diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 1fd9cd3..4c0af46 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -35,6 +35,10 @@ coverage/
 # Temporary files
 tmp/
 temp/
+.npm-install-hash
+
+# npm install optimization cache
+.npm-install-hash
 
 # Browser profiles
 profiles/
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/SKILL.md b/skills/dev-browser/SKILL.md
index 21e4bd4..4f1c368 100644
--- a/skills/dev-browser/SKILL.md
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/SKILL.md
@@ -15,17 +15,64 @@ Browser automation that maintains page state across script executions. Write sma
 
 ## Setup
 
-Two modes available. Ask the user if unclear which to use.
+```bash
+./skills/dev-browser/server.sh &
+```
 
-### Standalone Mode (Default)
+**Wait for the `Ready` message before running scripts.**
 
-Launches a new Chromium browser for fresh automation sessions.
+The server:
+- Auto-assigns a port from 19222-19300 (avoids Chrome CDP port conflicts)
+- Writes the port to `tmp/port` for client discovery
+- Outputs `PORT=XXXX` to stdout
+- Auto-shuts down after 30 minutes of inactivity
+- Cleans up stale server entries on startup
 
-```bash
-./skills/dev-browser/server.sh &
+The client (`connectLite()`) auto-discovers the port in this order:
+1. `DEV_BROWSER_PORT` environment variable
+2. `tmp/port` file in skill directory
+3. Most recent server from `~/.dev-browser/active-servers.json`
+4. Default port 19222
+
+The server uses Chrome for Testing via CDP based on configuration at `~/.dev-browser/config.json`:
+
+- **External Browser** (default): Uses Chrome for Testing via CDP. Browser stays open after automation.
+- **Standalone**: Uses Playwright's bundled Chromium. **Not recommended** - only available with explicit `--standalone` flag.
+
+**Important**: If Chrome for Testing is not found, the server will fail with an error instead of falling back to Playwright's bundled browser. This ensures consistent browser behavior.
+
+**Flags:**
+- `--standalone` - Force standalone Playwright mode (not recommended)
+- `--headless` - Run headless (standalone mode only)
+
+### Configuration
+
+Browser settings are configured in `~/.dev-browser/config.json`:
+
+```json
+{
+  "portRange": { "start": 19222, "end": 19300, "step": 2 },
+  "cdpPort": 9223,
+  "browser": {
+    "mode": "auto",
+    "path": "/Applications/Chrome for Testing.app"
+  }
+}
 ```
 
-Add `--headless` flag if user requests it. **Wait for the `Ready` message before running scripts.**
+| Setting | Values | Description |
+|---------|--------|-------------|
+| `portRange.start` | Number (default: 19222) | First port to try for HTTP API server |
+| `portRange.end` | Number (default: 19300) | Last port to try |
+| `cdpPort` | Number (default: 9223) | Chrome DevTools Protocol port |
+| `browser.mode` | `"auto"` (default), `"external"`, `"standalone"` | `auto` and `external` use Chrome for Testing; `standalone` uses Playwright (not recommended) |
+| `browser.path` | Path string | Browser executable or .app bundle. On macOS, .app paths use `open -a` for proper Dock icon |
+| `browser.userDataDir` | Path string | Browser profile directory for external mode (uses browser's default if not set) |
+
+**Auto-detection paths:**
+- **macOS**: `/Applications/Google Chrome for Testing.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome for Testing`
+- **Linux**: `/opt/google/chrome-for-testing/chrome`, `/usr/bin/google-chrome-for-testing`
+- **Windows**: `C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome for Testing\Application\chrome.exe`
 
 ### Extension Mode
 
@@ -59,16 +106,16 @@ Execute scripts inline using heredocs:
 
 ```bash
 cd skills/dev-browser && npx tsx <<'EOF'
-import { connect, waitForPageLoad } from "@/client.js";
+import { connectLite } from "@/client-lite.js";
 
-const client = await connect();
-const page = await client.page("example"); // descriptive name like "cnn-homepage"
-await page.setViewportSize({ width: 1280, height: 800 });
+const client = await connectLite();
+await client.page("example"); // descriptive name like "cnn-homepage"
+await client.setViewportSize("example", 1280, 800);
 
-await page.goto("https://example.com");
-await waitForPageLoad(page);
+await client.navigate("example", "https://example.com");
 
-console.log({ title: await page.title(), url: page.url() });
+const info = await client.getInfo("example");
+console.log({ title: info.title, url: info.url });
 await client.disconnect();
 EOF
 ```
@@ -81,7 +128,7 @@ EOF
 2. **Evaluate state**: Log/return state at the end to decide next steps
 3. **Descriptive page names**: Use `"checkout"`, `"login"`, not `"main"`
 4. **Disconnect to exit**: `await client.disconnect()` - pages persist on server
-5. **Plain JS in evaluate**: `page.evaluate()` runs in browser - no TypeScript syntax
+5. **Plain JS in evaluate**: `client.evaluate()` runs in browser - no TypeScript syntax
 
 ## Workflow Loop
 
@@ -95,19 +142,19 @@ Follow this pattern for complex tasks:
 
 ### No TypeScript in Browser Context
 
-Code passed to `page.evaluate()` runs in the browser, which doesn't understand TypeScript:
+Code passed to `client.evaluate()` runs in the browser, which doesn't understand TypeScript:
 
 ```typescript
 // ✅ Correct: plain JavaScript
-const text = await page.evaluate(() => {
-  return document.body.innerText;
-});
+const text = await client.evaluate("mypage", `
+  document.body.innerText
+`);
 
 // ❌ Wrong: TypeScript syntax will fail at runtime
-const text = await page.evaluate(() => {
+const text = await client.evaluate("mypage", `
   const el: HTMLElement = document.body; // Type annotation breaks in browser!
-  return el.innerText;
-});
+  el.innerText;
+`);
 ```
 
 ## Scraping Data
@@ -117,27 +164,30 @@ For scraping large datasets, intercept and replay network requests rather than s
 ## Client API
 
 ```typescript
-const client = await connect();
-const page = await client.page("name"); // Get or create named page
-const pages = await client.list(); // List all page names
-await client.close("name"); // Close a page
-await client.disconnect(); // Disconnect (pages persist)
+import { connectLite } from "@/client-lite.js";
+
+const client = await connectLite();
+await client.page("name");              // Get or create named page
+const pages = await client.list();      // List all page names
+await client.close("name");             // Close a page
+await client.disconnect();              // Disconnect (pages persist)
 
 // ARIA Snapshot methods
-const snapshot = await client.getAISnapshot("name"); // Get accessibility tree
-const element = await client.selectSnapshotRef("name", "e5"); // Get element by ref
+const snapshot = await client.getAISnapshot("name");    // Get accessibility tree
+const refInfo = await client.selectRef("name", "e5");   // Get element info by ref
+await client.click("name", "e5");                       // Click element by ref
+await client.fill("name", "e5", "text");                // Fill input by ref
 ```
 
-The `page` object is a standard Playwright Page.
-
 ## Waiting
 
 ```typescript
-import { waitForPageLoad } from "@/client.js";
+// After navigation
+await client.navigate("name", "https://example.com", "networkidle");
 
-await waitForPageLoad(page); // After navigation
-await page.waitForSelector(".results"); // For specific elements
-await page.waitForURL("**/success"); // For specific URL
+// For specific elements
+await client.waitForSelector("name", ".results");
+await client.waitForSelector("name", ".modal", { state: "hidden", timeout: 5000 });
 ```
 
 ## Inspecting Page State
@@ -145,8 +195,13 @@ await page.waitForURL("**/success"); // For specific URL
 ### Screenshots
 
 ```typescript
-await page.screenshot({ path: "tmp/screenshot.png" });
-await page.screenshot({ path: "tmp/full.png", fullPage: true });
+import { writeFileSync } from "fs";
+
+const result = await client.screenshot("name");
+writeFileSync("tmp/screenshot.png", Buffer.from(result.screenshot, "base64"));
+
+const full = await client.screenshot("name", { fullPage: true });
+writeFileSync("tmp/full.png", Buffer.from(full.screenshot, "base64"));
 ```
 
 ### ARIA Snapshot (Element Discovery)
@@ -181,8 +236,13 @@ Use `getAISnapshot()` to discover page elements. Returns YAML-formatted accessib
 const snapshot = await client.getAISnapshot("hackernews");
 console.log(snapshot); // Find the ref you need
 
-const element = await client.selectSnapshotRef("hackernews", "e2");
-await element.click();
+// Get info about an element
+const refInfo = await client.selectRef("hackernews", "e2");
+console.log(refInfo); // { found: true, tagName: "A", textContent: "..." }
+
+// Click or fill
+await client.click("hackernews", "e2");
+await client.fill("hackernews", "e10", "search query");
 ```
 
