diff --git a/src/cdk/a11y/focus-monitor/focus-monitor.ts b/src/cdk/a11y/focus-monitor/focus-monitor.ts
index 4104b3e0f478..2c5e6f2b7bdb 100644
--- a/src/cdk/a11y/focus-monitor/focus-monitor.ts
+++ b/src/cdk/a11y/focus-monitor/focus-monitor.ts
@@ -99,10 +99,10 @@ export class FocusMonitor implements OnDestroy {
   private _windowFocused = false;
 
   /** The timeout id of the window focus timeout. */
-  private _windowFocusTimeoutId: any;
+  private _windowFocusTimeoutId: number;
 
   /** The timeout id of the origin clearing timeout. */
-  private _originTimeoutId: any;
+  private _originTimeoutId: number;
 
   /**
    * Whether the origin was determined via a touch interaction. Necessary as properly attributing
diff --git a/src/cdk/a11y/live-announcer/live-announcer.ts b/src/cdk/a11y/live-announcer/live-announcer.ts
index c465875aa6e6..64f2897c01eb 100644
--- a/src/cdk/a11y/live-announcer/live-announcer.ts
+++ b/src/cdk/a11y/live-announcer/live-announcer.ts
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ import {
 export class LiveAnnouncer implements OnDestroy {
   private _liveElement: HTMLElement;
   private _document: Document;
-  private _previousTimeout: any;
+  private _previousTimeout: number;
 
   constructor(
       @Optional() @Inject(LIVE_ANNOUNCER_ELEMENT_TOKEN) elementToken: any,
diff --git a/src/cdk/overlay/overlay-ref.ts b/src/cdk/overlay/overlay-ref.ts
index 40e6a9f75479..8c6fb5831129 100644
--- a/src/cdk/overlay/overlay-ref.ts
+++ b/src/cdk/overlay/overlay-ref.ts
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ export class OverlayRef implements PortalOutlet, OverlayReference {
       return;
     }
 
-    let timeoutId: any;
+    let timeoutId: number;
     const finishDetach = () => {
       // It may not be attached to anything in certain cases (e.g. unit tests).
       if (backdropToDetach) {
diff --git a/src/cdk/platform/BUILD.bazel b/src/cdk/platform/BUILD.bazel
index 274d24e8896b..c6dfc3ea5206 100644
--- a/src/cdk/platform/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/src/cdk/platform/BUILD.bazel
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ ng_module(
     deps = [
         "@npm//@angular/common",
         "@npm//@angular/core",
-        "@npm//@types/node",
     ],
 )
 
diff --git a/src/cdk/platform/features/test-environment.ts b/src/cdk/platform/features/test-environment.ts
index 6fd647fd12c7..fabcdfb72b3b 100644
--- a/src/cdk/platform/features/test-environment.ts
+++ b/src/cdk/platform/features/test-environment.ts
@@ -6,33 +6,20 @@
  * found in the LICENSE file at https://angular.io/license
  */
 
