diff --git a/parquet/Cargo.toml b/parquet/Cargo.toml
index 50f69fea5441..a4e6e89b1bfa 100644
--- a/parquet/Cargo.toml
+++ b/parquet/Cargo.toml
@@ -175,6 +175,11 @@ name = "encryption"
 required-features = ["arrow"]
 path = "./tests/encryption/mod.rs"
 
+[[test]]
+name = "metadata_memory"
+required-features = ["arrow", "encryption"]
+path = "./tests/metadata_memory.rs"
+
 [[test]]
 name = "variant_integration"
 required-features = ["arrow", "variant_experimental", "serde"]
diff --git a/parquet/tests/metadata_memory.rs b/parquet/tests/metadata_memory.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..78e6690ec79c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/parquet/tests/metadata_memory.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+//! Tests calculation of the Parquet metadata heap size
+
+use parquet::arrow::arrow_reader::{ArrowReaderMetadata, ArrowReaderOptions};
+use parquet::encryption::decrypt::FileDecryptionProperties;
+use parquet::file::metadata::PageIndexPolicy;
+use std::alloc::{GlobalAlloc, Layout, System};
+use std::fs::File;
+use std::hint::black_box;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
+
+pub struct TrackingAllocator {
+    pub bytes_allocated: AtomicUsize,
+}
+
+impl TrackingAllocator {
+    pub const fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            bytes_allocated: AtomicUsize::new(0),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn bytes_allocated(&self) -> usize {
+        self.bytes_allocated.load(Ordering::Relaxed)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for TrackingAllocator {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
+
+unsafe impl GlobalAlloc for TrackingAllocator {
+    unsafe fn alloc(&self, layout: Layout) -> *mut u8 {
+        self.bytes_allocated
+            .fetch_add(layout.size(), Ordering::Relaxed);
+        unsafe { System.alloc(layout) }
+    }
+
+    unsafe fn dealloc(&self, ptr: *mut u8, layout: Layout) {
+        self.bytes_allocated
+            .fetch_sub(layout.size(), Ordering::Relaxed);
+        unsafe { System.dealloc(ptr, layout) }
+    }
+}
+
+#[global_allocator]
+static ALLOCATOR: TrackingAllocator = TrackingAllocator::new();
+
+#[test]
+fn test_metadata_heap_memory() {
+    // Run test cases sequentially so that heap allocations
+    // are restricted to a single test case at a time.
+    let test_data = arrow::util::test_util::parquet_test_data();
+    let reader_options =
+        ArrowReaderOptions::default().with_page_index_policy(PageIndexPolicy::Required);
+
+    {
+        let path = format!("{test_data}/alltypes_dictionary.parquet");
+        verify_metadata_heap_memory(&path, || reader_options.clone());
+    }
+
+    {
+        // Calculated heap size doesn't match exactly, possibly due to extra overhead not accounted
+        // for in the HeapSize implementation for parquet::data_type::ByteArray.
+        let path = format!("{test_data}/alltypes_tiny_pages_plain.parquet");
+        verify_metadata_heap_memory(&path, || reader_options.clone());
+    }
+
+    {
+        let path = format!("{test_data}/data_index_bloom_encoding_with_length.parquet");
+        verify_metadata_heap_memory(&path, || reader_options.clone());
+    }
+
+    {
+        let path = format!("{test_data}/encrypt_columns_plaintext_footer.parquet.encrypted");
+
+        let footer_key = b"0123456789012345";
+        let column_1_key = b"1234567890123450";
+        let column_2_key = b"1234567890123451";
+
+        // Delay creating the FileDecryptionProperties as their heap memory is included
+        // in the heap size calculation.
+        let get_options = || {
+            let decryption_properties = FileDecryptionProperties::builder(footer_key.into())
+                .with_column_key("double_field", column_1_key.into())
+                .with_column_key("float_field", column_2_key.into())
+                .build()
+                .unwrap();
+            reader_options
+                .clone()
+                .with_file_decryption_properties(decryption_properties)
+        };
+
+        verify_metadata_heap_memory(&path, get_options);
+    }
+}
+
+fn verify_metadata_heap_memory<F>(path: &str, get_options: F)
+where
+    F: FnOnce() -> ArrowReaderOptions,
+{
+    let input_file = File::open(path).unwrap();
+
+    let baseline = ALLOCATOR.bytes_allocated();
+
+    let options = get_options();
+    let reader_metadata = ArrowReaderMetadata::load(&input_file, options).unwrap();
+    let metadata = Arc::clone(reader_metadata.metadata());
+    drop(reader_metadata);
+
+    let metadata_heap_size = metadata.memory_size();
+
+    let arc_overhead = std::mem::size_of::<usize>() * 2;
+    let allocated = ALLOCATOR.bytes_allocated() - baseline - arc_overhead;
+    black_box(metadata);
+
+    assert!(metadata_heap_size > 0);
+    // Allow for some tolerance in the calculated heap size as this can be platform
+    // dependant and not always exact.
+    let rel_tol = 0.025;
+    let min_size = ((allocated as f64) * (1.0 - rel_tol)) as usize;
+    let max_size = ((allocated as f64) * (1.0 + rel_tol)) as usize;
+    assert!(
+        metadata_heap_size >= min_size && metadata_heap_size <= max_size,
+        "Calculated heap size {} doesn't match the allocated size {} within a relative tolerance of {} for file {}",
+        metadata_heap_size,
+        allocated,
+        rel_tol,
+        path
+    );
+}