diff --git a/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/analysis/TableScanParams.java b/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/analysis/TableScanParams.java
index 77f00af9fa5126..a73b208a6112a7 100644
--- a/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/analysis/TableScanParams.java
+++ b/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/analysis/TableScanParams.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 package org.apache.doris.analysis;
 
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
 import org.bouncycastle.util.Strings;
 
 import java.util.List;
@@ -25,9 +26,13 @@
 
 public class TableScanParams {
     public static final String PARAMS_NAME = "name";
-    public static String INCREMENTAL_READ = "incr";
-    public static String BRANCH = "branch";
-    public static String TAG = "tag";
+    public static final String INCREMENTAL_READ = "incr";
+    public static final String BRANCH = "branch";
+    public static final String TAG = "tag";
+    private static final ImmutableSet<String> VALID_PARAM_TYPES = ImmutableSet.of(
+            INCREMENTAL_READ,
+            BRANCH,
+            TAG);
 
     private final String paramType;
     // There are two ways to pass parameters to a function.
@@ -38,10 +43,18 @@ public class TableScanParams {
     private final Map<String, String> mapParams;
     private final List<String> listParams;
 
+    private void validate() {
+        if (!VALID_PARAM_TYPES.contains(paramType)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid param type: " + paramType);
+        }
+        // TODO: validate mapParams and listParams for different param types
+    }
+
     public TableScanParams(String paramType, Map<String, String> mapParams, List<String> listParams) {
         this.paramType = Strings.toLowerCase(paramType);
         this.mapParams = mapParams == null ? ImmutableMap.of() : ImmutableMap.copyOf(mapParams);
         this.listParams = listParams;
+        validate();
     }
 
     public List<String> getListParams() {
diff --git a/regression-test/suites/external_table_p0/iceberg/iceberg_query_tag_branch.groovy b/regression-test/suites/external_table_p0/iceberg/iceberg_query_tag_branch.groovy
index 4062a6df64944b..1fb21cb8c27f55 100644
--- a/regression-test/suites/external_table_p0/iceberg/iceberg_query_tag_branch.groovy
+++ b/regression-test/suites/external_table_p0/iceberg/iceberg_query_tag_branch.groovy
@@ -220,6 +220,11 @@ suite("iceberg_query_tag_branch", "p0,external,doris,external_docker,external_do
             sql """ select * from tag_branch_table@tag(b1) ; """
             exception "does not have tag named b1"
         }
+
+        test {
+            sql """ select * from tag_branch_table@brand(b1) ; """
+            exception "Invalid param type: brand"
+        }
     }
 
     try {
diff --git a/regression-test/suites/external_table_p0/paimon/paimon_time_travel.groovy b/regression-test/suites/external_table_p0/paimon/paimon_time_travel.groovy
index b6d3caddb8c4c4..da5bf34a9b4c3b 100644
--- a/regression-test/suites/external_table_p0/paimon/paimon_time_travel.groovy
+++ b/regression-test/suites/external_table_p0/paimon/paimon_time_travel.groovy
@@ -270,6 +270,11 @@ suite("paimon_time_travel", "p0,external,doris,external_docker,external_docker_d
             exception "must contain key 'name' in params"
         }
 
+        test {
+            sql """ select * from ${tableName}@brand('nme'='not_exists_branch'); """
+            exception "Invalid param type: brand"
+        }
+
     } finally {
          // sql """drop catalog if exists ${catalog_name}"""
     }