 ## Error Recovery
@@ -191,16 +251,22 @@ Page state persists after failures. Debug with:
 
 ```bash
 cd skills/dev-browser && npx tsx <<'EOF'
-import { connect } from "@/client.js";
+import { connectLite } from "@/client-lite.js";
+import { writeFileSync } from "fs";
+
+const client = await connectLite();
+await client.page("hackernews");
+
+const shot = await client.screenshot("hackernews");
+writeFileSync("tmp/debug.png", Buffer.from(shot.screenshot, "base64"));
 
-const client = await connect();
-const page = await client.page("hackernews");
+const info = await client.getInfo("hackernews");
+const bodyText = await client.evaluate("hackernews", "document.body.innerText.slice(0, 200)");
 
-await page.screenshot({ path: "tmp/debug.png" });
 console.log({
-  url: page.url(),
-  title: await page.title(),
-  bodyText: await page.textContent("body").then((t) => t?.slice(0, 200)),
+  url: info.url,
+  title: info.title,
+  bodyText,
 });
 
 await client.disconnect();
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/docs/CONCURRENCY.md b/skills/dev-browser/docs/CONCURRENCY.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37f8267
--- /dev/null
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/docs/CONCURRENCY.md
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+# Multi-Agent Concurrency Support
+
+This document explains how dev-browser supports multiple concurrent agents and the design decisions behind the implementation.
+
+## The Problem
+
+When multiple AI agents (e.g., Claude Code sub-agents) run browser automation tasks in parallel, they need to avoid conflicts. The original dev-browser design assumed a single server on a fixed port, which creates a bottleneck:
+
+> "dev-browser is in fact a single point of congestion now, nullifying the advantages of dev browser"
+> — [PR #15 discussion](https://github.com/SawyerHood/dev-browser/pull/15#issuecomment-3698722432)
+
+## Solution: Dynamic Port Allocation
+
+Each agent automatically gets its own HTTP API server on a unique port:
+
+```
+Agent 1 ──► server (port 9222) ──┐
+Agent 2 ──► server (port 9224) ──┼──► Shared Browser (CDP 9223)
+Agent 3 ──► server (port 9226) ──┘
+```
+
+### How It Works
+
+1. **Port Auto-Assignment**: When `port` is not specified, the server finds an available port in the configured range (default: 9222-9300, step 2)
+
+2. **Port Discovery**: Server outputs `PORT=XXXX` to stdout, which agents parse to know which port to connect to
+
+3. **Server Tracking**: Active servers are tracked in `~/.dev-browser/active-servers.json` for coordination
+
+4. **Shared Browser**: In external browser mode, all servers connect to the same browser via CDP, minimizing resource usage
+
+## Design Decisions
+
+### Options Considered
+
+#### Option 1: Manual Port Assignment (Rejected)
+
+From [PR #15](https://github.com/SawyerHood/dev-browser/pull/15), the initial proposal was to add `--port` and `--cdp-port` CLI flags for manual assignment.
+
+**Why rejected**: Requires agents to coordinate port selection, adds complexity to agent implementation, and creates potential for conflicts.
+
+#### Option 2: Singleton Server with Named Pages (Rejected)
+
+Have one persistent server handling all agents, using page names for isolation.
+
+**Why rejected**: Incompatible with the plugin architecture where each agent spawns its own server process. Also creates a true single point of failure.
+
+#### Option 3: Dynamic Port Allocation (Chosen)
+
+Servers automatically discover and claim available ports.
+
+**Why chosen**:
+- Zero configuration required
+- Agents don't need to coordinate
+- Works with existing plugin architecture
+- Each agent is isolated (failure doesn't affect others)
+- Memory overhead is acceptable (~140MB per server)
+
+### Memory Considerations
+
+Each dev-browser server uses approximately:
+- **Node.js + Playwright + Express**: ~140MB
+- **Browser (if standalone mode)**: ~300MB additional
+
+In external browser mode, multiple servers share one browser, making the per-agent overhead just ~140MB.
+
+## Configuration
+
+Create `~/.dev-browser/config.json` to customize behavior:
+
+```json
+{
+  "portRange": {
+    "start": 9222,
+    "end": 9300,
+    "step": 2
+  },
+  "cdpPort": 9223
+}
+```
+
+| Option | Default | Description |
+|--------|---------|-------------|
+| `portRange.start` | 9222 | First port to try for HTTP API |
+| `portRange.end` | 9300 | Last port to try |
+| `portRange.step` | 2 | Port increment (avoids CDP port collision) |
+| `cdpPort` | 9223 | Chrome DevTools Protocol port |
+
+## Usage Examples
+
+### Multiple Agents (External Browser Mode)
+
+```bash
+# Terminal 1: Start Chrome for Testing, then:
+BROWSER_PATH="/path/to/chrome" npx tsx scripts/start-external-browser.ts
+# Output: PORT=9222
+
+# Terminal 2: Second agent
+npx tsx scripts/start-external-browser.ts
+# Output: PORT=9224
+
+# Terminal 3: Third agent
+npx tsx scripts/start-external-browser.ts
+# Output: PORT=9226
+
+# All agents share the same browser on CDP port 9223
+```
+
+### Multiple Agents (Standalone Mode)
+
+```bash
+# Terminal 1: First agent launches its own browser
+npx tsx scripts/start-server.ts
+# Output: PORT=9222
+
+# Terminal 2: Second agent launches separate browser
+npx tsx scripts/start-server.ts
+# Output: PORT=9224
+```
+
+### Programmatic Usage
+
+```typescript
+import { serve, serveWithExternalBrowser } from "dev-browser";
+
+// Port is automatically assigned
+const server1 = await serve(); // Gets port 9222
+const server2 = await serve(); // Gets port 9224
+
+console.log(`Server 1 on port ${server1.port}`);
+console.log(`Server 2 on port ${server2.port}`);
+
+// Or with external browser
+const external1 = await serveWithExternalBrowser();
+const external2 = await serveWithExternalBrowser();
+// Both connect to same browser on CDP 9223
+```
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+### "No available ports in range"
+
+Too many servers running. Check active servers:
+
+```bash
+cat ~/.dev-browser/active-servers.json
+```
+
+Clean up stale entries (servers that crashed):
+
+```bash
+rm ~/.dev-browser/active-servers.json
+```
+
+### Port Conflicts
+
+If a specific port is required, set `PORT` environment variable:
+
+```bash
+PORT=9250 npx tsx scripts/start-external-browser.ts
+```
+
+### Checking Server Status
+
+```bash
+# List all active servers
+cat ~/.dev-browser/active-servers.json
+
+# Test a specific server
+curl http://localhost:9222/
+# Returns: {"wsEndpoint":"ws://...","mode":"external-browser","port":9222}
+```
+
+## References
+
+- [PR #15: Multi-port support discussion](https://github.com/SawyerHood/dev-browser/pull/15)
+- [PR #20: External browser mode](https://github.com/SawyerHood/dev-browser/pull/20)
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/package-lock.json b/skills/dev-browser/package-lock.json
index 6e4aaa4..d4ca225 100644
--- a/skills/dev-browser/package-lock.json
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/package-lock.json
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
       },
       "devDependencies": {
         "@types/express": "^5.0.0",
+        "esbuild": "^0.24.2",
         "tsx": "^4.21.0",
         "typescript": "^5.0.0",
         "vitest": "^2.1.0"
@@ -25,9 +26,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/aix-ppc64": {
-      "version": "0.27.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/aix-ppc64/-/aix-ppc64-0.27.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-GZMB+a0mOMZs4MpDbj8RJp4cw+w1WV5NYD6xzgvzUJ5Ek2jerwfO2eADyI6ExDSUED+1X8aMbegahsJi+8mgpw==",
+      "version": "0.24.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/aix-ppc64/-/aix-ppc64-0.24.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-thpVCb/rhxE/BnMLQ7GReQLLN8q9qbHmI55F4489/ByVg2aQaQ6kbcLb6FHkocZzQhxc4gx0sCk0tJkKBFzDhA==",
       "cpu": [
         "ppc64"
       ],
@@ -42,9 +43,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/android-arm": {
-      "version": "0.27.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/android-arm/-/android-arm-0.27.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-DVNI8jlPa7Ujbr1yjU2PfUSRtAUZPG9I1RwW4F4xFB1Imiu2on0ADiI/c3td+KmDtVKNbi+nffGDQMfcIMkwIA==",
+      "version": "0.24.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/android-arm/-/android-arm-0.24.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-tmwl4hJkCfNHwFB3nBa8z1Uy3ypZpxqxfTQOcHX+xRByyYgunVbZ9MzUUfb0RxaHIMnbHagwAxuTL+tnNM+1/Q==",
       "cpu": [
         "arm"
       ],
@@ -59,9 +60,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/android-arm64": {
-      "version": "0.27.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/android-arm64/-/android-arm64-0.27.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-pvz8ZZ7ot/RBphf8fv60ljmaoydPU12VuXHImtAs0XhLLw+EXBi2BLe3OYSBslR4rryHvweW5gmkKFwTiFy6KA==",
+      "version": "0.24.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/android-arm64/-/android-arm64-0.24.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-cNLgeqCqV8WxfcTIOeL4OAtSmL8JjcN6m09XIgro1Wi7cF4t/THaWEa7eL5CMoMBdjoHOTh/vwTO/o2TRXIyzg==",
       "cpu": [
         "arm64"
       ],
@@ -76,9 +77,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/android-x64": {
-      "version": "0.27.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/android-x64/-/android-x64-0.27.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-z8Ank4Byh4TJJOh4wpz8g2vDy75zFL0TlZlkUkEwYXuPSgX8yzep596n6mT7905kA9uHZsf/o2OJZubl2l3M7A==",
+      "version": "0.24.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/android-x64/-/android-x64-0.24.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-B6Q0YQDqMx9D7rvIcsXfmJfvUYLoP722bgfBlO5cGvNVb5V/+Y7nhBE3mHV9OpxBf4eAS2S68KZztiPaWq4XYw==",
       "cpu": [
         "x64"
       ],
@@ -93,9 +94,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/darwin-arm64": {
-      "version": "0.27.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/darwin-arm64/-/darwin-arm64-0.27.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-davCD2Zc80nzDVRwXTcQP/28fiJbcOwvdolL0sOiOsbwBa72kegmVU0Wrh1MYrbuCL98Omp5dVhQFWRKR2ZAlg==",
+      "version": "0.24.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/darwin-arm64/-/darwin-arm64-0.24.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-kj3AnYWc+CekmZnS5IPu9D+HWtUI49hbnyqk0FLEJDbzCIQt7hg7ucF1SQAilhtYpIujfaHr6O0UHlzzSPdOeA==",
       "cpu": [
         "arm64"
       ],
@@ -110,9 +111,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/darwin-x64": {
-      "version": "0.27.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/darwin-x64/-/darwin-x64-0.27.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-ZxtijOmlQCBWGwbVmwOF/UCzuGIbUkqB1faQRf5akQmxRJ1ujusWsb3CVfk/9iZKr2L5SMU5wPBi1UWbvL+VQA==",
+      "version": "0.24.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/darwin-x64/-/darwin-x64-0.24.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-WeSrmwwHaPkNR5H3yYfowhZcbriGqooyu3zI/3GGpF8AyUdsrrP0X6KumITGA9WOyiJavnGZUwPGvxvwfWPHIA==",
       "cpu": [
         "x64"
       ],
@@ -127,9 +128,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/freebsd-arm64": {
-      "version": "0.27.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/freebsd-arm64/-/freebsd-arm64-0.27.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-lS/9CN+rgqQ9czogxlMcBMGd+l8Q3Nj1MFQwBZJyoEKI50XGxwuzznYdwcav6lpOGv5BqaZXqvBSiB/kJ5op+g==",
+      "version": "0.24.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/freebsd-arm64/-/freebsd-arm64-0.24.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-UN8HXjtJ0k/Mj6a9+5u6+2eZ2ERD7Edt1Q9IZiB5UZAIdPnVKDoG7mdTVGhHJIeEml60JteamR3qhsr1r8gXvg==",
       "cpu": [
         "arm64"
       ],
@@ -144,9 +145,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/freebsd-x64": {
-      "version": "0.27.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/freebsd-x64/-/freebsd-x64-0.27.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-tAfqtNYb4YgPnJlEFu4c212HYjQWSO/w/h/lQaBK7RbwGIkBOuNKQI9tqWzx7Wtp7bTPaGC6MJvWI608P3wXYA==",
+      "version": "0.24.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/freebsd-x64/-/freebsd-x64-0.24.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-TvW7wE/89PYW+IevEJXZ5sF6gJRDY/14hyIGFXdIucxCsbRmLUcjseQu1SyTko+2idmCw94TgyaEZi9HUSOe3Q==",
       "cpu": [
         "x64"
       ],
@@ -161,9 +162,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/linux-arm": {
-      "version": "0.27.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/linux-arm/-/linux-arm-0.27.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-vWfq4GaIMP9AIe4yj1ZUW18RDhx6EPQKjwe7n8BbIecFtCQG4CfHGaHuh7fdfq+y3LIA2vGS/o9ZBGVxIDi9hw==",
+      "version": "0.24.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@esbuild/linux-arm/-/linux-arm-0.24.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-n0WRM/gWIdU29J57hJyUdIsk0WarGd6To0s+Y+LwvlC55wt+GT/OgkwoXCXvIue1i1sSNWblHEig00GBWiJgfA==",
       "cpu": [
         "arm"
       ],
@@ -178,9 +179,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@esbuild/linux-arm64": {
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+        "@esbuild/android-x64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/darwin-arm64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/darwin-x64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/freebsd-arm64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/freebsd-x64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/linux-arm": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/linux-arm64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/linux-ia32": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/linux-loong64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/linux-mips64el": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/linux-ppc64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/linux-riscv64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/linux-s390x": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/linux-x64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/netbsd-arm64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/netbsd-x64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/openbsd-arm64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/openbsd-x64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/openharmony-arm64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/sunos-x64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/win32-arm64": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/win32-ia32": "0.27.2",
+        "@esbuild/win32-x64": "0.27.2"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/tsx/node_modules/fsevents": {
       "version": "2.3.3",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fsevents/-/fsevents-2.3.3.tgz",
@@ -2308,6 +2777,7 @@
       "integrity": "sha512-o5a9xKjbtuhY6Bi5S3+HvbRERmouabWbyUcpXXUA1u+GNUKoROi9byOJ8M0nHbHYHkYICiMlqxkg1KkYmm25Sw==",
       "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT",
+      "peer": true,
       "dependencies": {
         "esbuild": "^0.21.3",
         "postcss": "^8.4.43",
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/package.json b/skills/dev-browser/package.json
index 115869c..9c14284 100644
--- a/skills/dev-browser/package.json
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/package.json
@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@
     "@/*": "./src/*"
   },
   "scripts": {
-    "start-server": "npx tsx scripts/start-server.ts",
-    "start-extension": "npx tsx scripts/start-relay.ts",
+    "build": "esbuild scripts/start-server.ts scripts/start-relay.ts scripts/start-external-browser.ts --bundle --platform=node --format=esm --outdir=dist --external:playwright --external:express --external:hono --external:@hono/*",
+    "start-server": "node dist/start-server.js",
+    "start-server:dev": "npx tsx scripts/start-server.ts",
+    "start-extension": "node dist/start-relay.js",
+    "start-extension:dev": "npx tsx scripts/start-relay.ts",
     "dev": "npx tsx --watch src/index.ts",
     "test": "vitest run",
     "test:watch": "vitest"
@@ -21,6 +24,7 @@
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@types/express": "^5.0.0",
+    "esbuild": "^0.24.2",
     "tsx": "^4.21.0",
     "typescript": "^5.0.0",
     "vitest": "^2.1.0"
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/references/scraping.md b/skills/dev-browser/references/scraping.md
index a6e9b3c..91fc585 100644
--- a/skills/dev-browser/references/scraping.md
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/references/scraping.md
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # Data Scraping Guide
 
+> **Note**: This guide uses the advanced Playwright client (`client.ts`) which provides access to request/response interception. For most browser automation tasks, use the lightweight `client-lite.ts` instead (see SKILL.md). Only use the Playwright client when you specifically need request interception for scraping.
+
 For large datasets (followers, posts, search results), **intercept and replay network requests** rather than scrolling and parsing the DOM. This is faster, more reliable, and handles pagination automatically.
 
 ## Why Not Scroll?
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/scripts/benchmark.ts b/skills/dev-browser/scripts/benchmark.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2bec8ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/scripts/benchmark.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env npx tsx
+/**
+ * Performance benchmark script for dev-browser
+ *
+ * Run before and after optimizations to measure impact:
+ *   npx tsx scripts/benchmark.ts
+ *
+ * Requires Chrome for Testing running on CDP port 9223 (or 9222)
+ */
+
+import { performance } from "perf_hooks";
+
+const CDP_PORT = process.env.CDP_PORT ? parseInt(process.env.CDP_PORT) : 9222;
+const ITERATIONS = 5;
+
+interface BenchmarkResult {
+  name: string;
+  avgMs: number;
+  minMs: number;
+  maxMs: number;
+  samples: number[];
+}
+
+async function benchmark(name: string, fn: () => Promise<void>, iterations = ITERATIONS): Promise<BenchmarkResult> {
+  const samples: number[] = [];
+
+  // Warm-up run
+  await fn();
+
+  for (let i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
+    const start = performance.now();
+    await fn();
+    samples.push(performance.now() - start);
+  }
+
+  return {
+    name,
+    avgMs: samples.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0) / samples.length,
+    minMs: Math.min(...samples),
+    maxMs: Math.max(...samples),
+    samples,
+  };
+}
+
+function formatResult(r: BenchmarkResult): string {
+  return `${r.name}: ${r.avgMs.toFixed(1)}ms avg (${r.minMs.toFixed(1)}-${r.maxMs.toFixed(1)}ms)`;
+}
+
+// Helper to get last result (benchmark script, so we know array is populated)
+function lastResult(arr: BenchmarkResult[]): BenchmarkResult {
+  const last = arr[arr.length - 1];
+  if (!last) throw new Error("No results");
+  return last;
+}
+
+async function main() {
+  console.log("=== Dev-Browser Performance Benchmark ===\n");
+  console.log(`CDP Port: ${CDP_PORT}`);
+  console.log(`Iterations: ${ITERATIONS}`);
+  console.log("");
+
+  // Check if Chrome is running
+  try {
+    const res = await fetch(`http://127.0.0.1:${CDP_PORT}/json/version`);
+    if (!res.ok) throw new Error("Chrome not responding");
+    const info = await res.json() as { Browser: string };
+    console.log(`Chrome: ${info.Browser}\n`);
+  } catch {
