diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
index 95e72fe578b9..1219be782dd4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -28,6 +28,9 @@ jobs:
           - ubuntu-20.04
         os_name:
           - linux_openresty
+        events_module:
+          - lua-resty-worker-events
+          - lua-resty-events
         test_dir:
           - t/plugin/[a-k]*
           - t/plugin/[l-z]*
@@ -169,6 +172,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Linux Script
         env:
           TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR: ${{ matrix.test_dir }}
+          TEST_EVENTS_MODULE: ${{ matrix.events_module }}
         run: sudo -E ./ci/${{ matrix.os_name }}_runner.sh script
 
       - if: ${{ steps.cache-images.outputs.cache-hit != 'true' }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/centos7-ci.yml b/.github/workflows/centos7-ci.yml
index d2c447ef37ff..0200bd1e2be5 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/centos7-ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/centos7-ci.yml
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
+        events_module:
+          - lua-resty-worker-events
+          - lua-resty-events
         test_dir:
           - t/plugin/[a-k]*
           - t/plugin/[l-z]*
@@ -111,8 +114,9 @@ jobs:
     - name: Run centos7 docker and mapping apisix into container
       env:
         TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR: ${{ matrix.test_dir }}
+        TEST_EVENTS_MODULE: ${{ matrix.events_module }}
       run: |
-        docker run -itd -v ${{ github.workspace }}:/apisix --env TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR="$TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR" --name centos7Instance --net="host" --dns 8.8.8.8 --dns-search apache.org docker.io/centos:7 /bin/bash
+        docker run -itd -v ${{ github.workspace }}:/apisix --env TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR="$TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR" --env TEST_EVENTS_MODULE="$TEST_EVENTS_MODULE" --name centos7Instance --net="host" --dns 8.8.8.8 --dns-search apache.org docker.io/centos:7 /bin/bash
         # docker exec centos7Instance bash -c "cp -r /tmp/apisix ./"
 
     - name: Cache images
diff --git a/.github/workflows/redhat-ci.yaml b/.github/workflows/redhat-ci.yaml
index cc9d819bebe4..e38705772b9b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/redhat-ci.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/redhat-ci.yaml
@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
+        events_module:
+          - lua-resty-worker-events
+          - lua-resty-events
         test_dir:
           - t/plugin/[a-k]*
           - t/plugin/[l-z]*
@@ -107,8 +110,9 @@ jobs:
     - name: Run redhat docker and mapping apisix into container
       env:
         TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR: ${{ matrix.test_dir }}
+        TEST_EVENTS_MODULE: ${{ matrix.events_module }}
       run: |
-        docker run -itd -v ${{ github.workspace }}:/apisix --env TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR="$TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR" --name ubiInstance --net="host" --dns 8.8.8.8 --dns-search apache.org registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi:8.6 /bin/bash
+        docker run -itd -v ${{ github.workspace }}:/apisix --env TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR="$TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR" --env TEST_EVENTS_MODULE="$TEST_EVENTS_MODULE" --name ubiInstance --net="host" --dns 8.8.8.8 --dns-search apache.org registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi:8.6 /bin/bash
 
     - name: Cache images
       id: cache-images
diff --git a/apisix/cli/ngx_tpl.lua b/apisix/cli/ngx_tpl.lua
index 3e1aadd9b543..41374cefd6a0 100644
--- a/apisix/cli/ngx_tpl.lua
+++ b/apisix/cli/ngx_tpl.lua
@@ -199,6 +199,17 @@ stream {
         apisix.stream_init_worker()
     }
 
+    {% if (events.module or "") == "lua-resty-events" then %}
+    # the server block for lua-resty-events
+    server {
+        listen unix:{*apisix_lua_home*}/logs/stream_worker_events.sock;
+        access_log off;
+        content_by_lua_block {
+            require("resty.events.compat").run()
+        }
+    }
+    {% end %}
+
     server {
         {% for _, item in ipairs(stream_proxy.tcp or {}) do %}
         listen {*item.addr*} {% if item.tls then %} ssl {% end %} {% if enable_reuseport then %} reuseport {% end %} {% if proxy_protocol and proxy_protocol.enable_tcp_pp then %} proxy_protocol {% end %};
@@ -483,6 +494,19 @@ http {
         apisix.http_exit_worker()
     }
 
