vsm-dictionary-neo

Summary

vsm-dictionary-neo is an implementation of the 'VsmDictionary' parent-class/interface (from the package vsm-dictionary), that uses the Noctua Entity Ontology's (NEO) Solr Web Service to translate information about different types of bioentites (proteins, genes, RNAs and complexes) into VSM-specific format.

Install

Run: npm install

Example use

Node.js

Create a directory test-dir and inside run npm install vsm-dictionary-neo. Then, create a test.js file and include this code for example:

const DictionaryNeo = require('vsm-dictionary-neo');
const dict = new DictionaryNeo({log: true});

dict.getEntryMatchesForString('tp53', { page: 1, perPage: 10 }, 
  (err, res) => {
    if (err) 
      console.log(JSON.stringify(err, null, 4));
    else
      console.log(JSON.stringify(res, null, 4));
  }
);

Then, run node test.js

Browsers

<script src="https://unpkg.com/vsm-dictionary-neo@^1.0.0/dist/vsm-dictionary-neo.min.js"></script>

after which it is accessible as the global variable VsmDictionaryNeo.

Tests

Run npm test, which runs the source code tests with Mocha.
If you want to quickly live test NEO's Solr Web Service, go to the test directory and run:

node getEntries.test.js
node getEntryMatchesForString.test.js

'Build' configuration

To use a VsmDictionary in Node.js, one can simply run npm install and then use require(). But it is also convenient to have a version of the code that can just be loaded via a <script>-tag in the browser.

Therefore, we included webpack.config.js, which is a Webpack configuration file for generating such a browser-ready package.

By running npm build, the built file will appear in a 'dist' subfolder. You can use it by including: <script src="../dist/vsm-dictionary-neo.min.js"></script> in the header of an HTML file.

Specification

Like all VsmDictionary subclass implementations, this package follows the parent class specification. In the next sections we will explain the mapping between the data offered by NEO's Solr Web Service and the corresponding VSM objects. NEO's API is based on Solr.

Note that if we receive an error response from NEO's Solr Web Service (see the URL requests for getEnties and getEntryMatchesForString below) that is not a JSON string that we can parse, we formulate the error as a JSON object ourselves in the following format:

{
  status: <number>,
  error: <response> 
}

where the response from the server is JSON stringified.

Map NEO to DictInfo VSM object

This specification relates to the function:
getDictInfos(options, cb)

If the options.filter.id is not properly defined or the http://golr-aux.geneontology.io dictID is included in the list of ids used for filtering, getDictInfos returns a static object with the following properties:

• id: 'http://golr-aux.geneontology.io' (will be used as a dictID)
• abbrev: 'NEO'
• name: 'Noctua Entity Ontology'

Otherwise, an empty result is returned.

Map NEO to Entry VSM object

This specification relates to the function:
getEntries(options, cb)

Firstly, if the options.filter.dictID is properly defined and in the list of dictIDs the http://golr-aux.geneontology.io dictID is not included, then an empty array of entry objects is returned.

If the options.filter.id is properly defined (with compact URIs - CURIEs - like UniProtKB:P35222 or RNAcentral:URS0000530EBF_9606) then we use a query like this:

http://golr-aux.geneontology.io/solr/select?fq=document_category:bioentity&q=*:*&fq=(bioentity:"RNAcentral:URS0000530EBF_9606" bioentity:"UniProtKB:P35222")&fl=bioentity,bioentity_label,bioentity_name,synonym_searchable,taxon,taxon_label,type&rows=2&start=0&sort=bioentity%20asc&wt=json

For the above URL, we provide a brief description for each sub-part:

1. The first part refers to NEO's Solr select endpoint: http://golr-aux.geneontology.io/solr/select?
2. The second part (fq=document_category:bioentity) refers to the category of entries we are searching/filtering for
   • Note that each bioentity has a type, and all the possible returned types can be clustered to 4 categories: proteins, genes, complexes and RNAs.
3. The third part (q=*:*) means that we will perform a query on any field and search for any string
4. The fourth part means that we will filter the query to specific entries: those that have either the bioentity field equal to RNAcentral:URS0000530EBF_9606 or equal to UniProtKB:P35222.
5. The fifth part is the fields of interest - i.e. the information related to the entries that we will map to VSM-entry properties (fl=...).
6. The sixth part refers to the pagination parameters (rows = how many results, start = where to start)
   • The values of rows and start depend on options.page and options.perPage options
   • The rows requested can be between 0 and 100 and if it's not in those limits or not properly defined, we set it to the default page size which is 50.
   • The start (offset, zero-based) has a default value of 0 but if options.page is properly defined, it is set in the value of (options.page - 1) * rows.
7. The sixth part refers to the sorting of the returned results by bioentity/CURIE (alphabetically from A to Z).
8. The last part defines the format of the returned data (JSON).