+    console.error(`ERROR: Chrome not running on port ${CDP_PORT}`);
+    console.error("Start Chrome for Testing first, or set CDP_PORT env var");
+    process.exit(1);
+  }
+
+  const results: BenchmarkResult[] = [];
+
+  // Benchmark 1: Import time
+  console.log("--- Import Benchmarks ---");
+
+  results.push(await benchmark("Import playwright", async () => {
+    // Dynamic import to measure fresh load time
+    const mod = await import("playwright");
+    // Force module to be used to prevent optimization
+    if (!mod.chromium) throw new Error("No chromium");
+  }, 3));
+  console.log(formatResult(lastResult(results)));
+
+  results.push(await benchmark("Import express", async () => {
+    const mod = await import("express");
+    if (!mod.default) throw new Error("No express");
+  }, 3));
+  console.log(formatResult(lastResult(results)));
+
+  // Benchmark 2: CDP connection
+  console.log("\n--- Connection Benchmarks ---");
+
+  const { chromium } = await import("playwright");
+
+  results.push(await benchmark("Connect to CDP", async () => {
+    const browser = await chromium.connectOverCDP(`http://127.0.0.1:${CDP_PORT}`);
+    await browser.close();
+  }));
+  console.log(formatResult(lastResult(results)));
+
+  // Benchmark 3: Page operations (with persistent connection)
+  console.log("\n--- Page Operation Benchmarks ---");
+
+  const browser = await chromium.connectOverCDP(`http://127.0.0.1:${CDP_PORT}`);
+  const context = browser.contexts()[0] || await browser.newContext();
+
+  results.push(await benchmark("Create page", async () => {
+    const page = await context.newPage();
+    await page.close();
+  }));
+  console.log(formatResult(lastResult(results)));
+
+  results.push(await benchmark("Create page + get targetId", async () => {
+    const page = await context.newPage();
+    const session = await context.newCDPSession(page);
+    await session.send("Target.getTargetInfo");
+    await session.detach();
+    await page.close();
+  }));
+  console.log(formatResult(lastResult(results)));
+
+  const testPage = await context.newPage();
+  await testPage.goto("about:blank");
+
+  results.push(await benchmark("page.evaluate (simple)", async () => {
+    await testPage.evaluate(() => 1 + 1);
+  }, 20));
+  console.log(formatResult(lastResult(results)));
+
+  results.push(await benchmark("page.evaluate (DOM access)", async () => {
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    await testPage.evaluate(() => (globalThis as any).document.title);
+  }, 20));
+  console.log(formatResult(lastResult(results)));
+
+  // Benchmark 4: Page lookup simulation
+  console.log("\n--- Page Lookup Benchmarks ---");
+
+  // Create 10 pages to simulate realistic scenario
+  const pages: Array<{ page: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof context.newPage>>; targetId: string }> = [];
+  for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+    const page = await context.newPage();
+    const session = await context.newCDPSession(page);
+    const { targetInfo } = await session.send("Target.getTargetInfo") as { targetInfo: { targetId: string } };
+    await session.detach();
+    pages.push({ page, targetId: targetInfo.targetId });
+  }
+
+  const lastPage = pages[pages.length - 1];
+  if (!lastPage) throw new Error("No pages created");
+  const targetToFind = lastPage.targetId; // Worst case - last page
+
+  results.push(await benchmark("Find page (current: CDP per page)", async () => {
+    for (const ctx of browser.contexts()) {
+      for (const p of ctx.pages()) {
+        const session = await ctx.newCDPSession(p);
+        const { targetInfo } = await session.send("Target.getTargetInfo") as { targetInfo: { targetId: string } };
+        await session.detach();
+        if (targetInfo.targetId === targetToFind) return;
+      }
+    }
+  }));
+  console.log(formatResult(lastResult(results)));
+
+  // Optimized: Map lookup
+  const pageMap = new Map(pages.map(p => [p.targetId, p.page]));
+
+  results.push(await benchmark("Find page (optimized: Map)", async () => {
+    const found = pageMap.get(targetToFind);
+    if (!found) throw new Error("Not found");
+  }, 100));
+  console.log(formatResult(lastResult(results)));
+
+  // Benchmark 5: Concurrent operations
+  console.log("\n--- Concurrency Benchmarks ---");
+
+  results.push(await benchmark("5 concurrent pages", async () => {
+    const newPages = await Promise.all(
+      Array(5).fill(0).map(() => context.newPage())
+    );
+    await Promise.all(newPages.map(p => p.close()));
+  }, 3));
+  console.log(formatResult(lastResult(results)));
+
+  // Cleanup
+  for (const { page } of pages) {
+    await page.close();
+  }
+  await testPage.close();
+  await browser.close();
+
+  // Summary
+  console.log("\n=== SUMMARY ===");
+  console.log("Copy this for before/after comparison:\n");
+  console.log("```");
+  for (const r of results) {
+    console.log(`${r.name.padEnd(40)} ${r.avgMs.toFixed(1).padStart(8)}ms`);
+  }
+  console.log("```");
+
+  // Output as JSON for automated comparison
+  const jsonOutput = {
+    timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
+    cdpPort: CDP_PORT,
+    iterations: ITERATIONS,
+    results: results.map(r => ({
+      name: r.name,
+      avgMs: Math.round(r.avgMs * 10) / 10,
+      minMs: Math.round(r.minMs * 10) / 10,
+      maxMs: Math.round(r.maxMs * 10) / 10,
+    })),
+  };
+
+  console.log("\nJSON (for automated comparison):");
+  console.log(JSON.stringify(jsonOutput, null, 2));
+}
+
+main().catch(console.error);
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/scripts/get-browser-config.ts b/skills/dev-browser/scripts/get-browser-config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..998d93b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/scripts/get-browser-config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/**
+ * Output resolved browser configuration for shell scripts.
+ *
+ * Usage: npx tsx scripts/get-browser-config.ts
+ *
+ * Output format (shell-eval compatible):
+ *   BROWSER_MODE="external"
+ *   BROWSER_PATH="/path/to/chrome"
+ *   BROWSER_USER_DATA_DIR="/path/to/profile"
+ */
+
+import { getResolvedBrowserConfig } from "@/config.js";
+
+/**
+ * Shell-escape a string value for safe eval.
+ */
+function shellEscape(value: string): string {
+  // Use double quotes and escape special characters
+  return `"${value.replace(/"/g, '\\"')}"`;
+}
+
+try {
+  const config = getResolvedBrowserConfig();
+
+  // Output in shell-eval format with proper quoting
+  console.log(`BROWSER_MODE=${shellEscape(config.mode)}`);
+  console.log(`BROWSER_PATH=${shellEscape(config.path || "")}`);
+  // Only output userDataDir if explicitly configured
+  console.log(`BROWSER_USER_DATA_DIR=${shellEscape(config.userDataDir || "")}`);
+} catch (err) {
+  // On error, fail with clear message (don't fall back to standalone)
+  console.error(`Error: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : err}`);
+  process.exit(1);
+}
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/scripts/memory-benchmark.ts b/skills/dev-browser/scripts/memory-benchmark.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb460d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/scripts/memory-benchmark.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env npx tsx
+/**
+ * Memory benchmark: Compare Playwright client vs HTTP-only client
+ *
+ * Measures heap memory usage for:
+ * 1. Baseline (no imports)
+ * 2. client-lite (HTTP-only, no Playwright)
+ * 3. Full Playwright import
+ *
+ * Run: npx tsx scripts/memory-benchmark.ts
+ */
+
+function formatBytes(bytes: number): string {
+  if (bytes < 1024) return `${bytes} B`;
+  if (bytes < 1024 * 1024) return `${(bytes / 1024).toFixed(1)} KB`;
+  return `${(bytes / (1024 * 1024)).toFixed(1)} MB`;
+}
+
+function getHeapUsed(): number {
+  global.gc?.(); // Force GC if available
+  return process.memoryUsage().heapUsed;
+}
+
+async function measureImport(name: string, importFn: () => Promise<unknown>): Promise<number> {
+  global.gc?.();
+  const before = getHeapUsed();
+  await importFn();
+  global.gc?.();
+  const after = getHeapUsed();
+  return after - before;
+}
+
+async function main() {
+  console.log("=== Memory Benchmark: client-lite vs Playwright ===\n");
+
+  // Check if GC is exposed
+  if (!global.gc) {
+    console.log("Note: Run with --expose-gc for accurate measurements");
+    console.log("Example: node --expose-gc --import tsx scripts/memory-benchmark.ts\n");
+  }
+
+  const baseline = getHeapUsed();
+  console.log(`Baseline heap: ${formatBytes(baseline)}\n`);
+
+  // Measure client-lite import (HTTP-only)
+  console.log("1. Importing client-lite (HTTP-only)...");
+  const clientLiteMemory = await measureImport("client-lite", async () => {
+    const { connectLite } = await import("../src/client-lite.js");
+    // Create client instance to ensure full initialization
+    const client = await connectLite("http://localhost:9222");
+    return client;
+  });
+  console.log(`   Memory added: ${formatBytes(clientLiteMemory)}`);
+
+  // Force new process measurement for Playwright to avoid module caching effects
+  console.log("\n2. Importing Playwright (full client)...");
+  const playwrightMemory = await measureImport("playwright", async () => {
+    const { chromium } = await import("playwright");
+    return chromium;
+  });
+  console.log(`   Memory added: ${formatBytes(playwrightMemory)}`);
+
+  // Calculate savings
+  console.log("\n=== Results ===");
+  console.log(`client-lite memory:  ${formatBytes(clientLiteMemory)}`);
+  console.log(`Playwright memory:   ${formatBytes(playwrightMemory)}`);
+
+  if (playwrightMemory > clientLiteMemory) {
+    const savings = playwrightMemory - clientLiteMemory;
+    const percentage = ((savings / playwrightMemory) * 100).toFixed(1);
+    console.log(`\nSavings: ${formatBytes(savings)} (${percentage}% reduction)`);
+  }
+
+  // Also measure full client.ts import for comparison
+  console.log("\n3. Importing full client.ts (with Playwright)...");
+  const fullClientMemory = await measureImport("client", async () => {
+    const { connect } = await import("../src/client.js");
+    return connect;
+  });
+  console.log(`   Memory added: ${formatBytes(fullClientMemory)}`);
+
+  console.log("\n=== Summary ===");
+  console.log("┌─────────────────────┬──────────────┐");
+  console.log("│ Import              │ Memory       │");
+  console.log("├─────────────────────┼──────────────┤");
+  console.log(`│ client-lite         │ ${formatBytes(clientLiteMemory).padStart(12)} │`);
+  console.log(`│ Playwright only     │ ${formatBytes(playwrightMemory).padStart(12)} │`);
+  console.log(`│ Full client.ts      │ ${formatBytes(fullClientMemory).padStart(12)} │`);
+  console.log("└─────────────────────┴──────────────┘");
+
+  // Per-agent impact
+  console.log("\n=== Per-Agent Impact (10 agents) ===");
+  const agents = 10;
+  console.log(`Full client (current):  ${formatBytes(fullClientMemory * agents)} total`);
+  console.log(`client-lite (new):      ${formatBytes(clientLiteMemory * agents)} total`);
+  if (fullClientMemory > clientLiteMemory) {
+    const totalSavings = (fullClientMemory - clientLiteMemory) * agents;
+    console.log(`Savings with 10 agents: ${formatBytes(totalSavings)}`);
+  }
+}
+
+main().catch(console.error);
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/scripts/start-external-browser.ts b/skills/dev-browser/scripts/start-external-browser.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d41e7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/scripts/start-external-browser.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/**
+ * Start dev-browser server connecting to an external browser via CDP.
+ *
+ * This mode is ideal for:
+ * - Chrome for Testing or other specific browser builds
+ * - Development workflows where you want the browser visible
+ * - Keeping the browser open after automation for manual inspection
+ * - Running multiple agents concurrently (each gets its own port automatically)
+ *
+ * Environment variables:
+ *   PORT         - HTTP API port (default: auto-assigned from 9222-9300)
+ *   CDP_PORT     - Browser's CDP port (default: 9223)
+ *   BROWSER_PATH - Path to browser executable (for auto-launch)
+ *   USER_DATA_DIR - Browser profile directory (default: ~/.dev-browser-profile)
+ *   AUTO_LAUNCH  - Whether to auto-launch browser if not running (default: true)
+ *
+ * Configuration file: ~/.dev-browser/config.json
+ *   {
+ *     "portRange": { "start": 9222, "end": 9300, "step": 2 },
+ *     "cdpPort": 9223
+ *   }
+ *
+ * Example with Chrome for Testing:
+ *   BROWSER_PATH="/Applications/Google Chrome for Testing.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome for Testing" \
+ *   npx tsx scripts/start-external-browser.ts
+ *
+ * Multi-agent usage:
+ *   # Terminal 1: First agent gets port 9222
+ *   npx tsx scripts/start-external-browser.ts
+ *   # Output: PORT=9222
+ *
+ *   # Terminal 2: Second agent gets port 9224
+ *   npx tsx scripts/start-external-browser.ts
+ *   # Output: PORT=9224
+ *
+ *   # Both agents share the same browser on CDP port 9223
+ */
+
+import { serveWithExternalBrowser } from "@/external-browser.js";
+import { mkdirSync } from "fs";
+import { join, dirname } from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+
+const __dirname = dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+const tmpDir = join(__dirname, "..", "tmp");
+
+// Create tmp directory if it doesn't exist
+mkdirSync(tmpDir, { recursive: true });
+
+// Configuration from environment (PORT is optional - will be auto-assigned)
+const port = process.env.PORT ? parseInt(process.env.PORT, 10) : undefined;
+const cdpPort = process.env.CDP_PORT ? parseInt(process.env.CDP_PORT, 10) : undefined;
+const browserPath = process.env.BROWSER_PATH;
+// Only pass userDataDir if explicitly set - let browser use default profile otherwise
+const userDataDir = process.env.USER_DATA_DIR || undefined;
+const autoLaunch = process.env.AUTO_LAUNCH !== "false";
+
+console.log("Starting dev-browser with external browser mode...");
+console.log(`  HTTP API port: ${port ?? "auto (dynamic)"}`);
+console.log(`  CDP port: ${cdpPort ?? "from config (default: 9223)"}`);
+if (browserPath) {
+  console.log(`  Browser path: ${browserPath}`);
+}
+console.log(`  User data dir: ${userDataDir ?? "(default profile)"}`);
+console.log(`  Auto-launch: ${autoLaunch}`);
+console.log(`  Config: ~/.dev-browser/config.json`);
+console.log("");
+
+const server = await serveWithExternalBrowser({
+  port,
+  cdpPort,
+  browserPath,
+  userDataDir,
+  autoLaunch,
+});
+
+console.log("");
+console.log(`Dev browser server started`);
+console.log(`  WebSocket: ${server.wsEndpoint}`);
+console.log(`  HTTP API: http://localhost:${server.port}`);
+console.log(`  Mode: ${server.mode}`);
+console.log(`  Tmp directory: ${tmpDir}`);
+console.log("");
+console.log("Ready");
+console.log("");
+console.log("Press Ctrl+C to stop (browser will remain open)");
+
+// Keep the process running
+await new Promise(() => {});
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/scripts/start-server.ts b/skills/dev-browser/scripts/start-server.ts
index e130a27..ccc2135 100644
--- a/skills/dev-browser/scripts/start-server.ts
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/scripts/start-server.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,31 @@
+/**
+ * Start dev-browser server in standalone mode (launches Playwright Chromium).
+ *
+ * This mode:
+ * - Launches a dedicated Playwright Chromium browser
+ * - Owns the browser lifecycle (closes when server stops)
+ * - Supports multiple concurrent agents via dynamic port allocation
+ *
+ * Environment variables:
+ *   PORT     - HTTP API port (default: auto-assigned from 9222-9300)
+ *   HEADLESS - Run browser in headless mode (default: false)
+ *
+ * Configuration file: ~/.dev-browser/config.json
+ *   {
+ *     "portRange": { "start": 9222, "end": 9300, "step": 2 },
+ *     "cdpPort": 9223
+ *   }
+ *
+ * Multi-agent usage:
+ *   # Terminal 1: First agent gets port 9222, launches browser
+ *   npx tsx scripts/start-server.ts
+ *   # Output: PORT=9222
+ *
+ *   # Terminal 2: Second agent gets port 9224, launches separate browser
+ *   npx tsx scripts/start-server.ts
+ *   # Output: PORT=9224
+ */
+
 import { serve } from "@/index.js";
 import { execSync } from "child_process";
 import { mkdirSync, existsSync, readdirSync } from "fs";
@@ -9,9 +37,7 @@ const tmpDir = join(__dirname, "..", "tmp");
 const profileDir = join(__dirname, "..", "profiles");
 
 // Create tmp and profile directories if they don't exist
-console.log("Creating tmp directory...");
 mkdirSync(tmpDir, { recursive: true });
-console.log("Creating profiles directory...");
 mkdirSync(profileDir, { recursive: true });
 
 // Install Playwright browsers if not already installed
@@ -72,46 +98,33 @@ try {
   console.log("You may need to run: npx playwright install chromium");
 }
 
-// Check if server is already running
-console.log("Checking for existing servers...");
-try {
-  const res = await fetch("http://localhost:9222", {
-    signal: AbortSignal.timeout(1000),
-  });
-  if (res.ok) {
-    console.log("Server already running on port 9222");
-    process.exit(0);
-  }
-} catch {
-  // Server not running, continue to start
-}
+// Configuration from environment (PORT is optional - will be auto-assigned)
+const port = process.env.PORT ? parseInt(process.env.PORT, 10) : undefined;
+const headless = process.env.HEADLESS === "true";
 
-// Clean up stale CDP port if HTTP server isn't running (crash recovery)
-// This handles the case where Node crashed but Chrome is still running on 9223
-try {
-  const pid = execSync("lsof -ti:9223", { encoding: "utf-8" }).trim();
-  if (pid) {
-    console.log(`Cleaning up stale Chrome process on CDP port 9223 (PID: ${pid})`);
-    execSync(`kill -9 ${pid}`);
-  }
-} catch {
-  // No process on CDP port, which is expected
-}
+console.log("");
+console.log("Starting dev browser server (standalone mode)...");
+console.log(`  HTTP API port: ${port ?? "auto (dynamic)"}`);
+console.log(`  Headless: ${headless}`);
+console.log(`  Config: ~/.dev-browser/config.json`);
+console.log("");
 
-console.log("Starting dev browser server...");
-const headless = process.env.HEADLESS === "true";
 const server = await serve({
-  port: 9222,
+  port,
   headless,
   profileDir,
 });
 
+console.log("");
 console.log(`Dev browser server started`);
 console.log(`  WebSocket: ${server.wsEndpoint}`);
+console.log(`  HTTP API: http://localhost:${server.port}`);
 console.log(`  Tmp directory: ${tmpDir}`);
 console.log(`  Profile directory: ${profileDir}`);
-console.log(`\nReady`);
-console.log(`\nPress Ctrl+C to stop`);
+console.log("");
+console.log("Ready");
+console.log("");
+console.log("Press Ctrl+C to stop");
 
 // Keep the process running
 await new Promise(() => {});
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/scripts/test-http-api.ts b/skills/dev-browser/scripts/test-http-api.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5a043de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/scripts/test-http-api.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env npx tsx
+/**
+ * Test script for HTTP-only API endpoints (Phase 2)
+ *
+ * Tests the new server endpoints that enable the lightweight client.
+ * Requires a dev-browser server running on port 9222.
