[AMORO-2296] Add cache for loading tables in core and trino

[HuangFru]

Why are the changes needed?

Close #2296.

Brief change log

• Add a cache for loading tables.
• Implement caching catalog in BasicMixedIcebergCatalog.

How was this patch tested?

• Add some test cases that check the changes thoroughly including negative and positive cases if possible

• Add screenshots for manual tests if appropriate

• Run test locally before making a pull request

Documentation

• Does this pull request introduce a new feature? (no)
• If yes, how is the feature documented? (not applicable)

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: 15 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (a87a2a9) 52.68% compared to head (611c4de) 52.66%.
Report is 11 commits behind head on master.

Files	Patch %	Lines
.../netease/arctic/trino/unkeyed/IcebergMetadata.java	70.00%	9 Missing ⚠️
...netease/arctic/mixed/BasicMixedIcebergCatalog.java	64.70%	2 Missing and 4 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##             master    #2298      +/-   ##
============================================
- Coverage     52.68%   52.66%   -0.02%     
+ Complexity     4208     4207       -1     
============================================
  Files           511      511              
  Lines         29263    29274      +11     
  Branches       2860     2862       +2     
============================================
  Hits          15418    15418              
- Misses        12592    12598       +6     
- Partials       1253     1258       +5     

Flag	Coverage Δ
core	52.95% <64.70%> (-0.02%)	⬇️
trino	51.20% <72.72%> (-0.07%)	⬇️

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[shidayang]

LGTM

[CLAassistant]

All committers have signed the CLA.

[baiyangtx]

LGTM