diff --git a/src/lib/dom-api.html b/src/lib/dom-api.html
index 5282130508..929c1ac912 100644
--- a/src/lib/dom-api.html
+++ b/src/lib/dom-api.html
@@ -65,11 +65,15 @@
       // 3. node is <content> (host of container needs distribution)
       appendChild: function(node) {
         var handled;
+        // if a <content> is added, make sure it's parent has logical info.
+        this._ensureContentLogicalInfo(node);
         this._removeNodeFromHost(node, true);
         if (this._nodeIsInLogicalTree(this.node)) {
           this._addLogicalInfo(node, this.node);
           this._addNodeToHost(node);
           handled = this._maybeDistribute(node, this.node);
+        } else {
+          this._addNodeToHost(node);
         }
         // if not distributing and not adding to host, do a fast path addition
         if (!handled && !this._tryRemoveUndistributedNode(node)) {
@@ -86,9 +90,10 @@
           return this.appendChild(node);
         }
         var handled;
+        // if a <content> is added, make sure it's parent has logical info.
+        this._ensureContentLogicalInfo(node);
         this._removeNodeFromHost(node, true);
         if (this._nodeIsInLogicalTree(this.node)) {
-          saveLightChildrenIfNeeded(this.node);
           var children = this.childNodes;
           var index = children.indexOf(ref_node);
           if (index < 0) {
@@ -98,6 +103,8 @@
           this._addLogicalInfo(node, this.node, index);
           this._addNodeToHost(node);
           handled = this._maybeDistribute(node, this.node);
+        } else {
+          this._addNodeToHost(node);
         }
         // if not distributing and not adding to host, do a fast path addition
         if (!handled && !this._tryRemoveUndistributedNode(node)) {
@@ -125,6 +132,8 @@
         if (this._nodeIsInLogicalTree(this.node)) {
           this._removeNodeFromHost(node);
           handled = this._maybeDistribute(node, this.node);
+        } else {
+          this._removeNodeFromHost(node);
         }
         if (!handled) {
           // if removing from a shadyRoot, remove form host instead
@@ -237,10 +246,23 @@
       // or has a lightParent
       _nodeIsInLogicalTree: function(node) {
         return Boolean((node._lightParent !== undefined) || node._isShadyRoot ||
-          this._ownerShadyRootForNode(node) ||
           node.shadyRoot);
       },
 
+      _ensureContentLogicalInfo: function(node) {
+        if (node.nodeType === Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE) {
+          saveLightChildrenIfNeeded(this.node);
+          var c$ = Array.prototype.slice.call(node.childNodes);
+          for (var i=0, n; (i<c$.length) && (n=c$[i]); i++) {
+            this._ensureContentLogicalInfo(n);
+          }
+        } else if (node.localName === CONTENT) {
+          // should be parent not this.node, but this is before parent is set.
+          saveLightChildrenIfNeeded(this.node);
+          saveLightChildrenIfNeeded(node);
+        }
+      },
+
       _parentNeedsDistribution: function(parent) {
         return parent && parent.shadyRoot && hasInsertionPoint(parent.shadyRoot);
       },
@@ -298,17 +320,15 @@
         }
       },
 
+      // a node being added is always in this same host as this.node.
       _addNodeToHost: function(node) {
-        var checkNode = node.nodeType === Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE ?
-          node.firstChild : node;
-        var root = this._ownerShadyRootForNode(checkNode);
+        var root = this.getOwnerRoot();
         if (root) {
           root.host._elementAdd(node);
         }
       },
 
       _addLogicalInfo: function(node, container, index) {
-        saveLightChildrenIfNeeded(container);
         var children = factory(container).childNodes;
         index = index === undefined ? children.length : index;
         // handle document fragments