+    {% if (events.module or "") == "lua-resty-events" then %}
+    # the server block for lua-resty-events
+    server {
+        listen unix:{*apisix_lua_home*}/logs/worker_events.sock;
+        access_log off;
+        location / {
+            content_by_lua_block {
+                require("resty.events.compat").run()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    {% end %}
+
     {% if enable_control then %}
     server {
         listen {* control_server_addr *};
diff --git a/apisix/events.lua b/apisix/events.lua
index 7045a9bf5e9e..dac71ac15f61 100644
--- a/apisix/events.lua
+++ b/apisix/events.lua
@@ -15,18 +15,27 @@
 -- limitations under the License.
 --
 
-local require = require
-local error   = error
-local ngx     = ngx
-
-local _M = {}
+local require      = require
+local error        = error
+local assert       = assert
+local tostring     = tostring
+local pairs        = pairs
+local setmetatable = setmetatable
+local ngx          = ngx
+local core         = require("apisix.core")
+
+local _M = {
+    events_module = nil,
+}
 
 _M.EVENTS_MODULE_LUA_RESTY_WORKER_EVENTS = 'lua-resty-worker-events'
 _M.EVENTS_MODULE_LUA_RESTY_EVENTS = 'lua-resty-events'
 
 
 -- use lua-resty-worker-events
-local function init_worker_events()
+local function init_resty_worker_events()
+    _M.events_module = _M.EVENTS_MODULE_LUA_RESTY_WORKER_EVENTS
+
     local we = require("resty.worker.events")
     local shm = ngx.config.subsystem == "http" and "worker-events" or "worker-events-stream"
     local ok, err = we.configure({shm = shm, interval = 0.1})
@@ -38,17 +47,53 @@ local function init_worker_events()
 end
 
 
+-- use lua-resty-events
+local function init_resty_events()
+    _M.events_module = _M.EVENTS_MODULE_LUA_RESTY_EVENTS
+
+    local listening = "unix:" .. ngx.config.prefix() .. "logs/"
+    if ngx.config.subsystem == "http" then
+        listening = listening .. "worker_events.sock"
+    else
+        listening = listening .. "stream_worker_events.sock"
+    end
+    core.log.info("subsystem: " .. ngx.config.subsystem .. " listening sock: " .. listening)
+
+    local opts = {
+        unique_timeout = 5,     -- life time of unique event data in lrucache
+        broker_id = 0,          -- broker server runs in nginx worker #0
+        listening = listening,  -- unix socket for broker listening
+    }
+
+    local we = require("resty.events.compat")
+    assert(we.configure(opts))
+    assert(we.configured())
+
+    return we
+end
+
+
 function _M.init_worker()
     if _M.inited then
-        -- Prevent duplicate initializations in the same worker to
-        -- avoid potentially unanticipated behavior
+        -- prevent duplicate initializations in the same worker to
+        -- avoid potentially unexpected behavior
         return
     end
 
     _M.inited = true
 
-    -- use lua-resty-worker-events default now
-    _M.worker_events = init_worker_events()
+    local conf = core.config.local_conf()
+    local module_name = core.table.try_read_attr(conf, "apisix", "events", "module")
+                            or _M.EVENTS_MODULE_LUA_RESTY_WORKER_EVENTS
+
+    if module_name == _M.EVENTS_MODULE_LUA_RESTY_EVENTS then
+        -- use lua-resty-events as an event module via the apisix.events.module
+        -- key in the configuration file
+        _M.worker_events = init_resty_events()
+    else
+        -- use lua-resty-worker-events default now
+        _M.worker_events = init_resty_worker_events()
+    end
 end
 
 
@@ -57,8 +102,23 @@ function _M.register(self, ...)
 end
 
 
-function _M.event_list(self, ...)
-    return self.worker_events.event_list(...)
+function _M.event_list(self, source, ...)
+    -- a patch for the lua-resty-events to support event_list
+    -- this snippet is copied from the lua-resty-worker-events lib
+    if self.events_module == _M.EVENTS_MODULE_LUA_RESTY_EVENTS then
+        local events = { _source = source }
+        for _, event in pairs({...}) do
+            events[event] = event
+        end
+        return setmetatable(events, {
+            __index = function(_, key)
+            error("event '"..tostring(key).."' is an unknown event", 2)
+            end
+        })
+    end
+
+    -- the lua-resty-worker-events has a built-in event_list implementation
+    return self.worker_events.event_list(source, ...)
 end
 
