From 05713bfc8ca4e749d408aaf870a4880e6c8fa74f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vincent <407859+vincentchalamon@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 31 Jan 2024 18:12:46 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 1/6] fix(hydra): move owl:maxCardinality from JsonSchema to
 Hydra (#6136)

---
 features/openapi/docs.feature                 |  3 ---
 .../Serializer/DocumentationNormalizer.php    | 21 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../Factory/SchemaPropertyMetadataFactory.php |  8 -------
 .../Serializer/LegacyOpenApiNormalizer.php    |  1 -
 .../Command/JsonSchemaGenerateCommandTest.php |  1 -
 5 files changed, 21 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/features/openapi/docs.feature b/features/openapi/docs.feature
index 9fcae506c6c..1aa379c71b8 100644
--- a/features/openapi/docs.feature
+++ b/features/openapi/docs.feature
@@ -98,7 +98,6 @@ Feature: Documentation support
     And the "playMode" property for the OpenAPI class "VideoGame" should be equal to:
     """
     {
-      "owl:maxCardinality": 1,
       "type": "string",
       "format": "iri-reference",
       "example": "https://example.com/"
@@ -310,7 +309,6 @@ Feature: Documentation support
     And the "resourceRelated" property for the OpenAPI class "Resource" should be equal to:
     """
     {
-      "owl:maxCardinality": 1,
       "readOnly": true,
       "anyOf": [
         {
@@ -389,7 +387,6 @@ Feature: Documentation support
     And the "data" property for the OpenAPI class "WrappedResponseEntity.CustomOutputEntityWrapperDto-read" should be equal to:
     """
     {
-      "owl:maxCardinality": 1,
       "$ref": "#\/components\/schemas\/WrappedResponseEntity-read"
     }
     """
diff --git a/src/Hydra/Serializer/DocumentationNormalizer.php b/src/Hydra/Serializer/DocumentationNormalizer.php
index a940a4c4411..f9e0c84f69c 100644
--- a/src/Hydra/Serializer/DocumentationNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Hydra/Serializer/DocumentationNormalizer.php
@@ -386,6 +386,23 @@ private function getRange(ApiProperty $propertyMetadata): array|string|null
         return 1 === \count($types) ? $types[0] : $types;
     }
 
+    private function isSingleRelation(ApiProperty $propertyMetadata): bool
+    {
+        $builtInTypes = $propertyMetadata->getBuiltinTypes() ?? [];
+
+        foreach ($builtInTypes as $type) {
+            $className = $type->getClassName();
+            if (!$type->isCollection()
+                && null !== $className
+                && $this->resourceClassResolver->isResourceClass($className)
+            ) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Builds the classes array.
      */
@@ -509,6 +526,10 @@ private function getProperty(ApiProperty $propertyMetadata, string $propertyName
             $property['owl:deprecated'] = true;
         }
 
+        if ($this->isSingleRelation($propertyMetadata)) {
+            $property['owl:maxCardinality'] = true;
+        }
+
         return $property;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/JsonSchema/Metadata/Property/Factory/SchemaPropertyMetadataFactory.php b/src/JsonSchema/Metadata/Property/Factory/SchemaPropertyMetadataFactory.php
index f906f25ea3d..f2713a51866 100644
--- a/src/JsonSchema/Metadata/Property/Factory/SchemaPropertyMetadataFactory.php
+++ b/src/JsonSchema/Metadata/Property/Factory/SchemaPropertyMetadataFactory.php
@@ -125,14 +125,6 @@ public function create(string $resourceClass, string $property, array $options =
                 $className = $valueType->getClassName();
             }
 
-            if (!\array_key_exists('owl:maxCardinality', $propertySchema)
-                && !$isCollection
-                && null !== $className
-                && $this->resourceClassResolver->isResourceClass($className)
-            ) {
-                $propertySchema['owl:maxCardinality'] = 1;
-            }
-
             if ($isCollection && null !== $propertyMetadata->getUriTemplate()) {
                 $keyType = null;
                 $isCollection = false;
diff --git a/src/OpenApi/Serializer/LegacyOpenApiNormalizer.php b/src/OpenApi/Serializer/LegacyOpenApiNormalizer.php
index a7d7381fc12..16a6b730e0e 100644
--- a/src/OpenApi/Serializer/LegacyOpenApiNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/OpenApi/Serializer/LegacyOpenApiNormalizer.php
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
                     }
                     unset($schemas[$name]['properties'][$property]['type']);
                 }
-                unset($schemas[$name]['properties'][$property]['owl:maxCardinality']);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/tests/JsonSchema/Command/JsonSchemaGenerateCommandTest.php b/tests/JsonSchema/Command/JsonSchemaGenerateCommandTest.php
index 27475fe839e..8800fd5265e 100644
--- a/tests/JsonSchema/Command/JsonSchemaGenerateCommandTest.php
+++ b/tests/JsonSchema/Command/JsonSchemaGenerateCommandTest.php
@@ -120,7 +120,6 @@ public function testArraySchemaWithReference(): void
         ]);
 
         $this->assertEquals($json['definitions']['BagOfTests.jsonld-write']['properties']['type'], [
-            'owl:maxCardinality' => 1,
             '$ref' => '#/definitions/TestEntity.jsonld-write',
         ]);
     }

From 5db89532932dcb01ca9ea1340baa53d2b7afdef2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: soyuka <soyuka@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 1 Feb 2024 15:09:41 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 2/6] docs: changelog v3.2.13

---
 CHANGELOG.md | 6 ++++++
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+)

diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 17d593b37d7..fe01ac3f447 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## v3.2.13
+
+### Bug fixes
+
+* [05713bfc8](https://github.com/api-platform/core/commit/05713bfc8ca4e749d408aaf870a4880e6c8fa74f) fix(hydra): move owl:maxCardinality from JsonSchema to Hydra (#6136)
+
 ## v3.2.12
 
 ### Bug fixes

From 165da11f63e3ee23b91ac29e0ff6d5640ab32d1e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: soyuka <soyuka@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 1 Feb 2024 15:22:51 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 3/6] cs: missing strict type

---
 tests/Fixtures/app/console | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/app/console b/tests/Fixtures/app/console
index 87b2f431e63..a0f96bec8e7 100755
--- a/tests/Fixtures/app/console
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/app/console
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
  * file that was distributed with this source code.
  */
 
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
 use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Console\Application;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\ArgvInput;
 use Symfony\Component\ErrorHandler\Debug;

From 3b42bafcccd2b530ca7bb920c7a3b9dc249d76ec Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: soyuka <soyuka@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 1 Feb 2024 15:41:52 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 4/6] docs: guide sf/apip version

---
 docs/composer.json | 24 ++++++++++++------------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/docs/composer.json b/docs/composer.json
index 8321efc7f30..9a376542c2d 100644
--- a/docs/composer.json
+++ b/docs/composer.json
@@ -15,25 +15,25 @@
         }
     ],
     "require": {
-        "api-platform/core": "dev-main",
-        "symfony/expression-language": "6.2.*",
+        "api-platform/core": "^3.2",
+        "symfony/expression-language": "^6.4 || ^7.0",
         "nelmio/cors-bundle": "^2.2",
         "phpstan/phpdoc-parser": "^1.15",
-        "symfony/framework-bundle": "6.2.*",
-        "symfony/property-access": "6.2.*",
-        "symfony/property-info": "6.2.*",
-        "symfony/runtime": "6.2.*",
-        "symfony/security-bundle": "6.2.*",
-        "symfony/serializer": "6.2.*",
-        "symfony/validator": "6.2.*",
-        "symfony/yaml": "^6.2",
+        "symfony/framework-bundle": "^6.4 || ^7.0",
+        "symfony/property-access": "^6.4 || ^7.0",
+        "symfony/property-info": "^6.4 || ^7.0",
+        "symfony/runtime": "^6.4 || ^7.0",
+        "symfony/security-bundle": "^6.4 || ^7.0",
+        "symfony/serializer": "^6.4 || ^7.0",
+        "symfony/validator": "^6.4 || ^7.0",
+        "symfony/yaml": "^6.4 || ^7.0",
         "doctrine/orm": "^2.14",
         "doctrine/doctrine-migrations-bundle": "^3.2",
         "doctrine/doctrine-bundle": "^2.9",
         "doctrine/doctrine-fixtures-bundle": "^3.4",
         "zenstruck/foundry": "^1.31",
-        "symfony/http-client": "^6.2",
-        "symfony/browser-kit": "^6.2",
+        "symfony/http-client": "^6.4 || ^7.0",
+        "symfony/browser-kit": "^6.4 || ^7.0",
         "justinrainbow/json-schema": "^5.2"
     },
     "config": {

From 071036170c2562e752218629b4c110b0581eb8dd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: soyuka <soyuka@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 19 Jan 2024 20:11:14 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 5/6] test: security configuration

---
 docs/config/packages/security.yaml | 13 +++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 docs/config/packages/security.yaml

diff --git a/docs/config/packages/security.yaml b/docs/config/packages/security.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cf6a090e8f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/config/packages/security.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+security:
+    password_hashers:
+        Symfony\Component\Security\Core\User\PasswordAuthenticatedUserInterface: 'auto'
+    providers:
+        users_in_memory: { memory: null }
+    firewalls:
+        dev:
+            pattern: ^/(_(profiler|wdt)|css|images|js)/
+            security: false
+        main:
+            lazy: true
+            provider: users_in_memory
+    access_control:

