diff --git a/providers/amazon/src/airflow/providers/amazon/aws/operators/bedrock.py b/providers/amazon/src/airflow/providers/amazon/aws/operators/bedrock.py
index deb60c8976251..6f238c8b60129 100644
--- a/providers/amazon/src/airflow/providers/amazon/aws/operators/bedrock.py
+++ b/providers/amazon/src/airflow/providers/amazon/aws/operators/bedrock.py
@@ -476,10 +476,17 @@ def _create_kb():
                     **self.create_knowledge_base_kwargs,
                 )["knowledgeBase"]["knowledgeBaseId"]
             except ClientError as error:
+                error_message = error.response["Error"]["Message"].lower()
+                is_known_retryable_message = (
+                    "no such index" in error_message
+                    # It may also be that permissions haven't even propagated yet to check for the index
+                    or "server returned 401" in error_message
+                    or "User does not have permissions" in error_message
+                )
                 if all(
                     [
                         error.response["Error"]["Code"] == "ValidationException",
-                        "no such index" in error.response["Error"]["Message"],
+                        is_known_retryable_message,
                         self.wait_for_indexing,
                         self.indexing_error_max_attempts > 0,
                     ]
diff --git a/providers/amazon/tests/system/amazon/aws/example_bedrock_retrieve_and_generate.py b/providers/amazon/tests/system/amazon/aws/example_bedrock_retrieve_and_generate.py
index a96266545687a..4b4d203964134 100644
--- a/providers/amazon/tests/system/amazon/aws/example_bedrock_retrieve_and_generate.py
+++ b/providers/amazon/tests/system/amazon/aws/example_bedrock_retrieve_and_generate.py
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 import boto3
 from botocore.exceptions import ClientError
 from opensearchpy import (
+    AuthenticationException,
     AuthorizationException,
     AWSV4SignerAuth,
     OpenSearch,
@@ -265,7 +266,7 @@ def create_vector_index(index_name: str, collection_id: str, region: str):
             response = oss_client.indices.create(index=index_name, body=json.dumps(index_config))
             log.info("Creating index: %s.", response)
             break
-        except AuthorizationException as e:
+        except (AuthorizationException, AuthenticationException) as e:
             # Index creation can take up to a minute and there is no (apparent?) way to check the current state.
             log.info(
                 "Access denied; policy permissions have likely not yet propagated, %s tries remaining.",