Otherwise, we ask for all CURIEs (by default CURIE/bioentity sorted) with this query that does not filter on the bioentities requested:

http://golr-aux.geneontology.io/solr/select?fq=document_category:bioentity&q=*:*&fl=bioentity,bioentity_label,bioentity_name,synonym_searchable,taxon,taxon_label,type&rows=3&start=0&sort=bioentity%20asc&wt=json

When using NEO's Solr API, we get back a JSON object with a response property, whose value is an object with a docs property. The docs's value is an array of objects (the entries). Every entry object has as attributes the fields requested in the query above. We now provide a mapping of the attributes' values to VSM-entry specific properties:

NEO Solr field	Type	Required	VSM entry/match object property	Notes
bioentity	String	YES	id, terms[i].str	The VSM entry id is the CURIE string
bioentity_label	String	NO	terms[0].str, str
bioentity_name	String	NO	descr
synonym_searchable	Array	NO	terms[i].str	We map the whole array if present
taxon, taxon_label	String	NO	z.species	Example: Homo sapiens; 9606
type	String	NO	z.type	Example types: protein, transcript, gene

Note that the above mapping describes what we as developers thought as the most reasonable. There is though a global option optimap that you can pass to the DictionaryNeo object, which optimizes the above mapping for curator clarity and use. The default value is true and what changes in the mapping table above (which is the mapping for optimap: false actually) is that the VSM's descr entry/match object property takes the combined value of the taxon_label, the type, the synonyms/terms (terms[i].str) and the bioentity_name (in that order).

Map Neo to Match VSM object

This specification relates to the function:
getEntryMatchesForString(str, options, cb)

Firstly, if the options.filter.dictID is properly defined and in the list of dictIDs the http://golr-aux.geneontology.io dictID is not included, then an empty array of match objects is returned.

Otherwise, an example of a URL string that is being built and send to NEO's Solr Web Service when requesting for tp53, is:

http://golr-aux.geneontology.io/solr/select?fq=document_category:bioentity&q=*:*&fq=(bioentity_label_searchable:tp53* bioentity_name_searchable:tp53* synonym_searchable:tp53* taxon_label_searchable:tp53*)&fl=bioentity,bioentity_label,bioentity_name,synonym_searchable,taxon,taxon_label,type&rows=30&start=0&wt=json

The fields requested are the same as in the getEntries(options, cb) case as well as the mapping shown in the table above. The only thing that changes in the above URL compared to the one given for the getEntries case is that there is no sorting on the server side and that we try to find tp53 matches with a wildcard query search (as tp53*) in 4 fields using OR logic: bioentity_label_searchable, bioentity_name_searchable, synonym_searchable and taxon_label_searchable. If the request string str is comprised of multiple words (separated by space) we search for each word in the 4 fields previously mentioned and we combine the search results with AND logic. Also if a word has any of the following special characters: + - & | ! ( ) { } [ ] ^ " ~ * ? : /, we escape them (according to the standard Solr Query Parser) and put the resulting word in quotes. For example, if str = Catenin beta-1 sapiens, the query field option in the above URL query would be:

fq=(bioentity_label_searchable:Catenin* bioentity_name_searchable:Catenin* synonym_searchable:Catenin* taxon_label_searchable:Catenin*) AND
   (bioentity_label_searchable:"beta\-1*" bioentity_name_searchable:"beta\-1*" synonym_searchable:"beta\-1*" taxon_label_searchable:"beta\-1*") AND 
   (bioentity_label_searchable:sapiens* bioentity_name_searchable:sapiens* synonym_searchable:sapiens* taxon_label_searchable:sapiens*)

Searching in all of 4 fields gives the user the flexibility to appropriately choose the words in the str that will filter/minimize the returned results.

License

This project is licensed under the AGPL license - see LICENSE.md.