From 86be7dffc121c29aa964ce1b56e78a0b19dfcaa0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vincent <407859+vincentchalamon@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 2 Feb 2024 22:45:18 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 6/6] chore: fix CI (#6143)

* chore: fix wrong namespace in test document

* chore: fix CS nullable_type_declaration_for_default_null_value

* chore: update GitHub Actions versions
---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml                      | 102 +++++++--------
 .github/workflows/guides.yaml                 |   4 +-
 .github/workflows/subtree.yml                 |   2 +-
 docs/src/Kernel.php                           |   4 +-
 src/Action/EntrypointAction.php               |   2 +-
 src/Action/ExceptionAction.php                |   2 +-
 src/Api/FilterLocatorTrait.php                |   2 +-
 src/Api/IdentifiersExtractor.php              |   6 +-
 src/Api/IdentifiersExtractorInterface.php     |   2 +-
 src/Api/IriConverterInterface.php             |   4 +-
 src/Api/ResourceClassResolver.php             |   2 +-
 src/Api/ResourceClassResolverInterface.php    |   2 +-
 .../Common/Filter/NumericFilterTrait.php      |   2 +-
 .../Common/Filter/SearchFilterTrait.php       |   4 +-
 .../Common/State/LinksHandlerTrait.php        |   4 +-
 .../Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Dummy.php      |   4 +-
 .../TestBundle/Entity/RelatedDummy.php        |   2 +-
 .../Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/ThirdLevel.php |   2 +-
 .../PublishMercureUpdatesListener.php         |   2 +-
 .../EventListener/PurgeHttpCacheListener.php  |   2 +-
 ...ggregationCollectionExtensionInterface.php |   2 +-
 .../AggregationItemExtensionInterface.php     |   2 +-
 ...tionResultCollectionExtensionInterface.php |   4 +-
 ...ggregationResultItemExtensionInterface.php |   4 +-
 .../Odm/Extension/FilterExtension.php         |   2 +-
 src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/OrderExtension.php |   2 +-
 .../Odm/Extension/PaginationExtension.php     |   6 +-
 src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/AbstractFilter.php    |   6 +-
 src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/BooleanFilter.php     |   2 +-
 src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/DateFilter.php        |   4 +-
 src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/ExistsFilter.php      |   6 +-
 src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/FilterInterface.php   |   2 +-
 src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/NumericFilter.php     |   4 +-
 src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/OrderFilter.php       |   6 +-
 src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/RangeFilter.php       |   2 +-
 src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/SearchFilter.php      |   4 +-
 src/Doctrine/Odm/State/CollectionProvider.php |   2 +-
 src/Doctrine/Odm/State/ItemProvider.php       |   2 +-
 src/Doctrine/Odm/State/LinksHandlerTrait.php  |   4 +-
 .../Orm/Extension/EagerLoadingExtension.php   |   6 +-
 .../Extension/FilterEagerLoadingExtension.php |   2 +-
 .../Orm/Extension/FilterExtension.php         |   2 +-
 src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/OrderExtension.php |   2 +-
 .../Orm/Extension/PaginationExtension.php     |  10 +-
 .../QueryCollectionExtensionInterface.php     |   2 +-
 .../Extension/QueryItemExtensionInterface.php |   2 +-
 ...ueryResultCollectionExtensionInterface.php |   4 +-
 .../QueryResultItemExtensionInterface.php     |   4 +-
 src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/AbstractFilter.php    |   6 +-
 src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/BooleanFilter.php     |   2 +-
 src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/DateFilter.php        |   4 +-
 src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/ExistsFilter.php      |   6 +-
 src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/FilterInterface.php   |   2 +-
 src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/NumericFilter.php     |   4 +-
 src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/OrderFilter.php       |   6 +-
 src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/RangeFilter.php       |   2 +-
 src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/SearchFilter.php      |   4 +-
 src/Doctrine/Orm/State/CollectionProvider.php |   2 +-
 src/Doctrine/Orm/State/ItemProvider.php       |   2 +-
 src/Doctrine/Orm/Util/QueryBuilderHelper.php  |   4 +-
 .../Action/DocumentationAction.php            |   4 +-
 .../Extension/AbstractFilterExtension.php     |   2 +-
 ...BodySearchCollectionExtensionInterface.php |   2 +-
 src/Elasticsearch/Extension/SortExtension.php |   2 +-
 .../Filter/AbstractSearchFilter.php           |   6 +-
 src/Elasticsearch/Filter/FilterInterface.php  |   2 +-
 src/Elasticsearch/Filter/OrderFilter.php      |   4 +-
 .../Serializer/DocumentNormalizer.php         |  18 +--
 .../Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php             |   8 +-
 .../InnerFieldsNameConverter.php              |   6 +-
 .../Tests/Serializer/ItemNormalizerTest.php   |   4 +-
 src/Exception/FilterValidationException.php   |   2 +-
 src/GraphQl/Action/EntrypointAction.php       |   2 +-
 src/GraphQl/Executor.php                      |   2 +-
 src/GraphQl/ExecutorInterface.php             |   2 +-
 .../Factory/CollectionResolverFactory.php     |   2 +-
 .../Factory/ItemMutationResolverFactory.php   |   2 +-
 .../Resolver/Factory/ItemResolverFactory.php  |   2 +-
 .../ItemSubscriptionResolverFactory.php       |   2 +-
 .../Resolver/Factory/ResolverFactory.php      |   2 +-
 .../Factory/ResolverFactoryInterface.php      |   2 +-
 .../Serializer/Exception/ErrorNormalizer.php  |   4 +-
 .../Exception/HttpExceptionNormalizer.php     |   4 +-
 .../Exception/RuntimeExceptionNormalizer.php  |   4 +-
 .../ValidationExceptionNormalizer.php         |   4 +-
 src/GraphQl/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php     |   8 +-
 src/GraphQl/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php   |   4 +-
 .../MercureSubscriptionIriGenerator.php       |   2 +-
 ...rcureSubscriptionIriGeneratorInterface.php |   2 +-
 ...ationAwareSubscriptionManagerInterface.php |   2 +-
 .../Subscription/SubscriptionManager.php      |   2 +-
 .../Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php      |   4 +-
 .../Fixtures/Type/Definition/DateTimeType.php |   2 +-
 .../Resolver/Factory/ResolverFactoryTest.php  |   2 +-
 .../Tests/Resolver/Stage/ReadStageTest.php    |   2 +-
 .../Resolver/Stage/SerializeStageTest.php     |   2 +-
 .../SerializerContextBuilderTest.php          |   6 +-
 .../Processor/NormalizeProcessorTest.php      |   2 +-
 src/GraphQl/Tests/Type/FieldsBuilderTest.php  |   6 +-
 src/GraphQl/Type/Definition/IterableType.php  |   2 +-
 src/GraphQl/Type/Definition/UploadType.php    |   2 +-
 src/GraphQl/Type/FieldsBuilder.php            |   4 +-
 .../Type/FieldsBuilderEnumInterface.php       |   2 +-
 src/GraphQl/Type/FieldsBuilderInterface.php   |   2 +-
 src/Hal/JsonSchema/SchemaFactory.php          |   2 +-
 src/Hal/Serializer/CollectionNormalizer.php   |   2 +-
 src/Hal/Serializer/EntrypointNormalizer.php   |   4 +-
 src/Hal/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php         |   8 +-
 src/Hal/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php       |   8 +-
 .../EventListener/AddHeadersListener.php      |   2 +-
 .../EventListener/AddTagsListener.php         |   2 +-
 src/Hydra/JsonSchema/SchemaFactory.php        |   2 +-
 .../CollectionFiltersNormalizer.php           |   4 +-
 src/Hydra/Serializer/CollectionNormalizer.php |   2 +-
 .../ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php     |   4 +-
 .../Serializer/DocumentationNormalizer.php    |  10 +-
 src/Hydra/Serializer/EntrypointNormalizer.php |   4 +-
 src/Hydra/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php      |   4 +-
 .../PartialCollectionViewNormalizer.php       |   6 +-
 .../Serializer/CollectionNormalizer.php       |   2 +-
 .../ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php     |   4 +-
 .../Serializer/EntrypointNormalizer.php       |   4 +-
 src/JsonApi/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php    |   4 +-
 src/JsonApi/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php     |  16 +--
 src/JsonApi/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php   |   4 +-
 .../ReservedAttributeNameConverter.php        |   4 +-
 src/JsonLd/Action/ContextAction.php           |   2 +-
 src/JsonLd/ContextBuilder.php                 |   4 +-
 src/JsonLd/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php      |  10 +-
 src/JsonLd/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php    |   4 +-
 .../BackwardCompatibleSchemaFactory.php       |   2 +-
 .../Factory/SchemaPropertyMetadataFactory.php |   4 +-
 src/JsonSchema/SchemaFactory.php              |  10 +-
 src/JsonSchema/SchemaFactoryInterface.php     |   2 +-
 .../Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php      |   4 +-
 src/JsonSchema/TypeFactory.php                |   6 +-
 src/JsonSchema/TypeFactoryInterface.php       |   2 +-
 src/Metadata/Delete.php                       | 120 +++++++++---------
 src/Metadata/Error.php                        | 120 +++++++++---------
 src/Metadata/ErrorResource.php                | 108 ++++++++--------
 .../Extractor/XmlPropertyExtractor.php        |   2 +-
 .../Extractor/XmlResourceExtractor.php        |   2 +-
 src/Metadata/Get.php                          | 120 +++++++++---------
 src/Metadata/GetCollection.php                | 120 +++++++++---------
 src/Metadata/GraphQl/Operation.php            |  82 ++++++------
 src/Metadata/GraphQl/Query.php                |  86 ++++++-------
 src/Metadata/GraphQl/QueryCollection.php      |  84 ++++++------
 src/Metadata/GraphQl/Subscription.php         |  84 ++++++------
 src/Metadata/HttpOperation.php                |  78 ++++++------
 src/Metadata/IdentifiersExtractor.php         |   6 +-
 .../IdentifiersExtractorInterface.php         |   2 +-
 src/Metadata/IriConverterInterface.php        |   4 +-
 src/Metadata/Metadata.php                     |   8 +-
 src/Metadata/NotExposed.php                   | 114 ++++++++---------
 src/Metadata/Patch.php                        | 120 +++++++++---------
 src/Metadata/Post.php                         | 120 +++++++++---------
 .../AttributePropertyMetadataFactory.php      |   2 +-
 .../SerializerPropertyMetadataFactory.php     |   6 +-
 src/Metadata/Put.php                          | 120 +++++++++---------
 ...butesResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php |   2 +-
 ...actorResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php |   2 +-
 ...ationResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php |   2 +-
 ...hpDocResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php |   2 +-
 .../Resource/ResourceMetadataCollection.php   |   2 +-
 src/Metadata/ResourceClassResolver.php        |   2 +-
 .../ResourceClassResolverInterface.php        |   2 +-
 .../Extractor/Adapter/XmlResourceAdapter.php  |   2 +-
 .../Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php      |   4 +-
 .../Resource/Factory/LinkFactoryTest.php      |   2 +-
 .../Util/AttributeFilterExtractorTrait.php    |   4 +-
 .../CamelCaseToSnakeCaseNameConverter.php     |   2 +-
 src/OpenApi/Factory/OpenApiFactory.php        |   4 +-
 src/OpenApi/Model/Components.php              |   2 +-
 src/OpenApi/Model/Operation.php               |   6 +-
 src/OpenApi/Model/PathItem.php                |   2 +-
 .../Serializer/ApiGatewayNormalizer.php       |   4 +-
 .../Serializer/LegacyOpenApiNormalizer.php    |   4 +-
 src/OpenApi/Serializer/OpenApiNormalizer.php  |   4 +-
 src/OpenApi/Tests/Fixtures/Dummy.php          |   4 +-
 .../ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php     |   4 +-
 src/Problem/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php    |   4 +-
 .../Serializer/UuidDenormalizer.php           |   4 +-
 .../AbstractCollectionNormalizer.php          |   8 +-
 ...tractConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php |   4 +-
 src/Serializer/AbstractItemNormalizer.php     |  26 ++--
 .../ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php     |   4 +-
 src/Serializer/Filter/PropertyFilter.php      |   4 +-
 src/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php             |   4 +-
 src/Serializer/OperationContextTrait.php      |   2 +-
 src/Serializer/SerializerContextBuilder.php   |   2 +-
 .../SerializerContextBuilderInterface.php     |   2 +-
 .../SerializerFilterContextBuilder.php        |   2 +-
 .../Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php      |   4 +-
 .../SerializerFilterContextBuilderTest.php    |   2 +-
 src/State/ApiResource/Error.php               |  10 +-
 src/State/Pagination/Pagination.php           |  14 +-
 .../Provider/ContentNegotiationProvider.php   |   2 +-
 src/State/UriVariablesResolverTrait.php       |   4 +-
 .../CachePoolClearerCacheWarmer.php           |   2 +-
 .../DataCollector/RequestDataCollector.php    |   2 +-
 .../Bundle/Test/ApiTestAssertionsTrait.php    |  16 +--
 src/Symfony/Bundle/Test/Client.php            |   2 +-
 src/Symfony/Bundle/Test/Response.php          |   2 +-
 src/Symfony/Controller/MainController.php     |   2 +-
 .../EventListener/AddFormatListener.php       |   2 +-
 .../EventListener/AddHeadersListener.php      |   2 +-
 .../EventListener/AddLinkHeaderListener.php   |   2 +-
 src/Symfony/EventListener/AddTagsListener.php |   2 +-
 .../EventListener/DenyAccessListener.php      |   2 +-
 .../EventListener/DeserializeListener.php     |   2 +-
 src/Symfony/EventListener/ErrorListener.php   |  10 +-
 .../QueryParameterValidateListener.php        |   2 +-
 src/Symfony/EventListener/ReadListener.php    |   4 +-
 src/Symfony/EventListener/RespondListener.php |   4 +-
 .../EventListener/SerializeListener.php       |   2 +-
 src/Symfony/EventListener/WriteListener.php   |   4 +-
 .../Factory/DataCollectorResolverFactory.php  |   2 +-
 src/Symfony/Routing/ApiLoader.php             |   4 +-
 src/Symfony/Routing/IriConverter.php          |  10 +-
 src/Symfony/Routing/Router.php                |   2 +-
 src/Symfony/Routing/SkolemIriConverter.php    |   4 +-
 .../Exception/ValidationException.php         |   2 +-
 .../ValidationExceptionNormalizer.php         |   4 +-
 src/Test/DoctrineMongoDbOdmFilterTestCase.php |   8 +-