 
@@ -67,4 +127,13 @@ function _M.post(self, ...)
 end
 
 
+function _M.get_healthcheck_events_modele(self)
+    if self.events_module == _M.EVENTS_MODULE_LUA_RESTY_EVENTS then
+        return "resty.events"
+    else
+        return "resty.worker.events"
+    end
+end
+
+
 return _M
diff --git a/apisix/upstream.lua b/apisix/upstream.lua
index d8e3f3a98750..5a92879db24f 100644
--- a/apisix/upstream.lua
+++ b/apisix/upstream.lua
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ local core = require("apisix.core")
 local discovery = require("apisix.discovery.init").discovery
 local upstream_util = require("apisix.utils.upstream")
 local apisix_ssl = require("apisix.ssl")
+local events = require("apisix.events")
 local error = error
 local tostring = tostring
 local ipairs = ipairs
@@ -110,10 +111,18 @@ local function create_checker(upstream)
     end
     upstream.is_creating_checker = true
 
+    core.log.debug("events module used by the healthcheck: ", events.events_module,
+                    ", module name: ",events:get_healthcheck_events_modele())
+
     local checker, err = healthcheck.new({
         name = get_healthchecker_name(healthcheck_parent),
         shm_name = "upstream-healthcheck",
         checks = upstream.checks,
+        -- the events.init_worker will be executed in the init_worker phase,
+        -- events.healthcheck_events_module is set
+        -- while the healthcheck object is executed in the http access phase,
+        -- so it can be used here
+        events_module = events:get_healthcheck_events_modele(),
     })
 
     if not checker then
diff --git a/ci/centos7-ci.sh b/ci/centos7-ci.sh
index beb3750a1f56..821fbcdc55c6 100755
--- a/ci/centos7-ci.sh
+++ b/ci/centos7-ci.sh
@@ -40,12 +40,19 @@ install_dependencies() {
 
     # install openresty to make apisix's rpm test work
     yum install -y yum-utils && yum-config-manager --add-repo https://openresty.org/package/centos/openresty.repo
-    wget "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api7/apisix-build-tools/apisix-runtime/${APISIX_RUNTIME}/build-apisix-runtime-debug-centos7.sh"
-    wget "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api7/apisix-build-tools/apisix-runtime/${APISIX_RUNTIME}/build-apisix-runtime.sh"
+
+    # TODO: disabled temporarily, waiting for APISIX 3.8 to be released to synchronize the apisix-runtime version
+    #wget "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api7/apisix-build-tools/apisix-runtime/${APISIX_RUNTIME}/build-apisix-runtime-debug-centos7.sh"
+    #wget "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api7/apisix-build-tools/apisix-runtime/${APISIX_RUNTIME}/build-apisix-runtime.sh"
+    wget "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api7/apisix-build-tools/master/build-apisix-runtime-debug-centos7.sh"
+    wget "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api7/apisix-build-tools/master/build-apisix-runtime.sh"
     chmod +x build-apisix-runtime-debug-centos7.sh
     chmod +x build-apisix-runtime.sh
     ./build-apisix-runtime-debug-centos7.sh
 
+    # patch lua-resty-events
+    sed -i 's/log(ERR, "event worker failed: ", perr)/log(ngx.WARN, "event worker failed: ", perr)/' /usr/local/openresty/lualib/resty/events/worker.lua
+
     # install luarocks
     ./utils/linux-install-luarocks.sh
 
@@ -95,7 +102,7 @@ run_case() {
     make init
     set_coredns
     # run test cases
-    FLUSH_ETCD=1 prove --timer -Itest-nginx/lib -I./ -r ${TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR} | tee /tmp/test.result
+    FLUSH_ETCD=1 TEST_EVENTS_MODULE=$TEST_EVENTS_MODULE prove --timer -Itest-nginx/lib -I./ -r ${TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR} | tee /tmp/test.result
     rerun_flaky_tests /tmp/test.result
 }
 
diff --git a/ci/linux-install-openresty.sh b/ci/linux-install-openresty.sh
index 59807fbc8bff..36ca62089b82 100755
--- a/ci/linux-install-openresty.sh
+++ b/ci/linux-install-openresty.sh
@@ -80,6 +80,11 @@ if [ "$OPENRESTY_VERSION" == "source" ]; then
     fi
 fi
 
