diff --git a/toolbox/Android.mk b/toolbox/Android.mk
index bf95c7f3338..928d77fc9af 100644
--- a/toolbox/Android.mk
+++ b/toolbox/Android.mk
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ OUR_TOOLS := \
     iftop \
     ioctl \
     log \
-    ls \
     lsof \
     nandread \
     newfs_msdos \
diff --git a/toolbox/ls.c b/toolbox/ls.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 9a89dd46277..00000000000
--- a/toolbox/ls.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,588 +0,0 @@
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <grp.h>
-#include <limits.h>
-#include <pwd.h>
-#include <stddef.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <time.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include <selinux/selinux.h>
-
-// simple dynamic array of strings.
-typedef struct {
-    int count;
-    int capacity;
-    void** items;
-} strlist_t;
-
-#define STRLIST_INITIALIZER { 0, 0, NULL }
-
-/* Used to iterate over a strlist_t
- * _list   :: pointer to strlist_t object
- * _item   :: name of local variable name defined within the loop with
- *            type 'char*'
- * _stmnt  :: C statement executed in each iteration
- *
- * This macro is only intended for simple uses. Do not add or remove items
- * to/from the list during iteration.
- */
-#define  STRLIST_FOREACH(_list,_item,_stmnt) \
-    do { \
-        int _nn_##__LINE__ = 0; \
-        for (;_nn_##__LINE__ < (_list)->count; ++ _nn_##__LINE__) { \
-            char* _item = (char*)(_list)->items[_nn_##__LINE__]; \
-            _stmnt; \
-        } \
-    } while (0)
-
-static void dynarray_reserve_more( strlist_t *a, int count ) {
-    int old_cap = a->capacity;
-    int new_cap = old_cap;
-    const int max_cap = INT_MAX/sizeof(void*);
-    void** new_items;
-    int new_count = a->count + count;
-
-    if (count <= 0)
-        return;
-
-    if (count > max_cap - a->count)
-        abort();
-
-    new_count = a->count + count;
-
-    while (new_cap < new_count) {
-        old_cap = new_cap;
-        new_cap += (new_cap >> 2) + 4;
-        if (new_cap < old_cap || new_cap > max_cap) {
-            new_cap = max_cap;
-        }
-    }
-    new_items = realloc(a->items, new_cap*sizeof(void*));
-    if (new_items == NULL)
-        abort();
-
-    a->items = new_items;
-    a->capacity = new_cap;
-}
-
-void strlist_init( strlist_t *list ) {
-    list->count = list->capacity = 0;
-    list->items = NULL;
-}
-
-// append a new string made of the first 'slen' characters from 'str'
-// followed by a trailing zero.
-void strlist_append_b( strlist_t *list, const void* str, size_t  slen ) {
-    char *copy = malloc(slen+1);
-    memcpy(copy, str, slen);
-    copy[slen] = '\0';
-    if (list->count >= list->capacity)
-        dynarray_reserve_more(list, 1);
-    list->items[list->count++] = copy;
-}
-
-// append the copy of a given input string to a strlist_t.
-void strlist_append_dup( strlist_t *list, const char *str) {
-    strlist_append_b(list, str, strlen(str));
-}
-
-// note: strlist_done will free all the strings owned by the list.
