 export type UIResource = {
   type: 'resource';
   resource: HTMLTextContent | Base64BlobContent;
 };
 
-/**
- * Robustly encodes a UTF-8 string to Base64.
- * Uses Node.js Buffer if available, otherwise TextEncoder and btoa.
- * @param str The string to encode.
- * @returns Base64 encoded string.
- */
-function robustUtf8ToBase64(str: string): string {
-  if (typeof Buffer !== 'undefined') {
-    return Buffer.from(str, 'utf-8').toString('base64');
-  } else if (typeof TextEncoder !== 'undefined' && typeof btoa !== 'undefined') {
-    const encoder = new TextEncoder();
-    const uint8Array = encoder.encode(str);
-    let binaryString = '';
-    uint8Array.forEach((byte) => {
-      binaryString += String.fromCharCode(byte);
-    });
-    return btoa(binaryString);
-  } else {
-    console.warn(
-      'MCP-UI SDK: Buffer API and TextEncoder/btoa not available. Base64 encoding might not be UTF-8 safe.',
-    );
-    try {
-      return btoa(str);
-    } catch (e) {
-      throw new Error(
-        'MCP-UI SDK: Suitable UTF-8 to Base64 encoding method not found, and fallback btoa failed.',
-      );
-    }
-  }
-}
-
 /**
  * Creates a UIResource.
  * This is the object that should be included in the 'content' array of a toolResult.
@@ -114,7 +83,7 @@ export function createUIResource(options: CreateUIResourceOptions): UIResource {
       resource = {
         uri: options.uri,
         mimeType: mimeType as MimeType,
-        blob: robustUtf8ToBase64(actualContentString),
+        blob: utf8ToBase64(actualContentString),
         ...getAdditionalResourceProps(options),
       };
       break;
diff --git a/sdks/typescript/server/src/utils.ts b/sdks/typescript/server/src/utils.ts
index 1aa96c09..ee80237a 100644
--- a/sdks/typescript/server/src/utils.ts
+++ b/sdks/typescript/server/src/utils.ts
@@ -24,3 +24,39 @@ export function getAdditionalResourceProps(
 
   return additionalResourceProps;
 }
+
+/**
+ * Robustly encodes a UTF-8 string to Base64.
+ * Uses Node.js Buffer if available, otherwise TextEncoder and btoa.
+ * @param str The string to encode.
+ * @returns Base64 encoded string.
+ */
+export function utf8ToBase64(str: string): string {
+  if (typeof Buffer !== 'undefined') {
+    return Buffer.from(str, 'utf-8').toString('base64');
+  } else if (typeof TextEncoder !== 'undefined' && typeof btoa !== 'undefined') {
+    const encoder = new TextEncoder();
+    const uint8Array = encoder.encode(str);
+    // Efficiently convert Uint8Array to binary string, handling large arrays in chunks
+    let binaryString = '';
+    // 8192 is a common chunk size used in JavaScript for performance reasons.
+    // It tends to align well with internal buffer sizes and memory page sizes,
+    // and it's small enough to avoid stack overflow errors with String.fromCharCode.
+    const CHUNK_SIZE = 8192;
+    for (let i = 0; i < uint8Array.length; i += CHUNK_SIZE) {
+      binaryString += String.fromCharCode(...uint8Array.slice(i, i + CHUNK_SIZE));
+    }
+    return btoa(binaryString);
+  } else {
+    console.warn(
+      'MCP-UI SDK: Buffer API and TextEncoder/btoa not available. Base64 encoding might not be UTF-8 safe.',
+    );
+    try {
+      return btoa(str);
+    } catch (e) {
+      throw new Error(
+        'MCP-UI SDK: Suitable UTF-8 to Base64 encoding method not found, and fallback btoa failed.',
+      );
+    }
+  }
+}