 src/Test/DoctrineMongoDbOdmSetup.php          |   6 +-
 src/Test/DoctrineOrmFilterTestCase.php        |   8 +-
 src/Util/AttributeFilterExtractorTrait.php    |   4 +-
 src/Util/IriHelper.php                        |   2 +-
 .../Exception/ValidationException.php         |   2 +-
 .../Doctrine/Odm/Filter/ExistsFilterTest.php  |   6 +-
 tests/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/OrderFilterTest.php |   6 +-
 .../Doctrine/Odm/Filter/SearchFilterTest.php  |   2 +-
 ...mResourceCollectionMetadataFactoryTest.php |   2 +-
 .../PropertyInfo/DoctrineExtractorTest.php    |   2 +-
 .../Doctrine/Orm/Filter/ExistsFilterTest.php  |   6 +-
 tests/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/OrderFilterTest.php |   6 +-
 .../Doctrine/Orm/Filter/SearchFilterTest.php  |   2 +-
 ...mResourceCollectionMetadataFactoryTest.php |   2 +-
 .../ApiResource/Issue5648/CustomFilter.php    |   2 +-
 .../Issue5896/TypeFactoryDecorator.php        |   2 +-
 tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/Answer.php |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Document/CompositeItem.php     |   2 +-
 tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/Dummy.php  |   4 +-
 .../DummyValidationSerializedName.php         |   2 +-
 .../Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/Question.php |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Document/RelatedDummy.php      |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Document/SlugChildDummy.php    |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Document/ThirdLevel.php        |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Document/VoDummyInspection.php |   2 +-
 tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Answer.php   |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Entity/CompositeLabel.php      |   2 +-
 tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Dummy.php    |   4 +-
 .../TestBundle/Entity/DummyProblem.php        |   4 +-
 .../DummyWithCollectDenormalizationErrors.php |   2 +-
 tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Question.php |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Entity/RamseyUuidDummy.php     |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Entity/RelatedDummy.php        |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Entity/SlugChildDummy.php      |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Entity/SymfonyUuidDummy.php    |   2 +-
 .../Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/ThirdLevel.php |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Entity/VoDummyInspection.php   |   2 +-
 .../Exception/NotFoundException.php           |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Filter/ArrayItemsFilter.php    |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Filter/ArrayRequiredFilter.php |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Filter/BoundsFilter.php        |   2 +-
 .../Filter/ComplexSubQueryFilter.php          |   2 +-
 .../Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/EnumFilter.php |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Filter/LengthFilter.php        |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Filter/MultipleOfFilter.php    |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Filter/PatternFilter.php       |   2 +-
 .../Filter/RequiredAllowEmptyFilter.php       |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Filter/RequiredFilter.php      |   2 +-
 .../GraphQl/Type/Definition/DateTimeType.php  |   2 +-
 .../Security/AuthenticationEntryPoint.php     |   2 +-
 .../TestBundle/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php |   4 +-
 .../State/DummyDtoNoOutputProcessor.php       |   4 +-
 .../CollectionFiltersNormalizerTest.php       |   4 +-
 .../PartialCollectionViewNormalizerTest.php   |   4 +-
 .../PayloadArgumentResolverTest.php           |   2 +-
 .../Command/DebugResourceCommandTest.php      |   2 +-
 .../EventListener/SwaggerUiListenerTest.php   |   2 +-
 .../EventListener/DenyAccessListenerTest.php  |   2 +-
 tests/Symfony/Routing/IriConverterTest.php    |   2 +-
 .../ValidationExceptionListenerTest.php       |   2 +-
 284 files changed, 1269 insertions(+), 1269 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index e0aef1dd5fc..5cd863c7a55 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ jobs:
       GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - name: Run commitlint
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
       SYMFONY_PHPUNIT_VERSION: '9.5'
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ jobs:
         id: composercache
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install PHPUnit
         run: vendor/bin/simple-phpunit --version
       - name: Cache PHPStan results
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: /tmp/phpstan
           key: phpstan-php${{ matrix.php }}-${{ github.sha }}
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ jobs:
         id: composercache
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ jobs:
         run: vendor/bin/simple-phpunit --log-junit build/logs/phpunit/junit.xml ${{ matrix.coverage && '--coverage-clover build/logs/phpunit/clover.xml' || '' }}
       - name: Upload test artifacts
         if: always()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: phpunit-logs-php${{ matrix.php }}
           path: build/logs/phpunit
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ jobs:
           vendor/bin/phpunit --log-junit "build/logs/phpunit/junit.xml" ${{ matrix.coverage && '--coverage-clover build/logs/phpunit/clover.xml' || '' }}
       - name: Upload test artifacts
         if: always()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: phpunit-logs-php${{ matrix.php }}
           path: src/${{ matrix.component }}/build/logs/phpunit
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ jobs:
         id: composercache
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ jobs:
         continue-on-error: true
       - name: Upload test artifacts
         if: always()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: behat-logs-php${{ matrix.php }}
           path: build/logs/behat
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ jobs:
           tests/Fixtures/app/console api:openapi:export -o build/out/openapi/openapi_v3.json
           tests/Fixtures/app/console api:openapi:export --yaml -o build/out/openapi/openapi_v3.yaml
       - name: Setup node
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
         with:
           node-version: '14'
       - name: Validate OpenAPI documents
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ jobs:
           npx git+https://github.com/soyuka/swagger-cli#master validate build/out/openapi/openapi_v3.yaml
       - name: Upload OpenAPI artifacts
         if: always()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: openapi-docs-php${{ matrix.php }}
           path: build/out/openapi
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ jobs:
       PGPASSWORD: apiplatformrocks
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup postgres
         run: |
           sudo systemctl start postgresql
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ jobs:
         id: composercache
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ jobs:
       DATABASE_URL: mysql://root:root@127.0.0.1/api_platform_test
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ jobs:
         id: composercache
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ jobs:
       MONGODB_URL: mongodb://localhost:27017
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup MongoDB
         run: |
           sudo apt update
@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ jobs:
         id: composercache
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ jobs:
         continue-on-error: true
       - name: Upload test artifacts
         if: always()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: behat-logs-php${{ matrix.php }}
           path: build/logs/behat
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ jobs:
           - 1337:1337
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ jobs:
         id: composercache
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -610,7 +610,7 @@ jobs:
         continue-on-error: true
       - name: Upload test artifacts
         if: always()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: behat-logs-php${{ matrix.php }}
           path: build/logs/behat
@@ -645,7 +645,7 @@ jobs:
       APP_ENV: elasticsearch
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Configure sysctl limits
         run: |
           sudo swapoff -a
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ jobs:
         id: composercache
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -696,7 +696,7 @@ jobs:
       APP_ENV: elasticsearch
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Configure sysctl limits
         run: |
           sudo swapoff -a
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ jobs:
         id: composercache
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -744,7 +744,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ jobs:
         id: composercache
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -782,7 +782,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -797,7 +797,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Allow unstable project dependencies
         run: composer config minimum-stability dev
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -825,7 +825,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -842,7 +842,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Allow unstable project dependencies
         run: composer config minimum-stability dev
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -872,7 +872,7 @@ jobs:
       DATABASE_URL: sqlite:///%kernel.project_dir%/var/data.db
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP with pre-release PECL extension
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -893,7 +893,7 @@ jobs:
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
         shell: bash
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -923,7 +923,7 @@ jobs:
       DATABASE_URL: sqlite:///%kernel.project_dir%/var/data.db
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP with pre-release PECL extension
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -944,7 +944,7 @@ jobs:
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
         shell: bash
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -969,7 +969,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -982,7 +982,7 @@ jobs:
         id: composercache
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -1011,7 +1011,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -1026,7 +1026,7 @@ jobs:
         id: composercache
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -1058,7 +1058,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -1071,7 +1071,7 @@ jobs:
         id: composercache
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -1095,7 +1095,7 @@ jobs:
           fi
       - name: Upload test artifacts
         if: always()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: phpunit-logs-php${{ matrix.php }}
           path: build/logs/phpunit
@@ -1132,7 +1132,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Setup PHP
         uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
         with:
@@ -1145,7 +1145,7 @@ jobs:
         id: composercache
         run: echo "dir=$(composer config cache-files-dir)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Cache dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
@@ -1162,7 +1162,7 @@ jobs:
           vendor/bin/behat --out=std --format=progress --format=junit --out=build/logs/behat/junit --profile=legacy --no-interaction
       - name: Upload test artifacts
         if: always()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: behat-logs-php${{ matrix.php }}
           path: build/logs/behat
@@ -1173,7 +1173,7 @@ jobs:
           tests/Fixtures/app/console api:openapi:export -o build/out/openapi/openapi_v3.json
           tests/Fixtures/app/console api:openapi:export --yaml -o build/out/openapi/openapi_v3.yaml
       - name: Setup node
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
         with:
           node-version: '14'
       - name: Validate OpenAPI documents
@@ -1182,7 +1182,7 @@ jobs:
           npx git+https://github.com/soyuka/swagger-cli#master validate build/out/openapi/openapi_v3.yaml
       - name: Upload OpenAPI artifacts
         if: always()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: openapi-docs-php${{ matrix.php }}
           path: build/out/openapi
diff --git a/.github/workflows/guides.yaml b/.github/workflows/guides.yaml
index 238617d9999..41413e23626 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/guides.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/guides.yaml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
         runs-on: ubuntu-latest
         steps:
             -   name: Checkout
-                uses: actions/checkout@v3
+                uses: actions/checkout@v4
             -   name: Setup PHP with pre-release PECL extension
                 uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
                 with:
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
                     composer global config --no-plugins allow-plugins.symfony/runtime true
                     composer global require php-documentation-generator/php-documentation-generator:dev-main
             -   name: Cache dependencies
-                uses: actions/cache@v3
+                uses: actions/cache@v4
                 with:
                     path: ${{ steps.composercache.outputs.dir }}
                     key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json') }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/subtree.yml b/.github/workflows/subtree.yml
index ef8fd40dd45..bf6c8396601 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/subtree.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/subtree.yml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
   split:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
diff --git a/docs/src/Kernel.php b/docs/src/Kernel.php
index f11e2472d0d..69e14eacaa4 100644
--- a/docs/src/Kernel.php
+++ b/docs/src/Kernel.php
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class Kernel extends BaseKernel
     private $declaredClasses = [];
     private string $guide;
 