-void strlist_done( strlist_t *list ) {
-    STRLIST_FOREACH(list, string, free(string));
-    free(list->items);
-    list->items = NULL;
-    list->count = list->capacity = 0;
-}
-
-static int strlist_compare_strings(const void* a, const void* b) {
-    const char *sa = *(const char **)a;
-    const char *sb = *(const char **)b;
-    return strcmp(sa, sb);
-}
-
-/* sort the strings in a given list (using strcmp) */
-void strlist_sort( strlist_t *list ) {
-    if (list->count > 0) {
-        qsort(list->items, (size_t)list->count, sizeof(void*), strlist_compare_strings);
-    }
-}
-
-
-// bits for flags argument
-#define LIST_LONG           (1 << 0)
-#define LIST_ALL            (1 << 1)
-#define LIST_RECURSIVE      (1 << 2)
-#define LIST_DIRECTORIES    (1 << 3)
-#define LIST_SIZE           (1 << 4)
-#define LIST_LONG_NUMERIC   (1 << 5)
-#define LIST_CLASSIFY       (1 << 6)
-#define LIST_MACLABEL       (1 << 7)
-#define LIST_INODE          (1 << 8)
-
-// fwd
-static int listpath(const char *name, int flags);
-
-static char mode2kind(mode_t mode)
-{
-    switch(mode & S_IFMT){
-    case S_IFSOCK: return 's';
-    case S_IFLNK: return 'l';
-    case S_IFREG: return '-';
-    case S_IFDIR: return 'd';
-    case S_IFBLK: return 'b';
-    case S_IFCHR: return 'c';
-    case S_IFIFO: return 'p';
-    default: return '?';
-    }
-}
-
-void strmode(mode_t mode, char *out)
-{
-    *out++ = mode2kind(mode);
-
-    *out++ = (mode & 0400) ? 'r' : '-';
-    *out++ = (mode & 0200) ? 'w' : '-';
-    if(mode & 04000) {
-        *out++ = (mode & 0100) ? 's' : 'S';
-    } else {
-        *out++ = (mode & 0100) ? 'x' : '-';
-    }
-    *out++ = (mode & 040) ? 'r' : '-';
-    *out++ = (mode & 020) ? 'w' : '-';
-    if(mode & 02000) {
-        *out++ = (mode & 010) ? 's' : 'S';
-    } else {
-        *out++ = (mode & 010) ? 'x' : '-';
-    }
-    *out++ = (mode & 04) ? 'r' : '-';
-    *out++ = (mode & 02) ? 'w' : '-';
-    if(mode & 01000) {
-        *out++ = (mode & 01) ? 't' : 'T';
-    } else {
-        *out++ = (mode & 01) ? 'x' : '-';
-    }
-    *out = 0;
-}
-
-static void user2str(uid_t uid, char *out, size_t out_size)
-{
-    struct passwd *pw = getpwuid(uid);
-    if(pw) {
-        strlcpy(out, pw->pw_name, out_size);
-    } else {
-        snprintf(out, out_size, "%d", uid);
-    }
-}
-
-static void group2str(gid_t gid, char *out, size_t out_size)
-{
-    struct group *gr = getgrgid(gid);
-    if(gr) {
-        strlcpy(out, gr->gr_name, out_size);
-    } else {
-        snprintf(out, out_size, "%d", gid);
-    }
-}
-
-static int show_total_size(const char *dirname, DIR *d, int flags)
-{
-    struct dirent *de;
-    char tmp[1024];
-    struct stat s;
-    int sum = 0;
-
-    /* run through the directory and sum up the file block sizes */
-    while ((de = readdir(d)) != 0) {
-        if (strcmp(de->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(de->d_name, "..") == 0)
-            continue;
-        if (de->d_name[0] == '.' && (flags & LIST_ALL) == 0)
-            continue;
-
-        if (strcmp(dirname, "/") == 0)
-            snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "/%s", de->d_name);
-        else
-            snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%s/%s", dirname, de->d_name);
-
-        if (lstat(tmp, &s) < 0) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "stat failed on %s: %s\n", tmp, strerror(errno));
-            rewinddir(d);
-            return -1;
-        }
-
-        sum += s.st_blocks / 2;
-    }
-
-    printf("total %d\n", sum);
-    rewinddir(d);
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static int listfile_size(const char *path, const char *filename, struct stat *s,
-                         int flags)
-{
-    if(!s || !path) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    /* blocks are 512 bytes, we want output to be KB */
-    if ((flags & LIST_SIZE) != 0) {
-        printf("%lld ", (long long)s->st_blocks / 2);
-    }
-
-    if ((flags & LIST_CLASSIFY) != 0) {
-        char filetype = mode2kind(s->st_mode);
-        if (filetype != 'l') {
-            printf("%c ", filetype);
-        } else {
-            struct stat link_dest;
-            if (!stat(path, &link_dest)) {
-                printf("l%c ", mode2kind(link_dest.st_mode));
-            } else {
-                fprintf(stderr, "stat '%s' failed: %s\n", path, strerror(errno));
-                printf("l? ");
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    printf("%s\n", filename);
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static int listfile_long(const char *path, struct stat *s, int flags)
-{
-    char date[32];
-    char mode[16];
-    char user[32];
-    char group[32];
-    const char *name;
-
-    if(!s || !path) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    /* name is anything after the final '/', or the whole path if none*/
-    name = strrchr(path, '/');
-    if(name == 0) {
-        name = path;
-    } else {
-        name++;
-    }
-
-    strmode(s->st_mode, mode);
-    if (flags & LIST_LONG_NUMERIC) {
-        snprintf(user, sizeof(user), "%u", s->st_uid);
-        snprintf(group, sizeof(group), "%u", s->st_gid);
-    } else {
-        user2str(s->st_uid, user, sizeof(user));