-// Avoid using `declare const` because it caused conflicts inside Google
-// with the real typings for these symbols. We use `declare interface` instead
-// of just `interface` for interop with Closure Compiler (prevents property renaming):
-// https://github.com/angular/tsickle/blob/master/README.md#differences-from-typescript
-declare interface TestGlobals {
-  jasmine: unknown;
-  __karma__: unknown;
-  jest: unknown;
-  Mocha: unknown;
-}
-
-let testGlobals: TestGlobals;
-
-// We check the Node-specific `global` first, because tools tend to add a fake
-// `window` in Node environments which won't actually receive global variables.
-if (typeof global !== 'undefined') {
-  testGlobals = global as {} as TestGlobals;
-} else if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
-  testGlobals = window as {} as TestGlobals;
-} else {
-  testGlobals = {} as TestGlobals;
-}
-
 /** Gets whether the code is currently running in a test environment. */
 export function _isTestEnvironment(): boolean {
-  return (typeof testGlobals.__karma__ !== 'undefined' && !!testGlobals.__karma__) ||
-         (typeof testGlobals.jasmine !== 'undefined' && !!testGlobals.jasmine) ||
-         (typeof testGlobals.jest !== 'undefined' && !!testGlobals.jest) ||
-         (typeof testGlobals.Mocha !== 'undefined' && !!testGlobals.Mocha);
+  // We can't use `declare const` because it causes conflicts inside Google with the real typings
+  // for these symbols and we can't read them off the global object, because they don't appear to
+  // be attached there for some runners like Jest.
+  // (see: https://github.com/angular/components/issues/23365#issuecomment-938146643)
+  return (
+    // @ts-ignore
+    (typeof __karma__ !== 'undefined' && !!__karma__) ||
+    // @ts-ignore
+    (typeof jasmine !== 'undefined' && !!jasmine) ||
+    // @ts-ignore
+    (typeof jest !== 'undefined' && !!jest) ||
+    // @ts-ignore
+    (typeof Mocha !== 'undefined' && !!Mocha)
+  );
 }
diff --git a/src/cdk/tsconfig-tests.json b/src/cdk/tsconfig-tests.json
index 6867ec501da5..fc69eaff4277 100644
--- a/src/cdk/tsconfig-tests.json
+++ b/src/cdk/tsconfig-tests.json
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
     "importHelpers": false,
     "module": "umd",
     "target": "es5",
-    "types": ["jasmine", "node"],
+    "types": ["jasmine"],
     "experimentalDecorators": true,
     "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
     "paths": {
diff --git a/src/material-experimental/mdc-chips/chip-row.ts b/src/material-experimental/mdc-chips/chip-row.ts
index 7a0b07bed06a..a879ee84b09a 100644
--- a/src/material-experimental/mdc-chips/chip-row.ts
+++ b/src/material-experimental/mdc-chips/chip-row.ts
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ export class MatChipRow extends MatChip implements AfterContentInit, AfterViewIn
    * Timeout used to give some time between `focusin` and `focusout`
    * in order to determine whether focus has left the chip.
    */
-  private _focusoutTimeout: any;
+  private _focusoutTimeout: number | null;
 
   constructor(
     @Inject(DOCUMENT) private readonly _document: any,
diff --git a/src/material-experimental/mdc-dialog/dialog-container.ts b/src/material-experimental/mdc-dialog/dialog-container.ts
index 44d51b1432c0..70a4d76b40aa 100644
--- a/src/material-experimental/mdc-dialog/dialog-container.ts
+++ b/src/material-experimental/mdc-dialog/dialog-container.ts
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ export class MatDialogContainer extends _MatDialogContainerBase implements OnDes
   private _closeAnimationDuration =
       this._animationsEnabled ? numbers.DIALOG_ANIMATION_CLOSE_TIME_MS : 0;
   /** Current timer for dialog animations. */
-  private _animationTimer: any = null;
+  private _animationTimer: number | null = null;
 
   constructor(
       elementRef: ElementRef,
diff --git a/src/material-experimental/mdc-snack-bar/snack-bar-container.ts b/src/material-experimental/mdc-snack-bar/snack-bar-container.ts
index aaf0a8a4d1bd..3d5cded10d8c 100644
--- a/src/material-experimental/mdc-snack-bar/snack-bar-container.ts
+++ b/src/material-experimental/mdc-snack-bar/snack-bar-container.ts
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export class MatSnackBarContainer extends BasePortalOutlet
   private readonly _announceDelay: number = 150;
 
   /** The timeout for announcing the snack bar's content. */
-  private _announceTimeoutId: any;
+  private _announceTimeoutId: number;
 
   /** Subject for notifying that the snack bar has announced to screen readers. */
   readonly _onAnnounce: Subject<void> = new Subject();
diff --git a/src/material/bottom-sheet/bottom-sheet-ref.ts b/src/material/bottom-sheet/bottom-sheet-ref.ts
index 1102d10f6054..efe33d6ce647 100644
--- a/src/material/bottom-sheet/bottom-sheet-ref.ts
+++ b/src/material/bottom-sheet/bottom-sheet-ref.ts
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ export class MatBottomSheetRef<T = any, R = any> {
   private _result: R | undefined;
 