-    public function __construct(string $environment, bool $debug, string $guide = null)
+    public function __construct(string $environment, bool $debug, ?string $guide = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($environment, $debug);
 
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ private function configureContainer(ContainerConfigurator $container, LoaderInte
         }
     }
 
-    public function request(Request $request = null): Response
+    public function request(?Request $request = null): Response
     {
         if (null === $request && \function_exists('App\Playground\request')) {
             $request = request();
diff --git a/src/Action/EntrypointAction.php b/src/Action/EntrypointAction.php
index 258b13abf2e..2043aeb4e86 100644
--- a/src/Action/EntrypointAction.php
+++ b/src/Action/EntrypointAction.php
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public function __construct(
     /**
      * @return Entrypoint|Response
      */
-    public function __invoke(Request $request = null)
+    public function __invoke(?Request $request = null)
     {
         if ($this->provider && $this->processor) {
             $context = ['request' => $request];
diff --git a/src/Action/ExceptionAction.php b/src/Action/ExceptionAction.php
index fc662490531..252b592a2a5 100644
--- a/src/Action/ExceptionAction.php
+++ b/src/Action/ExceptionAction.php
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ final class ExceptionAction
      * @param array $errorFormats      A list of enabled error formats
      * @param array $exceptionToStatus A list of exceptions mapped to their HTTP status code
      */
-    public function __construct(private readonly SerializerInterface $serializer, private readonly array $errorFormats, private readonly array $exceptionToStatus = [], ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly SerializerInterface $serializer, private readonly array $errorFormats, private readonly array $exceptionToStatus = [], ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null)
     {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
     }
diff --git a/src/Api/FilterLocatorTrait.php b/src/Api/FilterLocatorTrait.php
index cb9f5edbb0e..c58f5630dac 100644
--- a/src/Api/FilterLocatorTrait.php
+++ b/src/Api/FilterLocatorTrait.php
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ private function setFilterLocator(?ContainerInterface $filterLocator, bool $allo
     /**
      * Gets a filter with a backward compatibility.
      */
-    private function getFilter(string $filterId): null|FilterInterface|MetadataFilterInterface
+    private function getFilter(string $filterId): FilterInterface|MetadataFilterInterface|null
     {
         if ($this->filterLocator && $this->filterLocator->has($filterId)) {
             return $this->filterLocator->get($filterId);
diff --git a/src/Api/IdentifiersExtractor.php b/src/Api/IdentifiersExtractor.php
index fbce96278bf..199cc049398 100644
--- a/src/Api/IdentifiersExtractor.php
+++ b/src/Api/IdentifiersExtractor.php
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ final class IdentifiersExtractor implements IdentifiersExtractorInterface
     use ResourceClassInfoTrait;
     private readonly PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor;
 
