diff --git a/paddle/fluid/eager/pylayer/py_layer_node.cc b/paddle/fluid/eager/pylayer/py_layer_node.cc
index 0383251c9a177..11e9d93da478f 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/eager/pylayer/py_layer_node.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/eager/pylayer/py_layer_node.cc
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ GradNodePyLayer::operator()(
                          kSlotSmallVectorSize>& grads,  // NOLINT
     bool create_graph,
     bool is_new_grad) {
+  pybind11::gil_scoped_acquire gil;
   VLOG(3) << "Running Eager Backward Node: " << name();
 
   paddle::small_vector<std::vector<paddle::experimental::Tensor>,
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/pybind/eager_functions.cc b/paddle/fluid/pybind/eager_functions.cc
index f256787805a0f..fd7cd9710c724 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/pybind/eager_functions.cc
+++ b/paddle/fluid/pybind/eager_functions.cc
@@ -119,9 +119,12 @@ static PyObject* eager_api_run_backward(PyObject* self,
   EAGER_TRY
   auto tensors = CastPyArg2VectorOfTensor(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, 0), 0);
   auto grad_tensors = CastPyArg2VectorOfTensor(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, 1), 1);
-  egr::Backward(tensors,
-                grad_tensors,
-                CastPyArg2AttrBoolean(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, 2), 2));
+  {
+    eager_gil_scoped_release guard;
+    egr::Backward(tensors,
+                  grad_tensors,
+                  CastPyArg2AttrBoolean(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, 2), 2));
+  }
   RETURN_PY_NONE
   EAGER_CATCH_AND_THROW_RETURN_NULL
 }
@@ -138,15 +141,18 @@ static PyObject* eager_api_run_partial_grad(PyObject* self,
   auto only_inputs = CastPyArg2AttrBoolean(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, 5), 5);
   auto allow_unused = CastPyArg2AttrBoolean(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, 6), 6);
   auto no_grad_vars = CastPyArg2VectorOfTensor(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, 7), 7);
-
-  std::vector<paddle::experimental::Tensor> result = egr::Grad(tensors,
-                                                               inputs,
-                                                               grad_tensors,
-                                                               retain_graph,
-                                                               create_graph,
-                                                               only_inputs,
-                                                               allow_unused,
-                                                               no_grad_vars);
+  std::vector<paddle::experimental::Tensor> result;
+  {
+    eager_gil_scoped_release guard;
+    result = egr::Grad(tensors,
+                       inputs,
+                       grad_tensors,
+                       retain_graph,
+                       create_graph,
+                       only_inputs,
+                       allow_unused,
+                       no_grad_vars);
+  }
   VLOG(1) << " in eager_api_run_partial_grad, after runing egr::Grad";
   return ToPyObject(result, true /* return_py_none_if_not_initialize */);
   EAGER_CATCH_AND_THROW_RETURN_NULL
@@ -179,18 +185,21 @@ static PyObject* eager_api_read_next_tensor_list(PyObject* self,
   auto tensor_base_list =
       CastPyArg2VectorOfTensorBase(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, 0), 0);
   std::vector<paddle::experimental::Tensor> tensor_list;
-  tensor_list.reserve(tensor_base_list.size());
-  auto func = [](framework::Tensor& tensor_base) {
-    paddle::experimental::Tensor tensor(
-        egr::Controller::Instance().GenerateUniqueName());
-    auto autograd_meta = egr::EagerUtils::autograd_meta(&tensor);
-    autograd_meta->SetPersistable(false);
-    autograd_meta->SetStopGradient(true);
-    tensor.set_impl(std::make_shared<phi::DenseTensor>(tensor_base));
-    return tensor;
-  };
-  for (auto& tensor_base : tensor_base_list) {
-    tensor_list.emplace_back(func(tensor_base));
+  {
+    eager_gil_scoped_release guard;
+    tensor_list.reserve(tensor_base_list.size());
+    auto func = [](framework::Tensor& tensor_base) {
+      paddle::experimental::Tensor tensor(
+          egr::Controller::Instance().GenerateUniqueName());
+      auto autograd_meta = egr::EagerUtils::autograd_meta(&tensor);
+      autograd_meta->SetPersistable(false);
+      autograd_meta->SetStopGradient(true);
+      tensor.set_impl(std::make_shared<phi::DenseTensor>(tensor_base));
+      return tensor;
+    };
+    for (auto& tensor_base : tensor_base_list) {
+      tensor_list.emplace_back(func(tensor_base));
+    }
   }
   return ToPyObject(tensor_list);
   EAGER_CATCH_AND_THROW_RETURN_NULL
diff --git a/paddle/fluid/pybind/eager_utils.h b/paddle/fluid/pybind/eager_utils.h
index 25dcd91bed0d1..a97e2a8d2d0a7 100644
--- a/paddle/fluid/pybind/eager_utils.h
+++ b/paddle/fluid/pybind/eager_utils.h
@@ -250,5 +250,17 @@ std::vector<paddle::framework::Scope*> GetScopePtrListFromArgs(
     ssize_t arg_idx,
     bool dispensable);
 
+class eager_gil_scoped_release {
+ public:
+  eager_gil_scoped_release() { tstate = PyEval_SaveThread(); }
+  ~eager_gil_scoped_release() {
+    if (!tstate) return;
+    PyEval_RestoreThread(tstate);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  PyThreadState* tstate{nullptr};
+};
+
 }  // namespace pybind
 }  // namespace paddle