-wget "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api7/apisix-build-tools/apisix-runtime/${APISIX_RUNTIME}/build-apisix-runtime.sh"
+# TODO: disabled temporarily, waiting for APISIX 3.8 to be released to synchronize the apisix-runtime version
+#wget "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api7/apisix-build-tools/apisix-runtime/${APISIX_RUNTIME}/build-apisix-runtime.sh"
+wget "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api7/apisix-build-tools/master/build-apisix-runtime.sh"
 chmod +x build-apisix-runtime.sh
 ./build-apisix-runtime.sh latest
+
+# patch lua-resty-events
+sudo sed -i 's/log(ERR, "event worker failed: ", perr)/log(ngx.WARN, "event worker failed: ", perr)/' /usr/local/openresty/lualib/resty/events/worker.lua
diff --git a/ci/linux_openresty_common_runner.sh b/ci/linux_openresty_common_runner.sh
index 466fe8b69651..dc15fd7ca27b 100755
--- a/ci/linux_openresty_common_runner.sh
+++ b/ci/linux_openresty_common_runner.sh
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ script() {
     start_grpc_server_example
 
     # APISIX_ENABLE_LUACOV=1 PERL5LIB=.:$PERL5LIB prove -Itest-nginx/lib -r t
-    FLUSH_ETCD=1 prove --timer -Itest-nginx/lib -I./ -r $TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR | tee /tmp/test.result
+    FLUSH_ETCD=1 TEST_EVENTS_MODULE=$TEST_EVENTS_MODULE prove --timer -Itest-nginx/lib -I./ -r $TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR | tee /tmp/test.result
     rerun_flaky_tests /tmp/test.result
 }
 
diff --git a/ci/redhat-ci.sh b/ci/redhat-ci.sh
index d40ccbfeb495..4a5963e256a4 100755
--- a/ci/redhat-ci.sh
+++ b/ci/redhat-ci.sh
@@ -37,12 +37,18 @@ install_dependencies() {
     yum install -y openresty-openssl111 openresty-openssl111-devel pcre pcre pcre-devel xz
     yum -y install https://repos.apiseven.com/packages/centos/apache-apisix-repo-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
 
-    wget "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api7/apisix-build-tools/apisix-runtime/${APISIX_RUNTIME}/build-apisix-runtime-debug-centos7.sh"
-    wget "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api7/apisix-build-tools/apisix-runtime/${APISIX_RUNTIME}/build-apisix-runtime.sh"
+    # TODO: disabled temporarily, waiting for APISIX 3.8 to be released to synchronize the apisix-runtime version
+    #wget "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api7/apisix-build-tools/apisix-runtime/${APISIX_RUNTIME}/build-apisix-runtime-debug-centos7.sh"
+    #wget "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api7/apisix-build-tools/apisix-runtime/${APISIX_RUNTIME}/build-apisix-runtime.sh"
+    wget "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api7/apisix-build-tools/master/build-apisix-runtime-debug-centos7.sh"
+    wget "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api7/apisix-build-tools/master/build-apisix-runtime.sh"
     chmod +x build-apisix-runtime.sh
     chmod +x build-apisix-runtime-debug-centos7.sh
     ./build-apisix-runtime-debug-centos7.sh
 
+    # patch lua-resty-events
+    sed -i 's/log(ERR, "event worker failed: ", perr)/log(ngx.WARN, "event worker failed: ", perr)/' /usr/local/openresty/lualib/resty/events/worker.lua
+
     # install luarocks
     ./utils/linux-install-luarocks.sh
 
@@ -94,7 +100,7 @@ run_case() {
     make init
     set_coredns
     # run test cases
-    FLUSH_ETCD=1 prove --timer -Itest-nginx/lib -I./ -r ${TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR} | tee /tmp/test.result
+    FLUSH_ETCD=1 TEST_EVENTS_MODULE=$TEST_EVENTS_MODULE prove --timer -Itest-nginx/lib -I./ -r ${TEST_FILE_SUB_DIR} | tee /tmp/test.result
     rerun_flaky_tests /tmp/test.result
 }
 
diff --git a/conf/config-default.yaml b/conf/config-default.yaml
index 8717d1398b3f..d53f2ce59b1c 100755
--- a/conf/config-default.yaml
+++ b/conf/config-default.yaml
@@ -139,6 +139,10 @@ apisix:
                                   # with the new key. Removing the old keys directly can render the data
                                   # unrecoverable.
 