-    public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory, ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, private readonly PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, private readonly PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null)
+    public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory, ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, private readonly PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, private readonly PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, ?PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null)
     {
         $this->resourceMetadataFactory = $resourceMetadataFactory;
         $this->resourceClassResolver = $resourceClassResolver;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resource
      *
      * TODO: 3.0 identifiers should be stringable?
      */
-    public function getIdentifiersFromItem(object $item, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function getIdentifiersFromItem(object $item, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         if (!$this->isResourceClass($this->getObjectClass($item))) {
             return ['id' => $this->propertyAccessor->getValue($item, 'id')];
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ private function getIdentifiersFromOperation(object $item, Operation $operation,
     /**
      * Gets the value of the given class property.
      */
-    private function getIdentifierValue(object $item, string $class, string $property, string $parameterName, string $toProperty = null): float|bool|int|string
+    private function getIdentifierValue(object $item, string $class, string $property, string $parameterName, ?string $toProperty = null): float|bool|int|string
     {
         if ($item instanceof $class) {
             try {
diff --git a/src/Api/IdentifiersExtractorInterface.php b/src/Api/IdentifiersExtractorInterface.php
index d0e7566dc45..1ad79b4fd19 100644
--- a/src/Api/IdentifiersExtractorInterface.php
+++ b/src/Api/IdentifiersExtractorInterface.php
@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@ interface IdentifiersExtractorInterface
      *
      * @throws RuntimeException
      */
-    public function getIdentifiersFromItem(object $item, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array;
+    public function getIdentifiersFromItem(object $item, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array;
 }
diff --git a/src/Api/IriConverterInterface.php b/src/Api/IriConverterInterface.php
index 8a319f370cb..b2990f339d2 100644
--- a/src/Api/IriConverterInterface.php
+++ b/src/Api/IriConverterInterface.php
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ interface IriConverterInterface
      * @throws InvalidArgumentException
      * @throws ItemNotFoundException
      */
-    public function getResourceFromIri(string $iri, array $context = [], Operation $operation = null): object;
+    public function getResourceFromIri(string $iri, array $context = [], ?Operation $operation = null): object;
 
     /**
      * Gets the IRI associated with the given item.
@@ -41,5 +41,5 @@ public function getResourceFromIri(string $iri, array $context = [], Operation $
      * @throws InvalidArgumentException
      * @throws RuntimeException
      */
-    public function getIriFromResource(object|string $resource, int $referenceType = UrlGeneratorInterface::ABS_PATH, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): ?string;
+    public function getIriFromResource(object|string $resource, int $referenceType = UrlGeneratorInterface::ABS_PATH, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): ?string;
 }
diff --git a/src/Api/ResourceClassResolver.php b/src/Api/ResourceClassResolver.php
index bbd76311ffc..9ac92ab78e9 100644
--- a/src/Api/ResourceClassResolver.php
+++ b/src/Api/ResourceClassResolver.php
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ResourceNameCollectionFactoryInterf
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function getResourceClass(mixed $value, string $resourceClass = null, bool $strict = false): string
+    public function getResourceClass(mixed $value, ?string $resourceClass = null, bool $strict = false): string
     {
         if ($strict && null === $resourceClass) {
             throw new InvalidArgumentException('Strict checking is only possible when resource class is specified.');
diff --git a/src/Api/ResourceClassResolverInterface.php b/src/Api/ResourceClassResolverInterface.php
index 683b6618368..75e6a021d64 100644
--- a/src/Api/ResourceClassResolverInterface.php
+++ b/src/Api/ResourceClassResolverInterface.php
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ interface ResourceClassResolverInterface
      *
      * @throws InvalidArgumentException
      */
-    public function getResourceClass(mixed $value, string $resourceClass = null, bool $strict = false): string;
+    public function getResourceClass(mixed $value, ?string $resourceClass = null, bool $strict = false): string;
 
     /**
      * Is the given class a resource class?
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Common/Filter/NumericFilterTrait.php b/src/Doctrine/Common/Filter/NumericFilterTrait.php
index 153a4deb09d..bdba0d6deb1 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Common/Filter/NumericFilterTrait.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Common/Filter/NumericFilterTrait.php
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public function getDescription(string $resourceClass): array
     /**
      * Gets the PHP type corresponding to this Doctrine type.
      */
-    abstract protected function getType(string $doctrineType = null): string;
+    abstract protected function getType(?string $doctrineType = null): string;
 
     abstract protected function getProperties(): ?array;
 
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Common/Filter/SearchFilterTrait.php b/src/Doctrine/Common/Filter/SearchFilterTrait.php
index e85bbf8a056..1641ff9ec82 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Common/Filter/SearchFilterTrait.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Common/Filter/SearchFilterTrait.php
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ trait SearchFilterTrait
 
     protected IriConverterInterface|LegacyIriConverterInterface $iriConverter;
     protected PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor;
-    protected null|IdentifiersExtractorInterface|LegacyIdentifiersExtractorInterface $identifiersExtractor = null;
+    protected IdentifiersExtractorInterface|LegacyIdentifiersExtractorInterface|null $identifiersExtractor = null;
 
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ protected function normalizeValues(array $values, string $property): ?array
     /**
      * When the field should be an integer, check that the given value is a valid one.
      */
-    protected function hasValidValues(array $values, string $type = null): bool
+    protected function hasValidValues(array $values, ?string $type = null): bool
     {
         foreach ($values as $value) {
             if (null !== $value && \in_array($type, (array) self::DOCTRINE_INTEGER_TYPE, true) && false === filter_var($value, \FILTER_VALIDATE_INT)) {
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Common/State/LinksHandlerTrait.php b/src/Doctrine/Common/State/LinksHandlerTrait.php
index acb6ea8b7de..757bd47cdce 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Common/State/LinksHandlerTrait.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Common/State/LinksHandlerTrait.php
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ private function getLinks(string $resourceClass, Operation $operation, array $co
         return [$newLink];
     }
 
-    private function getIdentifierValue(array &$identifiers, string $name = null): mixed
+    private function getIdentifierValue(array &$identifiers, ?string $name = null): mixed
     {
         if (isset($identifiers[$name])) {
             $value = $identifiers[$name];
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ private function getIdentifierValue(array &$identifiers, string $name = null): m
         return array_shift($identifiers);
     }
 
-    private function getOperationLinks(Operation $operation = null): array
+    private function getOperationLinks(?Operation $operation = null): array
     {
         if ($operation instanceof GraphQlOperation) {
             return $operation->getLinks() ?? [];
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Common/Tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Dummy.php b/src/Doctrine/Common/Tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Dummy.php
index d7c1b17b529..ffc3edf77c3 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Common/Tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Dummy.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Common/Tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Dummy.php
@@ -194,12 +194,12 @@ public function getFoo(): ?array
         return $this->foo;
     }
 
-    public function setFoo(array $foo = null): void
+    public function setFoo(?array $foo = null): void
     {
         $this->foo = $foo;
     }
 
-    public function setDummyDate(\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
+    public function setDummyDate(?\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
     {
         $this->dummyDate = $dummyDate;
     }
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Common/Tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/RelatedDummy.php b/src/Doctrine/Common/Tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/RelatedDummy.php
index 718c00e5a06..ef2e950e502 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Common/Tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/RelatedDummy.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Common/Tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/RelatedDummy.php
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ public function getThirdLevel(): ?ThirdLevel
         return $this->thirdLevel;
     }
 
-    public function setThirdLevel(ThirdLevel $thirdLevel = null): void
+    public function setThirdLevel(?ThirdLevel $thirdLevel = null): void
     {
         $this->thirdLevel = $thirdLevel;
     }
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Common/Tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/ThirdLevel.php b/src/Doctrine/Common/Tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/ThirdLevel.php
index 948101bac72..b90983dab6e 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Common/Tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/ThirdLevel.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Common/Tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/ThirdLevel.php
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ public function getFourthLevel(): ?FourthLevel
         return $this->fourthLevel;
     }
 
