diff --git a/common/unsafe/src/main/java/org/apache/spark/unsafe/types/UTF8String.java b/common/unsafe/src/main/java/org/apache/spark/unsafe/types/UTF8String.java
index 3754a1a0374a..9b64144af64b 100644
--- a/common/unsafe/src/main/java/org/apache/spark/unsafe/types/UTF8String.java
+++ b/common/unsafe/src/main/java/org/apache/spark/unsafe/types/UTF8String.java
@@ -1077,6 +1077,7 @@ public UTF8String translate(Map<Character, Character> dict) {
    */
   public static class LongWrapper implements Serializable {
     public transient long value = 0;
+    public transient boolean formatInvalid = false;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1088,6 +1089,7 @@ public static class LongWrapper implements Serializable {
    */
   public static class IntWrapper implements Serializable {
     public transient int value = 0;
+    public transient boolean formatInvalid = false;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1140,6 +1142,7 @@ public boolean toLong(LongWrapper toLongResult) {
       if (b >= '0' && b <= '9') {
         digit = b - '0';
       } else {
+        toLongResult.formatInvalid = false;
         return false;
       }
 
@@ -1233,6 +1236,7 @@ public boolean toInt(IntWrapper intWrapper) {
       if (b >= '0' && b <= '9') {
         digit = b - '0';
       } else {
+        intWrapper.formatInvalid = true;
         return false;
       }
 
diff --git a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/Cast.scala b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/Cast.scala
index fa27a48419db..a61863c9a129 100644
--- a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/Cast.scala
+++ b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/Cast.scala
@@ -480,11 +480,28 @@ abstract class CastBase extends UnaryExpression with TimeZoneAwareExpression wit
       buildCast[UTF8String](_, s => IntervalUtils.safeStringToInterval(s))
   }
 
+  private[this] def onStringToIntegerFailed(
+      str: UTF8String,
+      formatInvalid: Boolean,
+      typeName: String): Any = {
+    if (ansiEnabled) {
+      if (formatInvalid) {
+        throw new ArithmeticException(s"Invalid input syntax for type integer: $str")
+      } else {
+        throw new ArithmeticException(s"Casting $str to $typeName causes overflow")
+      }
+    } else {
+      null
+    }
+  }
+
   // LongConverter
   private[this] def castToLong(from: DataType): Any => Any = from match {
     case StringType =>
       val result = new LongWrapper()
-      buildCast[UTF8String](_, s => if (s.toLong(result)) result.value else null)
+      buildCast[UTF8String](_, s => if (s.toLong(result)) result.value else {
+        onStringToIntegerFailed(s, result.formatInvalid, "Long")
+      })
     case BooleanType =>
       buildCast[Boolean](_, b => if (b) 1L else 0L)
     case DateType =>
@@ -501,7 +518,9 @@ abstract class CastBase extends UnaryExpression with TimeZoneAwareExpression wit
   private[this] def castToInt(from: DataType): Any => Any = from match {
     case StringType =>
       val result = new IntWrapper()
-      buildCast[UTF8String](_, s => if (s.toInt(result)) result.value else null)
+      buildCast[UTF8String](_, s => if (s.toInt(result)) result.value else {
+        onStringToIntegerFailed(s, result.formatInvalid, "Int")
+      })
     case BooleanType =>
       buildCast[Boolean](_, b => if (b) 1 else 0)
     case DateType =>
@@ -523,7 +542,7 @@ abstract class CastBase extends UnaryExpression with TimeZoneAwareExpression wit
       buildCast[UTF8String](_, s => if (s.toShort(result)) {
         result.value.toShort
       } else {
-        null
+        onStringToIntegerFailed(s, result.formatInvalid, "Short")
       })
     case BooleanType =>
       buildCast[Boolean](_, b => if (b) 1.toShort else 0.toShort)
@@ -564,7 +583,7 @@ abstract class CastBase extends UnaryExpression with TimeZoneAwareExpression wit
       buildCast[UTF8String](_, s => if (s.toByte(result)) {
         result.value.toByte
       } else {
-        null
+        onStringToIntegerFailed(s, result.formatInvalid, "Byte")
       })
     case BooleanType =>
       buildCast[Boolean](_, b => if (b) 1.toByte else 0.toByte)
diff --git a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/SQLQuerySuite.scala b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/SQLQuerySuite.scala
index cf24372e0e0b..59676eb97325 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/SQLQuerySuite.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/SQLQuerySuite.scala
@@ -3384,6 +3384,36 @@ class SQLQuerySuite extends QueryTest with SharedSparkSession {
       assert(exp.getMessage.contains("Resources not found"))
     }
   }
+
+  test("SPARK-30472: ANSI SQL: Throw exception on format invalid and overflow when casting " +
+    "String to Integer type.") {
+    withSQLConf(SQLConf.ANSI_ENABLED.key -> "true") {
+      intercept[ArithmeticException](
+        sql("SELECT CAST(CAST('abc' as STRING) AS INTEGER)").collect()
+      )
+      intercept[ArithmeticException](
+        sql("SELECT CAST(CAST('abc' as STRING) AS BYTE)").collect()
+      )
+      intercept[ArithmeticException](
+        sql("SELECT CAST(CAST('abc' as STRING) AS SHORT)").collect()
+      )
+      intercept[ArithmeticException](
+        sql("SELECT CAST(CAST('abc' as STRING) AS LONG)").collect()
+      )
+      intercept[ArithmeticException](
+        sql("SELECT CAST(CAST('2147483648' as STRING) AS INTEGER)").collect()
+      )
+      intercept[ArithmeticException](
+        sql("SELECT CAST(CAST('128' as STRING) AS BYTE)").collect()
+      )
+      intercept[ArithmeticException](
+        sql("SELECT CAST(CAST('32768' as STRING) AS SHORT)").collect()
+      )
+      intercept[ArithmeticException](
+        sql("SELECT CAST(CAST('9223372036854775808' as STRING) AS LONG)").collect()
+      )
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 case class Foo(bar: Option[String])