+  events:                             # Event distribution module configuration
+    module: lua-resty-events          # Sets the name of the events module used.
+                                      # Supported module: lua-resty-worker-events and lua-resty-events
+
 nginx_config:                     # Config for render the template to generate nginx.conf
   # user: root                    # Set the execution user of the worker process. This is only
                                   # effective if the master process runs with super-user privileges.
diff --git a/t/APISIX.pm b/t/APISIX.pm
index a8c49348f563..630ac6311cbc 100644
--- a/t/APISIX.pm
+++ b/t/APISIX.pm
@@ -78,10 +78,12 @@ if ($custom_dns_server) {
 }
 
 
+my $events_module = $ENV{TEST_EVENTS_MODULE} // "lua-resty-events";
 my $default_yaml_config = read_file("conf/config-default.yaml");
 # enable example-plugin as some tests require it
 $default_yaml_config =~ s/#- example-plugin/- example-plugin/;
 $default_yaml_config =~ s/enable_export_server: true/enable_export_server: false/;
+$default_yaml_config =~ s/module: lua-resty-events/module: $events_module/;
 
 my $user_yaml_config = read_file("conf/config.yaml");
 my $ssl_crt = read_file("t/certs/apisix.crt");
@@ -437,6 +439,14 @@ _EOC_
 
     $extra_stream_config
 
+    server {
+        listen unix:$apisix_home/t/servroot/logs/stream_worker_events.sock;
+        access_log off;
+        content_by_lua_block {
+            require("resty.events.compat").run()
+        }
+    }
+
     # fake server, only for test
     server {
         listen 1995;
@@ -687,6 +697,18 @@ _EOC_
         }
     }
 
+_EOC_
+
+    $http_config .= <<_EOC_;
+    server {
+        listen unix:$apisix_home/t/servroot/logs/worker_events.sock;
+        access_log off;
+        location / {
+            content_by_lua_block {
+                require("resty.events.compat").run()
+            }
+        }
+    }
 _EOC_
 
     $block->set_value("http_config", $http_config);
diff --git a/t/cli/test_cmd.sh b/t/cli/test_cmd.sh
index 81864aeb9a18..2f3a46cd2070 100755
--- a/t/cli/test_cmd.sh
+++ b/t/cli/test_cmd.sh
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ fi
 
 bin/apisix quit
 
-sleep 0.5
+sleep 2
 
 if ps -ef | grep "worker process is shutting down" | grep -v "grep"; then
     echo "all workers should exited"
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ fi
 
 bin/apisix reload
 
-sleep 0.5
+sleep 3
 
 if ps -ef | grep "worker process is shutting down" | grep -v "grep"; then
     echo "old workers should exited"
diff --git a/t/discovery/consul_dump.t b/t/discovery/consul_dump.t
index c74e5b1500bd..42c8f7eb24a4 100644
--- a/t/discovery/consul_dump.t
+++ b/t/discovery/consul_dump.t
@@ -471,6 +471,7 @@ location /v1/agent {
 --- response_body eval
 --- error_code eval
 [200, 200, 200, 200, 200, 200]
+--- wait: 2
 
 
 
diff --git a/t/node/healthcheck-discovery.t b/t/node/healthcheck-discovery.t
index e8e21b04240f..8a9b0e9769fc 100644
--- a/t/node/healthcheck-discovery.t
+++ b/t/node/healthcheck-discovery.t
@@ -153,8 +153,6 @@ qr/(create new checker|try to release checker): table/
 create new checker: table
 try to release checker: table
 create new checker: table
---- no_error_log
-all upstream nodes is unhealthy, use default
 
