diff --git a/packages/react-reconciler/src/__tests__/useMutableSource-test.internal.js b/packages/react-reconciler/src/__tests__/useMutableSource-test.internal.js
index 243232f1b83bf..06eba20e6cfe7 100644
--- a/packages/react-reconciler/src/__tests__/useMutableSource-test.internal.js
+++ b/packages/react-reconciler/src/__tests__/useMutableSource-test.internal.js
@@ -1730,6 +1730,53 @@ describe('useMutableSource', () => {
           param => param.version,
         );
 
+        let mutatedValueInRender = 0;
+        function MutateDuringRead() {
+          const value = useMutableSource(
+            mutableSource,
+            defaultGetSnapshot,
+            defaultSubscribe,
+          );
+          Scheduler.unstable_yieldValue('MutateDuringRead:' + value);
+          // Note that mutating an exeternal value during render is a side effect and is not supported.
+          source.value = mutatedValueInRender++;
+          return null;
+        }
+
+        expect(() => {
+          expect(() => {
+            act(() => {
+              ReactNoop.render(<MutateDuringRead />);
+            });
+          }).toThrow(
+            'Cannot read from mutable source during the current render without tearing. This may be a bug in React. Please file an issue.',
+          );
+        }).toWarnDev([
+          // Warns twice because of the retry-on-error render pass. Should
+          // consider only warning during the first attempt, not during the
+          // retry. Or maybe vice versa.
+          'A mutable source was mutated while the MutateDuringRead component was rendering. This is not supported. ' +
+            'Move any mutations into event handlers or effects.\n' +
+            '    in MutateDuringRead (at **)',
+          'A mutable source was mutated while the MutateDuringRead component was rendering. This is not supported. ' +
+            'Move any mutations into event handlers or effects.\n' +
+            '    in MutateDuringRead (at **)',
+        ]);
+
+        expect(Scheduler).toHaveYielded([
+          'MutateDuringRead:initial',
+          'MutateDuringRead:0',
+        ]);
+      });
+
+      // @gate experimental
+      it('should throw if a mutable source is mutated during render (legacy mode)', () => {
+        const source = createSource('initial');
+        const mutableSource = createMutableSource(
+          source,
+          param => param.version,
+        );
+
         function MutateDuringRead() {
           const value = useMutableSource(
             mutableSource,