diff --git a/.changeset/empty-spiders-grow.md b/.changeset/empty-spiders-grow.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9017386841
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/empty-spiders-grow.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'@shopify/react-testing': major
+---
+
+Remove React 17 compatability
diff --git a/packages/react-testing/src/compat.ts b/packages/react-testing/src/compat.ts
index dc369ba309..e0bf789095 100644
--- a/packages/react-testing/src/compat.ts
+++ b/packages/react-testing/src/compat.ts
@@ -1,46 +1,5 @@
-import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
-import React from 'react';
-import type {Root as ReactRoot} from 'react-dom/client';
 import {act as oldAct} from 'react-dom/test-utils';
 
-import type {ReactInstance, Fiber} from './types';
-
-export function getInternals(instance: ReactInstance): Fiber {
-  // In React 17+ _reactInternalFiber was renamed to _reactInternals. As such we need to handle both APIs to maintain support.
-
-  if ('_reactInternalFiber' in instance) {
-    return instance._reactInternalFiber;
-  }
-
-  return instance._reactInternals;
-}
-
-/** Shim to provide createRoot backwards compatibility for React < 18 */
-function createRootShim(element: HTMLElement): ReactRoot {
-  /* eslint-disable react/no-deprecated */
-  return {
-    render(children: React.ReactChild | Iterable<React.ReactNode>): void {
-      ReactDOM.render(children as any, element as any);
-    },
-    unmount(): void {
-      ReactDOM.unmountComponentAtNode(element as any);
-    },
-  };
-  /* eslint-enable react/no-deprecated */
-}
-
-/** Uses React >= 18 createRoot if available or falls back to shim*/
-export function createRoot(element: HTMLElement): ReactRoot {
-  try {
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-var-requires
-    return require('react-dom/client').createRoot(element);
-  } catch {
-    return createRootShim(element);
-  }
-}
-
-export const isLegacyReact = parseInt(React.version, 10) < 18;
-
 export const act: typeof oldAct = (() => {
   try {
     // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-var-requires
@@ -50,30 +9,3 @@ export const act: typeof oldAct = (() => {
     return oldAct;
   }
 })();
-
-// https://github.com/facebook/react/blob/12adaffef7105e2714f82651ea51936c563fe15c/packages/shared/enqueueTask.js#L13
-let enqueueTaskImpl: any = null;
-
-export function enqueueTask(task: (v: any) => void) {
-  if (enqueueTaskImpl === null) {
-    try {
-      // read require off the module object to get around the bundlers.
-      // we don't want them to detect a require and bundle a Node polyfill.
-      const requireString = `require${Math.random()}`.slice(0, 7);
-      const nodeRequire = module && module[requireString];
-      // assuming we're in node, let's try to get node's
-      // version of setImmediate, bypassing fake timers if any.
-      enqueueTaskImpl = nodeRequire.call(module, 'timers').setImmediate;
-    } catch (_err) {
-      // we're in a browser
-      // we can't use regular timers because they may still be faked
-      // so we try MessageChannel+postMessage instead
-      enqueueTaskImpl = function (callback: () => void) {
-        const channel = new MessageChannel();
-        channel.port1.onmessage = callback;
-        channel.port2.postMessage(undefined);
-      };
-    }
-  }
-  return enqueueTaskImpl!(task);
-}
diff --git a/packages/react-testing/src/root.tsx b/packages/react-testing/src/root.tsx
index 56c4ad6d9d..330e56897c 100644
--- a/packages/react-testing/src/root.tsx
+++ b/packages/react-testing/src/root.tsx
@@ -1,17 +1,12 @@
 import React from 'react';
+import {createRoot} from 'react-dom/client';
 import {flushSync} from 'react-dom';
 import type {Root as ReactRoot} from 'react-dom/client';
 import {findCurrentFiberUsingSlowPath} from 'react-reconciler/reflection.js';
 
 import {TestWrapper} from './TestWrapper';
 import {Element} from './element';
-import {
-  createRoot,
-  getInternals,
-  enqueueTask,
-  isLegacyReact,
-  act,
-} from './compat';
+import {act} from './compat';
 import type {
   Fiber,
   Node,
@@ -316,11 +311,6 @@ export class Root<Props> implements Node<Props> {
     this.destroyed = true;
     await mountedPromise;
     this.actCallbacks.forEach((callback) => callback());
-
-    if (isLegacyReact) {
-      // flush macro task for react 17 only
-      await new Promise((resolve) => enqueueTask(resolve));
-    }
   }
 
   setProps(props: Partial<Props>) {
@@ -346,7 +336,7 @@ export class Root<Props> implements Node<Props> {
     if (this.wrapper == null) {
       this.root = null;
     } else if (this.mounted) {
-      const rootFiber = getInternals(this.wrapper.rootRef as any);
+      const rootFiber = (this.wrapper.rootRef as any)._reactInternals;
       const topElement = fiberToElement(
         findCurrentFiberUsingSlowPath(rootFiber),
         this,
diff --git a/packages/react-testing/src/tests/compat.test.tsx b/packages/react-testing/src/tests/compat.test.tsx
deleted file mode 100644
index b05a5e219d..0000000000
--- a/packages/react-testing/src/tests/compat.test.tsx
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-import {getInternals} from '../compat';
-import type {ReactInstance} from '../types';
-
-describe('compat', () => {
-  it('returns the fiber for react-16 style nodes', () => {
-    const fakeInstance: ReactInstance = {_reactInternalFiber: 'foo'} as any;
-    expect(getInternals(fakeInstance)).toBe('foo');
-  });
-
-  it('returns the fiber for react-17 style nodes', () => {
-    const fakeInstance: ReactInstance = {_reactInternals: 'foo'} as any;
-    expect(getInternals(fakeInstance)).toBe('foo');
-  });
-});
diff --git a/packages/react-testing/src/types.ts b/packages/react-testing/src/types.ts
index 29c16ac671..6685d42c9b 100644
--- a/packages/react-testing/src/types.ts
+++ b/packages/react-testing/src/types.ts
@@ -189,13 +189,9 @@ export interface Fiber {
   memoizedState: unknown;
 }
 
-export type ReactInstance =
-  | {
-      _reactInternals: Fiber;
-    }
-  | {
-      _reactInternalFiber: Fiber;
-    };
+export interface ReactInstance {
+  _reactInternalFiber: Fiber;
+}
 
 export type Predicate = (node: Node<unknown>) => boolean;