-        group2str(s->st_gid, group, sizeof(group));
-    }
-
-    strftime(date, 32, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M", localtime((const time_t*)&s->st_mtime));
-    date[31] = 0;
-
-// 12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
-// MMMMMMMM UUUUUUUU GGGGGGGGG XXXXXXXX YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM NAME (->LINK)
-
-    switch(s->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
-    case S_IFBLK:
-    case S_IFCHR:
-        printf("%s %-8s %-8s %3d, %3d %s %s\n",
-               mode, user, group,
-               major(s->st_rdev), minor(s->st_rdev),
-               date, name);
-        break;
-    case S_IFREG:
-        printf("%s %-8s %-8s %8lld %s %s\n",
-               mode, user, group, (long long)s->st_size, date, name);
-        break;
-    case S_IFLNK: {
-        char linkto[256];
-        ssize_t len;
-
-        len = readlink(path, linkto, 256);
-        if(len < 0) return -1;
-
-        if(len > 255) {
-            linkto[252] = '.';
-            linkto[253] = '.';
-            linkto[254] = '.';
-            linkto[255] = 0;
-        } else {
-            linkto[len] = 0;
-        }
-
-        printf("%s %-8s %-8s          %s %s -> %s\n",
-               mode, user, group, date, name, linkto);
-        break;
-    }
-    default:
-        printf("%s %-8s %-8s          %s %s\n",
-               mode, user, group, date, name);
-
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static int listfile_maclabel(const char *path, struct stat *s)
-{
-    char mode[16];
-    char user[32];
-    char group[32];
-    char *maclabel = NULL;
-    const char *name;
-
-    if(!s || !path) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    /* name is anything after the final '/', or the whole path if none*/
-    name = strrchr(path, '/');
-    if(name == 0) {
-        name = path;
-    } else {
-        name++;
-    }
-
-    lgetfilecon(path, &maclabel);
-    if (!maclabel) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    strmode(s->st_mode, mode);
-    user2str(s->st_uid, user, sizeof(user));
-    group2str(s->st_gid, group, sizeof(group));
-
-    switch(s->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
-    case S_IFLNK: {
-        char linkto[256];
-        ssize_t len;
-
-        len = readlink(path, linkto, sizeof(linkto));
-        if(len < 0) return -1;
-
-        if((size_t)len > sizeof(linkto)-1) {
-            linkto[sizeof(linkto)-4] = '.';
-            linkto[sizeof(linkto)-3] = '.';
-            linkto[sizeof(linkto)-2] = '.';
-            linkto[sizeof(linkto)-1] = 0;
-        } else {
-            linkto[len] = 0;
-        }
-
-        printf("%s %-8s %-8s          %s %s -> %s\n",
-               mode, user, group, maclabel, name, linkto);
-        break;
-    }
-    default:
-        printf("%s %-8s %-8s          %s %s\n",
-               mode, user, group, maclabel, name);
-
-    }
-
-    free(maclabel);
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static int listfile(const char *dirname, const char *filename, int flags)
-{
-    struct stat s;
-
-    if ((flags & (LIST_LONG | LIST_SIZE | LIST_CLASSIFY | LIST_MACLABEL | LIST_INODE)) == 0) {
-        printf("%s\n", filename);
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    char tmp[4096];
-    const char* pathname = filename;
-
-    if (dirname != NULL) {
-        snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%s/%s", dirname, filename);
-        pathname = tmp;
-    } else {
-        pathname = filename;
-    }
-
-    if(lstat(pathname, &s) < 0) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "lstat '%s' failed: %s\n", pathname, strerror(errno));
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    if(flags & LIST_INODE) {
-        printf("%8llu ", (unsigned long long)s.st_ino);
-    }
-
-    if ((flags & LIST_MACLABEL) != 0) {
-        return listfile_maclabel(pathname, &s);
-    } else if ((flags & LIST_LONG) != 0) {
-        return listfile_long(pathname, &s, flags);
-    } else /*((flags & LIST_SIZE) != 0)*/ {
-        return listfile_size(pathname, filename, &s, flags);
-    }
-}
-
-static int listdir(const char *name, int flags)
-{
-    char tmp[4096];
-    DIR *d;
-    struct dirent *de;
-    strlist_t  files = STRLIST_INITIALIZER;
-
-    d = opendir(name);
-    if(d == 0) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "opendir failed, %s\n", strerror(errno));
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    if ((flags & LIST_SIZE) != 0) {
-        show_total_size(name, d, flags);
-    }
-
-    while((de = readdir(d)) != 0){
-        if (!strcmp(de->d_name, ".") || !strcmp(de->d_name, "..")) continue;
-        if(de->d_name[0] == '.' && (flags & LIST_ALL) == 0) continue;
-
-        strlist_append_dup(&files, de->d_name);
-    }
-
-    strlist_sort(&files);
-    STRLIST_FOREACH(&files, filename, listfile(name, filename, flags));
-    strlist_done(&files);
-
-    if (flags & LIST_RECURSIVE) {
-        strlist_t subdirs = STRLIST_INITIALIZER;
-
-        rewinddir(d);
-
-        while ((de = readdir(d)) != 0) {
-            struct stat s;
-            int err;
-
-            if (!strcmp(de->d_name, ".") || !strcmp(de->d_name, ".."))