   /** Handle to the timeout that's running as a fallback in case the exit animation doesn't fire. */
-  private _closeFallbackTimeout: any;
+  private _closeFallbackTimeout: number;
 
   constructor(
     containerInstance: MatBottomSheetContainer,
diff --git a/src/material/dialog/dialog-ref.ts b/src/material/dialog/dialog-ref.ts
index 2a65450f81eb..da2ac5316f74 100644
--- a/src/material/dialog/dialog-ref.ts
+++ b/src/material/dialog/dialog-ref.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ export class MatDialogRef<T, R = any> {
   private _result: R | undefined;
 
   /** Handle to the timeout that's running as a fallback in case the exit animation doesn't fire. */
-  private _closeFallbackTimeout: any;
+  private _closeFallbackTimeout: number;
 
   /** Current state of the dialog. */
   private _state = MatDialogState.OPEN;
diff --git a/src/material/snack-bar/snack-bar-container.ts b/src/material/snack-bar/snack-bar-container.ts
index 4d01de391fe2..bad96d2f4960 100644
--- a/src/material/snack-bar/snack-bar-container.ts
+++ b/src/material/snack-bar/snack-bar-container.ts
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ export class MatSnackBarContainer extends BasePortalOutlet
   private readonly _announceDelay: number = 150;
 
   /** The timeout for announcing the snack bar's content. */
-  private _announceTimeoutId: any;
+  private _announceTimeoutId: number;
 
   /** Whether the component has been destroyed. */
   private _destroyed = false;
diff --git a/src/material/snack-bar/snack-bar-ref.ts b/src/material/snack-bar/snack-bar-ref.ts
index 385f21b56ef1..ecb5e76018ec 100644
--- a/src/material/snack-bar/snack-bar-ref.ts
+++ b/src/material/snack-bar/snack-bar-ref.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ export class MatSnackBarRef<T> {
    * Timeout ID for the duration setTimeout call. Used to clear the timeout if the snackbar is
    * dismissed before the duration passes.
    */
-  private _durationTimeoutId: any;
+  private _durationTimeoutId: number;
 
   /** Whether the snack bar was dismissed using the action button. */
   private _dismissedByAction = false;
diff --git a/src/material/tooltip/tooltip.ts b/src/material/tooltip/tooltip.ts
index b39473f23e04..3685dd0b0285 100644
--- a/src/material/tooltip/tooltip.ts
+++ b/src/material/tooltip/tooltip.ts
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ export abstract class _MatTooltipBase<T extends _TooltipComponentBase> implement
   private _document: Document;
 
   /** Timer started at the last `touchstart` event. */
-  private _touchstartTimeout: any;
+  private _touchstartTimeout: number;
 
   /** Emits when the component is destroyed. */
   private readonly _destroyed = new Subject<void>();
@@ -766,10 +766,10 @@ export abstract class _TooltipComponentBase implements OnDestroy {
   tooltipClass: string|string[]|Set<string>|{[key: string]: any};
 
   /** The timeout ID of any current timer set to show the tooltip */
-  _showTimeoutId: any;
+  _showTimeoutId: number | undefined;
 
   /** The timeout ID of any current timer set to hide the tooltip */
-  _hideTimeoutId: any;
+  _hideTimeoutId: number | undefined;
 
   /** Property watched by the animation framework to show or hide the tooltip */
   _visibility: TooltipVisibility = 'initial';
diff --git a/tools/public_api_guard/material/tooltip.md b/tools/public_api_guard/material/tooltip.md
index bf87a52a729e..6cbe483528cd 100644
--- a/tools/public_api_guard/material/tooltip.md
+++ b/tools/public_api_guard/material/tooltip.md
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ export abstract class _TooltipComponentBase implements OnDestroy {
     _animationStart(): void;
     _handleBodyInteraction(): void;
     hide(delay: number): void;
-    _hideTimeoutId: any;
+    _hideTimeoutId: number | undefined;
     isVisible(): boolean;
     _markForCheck(): void;
     message: string;
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ export abstract class _TooltipComponentBase implements OnDestroy {
     ngOnDestroy(): void;
     protected _onShow(): void;
     show(delay: number): void;
-    _showTimeoutId: any;
+    _showTimeoutId: number | undefined;
     tooltipClass: string | string[] | Set<string> | {
         [key: string]: any;
     };