 
 
diff --git a/t/node/healthcheck-ipv6.t b/t/node/healthcheck-ipv6.t
index 69e375adc9c6..dc33dece2633 100644
--- a/t/node/healthcheck-ipv6.t
+++ b/t/node/healthcheck-ipv6.t
@@ -94,6 +94,8 @@ qr/^.*?\[error\](?!.*process exiting).*/
 --- config
     location /t {
         content_by_lua_block {
+            ngx.sleep(3) -- wait for new workers replacement to complete
+
             local http = require "resty.http"
             local uri = "http://127.0.0.1:" .. ngx.var.server_port
                         .. "/server_port"
diff --git a/t/node/healthcheck-multiple-worker.t b/t/node/healthcheck-multiple-worker.t
index 469eb22f40c6..fa6076e07cf0 100644
--- a/t/node/healthcheck-multiple-worker.t
+++ b/t/node/healthcheck-multiple-worker.t
@@ -90,6 +90,8 @@ qr/^.*?\[error\](?!.*process exiting).*/
 --- config
     location /t {
         content_by_lua_block {
+            ngx.sleep(3) -- wait for new workers replacement to complete
+
             local http = require "resty.http"
             local uri = "http://127.0.0.1:" .. ngx.var.server_port
                         .. "/server_port"
@@ -136,4 +138,4 @@ qr/unhealthy TCP increment/
 --- grep_error_log_out
 unhealthy TCP increment
 unhealthy TCP increment
---- timeout: 10
+--- timeout: 20
diff --git a/t/node/healthcheck-passive-resty-events.t b/t/node/healthcheck-passive-resty-events.t
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d90cbece7459
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/node/healthcheck-passive-resty-events.t
@@ -0,0 +1,382 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+BEGIN {
+    if ($ENV{TEST_EVENTS_MODULE} ne "lua-resty-events") {
+        $SkipReason = "Only for lua-resty-events events module";
+    }
+}
+
+use Test::Nginx::Socket::Lua $SkipReason ? (skip_all => $SkipReason) : ();
+use t::APISIX 'no_plan';
+
+repeat_each(1);
+log_level('info');
+no_root_location();
+no_shuffle();
+worker_connections(256);
+
+run_tests();
+
+__DATA__
+
+=== TEST 1: set route(passive)
+--- config
+    location /t {
+        content_by_lua_block {
+            local t = require("lib.test_admin").test
+            local code, body = t('/apisix/admin/routes/1',
+                ngx.HTTP_PUT,
+                [[{
+                    "uri": "/server_port",
+                    "upstream": {
+                        "type": "roundrobin",
+                        "nodes": {
+                            "127.0.0.1:1980": 0,
+                            "127.0.0.1:1": 1
+                        },
+                        "retries": 0,
+                        "checks": {
+                            "active": {
+                                "http_path": "/status",
+                                "host": "foo.com",
+                                "healthy": {
+                                    "interval": 100,
+                                    "successes": 1
+                                },
+                                "unhealthy": {
+                                    "interval": 100,
+                                    "http_failures": 2
+                                }
+                            },]] .. [[
+                            "passive": {
+                                "healthy": {
+                                    "http_statuses": [200, 201],
+                                    "successes": 3
+                                },
+                                "unhealthy": {
+                                    "http_statuses": [502],
+                                    "http_failures": 1,
+                                    "tcp_failures": 1
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }]]
+                )
+
+            if code >= 300 then
+                ngx.status = code
+            end
+            ngx.say(body)
+        }
+    }
+--- request
+GET /t
+--- response_body
+passed
+
+
+
+=== TEST 2: hit routes (two healthy nodes)
+--- config
+    location /t {
+        content_by_lua_block {
+            ngx.sleep(3) -- wait for sync
+
+            local json_sort = require("toolkit.json")
+            local http = require("resty.http")
+            local uri = "http://127.0.0.1:" .. ngx.var.server_port .. "/server_port"
+
+            local httpc = http.new()
+            -- Since a failed request attempt triggers a passive health check to report
+            -- a non-health condition, a request is first triggered manually here to
+            -- trigger a passive health check to refresh the monitoring state of the build
+            --
+            -- The reason for this is to avoid delays in event synchronization timing due
+            -- to non-deterministic asynchronous connections when using lua-resty-events
+            -- as an events module.
+            local res, err = httpc:request_uri(uri, {method = "GET", keepalive = false})
+            if not res then
+                ngx.say(err)
+                return
+            end
+            ngx.sleep(1) -- Wait for health check unhealthy events sync
+
+            local ports_count = {}
+            for i = 1, 6 do
+                local res, err = httpc:request_uri(uri, {method = "GET", keepalive = false})
+                if not res then
+                    ngx.say(err)
+                    return
+                end
+
+                local status = tostring(res.status)
+                ports_count[status] = (ports_count[status] or 0) + 1
+            end
+
+            ngx.say(json_sort.encode(ports_count))
+            ngx.exit(200)
+        }
+    }
+--- request
+GET /t
+--- response_body
+{"200":5,"502":1}
+--- error_log
+(upstream#/apisix/routes/1) unhealthy HTTP increment (1/1)
+--- timeout: 10
+
+
+
+=== TEST 3: set route(only passive)
+--- config
+    location /t {
+        content_by_lua_block {
+            local t = require("lib.test_admin").test
+            local code, body = t('/apisix/admin/routes/1',
+                ngx.HTTP_PUT,
+                [[{
+                    "uri": "/server_port",
+                    "upstream": {
+                        "type": "roundrobin",
+                        "nodes": {
+                            "127.0.0.1:1980": 0,
+                            "127.0.0.1:1": 1
+                        },
+                        "retries": 0,
+                        "checks": {
+                            "passive": {
+                                "healthy": {
+                                    "http_statuses": [200, 201],
+                                    "successes": 3
+                                },
+                                "unhealthy": {
+                                    "http_statuses": [502],
+                                    "http_failures": 1,
+                                    "tcp_failures": 1
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }]]
+                )
+
+            if code >= 300 then
+                ngx.status = code
+            end
+            ngx.print(body)
+        }
+    }
+--- request
+GET /t
+--- error_code: 400