+ */
+
+const SERVER_URL = process.env.SERVER_URL || "http://localhost:9222";
+
+async function jsonRequest<T>(path: string, options?: RequestInit): Promise<T> {
+  const res = await fetch(`${SERVER_URL}${path}`, {
+    ...options,
+    headers: {
+      "Content-Type": "application/json",
+      ...options?.headers,
+    },
+  });
+
+  const text = await res.text();
+  if (!res.ok) {
+    throw new Error(`HTTP ${res.status}: ${text}`);
+  }
+
+  return JSON.parse(text) as T;
+}
+
+async function main() {
+  console.log("=== Testing HTTP-only API endpoints ===\n");
+  console.log(`Server: ${SERVER_URL}`);
+
+  // Check server is running
+  try {
+    const info = await jsonRequest<{ wsEndpoint: string; mode?: string }>("/");
+    console.log(`Server mode: ${info.mode || "unknown"}`);
+    console.log(`WebSocket endpoint: ${info.wsEndpoint}\n`);
+  } catch (err) {
+    console.error("ERROR: Server not running or not reachable");
+    console.error(err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err));
+    process.exit(1);
+  }
+
+  const pageName = "test-http-api";
+
+  try {
+    // 1. Create page
+    console.log("1. Creating page...");
+    const pageInfo = await jsonRequest<{ name: string; targetId: string }>("/pages", {
+      method: "POST",
+      body: JSON.stringify({ name: pageName }),
+    });
+    console.log(`   Created page: ${pageInfo.name} (targetId: ${pageInfo.targetId.slice(0, 8)}...)`);
+
+    // 2. Navigate
+    console.log("2. Navigating to example.com...");
+    const navResult = await jsonRequest<{ url: string; title: string }>(`/pages/${pageName}/navigate`, {
+      method: "POST",
+      body: JSON.stringify({ url: "https://example.com" }),
+    });
+    console.log(`   URL: ${navResult.url}`);
+    console.log(`   Title: ${navResult.title}`);
+
+    // 3. Evaluate
+    console.log("3. Evaluating JavaScript...");
+    const evalResult = await jsonRequest<{ result: unknown }>(`/pages/${pageName}/evaluate`, {
+      method: "POST",
+      body: JSON.stringify({ expression: "document.title" }),
+    });
+    console.log(`   Result: ${evalResult.result}`);
+
+    // 4. Get snapshot
+    console.log("4. Getting AI snapshot...");
+    const snapshotResult = await jsonRequest<{ snapshot: string }>(`/pages/${pageName}/snapshot`);
+    const snapshotLines = snapshotResult.snapshot.split("\n");
+    console.log(`   Snapshot lines: ${snapshotLines.length}`);
+    console.log(`   First 3 lines:`);
+    snapshotLines.slice(0, 3).forEach(line => console.log(`     ${line}`));
+
+    // 5. Select ref (find a link)
+    console.log("5. Selecting ref from snapshot...");
+    const linkMatch = snapshotResult.snapshot.match(/\[ref=(e\d+)\]/);
+    if (linkMatch) {
+      const ref = linkMatch[1];
+      const refResult = await jsonRequest<{ found: boolean; tagName?: string }>(`/pages/${pageName}/select-ref`, {
+        method: "POST",
+        body: JSON.stringify({ ref }),
+      });
+      console.log(`   Ref ${ref}: found=${refResult.found}, tag=${refResult.tagName}`);
+    } else {
+      console.log("   No refs found in snapshot");
+    }
+
+    // 6. Clean up
+    console.log("6. Closing page...");
+    await jsonRequest(`/pages/${pageName}`, { method: "DELETE" });
+    console.log("   Page closed");
+
+    console.log("\n=== All tests passed! ===");
+  } catch (err) {
+    console.error("\nERROR:", err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err));
+    // Try to clean up
+    try {
+      await jsonRequest(`/pages/${pageName}`, { method: "DELETE" });
+    } catch {
+      // Ignore cleanup errors
+    }
+    process.exit(1);
+  }
+}
+
+main();
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/server.sh b/skills/dev-browser/server.sh
index 50369a4..238295f 100755
--- a/skills/dev-browser/server.sh
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/server.sh
@@ -8,17 +8,103 @@ cd "$SCRIPT_DIR"
 
 # Parse command line arguments
 HEADLESS=false
+FORCE_STANDALONE=false
 while [[ "$#" -gt 0 ]]; do
     case $1 in
         --headless) HEADLESS=true ;;
+        --standalone) FORCE_STANDALONE=true ;;
         *) echo "Unknown parameter: $1"; exit 1 ;;
     esac
     shift
 done
 
-echo "Installing dependencies..."
-npm install
+# Conditional npm install - only if node_modules missing or package-lock changed
+NEEDS_INSTALL=false
+HASH_FILE="$SCRIPT_DIR/.npm-install-hash"
 
-echo "Starting dev-browser server..."
-export HEADLESS=$HEADLESS
-npx tsx scripts/start-server.ts
+if [ ! -d "$SCRIPT_DIR/node_modules" ]; then
+    NEEDS_INSTALL=true
+elif [ -f "$SCRIPT_DIR/package-lock.json" ]; then
+    CURRENT_HASH=$(shasum "$SCRIPT_DIR/package-lock.json" 2>/dev/null | cut -d' ' -f1)
+    SAVED_HASH=$(cat "$HASH_FILE" 2>/dev/null || echo "")
+    if [ "$CURRENT_HASH" != "$SAVED_HASH" ]; then
+        NEEDS_INSTALL=true
+    fi
+fi
+
+if [ "$NEEDS_INSTALL" = true ]; then
+    echo "Installing dependencies..."
+    npm install --prefer-offline --no-audit --no-fund
+    # Save hash for next time
+    if [ -f "$SCRIPT_DIR/package-lock.json" ]; then
+        shasum "$SCRIPT_DIR/package-lock.json" | cut -d' ' -f1 > "$HASH_FILE"
+    fi
+else
+    echo "Dependencies up to date (skipping npm install)"
+fi
+
+# Build if dist doesn't exist (first run optimization)
+if [ ! -f "$SCRIPT_DIR/dist/start-server.js" ]; then
+    echo "Building TypeScript (first run)..."
+    npm run build
+fi
+
+# Get browser configuration from config file
+# Config is at ~/.dev-browser/config.json
+if [ "$FORCE_STANDALONE" = true ]; then
+    BROWSER_MODE="standalone"
+    BROWSER_PATH=""
+else
+    # Read config using TypeScript helper
+    CONFIG_OUTPUT=$(npx tsx scripts/get-browser-config.ts 2>&1)
+    CONFIG_EXIT=$?
+    if [ $CONFIG_EXIT -eq 0 ]; then
+        eval "$CONFIG_OUTPUT"
+    else
+        # Config read failed - show error and exit (don't fall back to standalone)
+        echo "Error: Failed to read browser configuration"
+        echo "$CONFIG_OUTPUT"
+        echo ""
+        echo "Set browser.path in ~/.dev-browser/config.json to your Chrome executable or app bundle."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+fi
+
+# Start the appropriate server mode
+if [ "$BROWSER_MODE" = "external" ] && [ -n "$BROWSER_PATH" ]; then
+    echo "Starting dev-browser server (External Browser mode)..."
+    echo "  Browser: $BROWSER_PATH"
+    echo "  Config: ~/.dev-browser/config.json"
+    echo "  Use --standalone flag to force standalone Playwright mode"
+    echo ""
+
+    export BROWSER_PATH
+    # Only export USER_DATA_DIR if explicitly configured (not empty)
+    if [ -n "$BROWSER_USER_DATA_DIR" ]; then
+        export USER_DATA_DIR="$BROWSER_USER_DATA_DIR"
+    fi
+    npx tsx scripts/start-external-browser.ts
+else
+    # Only reach here if --standalone was explicitly passed
+    if [ "$FORCE_STANDALONE" = true ]; then
+        echo "Starting dev-browser server (Standalone mode - forced)..."
+        echo "  WARNING: Using Playwright's bundled Chromium, not Chrome for Testing"
+        echo "  For consistent behavior, use Chrome for Testing instead"
+        echo ""
+
+        export HEADLESS=$HEADLESS
+        # Use pre-compiled JS for faster startup (~700ms savings)
+        if [ -f "$SCRIPT_DIR/dist/start-server.js" ]; then
+            node "$SCRIPT_DIR/dist/start-server.js"
+        else
+            # Fallback to tsx if build failed
+            npx tsx scripts/start-server.ts
+        fi
+    else
+        # Should not reach here - config should have failed earlier
+        echo "Error: No browser configured and standalone mode not forced"
+        echo ""
+        echo "Set browser.path in ~/.dev-browser/config.json to your Chrome executable or app bundle."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+fi
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/src/__tests__/client-lite.test.ts b/skills/dev-browser/src/__tests__/client-lite.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9cea29c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/src/__tests__/client-lite.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,401 @@
+/**
+ * Client-lite tests
+ *
+ * Tests the lightweight HTTP-only client.
+ * Mocks fetch to test client logic without requiring a running server.
+ */
+
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach, afterEach } from "vitest";
+import { connectLite, type DevBrowserLiteClient } from "../client-lite";
+import type {
+  GetPageResponse,
+  ListPagesResponse,
+  NavigateResponse,
+  EvaluateResponse,
+  SnapshotResponse,
+  SelectRefResponse,
+} from "../types";
+
+// Mock fetch globally
+const mockFetch = vi.fn();
+vi.stubGlobal("fetch", mockFetch);
+
+function mockJsonResponse<T>(data: T, status = 200): Response {
+  return {
+    ok: status >= 200 && status < 300,
+    status,
+    json: () => Promise.resolve(data),
+    text: () => Promise.resolve(JSON.stringify(data)),
+  } as Response;
+}
+
+function mockErrorResponse(message: string, status = 500): Response {
+  return {
+    ok: false,
+    status,
+    json: () => Promise.resolve({ error: message }),
+    text: () => Promise.resolve(message),
+  } as Response;
+}
+
+describe("connectLite", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    mockFetch.mockReset();
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks();
+  });
+
+  it("should return client interface", async () => {
+    const client = await connectLite("http://localhost:9222");
+
+    expect(client.page).toBeTypeOf("function");
+    expect(client.list).toBeTypeOf("function");
+    expect(client.close).toBeTypeOf("function");
+    expect(client.navigate).toBeTypeOf("function");
+    expect(client.evaluate).toBeTypeOf("function");
+    expect(client.getAISnapshot).toBeTypeOf("function");
+    expect(client.selectRef).toBeTypeOf("function");
+    expect(client.click).toBeTypeOf("function");
+    expect(client.fill).toBeTypeOf("function");
+    expect(client.getServerInfo).toBeTypeOf("function");
+    expect(client.disconnect).toBeTypeOf("function");
+  });
+
+  it("should use default server URL", async () => {
+    const client = await connectLite();
+    mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+      mockJsonResponse<ListPagesResponse>({ pages: [] })
+    );
+
+    await client.list();
+
+    expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      "http://localhost:9222/pages",
+      expect.any(Object)
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("should use custom server URL", async () => {
+    const client = await connectLite("http://localhost:9333");
+    mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+      mockJsonResponse<ListPagesResponse>({ pages: [] })
+    );
+
+    await client.list();
+
+    expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      "http://localhost:9333/pages",
+      expect.any(Object)
+    );
+  });
+});
+
+describe("DevBrowserLiteClient", () => {
+  let client: DevBrowserLiteClient;
+
+  beforeEach(async () => {
+    mockFetch.mockReset();
+    client = await connectLite("http://localhost:9222");
+  });
+
+  describe("page()", () => {
+    it("should create page via POST /pages", async () => {
+      const response: GetPageResponse = {
+        wsEndpoint: "ws://localhost:9222",
+        name: "test-page",
+        targetId: "target-123",
+        mode: "launch",
+      };
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockJsonResponse(response));
+
+      const result = await client.page("test-page");
+
+      expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        "http://localhost:9222/pages",
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          method: "POST",
+          body: JSON.stringify({ name: "test-page" }),
+        })
+      );
+      expect(result.name).toBe("test-page");
+      expect(result.targetId).toBe("target-123");
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("list()", () => {
+    it("should list pages via GET /pages", async () => {
+      const response: ListPagesResponse = { pages: ["page1", "page2"] };
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockJsonResponse(response));
+
+      const result = await client.list();
+
+      expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        "http://localhost:9222/pages",
+        expect.any(Object)
+      );
+      expect(result).toEqual(["page1", "page2"]);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("close()", () => {
+    it("should close page via DELETE /pages/:name", async () => {
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockJsonResponse({ success: true }));
+
+      await client.close("test-page");
+
+      expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        "http://localhost:9222/pages/test-page",
+        expect.objectContaining({ method: "DELETE" })
+      );
+    });
+
+    it("should encode special characters in page name", async () => {
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockJsonResponse({ success: true }));
+
+      await client.close("page with spaces");
+
+      expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        "http://localhost:9222/pages/page%20with%20spaces",
+        expect.any(Object)
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("navigate()", () => {
+    it("should navigate via POST /pages/:name/navigate", async () => {
+      const response: NavigateResponse = {
+        url: "https://example.com",
+        title: "Example Domain",
+      };
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockJsonResponse(response));
+
+      const result = await client.navigate("test-page", "https://example.com");
+
+      expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        "http://localhost:9222/pages/test-page/navigate",
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          method: "POST",
+          body: JSON.stringify({ url: "https://example.com", waitUntil: undefined }),
+        })
+      );
+      expect(result.url).toBe("https://example.com");
+      expect(result.title).toBe("Example Domain");
+    });
+
+    it("should pass waitUntil option", async () => {
+      const response: NavigateResponse = {
+        url: "https://example.com",
+        title: "Example",
+      };
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockJsonResponse(response));
+
+      await client.navigate("test-page", "https://example.com", "networkidle");
+
+      expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        expect.any(String),
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          body: JSON.stringify({ url: "https://example.com", waitUntil: "networkidle" }),
+        })
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("evaluate()", () => {
+    it("should evaluate via POST /pages/:name/evaluate", async () => {
+      const response: EvaluateResponse = { result: "Example Domain" };
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockJsonResponse(response));
+
+      const result = await client.evaluate("test-page", "document.title");
+
+      expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        "http://localhost:9222/pages/test-page/evaluate",
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          method: "POST",
+          body: JSON.stringify({ expression: "document.title" }),
+        })
+      );
+      expect(result).toBe("Example Domain");
+    });
+
+    it("should throw on evaluation error", async () => {
+      const response: EvaluateResponse = {
+        result: null,
+        error: "ReferenceError: foo is not defined",
+      };
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockJsonResponse(response));
+
+      await expect(client.evaluate("test-page", "foo")).rejects.toThrow(
+        "ReferenceError: foo is not defined"
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("getAISnapshot()", () => {
+    it("should get snapshot via GET /pages/:name/snapshot", async () => {
+      const response: SnapshotResponse = {
+        snapshot: "- document\n  - heading [ref=e1] 'Example'",
+      };
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockJsonResponse(response));
+
+      const result = await client.getAISnapshot("test-page");
+
+      expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        "http://localhost:9222/pages/test-page/snapshot",
+        expect.any(Object)
+      );
+      expect(result).toContain("heading");
+      expect(result).toContain("ref=e1");
+    });
+
+    it("should throw on snapshot error", async () => {
+      const response: SnapshotResponse = {
+        snapshot: "",
+        error: "Page not loaded",
+      };
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockJsonResponse(response));
+
+      await expect(client.getAISnapshot("test-page")).rejects.toThrow("Page not loaded");
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("selectRef()", () => {
+    it("should select ref via POST /pages/:name/select-ref", async () => {
+      const response: SelectRefResponse = {
+        found: true,
+        tagName: "A",
+        textContent: "More information...",
+      };
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockJsonResponse(response));
+
+      const result = await client.selectRef("test-page", "e123");
+
+      expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        "http://localhost:9222/pages/test-page/select-ref",
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          method: "POST",
+          body: JSON.stringify({ ref: "e123" }),
+        })
+      );
+      expect(result.found).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.tagName).toBe("A");
+    });
+
+    it("should handle ref not found", async () => {
+      const response: SelectRefResponse = { found: false };
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockJsonResponse(response));
+
+      const result = await client.selectRef("test-page", "e999");
+
+      expect(result.found).toBe(false);
+      expect(result.tagName).toBeUndefined();
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("click()", () => {
+    it("should click via POST /pages/:name/click", async () => {
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockJsonResponse({ success: true }));
+
+      await client.click("test-page", "e123");
+
+      expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        "http://localhost:9222/pages/test-page/click",
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          method: "POST",
+          body: JSON.stringify({ ref: "e123" }),
+        })
+      );
+    });
+
+    it("should throw on click error", async () => {
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        mockJsonResponse({ error: 'Ref "e999" not found' })
+      );
+
+      await expect(client.click("test-page", "e999")).rejects.toThrow(
+        'Ref "e999" not found'
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("fill()", () => {
+    it("should fill via POST /pages/:name/fill", async () => {
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockJsonResponse({ success: true }));
+
+      await client.fill("test-page", "e123", "test value");
+
+      expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        "http://localhost:9222/pages/test-page/fill",
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          method: "POST",
+          body: JSON.stringify({ ref: "e123", value: "test value" }),
+        })
+      );
+    });
+
+    it("should throw on fill error", async () => {