-    public function setFourthLevel(FourthLevel $fourthLevel = null): void
+    public function setFourthLevel(?FourthLevel $fourthLevel = null): void
     {
         $this->fourthLevel = $fourthLevel;
     }
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/EventListener/PublishMercureUpdatesListener.php b/src/Doctrine/EventListener/PublishMercureUpdatesListener.php
index ba1e1377473..efe68a78e04 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/EventListener/PublishMercureUpdatesListener.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/EventListener/PublishMercureUpdatesListener.php
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ final class PublishMercureUpdatesListener
     /**
      * @param array<string, string[]|string> $formats
      */
-    public function __construct(LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface|ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, private readonly LegacyIriConverterInterface|IriConverterInterface $iriConverter, ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory, private readonly SerializerInterface $serializer, private readonly array $formats, MessageBusInterface $messageBus = null, private readonly ?HubRegistry $hubRegistry = null, private readonly ?GraphQlSubscriptionManagerInterface $graphQlSubscriptionManager = null, private readonly ?GraphQlMercureSubscriptionIriGeneratorInterface $graphQlMercureSubscriptionIriGenerator = null, ExpressionLanguage $expressionLanguage = null, private bool $includeType = false)
+    public function __construct(LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface|ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, private readonly LegacyIriConverterInterface|IriConverterInterface $iriConverter, ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory, private readonly SerializerInterface $serializer, private readonly array $formats, ?MessageBusInterface $messageBus = null, private readonly ?HubRegistry $hubRegistry = null, private readonly ?GraphQlSubscriptionManagerInterface $graphQlSubscriptionManager = null, private readonly ?GraphQlMercureSubscriptionIriGeneratorInterface $graphQlMercureSubscriptionIriGenerator = null, ?ExpressionLanguage $expressionLanguage = null, private bool $includeType = false)
     {
         if (null === $messageBus && null === $hubRegistry) {
             throw new InvalidArgumentException('A message bus or a hub registry must be provided.');
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/EventListener/PurgeHttpCacheListener.php b/src/Doctrine/EventListener/PurgeHttpCacheListener.php
index 1c1ef5718c3..c44b9172d43 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/EventListener/PurgeHttpCacheListener.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/EventListener/PurgeHttpCacheListener.php
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ final class PurgeHttpCacheListener
     private readonly PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor;
     private array $tags = [];
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly PurgerInterface $purger, private readonly IriConverterInterface|LegacyIriConverterInterface $iriConverter, private readonly ResourceClassResolverInterface|LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly PurgerInterface $purger, private readonly IriConverterInterface|LegacyIriConverterInterface $iriConverter, private readonly ResourceClassResolverInterface|LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, ?PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null)
     {
         $this->propertyAccessor = $propertyAccessor ?? PropertyAccess::createPropertyAccessor();
     }
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationCollectionExtensionInterface.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationCollectionExtensionInterface.php
index 0793dbd228a..a754e8b809f 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationCollectionExtensionInterface.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationCollectionExtensionInterface.php
@@ -23,5 +23,5 @@
  */
 interface AggregationCollectionExtensionInterface
 {
-    public function applyToCollection(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void;
+    public function applyToCollection(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void;
 }
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationItemExtensionInterface.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationItemExtensionInterface.php
index e89f7f527e8..492b7114c60 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationItemExtensionInterface.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationItemExtensionInterface.php
@@ -23,5 +23,5 @@
  */
 interface AggregationItemExtensionInterface
 {
-    public function applyToItem(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, array $identifiers, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void;
+    public function applyToItem(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, array $identifiers, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void;
 }
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationResultCollectionExtensionInterface.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationResultCollectionExtensionInterface.php
index ff7086bcb91..839242b4704 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationResultCollectionExtensionInterface.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationResultCollectionExtensionInterface.php
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  */
 interface AggregationResultCollectionExtensionInterface extends AggregationCollectionExtensionInterface
 {
-    public function supportsResult(string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool;
+    public function supportsResult(string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool;
 
-    public function getResult(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): iterable;
+    public function getResult(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): iterable;
 }
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationResultItemExtensionInterface.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationResultItemExtensionInterface.php
index b8b7c59f6e7..103d1d0b4a5 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationResultItemExtensionInterface.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/AggregationResultItemExtensionInterface.php
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  */
 interface AggregationResultItemExtensionInterface extends AggregationItemExtensionInterface
 {
-    public function supportsResult(string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool;
+    public function supportsResult(string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool;
 
-    public function getResult(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): ?object;
+    public function getResult(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): ?object;
 }
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/FilterExtension.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/FilterExtension.php
index aa6ce9c46c4..75678e9de41 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/FilterExtension.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/FilterExtension.php
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ContainerInterface $filterLocator)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function applyToCollection(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
+    public function applyToCollection(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
     {
         $resourceFilters = $operation?->getFilters();
 
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/OrderExtension.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/OrderExtension.php
index 884149c975f..0afb8d70fcf 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/OrderExtension.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/OrderExtension.php
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ?string $order = null, private read
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function applyToCollection(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
+    public function applyToCollection(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
     {
         // Do not apply order if already defined on $aggregationBuilder
         if ($this->hasSortStage($aggregationBuilder)) {
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/PaginationExtension.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/PaginationExtension.php
index 1456207a327..bb3f2c32f1d 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/PaginationExtension.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Extension/PaginationExtension.php
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, p
      *
      * @throws RuntimeException
      */
-    public function applyToCollection(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
+    public function applyToCollection(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
     {
         if (!$this->pagination->isEnabled($operation, $context)) {
             return;
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public function applyToCollection(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceC
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsResult(string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsResult(string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         if ($context['graphql_operation_name'] ?? false) {
             return $this->pagination->isGraphQlEnabled($operation, $context);
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ public function supportsResult(string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = nul
      *
      * @throws RuntimeException
      */
-    public function getResult(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): iterable
+    public function getResult(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): iterable
     {
         $manager = $this->managerRegistry->getManagerForClass($resourceClass);
         if (!$manager instanceof DocumentManager) {
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/AbstractFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/AbstractFilter.php
index 9abac215cc9..40cecd1400f 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/AbstractFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/AbstractFilter.php
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ abstract class AbstractFilter implements FilterInterface
     use PropertyHelperTrait;
     protected LoggerInterface $logger;
 
-    public function __construct(protected ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, LoggerInterface $logger = null, protected ?array $properties = null, protected ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
+    public function __construct(protected ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?LoggerInterface $logger = null, protected ?array $properties = null, protected ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
     {
         $this->logger = $logger ?? new NullLogger();
     }
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public function __construct(protected ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, LoggerIn
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function apply(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
+    public function apply(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
     {
         foreach ($context['filters'] as $property => $value) {
             $this->filterProperty($this->denormalizePropertyName($property), $value, $aggregationBuilder, $resourceClass, $operation, $context);
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public function apply(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operat
     /**
      * Passes a property through the filter.
      */
-    abstract protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void;
+    abstract protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void;
 
     protected function getManagerRegistry(): ManagerRegistry
     {
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/BooleanFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/BooleanFilter.php
index 15f91deaf92..babe3309ed0 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/BooleanFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/BooleanFilter.php
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ final class BooleanFilter extends AbstractFilter
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
     {
         if (
             !$this->isPropertyEnabled($property, $resourceClass)
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/DateFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/DateFilter.php
index 0b848b2a49b..fd2bf08556d 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/DateFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/DateFilter.php
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ final class DateFilter extends AbstractFilter implements DateFilterInterface
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $values, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $values, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
     {
         // Expect $values to be an array having the period as keys and the date value as values
         if (
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ protected function filterProperty(string $property, $values, Builder $aggregatio
     /**
      * Adds the match stage according to the chosen null management.
      */
-    private function addMatch(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $field, string $operator, $value, string $nullManagement = null): void
+    private function addMatch(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $field, string $operator, $value, ?string $nullManagement = null): void
     {
         $value = $this->normalizeValue($value, $operator);
 
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/ExistsFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/ExistsFilter.php
index 7235b25d3f7..db57f81fdad 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/ExistsFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/ExistsFilter.php
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ final class ExistsFilter extends AbstractFilter implements ExistsFilterInterface
 {
     use ExistsFilterTrait;
 
-    public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, LoggerInterface $logger = null, array $properties = null, string $existsParameterName = self::QUERY_PARAMETER_KEY, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
+    public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?LoggerInterface $logger = null, ?array $properties = null, string $existsParameterName = self::QUERY_PARAMETER_KEY, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($managerRegistry, $logger, $properties, $nameConverter);
 
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, LoggerInterface $l
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function apply(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
+    public function apply(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
     {
         foreach ($context['filters'][$this->existsParameterName] ?? [] as $property => $value) {
             $this->filterProperty($this->denormalizePropertyName($property), $value, $aggregationBuilder, $resourceClass, $operation, $context);
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ public function apply(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operat
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
     {
         if (
             !$this->isPropertyEnabled($property, $resourceClass)
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/FilterInterface.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/FilterInterface.php
index 8dc3c0631c4..11e006abb8f 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/FilterInterface.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/FilterInterface.php
@@ -27,5 +27,5 @@ interface FilterInterface extends BaseFilterInterface
     /**
      * Applies the filter.
      */
-    public function apply(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void;
+    public function apply(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void;
 }
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/NumericFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/NumericFilter.php
index 8d9174c42ac..34cec17bb05 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/NumericFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/NumericFilter.php
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ final class NumericFilter extends AbstractFilter
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
     {
         if (
             !$this->isPropertyEnabled($property, $resourceClass)
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, Builder $aggregation
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function getType(string $doctrineType = null): string
+    protected function getType(?string $doctrineType = null): string
     {
         if (null === $doctrineType) {
             return 'string';
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/OrderFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/OrderFilter.php
index 2f4e570921e..a8cf49b1212 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/OrderFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/OrderFilter.php
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ final class OrderFilter extends AbstractFilter implements OrderFilterInterface
 {
     use OrderFilterTrait;
 