+--- response_body
+{"error_msg":"invalid configuration: property \"upstream\" validation failed: property \"checks\" validation failed: object matches none of the required: [\"active\"] or [\"active\",\"passive\"]"}
+
+
+
+=== TEST 4: set route(only active + active & passive)
+--- config
+    location /t {
+        content_by_lua_block {
+            local t = require("lib.test_admin").test
+            local code, body = t('/apisix/admin/routes/1',
+                ngx.HTTP_PUT,
+                [[{
+                    "uri": "/hello",
+                    "upstream": {
+                        "type": "roundrobin",
+                        "nodes": {
+                            "127.0.0.1:1980": 0,
+                            "127.0.0.1:1": 1
+                        },
+                        "retries": 0,
+                        "checks": {
+                            "active": {
+                                "http_path": "/status",
+                                "host": "foo.com",
+                                "healthy": {
+                                    "interval": 100,
+                                    "successes": 1
+                                },
+                                "unhealthy": {
+                                    "interval": 100,
+                                    "http_failures": 2
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }]]
+                )
+
+            if code >= 300 then
+                ngx.status = code
+                ngx.say(body)
+                return
+            end
+
+            local code, body = t('/apisix/admin/routes/2',
+                ngx.HTTP_PUT,
+                [[{
+                    "uri": "/hello_",
+                    "upstream": {
+                        "type": "roundrobin",
+                        "nodes": {
+                            "127.0.0.1:1980": 0,
+                            "127.0.0.1:1": 1
+                        },
+                        "retries": 0,
+                        "checks": {
+                            "active": {
+                                "http_path": "/status",
+                                "host": "foo.com",
+                                "healthy": {
+                                    "interval": 100,
+                                    "successes": 1
+                                },
+                                "unhealthy": {
+                                    "interval": 100,
+                                    "http_failures": 2
+                                }
+                            },]] .. [[
+                            "passive": {
+                                "healthy": {
+                                    "http_statuses": [200, 201],
+                                    "successes": 3
+                                },
+                                "unhealthy": {
+                                    "http_statuses": [502],
+                                    "http_failures": 1,
+                                    "tcp_failures": 1
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }]]
+                )
+
+            if code >= 300 then
+                ngx.status = code
+            end
+            ngx.say(body)
+        }
+    }
+--- request
+GET /t
+--- response_body
+passed
+
+
+
+=== TEST 5: only one route should have passive healthcheck
+--- config
+    location /t {
+        content_by_lua_block {
+            local t = require("lib.test_admin").test
+            local json_sort = require("toolkit.json")
+            local http = require("resty.http")
+            local uri = "http://127.0.0.1:" .. ngx.var.server_port
+
+            local ports_count = {}
+            local httpc = http.new()
+            local res, err = httpc:request_uri(uri .. "/hello_")
+            if not res then
+                ngx.say(err)
+                return
+            end
+            ngx.say(res.status)
+
+            -- only /hello_ has passive healthcheck
+            local res, err = httpc:request_uri(uri .. "/hello")
+            if not res then
+                ngx.say(err)
+                return
+            end
+            ngx.say(res.status)
+        }
+    }
+--- request
+GET /t
+--- response_body
+502
+502
+--- grep_error_log eval
+qr/enabled healthcheck passive/
+--- grep_error_log_out
+enabled healthcheck passive
+
+
+
+=== TEST 6: make sure passive healthcheck works (conf is not corrupted by the default value)
+--- config
+    location /t {
+        content_by_lua_block {
+            local t = require("lib.test_admin").test
+            local json_sort = require("toolkit.json")
+            local http = require("resty.http")
+            local uri = "http://127.0.0.1:" .. ngx.var.server_port
+
+            local httpc = http.new()
+            local res, err = httpc:request_uri(uri .. "/hello")
+            if not res then
+                ngx.say(err)
+                return
+            end
+            ngx.say(res.status)
+
+            -- The first time request to /hello_
+            -- Ensure that the event that triggers the healthchecker to perform
+            -- add_target has been sent and processed correctly
+            --
+            -- Due to the implementation of lua-resty-events, it relies on the kernel and
+            -- the Nginx event loop to process socket connections.
+            -- When lua-resty-healthcheck handles passive healthchecks and uses lua-resty-events
+            -- as the events module, the synchronization of the first event usually occurs
+            -- before the start of the passive healthcheck. So when the execution finishes and
+            -- healthchecker tries to record the healthcheck status, it will not be able to find
+            -- an existing target (because the synchronization event has not finished yet), which
+            -- will lead to some anomalies that deviate from the original test case, so compatibility
+            -- operations are performed here.
+            local res, err = httpc:request_uri(uri .. "/hello_")
+            if not res then
+                ngx.say(err)
+                return
+            end
+            ngx.say(res.status)
+
+            ngx.sleep(1) -- Wait for health check unhealthy events sync
+
+            -- The second time request to /hello_
+            local res, err = httpc:request_uri(uri .. "/hello_")
+            if not res then
+                ngx.say(err)
+                return
+            end
+            ngx.say(res.status)
+        }
+    }
+--- request
+GET /t
+--- response_body
+502
+502
+502
+--- grep_error_log eval
+qr/\[healthcheck\] \([^)]+\) unhealthy HTTP increment/
+--- grep_error_log_out
+[healthcheck] (upstream#/apisix/routes/2) unhealthy HTTP increment
diff --git a/t/node/healthcheck-passive.t b/t/node/healthcheck-passive.t
index f3f694b9f38f..7404ff0169fb 100644
--- a/t/node/healthcheck-passive.t
+++ b/t/node/healthcheck-passive.t
@@ -15,6 +15,13 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 #
 