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        mockJsonResponse({ error: "Element is not fillable" })
+      );
+
+      await expect(client.fill("test-page", "e123", "value")).rejects.toThrow(
+        "Element is not fillable"
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("getServerInfo()", () => {
+    it("should get server info via GET /", async () => {
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        mockJsonResponse({
+          wsEndpoint: "ws://localhost:9222",
+          mode: "extension",
+          extensionConnected: true,
+        })
+      );
+
+      const result = await client.getServerInfo();
+
+      expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        "http://localhost:9222/",
+        expect.any(Object)
+      );
+      expect(result.wsEndpoint).toBe("ws://localhost:9222");
+      expect(result.mode).toBe("extension");
+      expect(result.extensionConnected).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    it("should default to launch mode", async () => {
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        mockJsonResponse({ wsEndpoint: "ws://localhost:9222" })
+      );
+
+      const result = await client.getServerInfo();
+
+      expect(result.mode).toBe("launch");
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("disconnect()", () => {
+    it("should be a no-op for HTTP client", async () => {
+      // disconnect() should not throw and not make any HTTP requests
+      await expect(client.disconnect()).resolves.toBeUndefined();
+      expect(mockFetch).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("error handling", () => {
+    it("should throw on HTTP error response", async () => {
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockErrorResponse("page not found", 404));
+
+      await expect(client.list()).rejects.toThrow("HTTP 404");
+    });
+
+    it("should throw on network error", async () => {
+      mockFetch.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error("ECONNREFUSED"));
+
+      await expect(client.list()).rejects.toThrow("ECONNREFUSED");
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/src/__tests__/http-api.test.ts b/skills/dev-browser/src/__tests__/http-api.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aa0b2ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/src/__tests__/http-api.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+/**
+ * HTTP API endpoint tests
+ *
+ * Tests the server-side HTTP endpoints that power client-lite.
+ * Uses mocked express request/response to test endpoint logic in isolation.
+ */
+
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from "vitest";
+import type { Request, Response } from "express";
+import type {
+  GetPageRequest,
+  GetPageResponse,
+  ListPagesResponse,
+  EvaluateRequest,
+  NavigateRequest,
+  SelectRefRequest,
+} from "../types";
+
+// Mock page registry for testing endpoint logic
+interface MockPageEntry {
+  name: string;
+  targetId: string;
+  url: string;
+  title: string;
+}
+
+function createMockRegistry() {
+  const pages = new Map<string, MockPageEntry>();
+  return {
+    pages,
+    get: (name: string) => pages.get(name),
+    set: (name: string, entry: MockPageEntry) => pages.set(name, entry),
+    delete: (name: string) => pages.delete(name),
+    keys: () => pages.keys(),
+  };
+}
+
+function mockResponse() {
+  const res = {
+    statusCode: 200,
+    body: null as unknown,
+    status: vi.fn((code: number) => {
+      res.statusCode = code;
+      return res;
+    }),
+    json: vi.fn((data: unknown) => {
+      res.body = data;
+      return res;
+    }),
+  };
+  return res as unknown as Response & { statusCode: number; body: unknown };
+}
+
+describe("HTTP API Types", () => {
+  describe("GetPageRequest", () => {
+    it("should require name field", () => {
+      const valid: GetPageRequest = { name: "test-page" };
+      expect(valid.name).toBe("test-page");
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("GetPageResponse", () => {
+    it("should include all required fields", () => {
+      const response: GetPageResponse = {
+        wsEndpoint: "ws://localhost:9222",
+        name: "test-page",
+        targetId: "ABC123",
+        mode: "launch",
+      };
+      expect(response.wsEndpoint).toBeDefined();
+      expect(response.name).toBeDefined();
+      expect(response.targetId).toBeDefined();
+      expect(response.mode).toBe("launch");
+    });
+
+    it("should support extension mode", () => {
+      const response: GetPageResponse = {
+        wsEndpoint: "ws://localhost:9222",
+        name: "test-page",
+        targetId: "ABC123",
+        mode: "extension",
+      };
+      expect(response.mode).toBe("extension");
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("ListPagesResponse", () => {
+    it("should return array of page names", () => {
+      const response: ListPagesResponse = {
+        pages: ["page1", "page2", "page3"],
+      };
+      expect(response.pages).toHaveLength(3);
+      expect(response.pages).toContain("page1");
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+describe("Request Validation Logic", () => {
+  describe("POST /pages validation", () => {
+    it("should reject missing name", () => {
+      const body = {} as GetPageRequest;
+      const isValid = body.name && typeof body.name === "string";
+      expect(isValid).toBeFalsy();
+    });
+
+    it("should reject non-string name", () => {
+      const body = { name: 123 } as unknown as GetPageRequest;
+      const isValid = body.name && typeof body.name === "string";
+      expect(isValid).toBeFalsy();
+    });
+
+    it("should reject empty name", () => {
+      const body: GetPageRequest = { name: "" };
+      const isValid = body.name.length > 0;
+      expect(isValid).toBeFalsy();
+    });
+
+    it("should reject name over 256 chars", () => {
+      const body: GetPageRequest = { name: "a".repeat(257) };
+      const isValid = body.name.length <= 256;
+      expect(isValid).toBeFalsy();
+    });
+
+    it("should accept valid name", () => {
+      const body: GetPageRequest = { name: "my-test-page" };
+      const isValid = body.name && typeof body.name === "string" && body.name.length > 0 && body.name.length <= 256;
+      expect(isValid).toBeTruthy();
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("POST /pages/:name/navigate validation", () => {
+    it("should reject missing url", () => {
+      const body = {} as NavigateRequest;
+      const isValid = !!body.url;
+      expect(isValid).toBeFalsy();
+    });
+
+    it("should accept valid url with default waitUntil", () => {
+      const body: NavigateRequest = { url: "https://example.com" };
+      expect(body.url).toBeDefined();
+      expect(body.waitUntil).toBeUndefined();
+    });
+
+    it("should accept valid waitUntil options", () => {
+      const options: NavigateRequest["waitUntil"][] = ["load", "domcontentloaded", "networkidle"];
+      options.forEach((opt) => {
+        const body: NavigateRequest = { url: "https://example.com", waitUntil: opt };
+        expect(body.waitUntil).toBe(opt);
+      });
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("POST /pages/:name/evaluate validation", () => {
+    it("should reject missing expression", () => {
+      const body = {} as EvaluateRequest;
+      const isValid = !!body.expression;
+      expect(isValid).toBeFalsy();
+    });
+
+    it("should accept valid expression", () => {
+      const body: EvaluateRequest = { expression: "document.title" };
+      expect(body.expression).toBeDefined();
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("POST /pages/:name/select-ref validation", () => {
+    it("should reject missing ref", () => {
+      const body = {} as SelectRefRequest;
+      const isValid = !!body.ref;
+      expect(isValid).toBeFalsy();
+    });
+
+    it("should accept valid ref", () => {
+      const body: SelectRefRequest = { ref: "e123" };
+      expect(body.ref).toBeDefined();
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+describe("Page Registry Logic", () => {
+  let registry: ReturnType<typeof createMockRegistry>;
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    registry = createMockRegistry();
+  });
+
+  it("should create new page if not exists", () => {
+    const name = "new-page";
+    expect(registry.get(name)).toBeUndefined();
+
+    registry.set(name, {
+      name,
+      targetId: "target-123",
+      url: "about:blank",
+      title: "",
+    });
+
+    expect(registry.get(name)).toBeDefined();
+    expect(registry.get(name)?.targetId).toBe("target-123");
+  });
+
+  it("should return existing page if exists", () => {
+    const name = "existing-page";
+    registry.set(name, {
+      name,
+      targetId: "target-456",
+      url: "https://example.com",
+      title: "Example",
+    });
+
+    const entry = registry.get(name);
+    expect(entry?.targetId).toBe("target-456");
+  });
+
+  it("should delete page from registry", () => {
+    const name = "to-delete";
+    registry.set(name, {
+      name,
+      targetId: "target-789",
+      url: "about:blank",
+      title: "",
+    });
+
+    expect(registry.get(name)).toBeDefined();
+    registry.delete(name);
+    expect(registry.get(name)).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it("should list all page names", () => {
+    registry.set("page1", { name: "page1", targetId: "t1", url: "", title: "" });
+    registry.set("page2", { name: "page2", targetId: "t2", url: "", title: "" });
+    registry.set("page3", { name: "page3", targetId: "t3", url: "", title: "" });
+
+    const names = Array.from(registry.keys());
+    expect(names).toHaveLength(3);
+    expect(names).toContain("page1");
+    expect(names).toContain("page2");
+    expect(names).toContain("page3");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("URL Encoding", () => {
+  it("should handle special characters in page names", () => {
+    const specialNames = [
+      "page with spaces",
+      "page/with/slashes",
+      "page?with=query",
+      "page#with#hash",
+      "unicode-页面",
+    ];
+
+    specialNames.forEach((name) => {
+      const encoded = encodeURIComponent(name);
+      const decoded = decodeURIComponent(encoded);
+      expect(decoded).toBe(name);
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/src/client-lite.ts b/skills/dev-browser/src/client-lite.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6502486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/src/client-lite.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+/**
+ * Lightweight HTTP-only client for dev-browser.
+ *
+ * This client uses only HTTP requests to communicate with the server,
+ * eliminating the need for Playwright dependency on the client side.
+ * All page operations (navigate, evaluate, snapshot, click, fill) are
+ * handled server-side via HTTP endpoints.
+ *
+ * Port Discovery:
+ * The client discovers the server port in this order:
+ * 1. DEV_BROWSER_PORT environment variable (explicit)
+ * 2. tmp/port file in skill directory (same session)
+ * 3. Most recent server from ~/.dev-browser/active-servers.json
+ * 4. Default port 19222 as last resort
+ *
+ * Benefits:
+ * - No Playwright dependency (~170MB savings per agent)
+ * - Simpler client implementation
+ * - Single CDP connection on server (shared across all clients)
+ * - Faster client startup (no heavy imports)
+ */
+
+import type {
+  GetPageRequest,
+  GetPageResponse,
+  ListPagesResponse,
+  ServerInfoResponse,
+  EvaluateResponse,
+  SnapshotResponse,
+  NavigateResponse,
+  SelectRefResponse,
+  ScreenshotResponse,
+  SetViewportResponse,
+  WaitForSelectorResponse,
+  PageInfoResponse,
+} from "./types";
+import { readPortFile, getMostRecentServer } from "./config.js";
+import { dirname, join } from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+
+const __dirname = dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+const SKILL_DIR = join(__dirname, "..");
+const DEFAULT_PORT = 19222;
+
+/**
+ * Discover the server port using the following priority:
+ * 1. DEV_BROWSER_PORT environment variable
+ * 2. tmp/port file in skill directory
+ * 3. Most recent server from active-servers.json
+ * 4. Default port as last resort
+ */
+function discoverPort(): number {
+  // 1. Check environment variable
+  const envPort = process.env.DEV_BROWSER_PORT;
+  if (envPort) {
+    const port = parseInt(envPort, 10);
+    if (!isNaN(port)) {
+      return port;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // 2. Check tmp/port file
+  const filePort = readPortFile(SKILL_DIR);
+  if (filePort !== null) {
+    return filePort;
+  }
+
+  // 3. Check active-servers.json for most recent server
+  const recentServer = getMostRecentServer();
+  if (recentServer) {
+    return recentServer.port;
+  }
+
+  // 4. Fall back to default
+  return DEFAULT_PORT;
+}
+
+/** Server mode information */
+export interface ServerInfo {
+  wsEndpoint: string;
+  mode: "launch" | "extension";
+  extensionConnected?: boolean;
+}
+
+export interface DevBrowserLiteClient {
+  /**
+   * Get or create a page by name.
+   * Returns page info without requiring client-side CDP connection.
+   */
+  page: (name: string) => Promise<{ name: string; targetId: string }>;
+
+  /** List all page names */
+  list: () => Promise<string[]>;
+
+  /** Close a page by name */
+  close: (name: string) => Promise<void>;
+
+  /** Navigate a page to a URL */
+  navigate: (name: string, url: string, waitUntil?: "load" | "domcontentloaded" | "networkidle") => Promise<NavigateResponse>;
+
+  /** Evaluate JavaScript on a page */
+  evaluate: (name: string, expression: string) => Promise<unknown>;
+
+  /** Get AI-friendly ARIA snapshot of a page */
+  getAISnapshot: (name: string) => Promise<string>;
+
+  /** Get element info by ref from last snapshot */
+  selectRef: (name: string, ref: string) => Promise<SelectRefResponse>;
+
+  /** Click on element by ref */
+  click: (name: string, ref: string) => Promise<void>;
+
+  /** Fill input by ref */
+  fill: (name: string, ref: string, value: string) => Promise<void>;
+
+  /** Take screenshot of page or element */
+  screenshot: (name: string, options?: { fullPage?: boolean; selector?: string }) => Promise<{ screenshot: string; mimeType: string }>;
+
+  /** Set viewport size */
+  setViewportSize: (name: string, width: number, height: number) => Promise<void>;
+
+  /** Wait for selector to appear */
+  waitForSelector: (name: string, selector: string, options?: { timeout?: number; state?: "attached" | "detached" | "visible" | "hidden" }) => Promise<void>;
+
+  /** Get page URL and title */
+  getInfo: (name: string) => Promise<{ url: string; title: string }>;
+
+  /** Get server information */
+  getServerInfo: () => Promise<ServerInfo>;
+
+  /** Disconnect (no-op for HTTP client, but maintains API compatibility) */
+  disconnect: () => Promise<void>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Connect to a dev-browser server using HTTP-only protocol.
+ * This lightweight client doesn't require Playwright.
+ *
+ * @param serverUrl - Optional server URL. If not provided, port is auto-discovered.
+ */
+export async function connectLite(serverUrl?: string): Promise<DevBrowserLiteClient> {
+  // Auto-discover port if no URL provided
+  if (!serverUrl) {
+    const port = discoverPort();
+    serverUrl = `http://localhost:${port}`;
+  }
+  // Helper for JSON requests
+  async function jsonRequest<T>(path: string, options?: RequestInit): Promise<T> {
+    const res = await fetch(`${serverUrl}${path}`, {
+      ...options,
+      headers: {
+        "Content-Type": "application/json",
+        ...options?.headers,
+      },
+    });
+
+    if (!res.ok) {
+      const error = await res.text();
+      throw new Error(`HTTP ${res.status}: ${error}`);
+    }
+
+    return res.json() as Promise<T>;
+  }
+
+  return {
+    async page(name: string) {
+      const result = await jsonRequest<GetPageResponse>("/pages", {
+        method: "POST",
+        body: JSON.stringify({ name } satisfies GetPageRequest),
+      });
+      return { name: result.name, targetId: result.targetId };
+    },
+
+    async list() {
+      const result = await jsonRequest<ListPagesResponse>("/pages");
+      return result.pages;
+    },
+
+    async close(name: string) {
+      await jsonRequest(`/pages/${encodeURIComponent(name)}`, {
+        method: "DELETE",
+      });
+    },
+
+    async navigate(name: string, url: string, waitUntil?: "load" | "domcontentloaded" | "networkidle") {
+      return jsonRequest<NavigateResponse>(`/pages/${encodeURIComponent(name)}/navigate`, {
+        method: "POST",
+        body: JSON.stringify({ url, waitUntil }),
+      });
+    },
+
+    async evaluate(name: string, expression: string) {
+      const result = await jsonRequest<EvaluateResponse>(`/pages/${encodeURIComponent(name)}/evaluate`, {
+        method: "POST",
+        body: JSON.stringify({ expression }),
+      });
+      if (result.error) {
+        throw new Error(result.error);
+      }
+      return result.result;
+    },
+
+    async getAISnapshot(name: string) {
+      const result = await jsonRequest<SnapshotResponse>(`/pages/${encodeURIComponent(name)}/snapshot`);
+      if (result.error) {
+        throw new Error(result.error);
+      }
+      return result.snapshot;
+    },
+
+    async selectRef(name: string, ref: string) {
+      return jsonRequest<SelectRefResponse>(`/pages/${encodeURIComponent(name)}/select-ref`, {
+        method: "POST",
+        body: JSON.stringify({ ref }),
+      });
+    },
+
+    async click(name: string, ref: string) {
+      const result = await jsonRequest<{ success?: boolean; error?: string }>(`/pages/${encodeURIComponent(name)}/click`, {
+        method: "POST",
+        body: JSON.stringify({ ref }),
+      });
+      if (result.error) {
+        throw new Error(result.error);
+      }
+    },
+
+    async fill(name: string, ref: string, value: string) {
+      const result = await jsonRequest<{ success?: boolean; error?: string }>(`/pages/${encodeURIComponent(name)}/fill`, {
+        method: "POST",
+        body: JSON.stringify({ ref, value }),
+      });
+      if (result.error) {
+        throw new Error(result.error);
+      }
+    },
+
+    async screenshot(name: string, options?: { fullPage?: boolean; selector?: string }) {
+      const result = await jsonRequest<ScreenshotResponse>(`/pages/${encodeURIComponent(name)}/screenshot`, {
+        method: "POST",
+        body: JSON.stringify(options ?? {}),
+      });
+      if (result.error) {
+        throw new Error(result.error);
+      }
+      return { screenshot: result.screenshot, mimeType: result.mimeType };
+    },
+
+    async setViewportSize(name: string, width: number, height: number) {
+      const result = await jsonRequest<SetViewportResponse>(`/pages/${encodeURIComponent(name)}/set-viewport`, {
+        method: "POST",
+        body: JSON.stringify({ width, height }),
+      });
+      if (result.error) {
+        throw new Error(result.error);
+      }
+    },
+
+    async waitForSelector(name: string, selector: string, options?: { timeout?: number; state?: "attached" | "detached" | "visible" | "hidden" }) {
+      const result = await jsonRequest<WaitForSelectorResponse>(`/pages/${encodeURIComponent(name)}/wait-for-selector`, {
+        method: "POST",
+        body: JSON.stringify({ selector, ...options }),
