diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/array/statistics.h b/cpp/src/arrow/array/statistics.h
index 5380debe3b6..6accd48af77 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/array/statistics.h
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/array/statistics.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <variant>
 
+#include "arrow/compare.h"
 #include "arrow/type.h"
 #include "arrow/util/visibility.h"
 
@@ -127,11 +128,17 @@ struct ARROW_EXPORT ArrayStatistics {
   /// \brief Whether the maximum value is exact or not
   bool is_max_exact = false;
 
-  /// \brief Check two statistics for equality
-  bool Equals(const ArrayStatistics& other) const {
-    return null_count == other.null_count && distinct_count == other.distinct_count &&
-           min == other.min && is_min_exact == other.is_min_exact && max == other.max &&
-           is_max_exact == other.is_max_exact;
+  /// \brief Check two \ref arrow::ArrayStatistics for equality
+  ///
+  /// \param other The \ref arrow::ArrayStatistics instance to compare against.
+  ///
+  /// \param equal_options Options used to compare double values for equality.
+  ///
+  /// \return True if the two \ref arrow::ArrayStatistics instances are equal; otherwise,
+  /// false.
+  bool Equals(const ArrayStatistics& other,
+              const EqualOptions& equal_options = EqualOptions::Defaults()) const {
+    return ArrayStatisticsEquals(*this, other, equal_options);
   }
 
   /// \brief Check two statistics for equality
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/array/statistics_test.cc b/cpp/src/arrow/array/statistics_test.cc
index cf15a5d3829..95199a9683b 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/array/statistics_test.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/array/statistics_test.cc
@@ -15,13 +15,17 @@
 // specific language governing permissions and limitations
 // under the License.
 
+#include <limits>
+#include <variant>
+
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include "arrow/array/statistics.h"
+#include "arrow/compare.h"
 
 namespace arrow {
 
-TEST(ArrayStatisticsTest, TestNullCount) {
+TEST(TestArrayStatistics, NullCount) {
   ArrayStatistics statistics;
   ASSERT_FALSE(statistics.null_count.has_value());
   statistics.null_count = 29;
@@ -29,7 +33,7 @@ TEST(ArrayStatisticsTest, TestNullCount) {
   ASSERT_EQ(29, statistics.null_count.value());
 }
 
-TEST(ArrayStatisticsTest, TestDistinctCount) {
+TEST(TestArrayStatistics, DistinctCount) {
   ArrayStatistics statistics;
   ASSERT_FALSE(statistics.distinct_count.has_value());
   statistics.distinct_count = 29;
@@ -37,7 +41,7 @@ TEST(ArrayStatisticsTest, TestDistinctCount) {
   ASSERT_EQ(29, statistics.distinct_count.value());
 }
 
-TEST(ArrayStatisticsTest, TestMin) {
+TEST(TestArrayStatistics, Min) {
   ArrayStatistics statistics;
   ASSERT_FALSE(statistics.min.has_value());
   ASSERT_FALSE(statistics.is_min_exact);
@@ -49,7 +53,7 @@ TEST(ArrayStatisticsTest, TestMin) {
   ASSERT_TRUE(statistics.is_min_exact);
 }
 
-TEST(ArrayStatisticsTest, TestMax) {
+TEST(TestArrayStatistics, Max) {
   ArrayStatistics statistics;
   ASSERT_FALSE(statistics.max.has_value());
   ASSERT_FALSE(statistics.is_max_exact);
@@ -61,7 +65,7 @@ TEST(ArrayStatisticsTest, TestMax) {
   ASSERT_FALSE(statistics.is_max_exact);
 }
 
-TEST(ArrayStatisticsTest, TestEquality) {
+TEST(TestArrayStatistics, EqualityNonDoulbeValue) {
   ArrayStatistics statistics1;
   ArrayStatistics statistics2;
 
@@ -96,6 +100,56 @@ TEST(ArrayStatisticsTest, TestEquality) {
   ASSERT_NE(statistics1, statistics2);
   statistics2.is_max_exact = true;
   ASSERT_EQ(statistics1, statistics2);
+
+  // Test different ArrayStatistics::ValueType
+  statistics1.max = static_cast<uint64_t>(29);
+  statistics1.max = static_cast<int64_t>(29);
+  ASSERT_NE(statistics1, statistics2);
+}
+
+class TestArrayStatisticsEqualityDoubleValue : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  ArrayStatistics statistics1_;
+  ArrayStatistics statistics2_;
+  EqualOptions options_ = EqualOptions::Defaults();
+};
+
+TEST_F(TestArrayStatisticsEqualityDoubleValue, ExactValue) {
+  statistics2_.min = 29.0;
+  statistics1_.min = 29.0;
+  ASSERT_EQ(statistics1_, statistics2_);
+  statistics2_.min = 30.0;
+  ASSERT_NE(statistics1_, statistics2_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestArrayStatisticsEqualityDoubleValue, SignedZero) {
+  statistics1_.min = +0.0;
+  statistics2_.min = -0.0;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(statistics1_.Equals(statistics2_, options_.signed_zeros_equal(true)));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(statistics1_.Equals(statistics2_, options_.signed_zeros_equal(false)));
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestArrayStatisticsEqualityDoubleValue, Infinity) {
+  auto infinity = std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
+  statistics1_.min = infinity;
+  statistics2_.min = infinity;
+  ASSERT_EQ(statistics1_, statistics2_);
+  statistics1_.min = -infinity;
+  ASSERT_NE(statistics1_, statistics2_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestArrayStatisticsEqualityDoubleValue, NaN) {
+  statistics1_.min = std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
+  statistics2_.min = std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(statistics1_.Equals(statistics2_, options_.nans_equal(true)));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(statistics1_.Equals(statistics2_, options_.nans_equal(false)));
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestArrayStatisticsEqualityDoubleValue, ApproximateEquals) {
+  statistics1_.max = 0.5001f;
+  statistics2_.max = 0.5;
+  ASSERT_FALSE(statistics1_.Equals(statistics2_, options_.atol(1e-3).use_atol(false)));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(statistics1_.Equals(statistics2_, options_.atol(1e-3)));
 }
 