-                continue;
-            if (de->d_name[0] == '.' && (flags & LIST_ALL) == 0)
-                continue;
-
-            if (!strcmp(name, "/"))
-                snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "/%s", de->d_name);
-            else
-                snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%s/%s", name, de->d_name);
-
-            /*
-             * If the name ends in a '/', use stat() so we treat it like a
-             * directory even if it's a symlink.
-             */
-            if (tmp[strlen(tmp)-1] == '/')
-                err = stat(tmp, &s);
-            else
-                err = lstat(tmp, &s);
-
-            if (err < 0) {
-                perror(tmp);
-                closedir(d);
-                return -1;
-            }
-
-            if (S_ISDIR(s.st_mode)) {
-                strlist_append_dup(&subdirs, tmp);
-            }
-        }
-        strlist_sort(&subdirs);
-        STRLIST_FOREACH(&subdirs, path, {
-            printf("\n%s:\n", path);
-            listdir(path, flags);
-        });
-        strlist_done(&subdirs);
-    }
-
-    closedir(d);
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static int listpath(const char *name, int flags)
-{
-    struct stat s;
-    int err;
-
-    /*
-     * If the name ends in a '/', use stat() so we treat it like a
-     * directory even if it's a symlink.
-     */
-    if (name[strlen(name)-1] == '/')
-        err = stat(name, &s);
-    else
-        err = lstat(name, &s);
-
-    if (err < 0) {
-        perror(name);
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    if ((flags & LIST_DIRECTORIES) == 0 && S_ISDIR(s.st_mode)) {
-        if (flags & LIST_RECURSIVE)
-            printf("\n%s:\n", name);
-        return listdir(name, flags);
-    } else {
-        /* yeah this calls stat() again*/
-        return listfile(NULL, name, flags);
-    }
-}
-
-int ls_main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-    int flags = 0;
-
-    if(argc > 1) {
-        int i;
-        int err = 0;
-        strlist_t  files = STRLIST_INITIALIZER;
-
-        for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-            if (argv[i][0] == '-') {
-                /* an option ? */
-                const char *arg = argv[i]+1;
-                while (arg[0]) {
-                    switch (arg[0]) {
-                    case 'l': flags |= LIST_LONG; break;
-                    case 'n': flags |= LIST_LONG | LIST_LONG_NUMERIC; break;
-                    case 's': flags |= LIST_SIZE; break;
-                    case 'R': flags |= LIST_RECURSIVE; break;
-                    case 'd': flags |= LIST_DIRECTORIES; break;
-                    case 'Z': flags |= LIST_MACLABEL; break;
-                    case 'a': flags |= LIST_ALL; break;
-                    case 'F': flags |= LIST_CLASSIFY; break;
-                    case 'i': flags |= LIST_INODE; break;
-                    default:
-                        fprintf(stderr, "%s: Unknown option '-%c'. Aborting.\n", "ls", arg[0]);
-                        exit(1);
-                    }
-                    arg++;
-                }
-            } else {
-                /* not an option ? */
-                strlist_append_dup(&files, argv[i]);
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (files.count > 0) {
-            STRLIST_FOREACH(&files, path, {
-                if (listpath(path, flags) != 0) {
-                    err = EXIT_FAILURE;
-                }
-            });
-            strlist_done(&files);
-            return err;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // list working directory if no files or directories were specified
-    return listpath(".", flags);
-}