+      });
+      if (result.error) {
+        throw new Error(result.error);
+      }
+    },
+
+    async getInfo(name: string) {
+      const result = await jsonRequest<PageInfoResponse>(`/pages/${encodeURIComponent(name)}/info`);
+      if (result.error) {
+        throw new Error(result.error);
+      }
+      return { url: result.url, title: result.title };
+    },
+
+    async getServerInfo() {
+      const info = await jsonRequest<ServerInfoResponse & { mode?: string; extensionConnected?: boolean }>("/");
+      return {
+        wsEndpoint: info.wsEndpoint,
+        mode: (info.mode as "launch" | "extension") ?? "launch",
+        extensionConnected: info.extensionConnected,
+      };
+    },
+
+    async disconnect() {
+      // No-op for HTTP client - no persistent connection to close
+    },
+  };
+}
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/src/client.ts b/skills/dev-browser/src/client.ts
index 4f2c03a..67fbe65 100644
--- a/skills/dev-browser/src/client.ts
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/src/client.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,21 @@
+/**
+ * @deprecated Use client-lite.ts instead for HTTP-only client without Playwright dependency.
+ *
+ * This client requires Playwright on the client side (~12MB+ memory overhead per agent).
+ * The new client-lite.ts uses pure HTTP and has only 30KB memory overhead.
+ *
+ * Migration guide:
+ * - Replace: import { connect } from "@/client.js"
+ * - With:    import { connectLite } from "@/client-lite.js"
+ * - Replace: const page = await client.page("name")
+ * - With:    await client.page("name") // returns { name, targetId }, not a Playwright Page
+ * - Replace: await page.goto(url)
+ * - With:    await client.navigate("name", url)
+ * - Replace: await page.screenshot({ path })
+ * - With:    const { screenshot } = await client.screenshot("name")
+ *
+ * See SKILL.md for full client-lite API documentation.
+ */
 import { chromium, type Browser, type Page, type ElementHandle } from "playwright";
 import type {
   GetPageRequest,
@@ -240,6 +258,9 @@ export async function connect(serverUrl = "http://localhost:9222"): Promise<DevB
   let wsEndpoint: string | null = null;
   let connectingPromise: Promise<Browser> | null = null;
 
+  // Page registry for O(1) lookup by targetId - avoids expensive CDP session per page scan
+  const pageRegistry = new Map<string, Page>();
+
   async function ensureConnected(): Promise<Browser> {
     // Return existing connection if still active
     if (browser && browser.isConnected()) {
@@ -251,6 +272,9 @@ export async function connect(serverUrl = "http://localhost:9222"): Promise<DevB
       return connectingPromise;
     }
 
+    // Clear page registry on reconnect - stale references won't work
+    pageRegistry.clear();
+
     // Start new connection with mutex
     connectingPromise = (async () => {
       try {
@@ -273,14 +297,30 @@ export async function connect(serverUrl = "http://localhost:9222"): Promise<DevB
     return connectingPromise;
   }
 
-  // Find page by CDP targetId - more reliable than JS globals
+  // Find page by CDP targetId - uses O(1) registry lookup with fallback to CDP scan
   async function findPageByTargetId(b: Browser, targetId: string): Promise<Page | null> {
+    // Fast path: O(1) registry lookup
+    const cached = pageRegistry.get(targetId);
+    if (cached && !cached.isClosed()) {
+      return cached;
+    }
+
+    // Remove stale entry if page was closed
+    if (cached) {
+      pageRegistry.delete(targetId);
+    }
+
+    // Slow path: scan all pages via CDP (only needed on first access or after page close)
     for (const context of b.contexts()) {
       for (const page of context.pages()) {
         let cdpSession;
         try {
           cdpSession = await context.newCDPSession(page);
           const { targetInfo } = await cdpSession.send("Target.getTargetInfo");
+
+          // Cache this page for future O(1) lookups
+          pageRegistry.set(targetInfo.targetId, page);
+
           if (targetInfo.targetId === targetId) {
             return page;
           }
@@ -318,15 +358,13 @@ export async function connect(serverUrl = "http://localhost:9222"): Promise<DevB
     }
 
     const pageInfo = (await res.json()) as GetPageResponse & { url?: string };
-    const { targetId } = pageInfo;
+    const { targetId, mode } = pageInfo;
 
     // Connect to browser
     const b = await ensureConnected();
 
-    // Check if we're in extension mode
-    const infoRes = await fetch(serverUrl);
-    const info = (await infoRes.json()) as { mode?: string };
-    const isExtensionMode = info.mode === "extension";
+    // Mode is now included in response - no extra HTTP request needed
+    const isExtensionMode = mode === "extension";
 
     if (isExtensionMode) {
       // In extension mode, DON'T use findPageByTargetId as it corrupts page state
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/src/config.ts b/skills/dev-browser/src/config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ccfb40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/src/config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,612 @@
+/**
+ * Port management for multi-agent concurrency support.
+ *
+ * When multiple Claude Code agents (or other automation tools) run dev-browser
+ * concurrently, each needs its own HTTP API server port while potentially
+ * sharing the same browser instance.
+ *
+ * This module provides:
+ * - Dynamic port allocation to avoid conflicts
+ * - Server tracking for coordination
+ * - Orphaned browser detection and cleanup (crash recovery)
+ * - Config file support for preferences
+ * - PORT=XXXX output for agent discovery
+ *
+ * @see https://github.com/SawyerHood/dev-browser/pull/15#issuecomment-3698722432
+ */
+
+import { createServer } from "net";
+import { execSync } from "child_process";
+import { mkdirSync, existsSync, readFileSync, writeFileSync } from "fs";
+import { join } from "path";
+
+/**
+ * Browser mode selection.
+ * - "auto": Detect Chrome for Testing, fall back to standalone (default)
+ * - "external": Always use external browser via CDP (fail if not found)
+ * - "standalone": Always use Playwright's built-in Chromium
+ */
+export type BrowserMode = "auto" | "external" | "standalone";
+
+/**
+ * Browser configuration for dev-browser.
+ */
+export interface BrowserConfig {
+  /**
+   * Browser mode selection (default: "auto")
+   * - "auto": Detect Chrome for Testing, fall back to standalone
+   * - "external": Always use external browser via CDP
+   * - "standalone": Always use Playwright's built-in Chromium
+   */
+  mode: BrowserMode;
+  /**
+   * Path to browser executable or app bundle for external mode.
+   * If not set, uses platform-specific defaults.
+   *
+   * On macOS, if the path ends with .app (an app bundle), dev-browser
+   * automatically uses `open -a` for proper Dock icon integration.
+   * The app should handle CDP flags internally.
+   *
+   * Examples:
+   * - macOS app bundle: /Applications/Chrome for Testing.app
+   * - macOS binary: ~/.local/apps/Google Chrome for Testing.app/.../Google Chrome for Testing
+   * - Linux: /opt/google/chrome-for-testing/chrome
+   * - Windows: C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome for Testing\Application\chrome.exe
+   */
+  path?: string;
+  /**
+   * User data directory for browser profile.
+   * Default: ~/.dev-browser-profile
+   */
+  userDataDir?: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Configuration for dev-browser multi-agent support.
+ */
+export interface DevBrowserConfig {
+  /**
+   * Port range for HTTP API servers.
+   * Each concurrent agent gets a port from this range.
+   */
+  portRange: {
+    /** First port to try (default: 9222) */
+    start: number;
+    /** Last port to try (default: 9300) */
+    end: number;
+    /** Port increment - use 2 to avoid CDP port collision (default: 2) */
+    step: number;
+  };
+  /** CDP port for external browser mode (default: 9223) */
+  cdpPort: number;
+  /** Browser configuration */
+  browser: BrowserConfig;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Information about a registered server.
+ */
+export interface ServerInfo {
+  /** Process ID of the server */
+  pid: number;
+  /** CDP port the server's browser is using (for orphan detection) */
+  cdpPort?: number;
+  /** Browser process ID (for standalone mode cleanup) */
+  browserPid?: number;
+  /** Server mode: 'standalone' owns browser, 'external' connects to shared browser */
+  mode: "standalone" | "external";
+  /** Timestamp when server was registered */
+  startedAt: string;
+}
+
+const CONFIG_DIR = join(process.env.HOME || "", ".dev-browser");
+const CONFIG_FILE = join(CONFIG_DIR, "config.json");
+const SERVERS_FILE = join(CONFIG_DIR, "active-servers.json");
+
+/**
+ * Get platform-specific default browser path for Chrome for Testing.
+ */
+function getDefaultBrowserPath(): string | undefined {
+  const platform = process.platform;
+  const homeDir = process.env.HOME || "";
+
+  if (platform === "darwin") {
+    // macOS: Check standard installation path
+    const macPath = "/Applications/Google Chrome for Testing.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome for Testing";
+    if (existsSync(macPath)) {
+      return macPath;
+    }
+  } else if (platform === "linux") {
+    // Linux: Check common installation paths
+    const linuxPaths = [
+      "/opt/google/chrome-for-testing/chrome",
+      "/usr/bin/google-chrome-for-testing",
+      "/usr/local/bin/chrome-for-testing",
+    ];
+    for (const path of linuxPaths) {
+      if (existsSync(path)) {
+        return path;
+      }
+    }
+  } else if (platform === "win32") {
+    // Windows: Check standard installation path
+    const winPath = "C:\\Program Files\\Google\\Chrome for Testing\\Application\\chrome.exe";
+    if (existsSync(winPath)) {
+      return winPath;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return undefined;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Default configuration values.
+ */
+const DEFAULT_CONFIG: DevBrowserConfig = {
+  portRange: {
+    start: 19222, // High port range to avoid Chrome CDP port conflicts (9222-9223)
+    end: 19300,
+    step: 2, // Skip odd ports to avoid CDP port collision
+  },
+  cdpPort: 9223,
+  browser: {
+    mode: "auto",
+    // userDataDir intentionally not set - let browser use its default profile
+    // unless user explicitly configures it in ~/.dev-browser/config.json
+  },
+};
+
+/**
+ * Load configuration from ~/.dev-browser/config.json with defaults.
+ * Merges user config with defaults and resolves platform-specific browser paths.
+ */
+export function loadConfig(): DevBrowserConfig {
+  let config = { ...DEFAULT_CONFIG };
+
+  try {
+    if (existsSync(CONFIG_FILE)) {
+      const content = readFileSync(CONFIG_FILE, "utf-8");
+      const userConfig = JSON.parse(content);
+      config = {
+        ...DEFAULT_CONFIG,
+        ...userConfig,
+        portRange: {
+          ...DEFAULT_CONFIG.portRange,
+          ...(userConfig.portRange || {}),
+        },
+        browser: {
+          ...DEFAULT_CONFIG.browser,
+          ...(userConfig.browser || {}),
+        },
+      };
+    }
+  } catch (err) {
+    console.warn(`Warning: Could not load config from ${CONFIG_FILE}:`, err);
+  }
+
+  // Resolve browser path: user config > auto-detection > undefined
+  if (!config.browser.path) {
+    config.browser.path = getDefaultBrowserPath();
+  } else {
+    // Validate user-specified path exists
+    if (!existsSync(config.browser.path)) {
+      console.warn(
+        `Warning: Configured browser path does not exist: ${config.browser.path}\n` +
+        `Falling back to auto-detection...`
+      );
+      config.browser.path = getDefaultBrowserPath();
+    }
+  }
+
+  return config;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get resolved browser configuration for use by server scripts.
+ * Returns the effective browser mode and path based on config and detection.
+ */
+export function getResolvedBrowserConfig(): {
+  mode: "external" | "standalone";
+  path?: string;
+  userDataDir?: string;
+} {
+  const config = loadConfig();
+  const { browser } = config;
+
+  // Determine effective mode
+  // IMPORTANT: We no longer fall back to standalone mode to prevent using Playwright's
+  // bundled Chrome. Only the user's Chrome for Testing installation should be used.
+  let effectiveMode: "external" | "standalone";
+
+  if (browser.mode === "standalone") {
+    // Standalone mode is explicitly requested - allow it but warn
+    console.warn(
+      `Warning: Standalone mode uses Playwright's bundled Chromium, not Chrome for Testing.\n` +
+      `For consistent browser behavior, use mode "auto" or "external" with Chrome for Testing.`
+    );
+    effectiveMode = "standalone";
+  } else if (browser.mode === "external") {
+    if (!browser.path) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Browser mode is "external" but no browser path configured or detected. ` +
+        `Set browser.path in ~/.dev-browser/config.json or install Chrome for Testing.`
+      );
+    }
+    effectiveMode = "external";
+  } else {
+    // "auto" mode: use external if browser found, otherwise FAIL (don't fall back to standalone)
+    if (!browser.path) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Chrome for Testing not found at standard locations.\n` +
+        `Set browser.path in ~/.dev-browser/config.json to your Chrome executable or app bundle.`
+      );
+    }
+    effectiveMode = "external";
+  }
+
+  return {
+    mode: effectiveMode,
+    path: browser.path,
+    // Only include userDataDir if explicitly configured by user
+    // For external mode, let the browser use its default profile unless specified
+    userDataDir: browser.userDataDir,
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if a port is available by attempting to bind to it.
+ * Checks both IPv4 and IPv6 to match Express's default binding behavior.
+ */
+export async function isPortAvailable(port: number): Promise<boolean> {
+  // Check default binding (IPv6 on most systems, which Express uses)
+  const defaultAvailable = await new Promise<boolean>((resolve) => {
+    const server = createServer();
+    server.once("error", () => resolve(false));
+    server.once("listening", () => {
+      server.close(() => resolve(true));
+    });
+    server.listen(port);
+  });
+
+  if (!defaultAvailable) return false;
+
+  // Also check IPv4 for completeness
+  const ipv4Available = await new Promise<boolean>((resolve) => {
+    const server = createServer();
+    server.once("error", () => resolve(false));
+    server.once("listening", () => {
+      server.close(() => resolve(true));
+    });
+    server.listen(port, "0.0.0.0");
+  });
+
+  return ipv4Available;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Find an available port in the configured range.
+ * @throws Error if no ports are available
+ */
+export async function findAvailablePort(config?: DevBrowserConfig): Promise<number> {
+  const { portRange } = config || loadConfig();
+  const { start, end, step } = portRange;
+
+  for (let port = start; port < end; port += step) {
+    if (await isPortAvailable(port)) {
+      return port;
+    }
+  }
+
+  throw new Error(
+    `No available ports in range ${start}-${end} (step ${step}). ` +
+    `Too many dev-browser servers may be running. ` +
+    `Check ~/.dev-browser/active-servers.json for active servers.`
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if a process exists.
+ */
+function processExists(pid: number): boolean {
+  try {
+    process.kill(pid, 0);
+    return true;
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Load the servers file, handling both old format (pid only) and new format (ServerInfo).
+ */
+function loadServersFile(): Record<string, ServerInfo> {
+  if (!existsSync(SERVERS_FILE)) {
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const content = readFileSync(SERVERS_FILE, "utf-8");
+    const data = JSON.parse(content);
+
+    // Handle migration from old format { port: pid } to new format { port: ServerInfo }
+    const servers: Record<string, ServerInfo> = {};
+    for (const [port, value] of Object.entries(data)) {
+      if (typeof value === "number") {
+        // Old format: migrate to new format
+        servers[port] = {
+          pid: value,
+          mode: "standalone", // Assume standalone for old entries
+          startedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+        };
+      } else {
+        // New format
+        servers[port] = value as ServerInfo;
+      }
+    }
+    return servers;
+  } catch {
+    return {};
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Save the servers file.
+ */
+function saveServersFile(servers: Record<string, ServerInfo>): void {
+  mkdirSync(CONFIG_DIR, { recursive: true });
+  writeFileSync(SERVERS_FILE, JSON.stringify(servers, null, 2));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Clean up stale entries from servers file (processes that no longer exist).
+ */
+function cleanupStaleEntries(servers: Record<string, ServerInfo>): Record<string, ServerInfo> {
+  const cleaned: Record<string, ServerInfo> = {};
+  for (const [port, info] of Object.entries(servers)) {
+    if (processExists(info.pid)) {
+      cleaned[port] = info;
+    }
+  }
+  return cleaned;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Register a server for coordination tracking.
+ * This helps coordinate shutdown behavior and orphan detection.
+ */
+export function registerServer(
+  port: number,
+  pid: number,
+  options?: {
+    cdpPort?: number;
+    browserPid?: number;
+    mode?: "standalone" | "external";
+  }
+): void {
+  mkdirSync(CONFIG_DIR, { recursive: true });
+
+  let servers = loadServersFile();
+  servers = cleanupStaleEntries(servers);
+
+  servers[port.toString()] = {
+    pid,
+    cdpPort: options?.cdpPort,
+    browserPid: options?.browserPid,
+    mode: options?.mode ?? "standalone",
+    startedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+  };
+
+  saveServersFile(servers);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Unregister a server and return the count of remaining servers.
+ */
+export function unregisterServer(port: number): number {
+  let servers = loadServersFile();
+  delete servers[port.toString()];
+  servers = cleanupStaleEntries(servers);
+  saveServersFile(servers);
+  return Object.keys(servers).length;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the count of currently active servers.
+ */
+export function getActiveServerCount(): number {
+  const servers = loadServersFile();
+  const cleaned = cleanupStaleEntries(servers);
+  return Object.keys(cleaned).length;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get process ID listening on a specific port (macOS/Linux).
+ * Returns null if no process is listening or on error.
+ */
+function getProcessOnPort(port: number): number | null {
+  try {
+    // Works on macOS and Linux
+    const output = execSync(`lsof -ti:${port}`, {
+      encoding: "utf-8",
+      stdio: ["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"],
+    }).trim();
+
+    if (output) {
+      // May return multiple PIDs, take the first one
+      const firstLine = output.split("\n")[0] ?? "";
+      const pid = parseInt(firstLine, 10);