-    public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, string $orderParameterName = 'order', LoggerInterface $logger = null, array $properties = null, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
+    public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, string $orderParameterName = 'order', ?LoggerInterface $logger = null, ?array $properties = null, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
     {
         if (null !== $properties) {
             $properties = array_map(static function ($propertyOptions) {
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, string $orderParam
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function apply(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
+    public function apply(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
     {
         if (isset($context['filters']) && !isset($context['filters'][$this->orderParameterName])) {
             return;
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ public function apply(Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operat
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $direction, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $direction, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
     {
         if (!$this->isPropertyEnabled($property, $resourceClass) || !$this->isPropertyMapped($property, $resourceClass)) {
             return;
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/RangeFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/RangeFilter.php
index 15743b3d080..e34733df07d 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/RangeFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/RangeFilter.php
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ final class RangeFilter extends AbstractFilter implements RangeFilterInterface
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $values, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $values, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
     {
         if (
             !\is_array($values)
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/SearchFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/SearchFilter.php
index 230fff70fe1..3a40c096f69 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/SearchFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/SearchFilter.php
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ final class SearchFilter extends AbstractFilter implements SearchFilterInterface
 
     public const DOCTRINE_INTEGER_TYPE = [MongoDbType::INTEGER, MongoDbType::INT];
 
-    public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, IriConverterInterface|LegacyIriConverterInterface $iriConverter, null|IdentifiersExtractorInterface|LegacyIdentifiersExtractorInterface $identifiersExtractor, PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null, LoggerInterface $logger = null, array $properties = null, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
+    public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, IriConverterInterface|LegacyIriConverterInterface $iriConverter, IdentifiersExtractorInterface|LegacyIdentifiersExtractorInterface|null $identifiersExtractor, ?PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null, ?LoggerInterface $logger = null, ?array $properties = null, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($managerRegistry, $logger, $properties, $nameConverter);
 
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ protected function getPropertyAccessor(): PropertyAccessorInterface
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, Builder $aggregationBuilder, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array &$context = []): void
     {
         if (
             null === $value
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/State/CollectionProvider.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/State/CollectionProvider.php
index cf257b0ec80..c96bff3b545 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/State/CollectionProvider.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/State/CollectionProvider.php
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ final class CollectionProvider implements ProviderInterface
     /**
      * @param AggregationCollectionExtensionInterface[] $collectionExtensions
      */
-    public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, private readonly ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, private readonly iterable $collectionExtensions = [], ContainerInterface $handleLinksLocator = null)
+    public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, private readonly ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, private readonly iterable $collectionExtensions = [], ?ContainerInterface $handleLinksLocator = null)
     {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
         $this->handleLinksLocator = $handleLinksLocator;
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/State/ItemProvider.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/State/ItemProvider.php
index 47fd0e588c6..0635cc5d9b3 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/State/ItemProvider.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/State/ItemProvider.php
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ final class ItemProvider implements ProviderInterface
     /**
      * @param AggregationItemExtensionInterface[] $itemExtensions
      */
-    public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, private readonly ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, private readonly iterable $itemExtensions = [], ContainerInterface $handleLinksLocator = null)
+    public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, private readonly ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, private readonly iterable $itemExtensions = [], ?ContainerInterface $handleLinksLocator = null)
     {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
         $this->handleLinksLocator = $handleLinksLocator;
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Odm/State/LinksHandlerTrait.php b/src/Doctrine/Odm/State/LinksHandlerTrait.php
index 1843d0f684e..20adac49e83 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Odm/State/LinksHandlerTrait.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Odm/State/LinksHandlerTrait.php
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ trait LinksHandlerTrait
 {
     use CommonLinksHandlerTrait;
 
-    private function handleLinks(Builder $aggregationBuilder, array $identifiers, array $context, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null): void
+    private function handleLinks(Builder $aggregationBuilder, array $identifiers, array $context, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null): void
     {
         if (!$identifiers) {
             return;
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ private function handleLinks(Builder $aggregationBuilder, array $identifiers, ar
     /**
      * @throws RuntimeException
      */
-    private function buildAggregation(string $toClass, array $links, array $identifiers, array $context, array $executeOptions, string $previousAggregationClass, Builder $previousAggregationBuilder, Operation $operation = null): Builder
+    private function buildAggregation(string $toClass, array $links, array $identifiers, array $context, array $executeOptions, string $previousAggregationClass, Builder $previousAggregationBuilder, ?Operation $operation = null): Builder
     {
         if (!$operation) {
             trigger_deprecation('api-platform/core', '3.2', 'In API Platform 4 the last argument "operation" will be required and this trait will be internal. Use the "handleLinks" feature instead.');
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/EagerLoadingExtension.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/EagerLoadingExtension.php
index dc6de300cb0..49f63b449f6 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/EagerLoadingExtension.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/EagerLoadingExtension.php
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterf
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function applyToCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass = null, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    public function applyToCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, ?string $resourceClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         $this->apply($queryBuilder, $queryNameGenerator, $resourceClass, $operation, $context);
     }
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public function applyToCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGenerator
     /**
      * The context may contain serialization groups which helps defining joined entities that are readable.
      */
-    public function applyToItem(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, array $identifiers, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    public function applyToItem(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, array $identifiers, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         $this->apply($queryBuilder, $queryNameGenerator, $resourceClass, $operation, $context);
     }
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ private function apply(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $
      *
      * @throws RuntimeException when the max number of joins has been reached
      */
-    private function joinRelations(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, bool $forceEager, bool $fetchPartial, string $parentAlias, array $options = [], array $normalizationContext = [], bool $wasLeftJoin = false, int &$joinCount = 0, int $currentDepth = null, string $parentAssociation = null): void
+    private function joinRelations(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, bool $forceEager, bool $fetchPartial, string $parentAlias, array $options = [], array $normalizationContext = [], bool $wasLeftJoin = false, int &$joinCount = 0, ?int $currentDepth = null, ?string $parentAssociation = null): void
     {
         if ($joinCount > $this->maxJoins) {
             throw new RuntimeException('The total number of joined relations has exceeded the specified maximum. Raise the limit if necessary with the "api_platform.eager_loading.max_joins" configuration key (https://api-platform.com/docs/core/performance/#eager-loading), or limit the maximum serialization depth using the "enable_max_depth" option of the Symfony serializer (https://symfony.com/doc/current/components/serializer.html#handling-serialization-depth).');
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/FilterEagerLoadingExtension.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/FilterEagerLoadingExtension.php
index 1afd8b2b9ed..31170db96cd 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/FilterEagerLoadingExtension.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/FilterEagerLoadingExtension.php
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly bool $forceEager = true, private re
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function applyToCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass = null, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    public function applyToCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, ?string $resourceClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         if (null === $resourceClass) {
             throw new InvalidArgumentException('The "$resourceClass" parameter must not be null');
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/FilterExtension.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/FilterExtension.php
index 551a405a616..298eff2905a 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/FilterExtension.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/FilterExtension.php
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ContainerInterface $filterLocator)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function applyToCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass = null, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    public function applyToCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, ?string $resourceClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         if (null === $resourceClass) {
             throw new InvalidArgumentException('The "$resourceClass" parameter must not be null');
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/OrderExtension.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/OrderExtension.php
index 65c7034e50b..a3833837f58 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/OrderExtension.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/OrderExtension.php
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ?string $order = null)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function applyToCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass = null, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    public function applyToCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, ?string $resourceClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         if (null === $resourceClass) {
             throw new InvalidArgumentException('The "$resourceClass" parameter must not be null');
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/PaginationExtension.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/PaginationExtension.php
index b23285f4307..80513e45b49 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/PaginationExtension.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/PaginationExtension.php
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, p
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function applyToCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    public function applyToCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         if (null === $pagination = $this->getPagination($queryBuilder, $operation, $context)) {
             return;
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public function applyToCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGenerator
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsResult(string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsResult(string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         if ($context['graphql_operation_name'] ?? false) {
             return $this->pagination->isGraphQlEnabled($operation, $context);
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ public function supportsResult(string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = nul
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function getResult(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, string $resourceClass = null, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): iterable
+    public function getResult(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, ?string $resourceClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): iterable
     {
         $query = $queryBuilder->getQuery();
 
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ private function addCountToContext(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, array $context):
     /**
      * Determines the value of the $fetchJoinCollection argument passed to the Doctrine ORM Paginator.
      */
-    private function shouldDoctrinePaginatorFetchJoinCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool
+    private function shouldDoctrinePaginatorFetchJoinCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         $fetchJoinCollection = $operation?->getPaginationFetchJoinCollection();
 
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ private function shouldDoctrinePaginatorFetchJoinCollection(QueryBuilder $queryB
     /**
      * Determines whether the Doctrine ORM Paginator should use output walkers.
      */
-    private function shouldDoctrinePaginatorUseOutputWalkers(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool
+    private function shouldDoctrinePaginatorUseOutputWalkers(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         $useOutputWalkers = $operation?->getPaginationUseOutputWalkers();
 