+BEGIN {
+    if ($ENV{TEST_EVENTS_MODULE} ne "lua-resty-worker-events") {
+        $SkipReason = "Only for lua-resty-worker-events events module";
+    }
+}
+
+use Test::Nginx::Socket::Lua $SkipReason ? (skip_all => $SkipReason) : ();
 use t::APISIX 'no_plan';
 
 repeat_each(1);
diff --git a/t/node/healthcheck.t b/t/node/healthcheck.t
index 3053a0bb713f..546b06db4870 100644
--- a/t/node/healthcheck.t
+++ b/t/node/healthcheck.t
@@ -80,15 +80,22 @@ qr/^.*?\[error\](?!.*process exiting).*/
 --- config
     location /t {
         content_by_lua_block {
-            ngx.sleep(2) -- wait for sync
+            ngx.sleep(3) -- wait for sync
 
             local http = require "resty.http"
+            local httpc = http.new()
             local uri = "http://127.0.0.1:" .. ngx.var.server_port
                         .. "/server_port"
 
+            -- hit route before start test loop
+            local res, err = httpc:request_uri(uri, {method = "GET", keepalive = false})
+            if not res then
+                ngx.say(err)
+                return
+            end
+
             local ports_count = {}
             for i = 1, 12 do
-                local httpc = http.new()
                 local res, err = httpc:request_uri(uri, {method = "GET", keepalive = false})
                 if not res then
                     ngx.say(err)
@@ -118,7 +125,7 @@ GET /t
 --- grep_error_log eval
 qr/^.*?\[error\](?!.*process exiting).*/
 --- grep_error_log_out
---- timeout: 6
+--- timeout: 10