 }  // namespace arrow
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/compare.cc b/cpp/src/arrow/compare.cc
index 3b64a8fd09f..2460afbf87c 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/compare.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/compare.cc
@@ -24,13 +24,16 @@
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <cstring>
 #include <memory>
+#include <optional>
 #include <string>
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <utility>
+#include <variant>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "arrow/array.h"
 #include "arrow/array/diff.h"
+#include "arrow/array/statistics.h"
 #include "arrow/buffer.h"
 #include "arrow/scalar.h"
 #include "arrow/sparse_tensor.h"
@@ -1523,4 +1526,55 @@ bool TypeEquals(const DataType& left, const DataType& right, bool check_metadata
   }
 }
 
+namespace {
+
+bool DoubleEquals(const double& left, const double& right, const EqualOptions& options) {
+  bool result;
+  auto visitor = [&](auto&& compare_func) { result = compare_func(left, right); };
+  VisitFloatingEquality<double>(options, options.use_atol(), std::move(visitor));
+  return result;
+}
+
+bool ArrayStatisticsValueTypeEquals(
+    const std::optional<ArrayStatistics::ValueType>& left,
+    const std::optional<ArrayStatistics::ValueType>& right, const EqualOptions& options) {
+  if (!left.has_value() || !right.has_value()) {
+    return left.has_value() == right.has_value();
+  } else if (left->index() != right->index()) {
+    return false;
+  } else {
+    auto EqualsVisitor = [&](const auto& v1, const auto& v2) {
+      using type_1 = std::decay_t<decltype(v1)>;
+      using type_2 = std::decay_t<decltype(v2)>;
+      if constexpr (std::conjunction_v<std::is_same<type_1, double>,
+                                       std::is_same<type_2, double>>) {
+        return DoubleEquals(v1, v2, options);
+      } else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<type_1, type_2>) {
+        return v1 == v2;
+      }
+      // It is unreachable
+      DCHECK(false);
+      return false;
+    };
+    return std::visit(EqualsVisitor, left.value(), right.value());
+  }
+}
+
+bool ArrayStatisticsEqualsImpl(const ArrayStatistics& left, const ArrayStatistics& right,
+                               const EqualOptions& equal_options) {
+  return left.null_count == right.null_count &&
+         left.distinct_count == right.distinct_count &&
+         left.is_min_exact == right.is_min_exact &&
+         left.is_max_exact == right.is_max_exact &&
+         ArrayStatisticsValueTypeEquals(left.min, right.min, equal_options) &&
+         ArrayStatisticsValueTypeEquals(left.max, right.max, equal_options);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+bool ArrayStatisticsEquals(const ArrayStatistics& left, const ArrayStatistics& right,
+                           const EqualOptions& options) {
+  return ArrayStatisticsEqualsImpl(left, right, options);
+}
+
 }  // namespace arrow
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/compare.h b/cpp/src/arrow/compare.h
index 6b365c59913..ec7dc8bda18 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/compare.h
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/compare.h
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 namespace arrow {
 
+struct ArrayStatistics;
 class Array;
 class DataType;
 class Tensor;
@@ -58,7 +59,18 @@ class EqualOptions {
     return res;
   }
 
+  /// Whether the "atol" property is used in the comparison.
+  bool use_atol() const { return use_atol_; }
+
+  /// Return a new EqualOptions object with the "use_atol" property changed.
+  EqualOptions use_atol(bool v) const {
+    auto res = EqualOptions(*this);
+    res.use_atol_ = v;
+    return res;
+  }
+
   /// The absolute tolerance for approximate comparisons of floating-point values.
+  /// Note that this option is ignored if "use_atol" is set to false.
   double atol() const { return atol_; }
 
   /// Return a new EqualOptions object with the "atol" property changed.
@@ -87,6 +99,7 @@ class EqualOptions {
   double atol_ = kDefaultAbsoluteTolerance;
   bool nans_equal_ = false;
   bool signed_zeros_equal_ = true;
+  bool use_atol_ = true;
 
   std::ostream* diff_sink_ = NULLPTR;
 };
@@ -135,6 +148,16 @@ ARROW_EXPORT bool SparseTensorEquals(const SparseTensor& left, const SparseTenso
 ARROW_EXPORT bool TypeEquals(const DataType& left, const DataType& right,
                              bool check_metadata = true);
 
+/// \brief Check two \ref arrow::ArrayStatistics for equality
+/// \param[in] left an \ref arrow::ArrayStatistics
+/// \param[in] right an \ref arrow::ArrayStatistics
+/// \param[in] options Options used to compare double values for equality.
+/// \return True if the two \ref arrow::ArrayStatistics instances are equal; otherwise,
+/// false.
+ARROW_EXPORT bool ArrayStatisticsEquals(
+    const ArrayStatistics& left, const ArrayStatistics& right,
+    const EqualOptions& options = EqualOptions::Defaults());
+
 /// Returns true if scalars are equal
 /// \param[in] left a Scalar
 /// \param[in] right a Scalar