diff --git a/driver_test.go b/driver_test.go
index 63c9ac9..6621564 100644
--- a/driver_test.go
+++ b/driver_test.go
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package zetasqlite_test
 import (
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
@@ -186,6 +187,36 @@ CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Singers (
 	})
 }
 
+func TestCreateTable(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("primary keys", func(t *testing.T) {
+		db, err := sql.Open("zetasqlite", ":memory:")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if _, err := db.Exec(`
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Singers (
+  SingerId   INT64 NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
+  FirstName  STRING(1024),
+  LastName   STRING(1024)
+)`); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		stmt, err := db.Prepare("INSERT Singers (SingerId, FirstName, LastName) VALUES (@SingerID, @FirstName, @LastName)")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		_, err = stmt.Exec(int64(1), "Kylie", "Minogue")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		_, err = stmt.Exec(int64(1), "Miss", "Kitten")
+		if !strings.HasSuffix(err.Error(), "UNIQUE constraint failed: Singers.SingerId") {
+			t.Fatalf("expected failed unique constraint err, got: %s", err)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
 func TestPreparedStatements(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("prepared select", func(t *testing.T) {
 		db, err := sql.Open("zetasqlite", ":memory:")
diff --git a/internal/spec.go b/internal/spec.go
index fb1c831..6261c6f 100644
--- a/internal/spec.go
+++ b/internal/spec.go
@@ -139,11 +139,23 @@ func (s *TableSpec) SQLiteSchema() string {
 		columns = append(columns, c.SQLiteSchema())
 	}
 	if len(s.PrimaryKey) != 0 {
+		primaryKeys := make([]string, len(s.PrimaryKey))
+
+		for i, key := range s.PrimaryKey {
+			primaryKeys[i] = fmt.Sprintf("%s COLLATE zetasqlite_collate", key)
+		}
+
 		columns = append(
 			columns,
-			fmt.Sprintf("PRIMARY KEY (%s)", strings.Join(s.PrimaryKey, ",")),
+			fmt.Sprintf("PRIMARY KEY (%s)", strings.Join(primaryKeys, ",")),
 		)
 	}
+	var clustering string
+	if len(s.PrimaryKey) > 0 {
+		clustering = "WITHOUT ROWID"
+	} else {
+		clustering = ""
+	}
 	var stmt string
 	switch s.CreateMode {
 	case ast.CreateDefaultMode:
@@ -153,7 +165,7 @@ func (s *TableSpec) SQLiteSchema() string {
 	case ast.CreateIfNotExistsMode:
 		stmt = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS"
 	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s `%s` (%s)", stmt, s.TableName(), strings.Join(columns, ","))
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s `%s` (%s) %s", stmt, s.TableName(), strings.Join(columns, ","), clustering)
 }
 
 func viewSQLiteSchema(s *TableSpec) string {