+      return isNaN(pid) ? null : pid;
+    }
+  } catch {
+    // No process on port or lsof not available
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Information about an orphaned browser.
+ */
+export interface OrphanedBrowser {
+  cdpPort: number;
+  pid: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Detect orphaned browsers - browsers running on CDP ports with no registered server.
+ *
+ * This handles crash recovery: if a server crashed without cleanup, its browser
+ * may still be running. This function identifies such orphans.
+ *
+ * @param cdpPorts - CDP ports to check (default: common ports 9223, 9225, etc.)
+ * @returns List of orphaned browsers
+ */
+export function detectOrphanedBrowsers(cdpPorts?: number[]): OrphanedBrowser[] {
+  const servers = loadServersFile();
+  const cleanedServers = cleanupStaleEntries(servers);
+
+  // Get CDP ports that have active servers
+  const activeCdpPorts = new Set<number>();
+  for (const info of Object.values(cleanedServers)) {
+    if (info.cdpPort) {
+      activeCdpPorts.add(info.cdpPort);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Default ports to check if not specified
+  const portsToCheck = cdpPorts ?? [9223, 9225, 9227, 9229, 9231];
+
+  const orphans: OrphanedBrowser[] = [];
+  for (const cdpPort of portsToCheck) {
+    // Skip if an active server claims this CDP port
+    if (activeCdpPorts.has(cdpPort)) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    // Check if something is running on this port
+    const pid = getProcessOnPort(cdpPort);
+    if (pid !== null) {
+      orphans.push({ cdpPort, pid });
+    }
+  }
+
+  return orphans;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Clean up orphaned browsers from previous crashed sessions.
+ *
+ * This is useful for standalone mode where the server owns the browser lifecycle.
+ * Only kills processes that are truly orphaned (no registered server).
+ *
+ * @param cdpPorts - CDP ports to check for orphans
+ * @returns Number of orphaned browsers cleaned up
+ */
+export function cleanupOrphanedBrowsers(cdpPorts?: number[]): number {
+  const orphans = detectOrphanedBrowsers(cdpPorts);
+  let cleaned = 0;
+
+  for (const orphan of orphans) {
+    try {
+      console.log(
+        `Cleaning up orphaned browser on CDP port ${orphan.cdpPort} (PID: ${orphan.pid})`
+      );
+      process.kill(orphan.pid, "SIGTERM");
+      cleaned++;
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.warn(
+        `Warning: Could not kill orphaned process ${orphan.pid}: ${err}`
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  return cleaned;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Output the assigned port for agent discovery.
+ * Agents parse this output to know which port to connect to.
+ *
+ * Format: PORT=XXXX
+ */
+export function outputPortForDiscovery(port: number): void {
+  console.log(`PORT=${port}`);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Write port to tmp/port file for client discovery.
+ * The client-lite can read this file to find the server port.
+ */
+export function writePortFile(port: number, skillDir: string): void {
+  const portFile = join(skillDir, "tmp", "port");
+  mkdirSync(join(skillDir, "tmp"), { recursive: true });
+  writeFileSync(portFile, port.toString());
+}
+
+/**
+ * Read port from tmp/port file.
+ * Returns null if file doesn't exist or is invalid.
+ */
+export function readPortFile(skillDir: string): number | null {
+  const portFile = join(skillDir, "tmp", "port");
+  try {
+    if (existsSync(portFile)) {
+      const content = readFileSync(portFile, "utf-8").trim();
+      const port = parseInt(content, 10);
+      return isNaN(port) ? null : port;
+    }
+  } catch {
+    // File doesn't exist or can't be read
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the most recently started server from active-servers.json.
+ * Returns null if no servers are running.
+ */
+export function getMostRecentServer(): { port: number; info: ServerInfo } | null {
+  const servers = loadServersFile();
+  const cleaned = cleanupStaleEntries(servers);
+
+  // Save cleaned version back
+  if (Object.keys(servers).length !== Object.keys(cleaned).length) {
+    saveServersFile(cleaned);
+  }
+
+  let mostRecent: { port: number; info: ServerInfo } | null = null;
+  let mostRecentTime = 0;
+
+  for (const [portStr, info] of Object.entries(cleaned)) {
+    const startedAt = new Date(info.startedAt).getTime();
+    if (startedAt > mostRecentTime) {
+      mostRecentTime = startedAt;
+      mostRecent = { port: parseInt(portStr, 10), info };
+    }
+  }
+
+  return mostRecent;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Kill all stale servers (processes that no longer exist).
+ * Called on startup to clean up zombies from crashed sessions.
+ */
+export function killStaleServers(): number {
+  const servers = loadServersFile();
+  let killed = 0;
+
+  for (const [portStr, info] of Object.entries(servers)) {
+    if (!processExists(info.pid)) {
+      // Process doesn't exist, remove from registry
+      delete servers[portStr];
+      killed++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (killed > 0) {
+    saveServersFile(servers);
+    console.log(`Cleaned up ${killed} stale server entries`);
+  }
+
+  return killed;
+}
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/src/external-browser.ts b/skills/dev-browser/src/external-browser.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dcbf723
--- /dev/null
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/src/external-browser.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,450 @@
+import express, { type Express, type Request, type Response, type NextFunction } from "express";
+import { chromium, type Browser, type BrowserContext, type Page } from "playwright";
+import { spawn } from "child_process";
+import type { Socket } from "net";
+import { dirname, join } from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+
+const __dirname = dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+const SKILL_DIR = join(__dirname, "..");
+import type {
+  GetPageRequest,
+  GetPageResponse,
+  ListPagesResponse,
+  ServerInfoResponse,
+} from "./types";
+import { registerPageRoutes, type PageEntry } from "./http-routes.js";
+import {
+  loadConfig,
+  findAvailablePort,
+  registerServer,
+  unregisterServer,
+  outputPortForDiscovery,
+  writePortFile,
+  killStaleServers,
+} from "./config.js";
+
+/** Idle timeout in milliseconds (30 minutes) */
+const IDLE_TIMEOUT_MS = 30 * 60 * 1000;
+
+export interface ExternalBrowserOptions {
+  /**
+   * HTTP API port. If not specified, a port is automatically assigned
+   * from the configured range (default: 19222-19300, step 2).
+   * This enables multiple agents to run concurrently.
+   */
+  port?: number;
+  /** CDP port where external browser is listening (default: 9223) */
+  cdpPort?: number;
+  /** Path to browser executable (for auto-launch) */
+  browserPath?: string;
+  /** User data directory for browser profile (for auto-launch) */
+  userDataDir?: string;
+  /** Whether to auto-launch browser if not running (default: true) */
+  autoLaunch?: boolean;
+  /** Idle timeout in ms before auto-shutdown (default: 30 minutes, 0 to disable) */
+  idleTimeout?: number;
+}
+
+export interface ExternalBrowserServer {
+  wsEndpoint: string;
+  port: number;
+  mode: "external-browser";
+  stop: () => Promise<void>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if a browser is running on the specified CDP port
+ */
+async function isBrowserRunning(cdpPort: number): Promise<boolean> {
+  try {
+    const res = await fetch(`http://127.0.0.1:${cdpPort}/json/version`, {
+      signal: AbortSignal.timeout(2000),
+    });
+    return res.ok;
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the CDP WebSocket endpoint from a running browser
+ */
+async function getCdpEndpoint(cdpPort: number, maxRetries = 60): Promise<string> {
+  for (let i = 0; i < maxRetries; i++) {
+    try {
+      const res = await fetch(`http://127.0.0.1:${cdpPort}/json/version`, {
+        signal: AbortSignal.timeout(2000),
+      });
+      if (res.ok) {
+        const data = (await res.json()) as { webSocketDebuggerUrl: string };
+        return data.webSocketDebuggerUrl;
+      }
+    } catch {
+      // Browser not ready yet
+    }
+    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 500));
+  }
+  throw new Error(`Browser did not start on port ${cdpPort} within ${maxRetries * 0.5}s`);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Launch browser as a detached process (survives server shutdown)
+ *
+ * On macOS, if browserPath ends with .app (an app bundle), uses `open -a`
+ * for proper Dock icon integration. The app should handle CDP flags internally.
+ */
+function launchBrowserDetached(
+  browserPath: string,
+  cdpPort: number,
+  userDataDir?: string
+): void {
+  // On macOS, if path is an app bundle, use `open -a` for proper Dock icon
+  if (process.platform === "darwin" && browserPath.endsWith(".app")) {
+    console.log(`Launching macOS app: ${browserPath}`);
+    console.log(`  (App handles CDP port and user data dir internally)`);
+
+    const child = spawn("open", ["-a", browserPath], {
+      detached: true,
+      stdio: "ignore",
+    });
+    child.unref();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Standard launch: spawn binary directly with CDP flags
+  const args = [
+    `--remote-debugging-port=${cdpPort}`,
+    "--no-first-run",
+    "--no-default-browser-check",
+  ];
+
+  // Only add user-data-dir if explicitly configured
+  // This lets the browser use its default profile when not specified
+  if (userDataDir) {
+    args.push(`--user-data-dir=${userDataDir}`);
+  }
+
+  console.log(`Launching browser: ${browserPath}`);
+  console.log(`  CDP port: ${cdpPort}`);
+  console.log(`  User data: ${userDataDir ?? "(default profile)"}`);
+
+  const child = spawn(browserPath, args, {
+    detached: true,
+    stdio: "ignore",
+  });
+  child.unref();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Helper to add timeout to promises
+ */
+function withTimeout<T>(promise: Promise<T>, ms: number, message: string): Promise<T> {
+  return Promise.race([
+    promise,
+    new Promise<never>((_, reject) =>
+      setTimeout(() => reject(new Error(`Timeout: ${message}`)), ms)
+    ),
+  ]);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Serve dev-browser by connecting to an external browser via CDP.
+ *
+ * This mode is ideal for:
+ * - Using Chrome for Testing or other specific browser builds
+ * - Keeping the browser open after automation (for manual inspection)
+ * - Development workflows where you want to see automation in a visible browser
+ *
+ * The browser lifecycle is managed externally - this server only connects/disconnects.
+ */
+export async function serveWithExternalBrowser(
+  options: ExternalBrowserOptions = {}
+): Promise<ExternalBrowserServer> {
+  // Clean up stale server entries on startup
+  killStaleServers();
+
+  const config = loadConfig();
+
+  // Use dynamic port allocation if port not specified
+  const port = options.port ?? await findAvailablePort(config);
+  const cdpPort = options.cdpPort ?? config.cdpPort;
+  const autoLaunch = options.autoLaunch ?? true;
+  const browserPath = options.browserPath;
+  // Only use userDataDir if explicitly provided - let browser use default profile otherwise
+  const userDataDir = options.userDataDir;
+  const idleTimeout = options.idleTimeout ?? IDLE_TIMEOUT_MS;
+
+  // Validate port numbers
+  if (port < 1 || port > 65535) {
+    throw new Error(`Invalid port: ${port}. Must be between 1 and 65535`);
+  }
+  if (cdpPort < 1 || cdpPort > 65535) {
+    throw new Error(`Invalid cdpPort: ${cdpPort}. Must be between 1 and 65535`);
+  }
+  if (port === cdpPort) {
+    throw new Error("port and cdpPort must be different");
+  }
+
+  // Check if browser is running, optionally launch it
+  const running = await isBrowserRunning(cdpPort);
+
+  if (!running) {
+    if (autoLaunch && browserPath) {
+      console.log(`Browser not running on port ${cdpPort}, launching...`);
+      launchBrowserDetached(browserPath, cdpPort, userDataDir);
+    } else if (autoLaunch && !browserPath) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Browser not running on port ${cdpPort} and no browserPath provided for auto-launch. ` +
+        `Either start the browser manually with --remote-debugging-port=${cdpPort} or provide browserPath.`
+      );
+    } else {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Browser not running on port ${cdpPort}. ` +
+        `Start it with --remote-debugging-port=${cdpPort}`
+      );
+    }
+  } else {
+    console.log(`Browser already running on port ${cdpPort}`);
+  }
+
+  // Wait for CDP endpoint
+  console.log("Waiting for CDP endpoint...");
+  const wsEndpoint = await getCdpEndpoint(cdpPort);
+  console.log(`CDP WebSocket endpoint: ${wsEndpoint}`);
+
+  // Connect to the browser via CDP
+  console.log("Connecting to browser via CDP...");
+  const browser: Browser = await chromium.connectOverCDP(`http://127.0.0.1:${cdpPort}`);
+  console.log("Connected to external browser");
+
+  // Get the default context (user's browsing context)
+  const contexts = browser.contexts();
+  const context: BrowserContext = contexts[0] || await browser.newContext();
+
+  // Registry: name -> PageEntry
+  const registry = new Map<string, PageEntry>();
+
+  // Helper to get CDP targetId for a page
+  async function getTargetId(page: Page): Promise<string> {
+    const cdpSession = await context.newCDPSession(page);
+    try {
+      const { targetInfo } = await cdpSession.send("Target.getTargetInfo");
+      return targetInfo.targetId;
+    } finally {
+      await cdpSession.detach();
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Express server for page management
+  const app: Express = express();
+  app.use(express.json());
+
+  // Idle timeout tracking
+  let lastActivityTime = Date.now();
+  let idleTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null;
+
+  // Middleware to track activity and reset idle timer
+  app.use((_req: Request, _res: Response, next: NextFunction) => {
+    lastActivityTime = Date.now();
+    if (idleTimer) {
+      clearTimeout(idleTimer);
+    }
+    if (idleTimeout > 0) {
+      idleTimer = setTimeout(() => {
+        console.log(`\nShutting down due to ${idleTimeout / 1000 / 60} minutes of inactivity`);
+        cleanup().then(() => process.exit(0));
+      }, idleTimeout);
+    }
+    next();
+  });
+
+  // GET / - server info
+  app.get("/", (_req: Request, res: Response) => {
+    const response: ServerInfoResponse & { mode: string } = {
+      wsEndpoint,
+      mode: "external-browser",
+    };
+    res.json(response);
+  });
+
+  // GET /pages - list all pages
+  app.get("/pages", (_req: Request, res: Response) => {
+    const response: ListPagesResponse = {
+      pages: Array.from(registry.keys()),
+    };
+    res.json(response);
+  });
+
+  // POST /pages - get or create page
+  app.post("/pages", async (req: Request, res: Response) => {
+    const body = req.body as GetPageRequest;
+    const { name } = body;
+
+    if (!name || typeof name !== "string") {
+      res.status(400).json({ error: "name is required and must be a string" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (name.length === 0) {
+      res.status(400).json({ error: "name cannot be empty" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (name.length > 256) {
+      res.status(400).json({ error: "name must be 256 characters or less" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Check if page already exists
+    let entry = registry.get(name);
+    if (!entry) {
+      // Create new page in the context (with timeout to prevent hangs)
+      const page = await withTimeout(context.newPage(), 30000, "Page creation timed out after 30s");
+      const targetId = await getTargetId(page);
+      entry = { page, targetId };
+      registry.set(name, entry);
+
+      // Clean up registry when page is closed (e.g., user clicks X)
+      page.on("close", () => {
+        registry.delete(name);
+      });
+    }
+
+    const response: GetPageResponse = { wsEndpoint, name, targetId: entry.targetId, mode: "launch" };
+    res.json(response);
+  });
+
+  // DELETE /pages/:name - close a page
+  app.delete("/pages/:name", async (req: Request<{ name: string }>, res: Response) => {
+    const name = decodeURIComponent(req.params.name);
+    const entry = registry.get(name);
+
+    if (entry) {
+      await entry.page.close();
+      registry.delete(name);
+      res.json({ success: true });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    res.status(404).json({ error: "page not found" });
+  });
+
+  // Register shared page operation routes (navigate, evaluate, snapshot, click, fill, etc.)
+  registerPageRoutes(app, registry);
+
+  // Start the server
+  const server = app.listen(port, () => {
+    console.log(`HTTP API server running on port ${port}`);
+  });
+
+  // Register this server for multi-agent coordination (external mode doesn't own the browser)
+  registerServer(port, process.pid, { cdpPort, mode: "external" });
+
+  // Write port to tmp/port for client discovery
+  writePortFile(port, SKILL_DIR);
+
+  // Output port for agent discovery (agents parse this to know which port to connect to)
+  outputPortForDiscovery(port);
+
+  // Start the initial idle timer
+  if (idleTimeout > 0) {
+    idleTimer = setTimeout(() => {
+      console.log(`\nShutting down due to ${idleTimeout / 1000 / 60} minutes of inactivity`);
+      cleanup().then(() => process.exit(0));
+    }, idleTimeout);
+    console.log(`Idle timeout: ${idleTimeout / 1000 / 60} minutes`);
+  }
+
+  // Track active connections for clean shutdown
+  const connections = new Set<Socket>();
+  server.on("connection", (socket: Socket) => {
+    connections.add(socket);
+    socket.on("close", () => connections.delete(socket));
+  });
+
+  // Track if cleanup has been called to avoid double cleanup
+  let cleaningUp = false;
+
+  // Cleanup function - disconnects but does NOT close the browser
+  const cleanup = async () => {
+    if (cleaningUp) return;
+    cleaningUp = true;
+
+    // Clear idle timer
+    if (idleTimer) {
+      clearTimeout(idleTimer);
+      idleTimer = null;
+    }
+
+    console.log("\nShutting down...");
+
+    // Close all active HTTP connections
+    for (const socket of connections) {
+      socket.destroy();
+    }
+    connections.clear();
+
+    // Close managed pages (pages we created, not user's existing tabs)
+    for (const entry of registry.values()) {
+      try {
+        await entry.page.close();
+      } catch {
+        // Page might already be closed
+      }
+    }
+    registry.clear();
+
+    // Disconnect from browser (does NOT close it)
+    try {
+      await browser.close();
+    } catch {
+      // Already disconnected
+    }
+
+    server.close();
+
+    // Unregister this server
+    const remainingServers = unregisterServer(port);
+    console.log(
+      `Server stopped. Browser remains open. ` +
+      `${remainingServers} other server(s) still running.`
+    );
+  };
+
+  // Signal handlers
+  const signals = ["SIGINT", "SIGTERM", "SIGHUP"] as const;
+
+  const signalHandler = async () => {
+    await cleanup();
+    process.exit(0);
+  };
+
+  const errorHandler = async (err: unknown) => {
+    console.error("Unhandled error:", err);
+    await cleanup();
+    process.exit(1);
+  };
+
+  // Register handlers
+  signals.forEach((sig) => process.on(sig, signalHandler));
+  process.on("uncaughtException", errorHandler);
+  process.on("unhandledRejection", errorHandler);
+
+  // Helper to remove all handlers
+  const removeHandlers = () => {
+    signals.forEach((sig) => process.off(sig, signalHandler));
+    process.off("uncaughtException", errorHandler);
+    process.off("unhandledRejection", errorHandler);
+  };
+
+  return {
+    wsEndpoint,
+    port,
+    mode: "external-browser",
+    async stop() {
+      removeHandlers();
+      await cleanup();
+    },
+  };
+}
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/src/http-routes.ts b/skills/dev-browser/src/http-routes.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc5b1c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/src/http-routes.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,348 @@
+/**
+ * Shared HTTP route handlers for page operations.
+ *
+ * These routes are used by both standalone (index.ts) and external browser
+ * (external-browser.ts) modes. They handle all page-level operations like
+ * navigation, evaluation, screenshots, etc.
+ */
+
+import type { Express, Request, Response } from "express";
+import type { Page } from "playwright";
+import { getSnapshotScript } from "./snapshot/browser-script.js";
+
+/** Page entry in the registry */
+export interface PageEntry {
+  page: Page;
+  targetId: string;
+}
+
+/** Registry type for page tracking */
+export type PageRegistry = Map<string, PageEntry>;
+
+/**
+ * Register all page operation routes on an Express app.
+ *
+ * This registers routes for:
+ * - POST /pages/:name/navigate
+ * - POST /pages/:name/evaluate
+ * - GET /pages/:name/snapshot
+ * - POST /pages/:name/select-ref
+ * - POST /pages/:name/click
+ * - POST /pages/:name/fill
+ * - POST /pages/:name/screenshot
+ * - POST /pages/:name/set-viewport
+ * - POST /pages/:name/wait-for-selector
+ * - GET /pages/:name/info
+ */
+export function registerPageRoutes(app: Express, registry: PageRegistry): void {
+  // POST /pages/:name/navigate - navigate to URL
+  app.post("/pages/:name/navigate", async (req: Request<{ name: string }>, res: Response) => {
+    const name = decodeURIComponent(req.params.name);
+    const entry = registry.get(name);
+
+    if (!entry) {
+      res.status(404).json({ error: "page not found" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const { url, waitUntil } = req.body as { url?: string; waitUntil?: "load" | "domcontentloaded" | "networkidle" };
+    if (!url) {
+      res.status(400).json({ error: "url is required" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    try {
+      await entry.page.goto(url, { waitUntil: waitUntil || "domcontentloaded" });
+      res.json({
+        url: entry.page.url(),
+        title: await entry.page.title(),
+      });
+    } catch (err) {
+      res.status(500).json({ error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err) });
+    }
+  });
+
+  // POST /pages/:name/evaluate - evaluate JavaScript
+  app.post("/pages/:name/evaluate", async (req: Request<{ name: string }>, res: Response) => {
+    const name = decodeURIComponent(req.params.name);
+    const entry = registry.get(name);
+
+    if (!entry) {
+      res.status(404).json({ error: "page not found" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const { expression } = req.body as { expression?: string };
+    if (!expression) {
+      res.status(400).json({ error: "expression is required" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    try {
+      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+      const result = await entry.page.evaluate((expr: string) => eval(expr), expression);
+      res.json({ result });
+    } catch (err) {
+      res.status(500).json({ error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err) });
+    }
+  });
+
+  // GET /pages/:name/snapshot - get AI snapshot
+  app.get("/pages/:name/snapshot", async (req: Request<{ name: string }>, res: Response) => {
+    const name = decodeURIComponent(req.params.name);
+    const entry = registry.get(name);
+
+    if (!entry) {
+      res.status(404).json({ error: "page not found" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    try {
+      const snapshotScript = getSnapshotScript();
+      const snapshot = await entry.page.evaluate((script: string) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        const w = globalThis as any;
+        if (!w.__devBrowser_getAISnapshot) {
+          // eslint-disable-next-line no-eval
+          eval(script);
+        }
+        return w.__devBrowser_getAISnapshot();
+      }, snapshotScript);
+
+      res.json({ snapshot });
+    } catch (err) {
+      res.status(500).json({ error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err) });
+    }
+  });
+
+  // POST /pages/:name/select-ref - get element info by ref
+  app.post("/pages/:name/select-ref", async (req: Request<{ name: string }>, res: Response) => {
+    const name = decodeURIComponent(req.params.name);
+    const entry = registry.get(name);
+
+    if (!entry) {
+      res.status(404).json({ error: "page not found" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const { ref } = req.body as { ref?: string };
+    if (!ref) {
+      res.status(400).json({ error: "ref is required" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    try {
+      const elementInfo = await entry.page.evaluate((refId: string) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        const w = globalThis as any;
+        const refs = w.__devBrowserRefs;
+        if (!refs) {
+          throw new Error("No snapshot refs found. Call snapshot first.");
+        }
+        const element = refs[refId];
+        if (!element) {
+          return { found: false };
+        }
+        return {
+          found: true,
+          tagName: element.tagName,
+          textContent: element.textContent?.slice(0, 500),
+        };
+      }, ref);
+
+      res.json(elementInfo);
+    } catch (err) {
+      res.status(500).json({ error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err) });
+    }
+  });
+
+  // POST /pages/:name/click - click on element by ref
+  app.post("/pages/:name/click", async (req: Request<{ name: string }>, res: Response) => {
+    const name = decodeURIComponent(req.params.name);
+    const entry = registry.get(name);
+
+    if (!entry) {
+      res.status(404).json({ error: "page not found" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const { ref } = req.body as { ref?: string };
+    if (!ref) {
+      res.status(400).json({ error: "ref is required" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    try {
+      const elementHandle = await entry.page.evaluateHandle((refId: string) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        const w = globalThis as any;
+        const refs = w.__devBrowserRefs;
+        if (!refs) throw new Error("No snapshot refs found. Call snapshot first.");
+        const element = refs[refId];
+        if (!element) throw new Error(`Ref "${refId}" not found`);
+        return element;
+      }, ref);
+
+      const element = elementHandle.asElement();
+      if (!element) {
+        res.status(400).json({ error: "Could not get element handle" });
+        return;
+      }
+
+      await element.click();
+      res.json({ success: true });
+    } catch (err) {
+      res.status(500).json({ error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err) });
+    }
+  });
+
+  // POST /pages/:name/fill - fill input by ref
+  app.post("/pages/:name/fill", async (req: Request<{ name: string }>, res: Response) => {
+    const name = decodeURIComponent(req.params.name);
+    const entry = registry.get(name);
+
+    if (!entry) {
+      res.status(404).json({ error: "page not found" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const { ref, value } = req.body as { ref?: string; value?: string };
+    if (!ref) {
+      res.status(400).json({ error: "ref is required" });
+      return;
+    }
+    if (value === undefined) {
+      res.status(400).json({ error: "value is required" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    try {
+      const elementHandle = await entry.page.evaluateHandle((refId: string) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        const w = globalThis as any;
+        const refs = w.__devBrowserRefs;
+        if (!refs) throw new Error("No snapshot refs found. Call snapshot first.");
+        const element = refs[refId];
+        if (!element) throw new Error(`Ref "${refId}" not found`);
+        return element;
+      }, ref);
+
+      const element = elementHandle.asElement();
+      if (!element) {
+        res.status(400).json({ error: "Could not get element handle" });
+        return;
+      }
+
+      await element.fill(value);
+      res.json({ success: true });
+    } catch (err) {
+      res.status(500).json({ error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err) });
+    }
+  });
+
+  // POST /pages/:name/screenshot - take screenshot
+  app.post("/pages/:name/screenshot", async (req: Request<{ name: string }>, res: Response) => {
+    const name = decodeURIComponent(req.params.name);
+    const entry = registry.get(name);
+
+    if (!entry) {
+      res.status(404).json({ error: "page not found" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const { fullPage, selector } = req.body as { fullPage?: boolean; selector?: string };
+
+    try {
+      let screenshotBuffer: Buffer;
+      if (selector) {
+        const element = await entry.page.$(selector);
+        if (!element) {
+          res.status(400).json({ error: `Selector "${selector}" not found` });
+          return;
+        }
+        screenshotBuffer = await element.screenshot();
+      } else {
+        screenshotBuffer = await entry.page.screenshot({ fullPage: fullPage ?? false });
+      }
+      const base64 = screenshotBuffer.toString("base64");
+      res.json({ screenshot: base64, mimeType: "image/png" });
+    } catch (err) {
+      res.status(500).json({ error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err) });
+    }
+  });
+
+  // POST /pages/:name/set-viewport - set viewport size
+  app.post("/pages/:name/set-viewport", async (req: Request<{ name: string }>, res: Response) => {
+    const name = decodeURIComponent(req.params.name);
+    const entry = registry.get(name);
+
+    if (!entry) {
+      res.status(404).json({ error: "page not found" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const { width, height } = req.body as { width?: number; height?: number };
+    if (!width || !height) {
+      res.status(400).json({ error: "width and height are required" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    try {
+      await entry.page.setViewportSize({ width, height });
+      res.json({ success: true, width, height });
+    } catch (err) {
+      res.status(500).json({ error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err) });
+    }
+  });
+
+  // POST /pages/:name/wait-for-selector - wait for element
+  app.post("/pages/:name/wait-for-selector", async (req: Request<{ name: string }>, res: Response) => {
+    const name = decodeURIComponent(req.params.name);
+    const entry = registry.get(name);
+
+    if (!entry) {
+      res.status(404).json({ error: "page not found" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const { selector, timeout, state } = req.body as {
+      selector?: string;
+      timeout?: number;
+      state?: "attached" | "detached" | "visible" | "hidden";
+    };
+    if (!selector) {
+      res.status(400).json({ error: "selector is required" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    try {
+      await entry.page.waitForSelector(selector, {
+        timeout: timeout ?? 30000,
+        state: state ?? "visible"
+      });
+      res.json({ success: true });
+    } catch (err) {
+      res.status(500).json({ error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err) });
+    }
+  });
+
+  // GET /pages/:name/info - get page URL and title
+  app.get("/pages/:name/info", async (req: Request<{ name: string }>, res: Response) => {
+    const name = decodeURIComponent(req.params.name);
+    const entry = registry.get(name);
+
+    if (!entry) {
+      res.status(404).json({ error: "page not found" });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    try {
+      res.json({
+        url: entry.page.url(),
+        title: await entry.page.title(),
+      });
+    } catch (err) {
+      res.status(500).json({ error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err) });
+    }
+  });
+}
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/src/index.ts b/skills/dev-browser/src/index.ts
index 24fd619..05e4ddf 100644
--- a/skills/dev-browser/src/index.ts
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/src/index.ts
@@ -10,9 +10,38 @@ import type {
   ListPagesResponse,
   ServerInfoResponse,
 } from "./types";
+import { registerPageRoutes, type PageEntry } from "./http-routes.js";
+import {
+  loadConfig,
+  findAvailablePort,
+  registerServer,
+  unregisterServer,
+  outputPortForDiscovery,
+  cleanupOrphanedBrowsers,
+} from "./config.js";
 
 export type { ServeOptions, GetPageResponse, ListPagesResponse, ServerInfoResponse };
 
+// Re-export external browser mode
+export {
+  serveWithExternalBrowser,
+  type ExternalBrowserOptions,
+  type ExternalBrowserServer,
+} from "./external-browser.js";
+
+// Re-export configuration utilities
+export {
+  loadConfig,
+  findAvailablePort,
+  cleanupOrphanedBrowsers,
+  detectOrphanedBrowsers,
+  type DevBrowserConfig,
+  type BrowserConfig,
+  type BrowserMode,
+  type ServerInfo,
+  type OrphanedBrowser,
+} from "./config.js";
+
 export interface DevBrowserServer {
   wsEndpoint: string;
   port: number;
@@ -52,9 +81,12 @@ function withTimeout<T>(promise: Promise<T>, ms: number, message: string): Promi
 }
 
 export async function serve(options: ServeOptions = {}): Promise<DevBrowserServer> {
-  const port = options.port ?? 9222;
+  const config = loadConfig();
+
+  // Use dynamic port allocation if port not specified
+  const port = options.port ?? await findAvailablePort(config);
   const headless = options.headless ?? false;
-  const cdpPort = options.cdpPort ?? 9223;
+  const cdpPort = options.cdpPort ?? config.cdpPort;
   const profileDir = options.profileDir;
 
   // Validate port numbers
@@ -77,6 +109,14 @@ export async function serve(options: ServeOptions = {}): Promise<DevBrowserServe
   mkdirSync(userDataDir, { recursive: true });
   console.log(`Using persistent browser profile: ${userDataDir}`);
 
+  // Clean up any orphaned browsers from previous crashed sessions
+  // This handles the case where Node crashed but Chrome is still running on the CDP port
+  const orphansCleaned = cleanupOrphanedBrowsers([cdpPort]);
+  if (orphansCleaned > 0) {
+    // Give the OS a moment to release the port
+    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 500));
+  }
+
   console.log("Launching browser with persistent context...");
 
   // Launch persistent context - this persists cookies, localStorage, cache, etc.
@@ -92,12 +132,6 @@ export async function serve(options: ServeOptions = {}): Promise<DevBrowserServe
   const wsEndpoint = cdpInfo.webSocketDebuggerUrl;
   console.log(`CDP WebSocket endpoint: ${wsEndpoint}`);
 
-  // Registry entry type for page tracking
-  interface PageEntry {
-    page: Page;
-    targetId: string;
-  }
-
   // Registry: name -> PageEntry
   const registry = new Map<string, PageEntry>();
 
@@ -165,7 +199,7 @@ export async function serve(options: ServeOptions = {}): Promise<DevBrowserServe
       });
     }
 
-    const response: GetPageResponse = { wsEndpoint, name, targetId: entry.targetId };
+    const response: GetPageResponse = { wsEndpoint, name, targetId: entry.targetId, mode: "launch" };
     res.json(response);
   });
 
@@ -184,11 +218,20 @@ export async function serve(options: ServeOptions = {}): Promise<DevBrowserServe
     res.status(404).json({ error: "page not found" });
   });
 
+  // Register shared page operation routes (navigate, evaluate, snapshot, click, fill, etc.)
+  registerPageRoutes(app, registry);
+
   // Start the server
   const server = app.listen(port, () => {
     console.log(`HTTP API server running on port ${port}`);
   });
 
+  // Register this server for multi-agent coordination (standalone mode owns the browser)
+  registerServer(port, process.pid, { cdpPort, mode: "standalone" });
+
+  // Output port for agent discovery (agents parse this to know which port to connect to)
+  outputPortForDiscovery(port);
+
   // Track active connections for clean shutdown
   const connections = new Set<Socket>();
   server.on("connection", (socket: Socket) => {
@@ -230,7 +273,10 @@ export async function serve(options: ServeOptions = {}): Promise<DevBrowserServe
     }
 
     server.close();
-    console.log("Server stopped.");
+
+    // Unregister this server
+    const remainingServers = unregisterServer(port);
+    console.log(`Server stopped. ${remainingServers} other server(s) still running.`);
   };
 
   // Synchronous cleanup for forced exits
diff --git a/skills/dev-browser/src/types.ts b/skills/dev-browser/src/types.ts
index c6cd959..a441b02 100644
--- a/skills/dev-browser/src/types.ts
+++ b/skills/dev-browser/src/types.ts
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ export interface GetPageResponse {
   wsEndpoint: string;
   name: string;
   targetId: string; // CDP target ID for reliable page matching
+  mode: "launch" | "extension"; // Server mode - eliminates need for separate GET /
 }
 
 export interface ListPagesResponse {
@@ -25,3 +26,83 @@ export interface ListPagesResponse {
 export interface ServerInfoResponse {
   wsEndpoint: string;
 }
+
+// Server-side page operation types (Phase 2: HTTP-only client support)
+
+export interface EvaluateRequest {
+  expression: string;
+}
+
+export interface EvaluateResponse {
+  result: unknown;
+  error?: string;
+}
+
+export interface SnapshotResponse {
+  snapshot: string;
+  error?: string;
+}
+
+export interface NavigateRequest {
+  url: string;
+  waitUntil?: "load" | "domcontentloaded" | "networkidle";
+}
+
+export interface NavigateResponse {
+  url: string;
+  title: string;
+  error?: string;
+}
+
+export interface SelectRefRequest {
+  ref: string;
+}
+
+export interface SelectRefResponse {
+  found: boolean;
+  tagName?: string;
+  textContent?: string;
+  error?: string;
+}
+
+// Phase 3: Additional HTTP endpoints for full client-lite support
+
+export interface ScreenshotRequest {
+  fullPage?: boolean;
+  selector?: string;
+}
+
+export interface ScreenshotResponse {
+  screenshot: string; // base64 encoded PNG
+  mimeType: "image/png";
+  error?: string;
+}
+
+export interface SetViewportRequest {
+  width: number;
+  height: number;
+}
+
+export interface SetViewportResponse {
+  success: boolean;
+  width: number;
+  height: number;
+  error?: string;
+}
+
+export interface WaitForSelectorRequest {
+  selector: string;
+  timeout?: number;
+  state?: "attached" | "detached" | "visible" | "hidden";
+}
+
+export interface WaitForSelectorResponse {
+  success: boolean;
+  error?: string;
+}
+
+export interface PageInfoResponse {
+  url: string;
+  title: string;
+  error?: string;
+}