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryCollectionExtensionInterface.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryCollectionExtensionInterface.php
index cb386135ea3..191c2ac1a61 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryCollectionExtensionInterface.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryCollectionExtensionInterface.php
@@ -25,5 +25,5 @@
  */
 interface QueryCollectionExtensionInterface
 {
-    public function applyToCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void;
+    public function applyToCollection(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void;
 }
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryItemExtensionInterface.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryItemExtensionInterface.php
index f337ebc4762..4d7aaed0a69 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryItemExtensionInterface.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryItemExtensionInterface.php
@@ -25,5 +25,5 @@
  */
 interface QueryItemExtensionInterface
 {
-    public function applyToItem(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, array $identifiers, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void;
+    public function applyToItem(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, array $identifiers, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void;
 }
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryResultCollectionExtensionInterface.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryResultCollectionExtensionInterface.php
index 7f74cacdd6b..fe996d29d5b 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryResultCollectionExtensionInterface.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryResultCollectionExtensionInterface.php
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
  */
 interface QueryResultCollectionExtensionInterface extends QueryCollectionExtensionInterface
 {
-    public function supportsResult(string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool;
+    public function supportsResult(string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool;
 
-    public function getResult(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, string $resourceClass = null, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): iterable;
+    public function getResult(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, ?string $resourceClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): iterable;
 }
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryResultItemExtensionInterface.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryResultItemExtensionInterface.php
index 7cc513ed7fc..4c23d77522b 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryResultItemExtensionInterface.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Extension/QueryResultItemExtensionInterface.php
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
  */
 interface QueryResultItemExtensionInterface extends QueryItemExtensionInterface
 {
-    public function supportsResult(string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool;
+    public function supportsResult(string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool;
 
-    public function getResult(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, string $resourceClass = null, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): ?object;
+    public function getResult(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, ?string $resourceClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): ?object;
 }
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/AbstractFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/AbstractFilter.php
index d2b2b5d1916..c1deb1c0a90 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/AbstractFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/AbstractFilter.php
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ abstract class AbstractFilter implements FilterInterface
     use PropertyHelperTrait;
     protected LoggerInterface $logger;
 
-    public function __construct(protected ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, LoggerInterface $logger = null, protected ?array $properties = null, protected ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
+    public function __construct(protected ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?LoggerInterface $logger = null, protected ?array $properties = null, protected ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
     {
         $this->logger = $logger ?? new NullLogger();
     }
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public function __construct(protected ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, LoggerIn
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function apply(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    public function apply(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         foreach ($context['filters'] as $property => $value) {
             $this->filterProperty($this->denormalizePropertyName($property), $value, $queryBuilder, $queryNameGenerator, $resourceClass, $operation, $context);
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ public function apply(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $q
     /**
      * Passes a property through the filter.
      */
-    abstract protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void;
+    abstract protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void;
 
     protected function getManagerRegistry(): ManagerRegistry
     {
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/BooleanFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/BooleanFilter.php
index cb040c49a42..2f230c465dd 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/BooleanFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/BooleanFilter.php
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ final class BooleanFilter extends AbstractFilter
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         if (
             !$this->isPropertyEnabled($property, $resourceClass)
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/DateFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/DateFilter.php
index d895cc68cbc..6cbd8d24248 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/DateFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/DateFilter.php
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ final class DateFilter extends AbstractFilter implements DateFilterInterface
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $values, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $values, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         // Expect $values to be an array having the period as keys and the date value as values
         if (
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ protected function filterProperty(string $property, $values, QueryBuilder $query
     /**
      * Adds the where clause according to the chosen null management.
      */
-    protected function addWhere(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $alias, string $field, string $operator, mixed $value, string $nullManagement = null, DBALType|string $type = null): void
+    protected function addWhere(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $alias, string $field, string $operator, mixed $value, ?string $nullManagement = null, DBALType|string|null $type = null): void
     {
         $type = (string) $type;
         $value = $this->normalizeValue($value, $operator);
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/ExistsFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/ExistsFilter.php
index f7f2cbab842..db0db4b3ec8 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/ExistsFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/ExistsFilter.php
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ final class ExistsFilter extends AbstractFilter implements ExistsFilterInterface
 {
     use ExistsFilterTrait;
 
-    public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, LoggerInterface $logger = null, array $properties = null, string $existsParameterName = self::QUERY_PARAMETER_KEY, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
+    public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?LoggerInterface $logger = null, ?array $properties = null, string $existsParameterName = self::QUERY_PARAMETER_KEY, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($managerRegistry, $logger, $properties, $nameConverter);
 
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, LoggerInterface $l
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function apply(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    public function apply(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         foreach ($context['filters'][$this->existsParameterName] ?? [] as $property => $value) {
             $this->filterProperty($this->denormalizePropertyName($property), $value, $queryBuilder, $queryNameGenerator, $resourceClass, $operation, $context);
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ public function apply(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $q
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         if (
             !$this->isPropertyEnabled($property, $resourceClass)
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/FilterInterface.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/FilterInterface.php
index 50e02b12f71..4cfa337dfb6 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/FilterInterface.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/FilterInterface.php
@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@ interface FilterInterface extends BaseFilterInterface
     /**
      * Applies the filter.
      */
-    public function apply(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void;
+    public function apply(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void;
 }
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/NumericFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/NumericFilter.php
index bbcd1d67a0f..c27e3f648a4 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/NumericFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/NumericFilter.php
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ final class NumericFilter extends AbstractFilter
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         if (
             !$this->isPropertyEnabled($property, $resourceClass)
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryB
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function getType(string $doctrineType = null): string
+    protected function getType(?string $doctrineType = null): string
     {
         if (null === $doctrineType || Types::DECIMAL === $doctrineType) {
             return 'string';
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/OrderFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/OrderFilter.php
index abece578049..bf40b54e614 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/OrderFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/OrderFilter.php
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ final class OrderFilter extends AbstractFilter implements OrderFilterInterface
 {
     use OrderFilterTrait;
 
-    public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, string $orderParameterName = 'order', LoggerInterface $logger = null, array $properties = null, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, private readonly ?string $orderNullsComparison = null)
+    public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, string $orderParameterName = 'order', ?LoggerInterface $logger = null, ?array $properties = null, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, private readonly ?string $orderNullsComparison = null)
     {
         if (null !== $properties) {
             $properties = array_map(static function ($propertyOptions) {
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, string $orderParam
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function apply(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    public function apply(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         if (isset($context['filters']) && !isset($context['filters'][$this->orderParameterName])) {
             return;
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ public function apply(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $q
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $direction, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $direction, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         if (!$this->isPropertyEnabled($property, $resourceClass) || !$this->isPropertyMapped($property, $resourceClass)) {
             return;
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/RangeFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/RangeFilter.php
index c2e0aaf4051..70c3e6867d0 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/RangeFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/RangeFilter.php
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ final class RangeFilter extends AbstractFilter implements RangeFilterInterface
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $values, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $values, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         if (
             !\is_array($values)
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/SearchFilter.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/SearchFilter.php
index 0ea085811d7..7fecabb7ddb 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/SearchFilter.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/SearchFilter.php
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ final class SearchFilter extends AbstractFilter implements SearchFilterInterface
 
     public const DOCTRINE_INTEGER_TYPE = Types::INTEGER;
 
-    public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, IriConverterInterface|LegacyIriConverterInterface $iriConverter, PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null, LoggerInterface $logger = null, array $properties = null, IdentifiersExtractorInterface|LegacyIdentifiersExtractorInterface $identifiersExtractor = null, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
+    public function __construct(ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, IriConverterInterface|LegacyIriConverterInterface $iriConverter, ?PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null, ?LoggerInterface $logger = null, ?array $properties = null, IdentifiersExtractorInterface|LegacyIdentifiersExtractorInterface|null $identifiersExtractor = null, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($managerRegistry, $logger, $properties, $nameConverter);
 
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ protected function getPropertyAccessor(): PropertyAccessorInterface
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         if (
             null === $value
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/State/CollectionProvider.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/State/CollectionProvider.php
index 7534f7e572d..6078b800fbc 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/State/CollectionProvider.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/State/CollectionProvider.php
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ final class CollectionProvider implements ProviderInterface
     /**
      * @param QueryCollectionExtensionInterface[] $collectionExtensions
      */
-    public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, private readonly ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, private readonly iterable $collectionExtensions = [], ContainerInterface $handleLinksLocator = null)
+    public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, private readonly ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, private readonly iterable $collectionExtensions = [], ?ContainerInterface $handleLinksLocator = null)
     {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
         $this->handleLinksLocator = $handleLinksLocator;
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/State/ItemProvider.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/State/ItemProvider.php
index eccc400564a..7ad57d81cd9 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/State/ItemProvider.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/State/ItemProvider.php
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ final class ItemProvider implements ProviderInterface
     /**
      * @param QueryItemExtensionInterface[] $itemExtensions
      */
-    public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, private readonly ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, private readonly iterable $itemExtensions = [], ContainerInterface $handleLinksLocator = null)
+    public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, private readonly ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, private readonly iterable $itemExtensions = [], ?ContainerInterface $handleLinksLocator = null)
     {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
         $this->handleLinksLocator = $handleLinksLocator;
diff --git a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Util/QueryBuilderHelper.php b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Util/QueryBuilderHelper.php
index 38f33864336..7814f988d6d 100644
--- a/src/Doctrine/Orm/Util/QueryBuilderHelper.php
+++ b/src/Doctrine/Orm/Util/QueryBuilderHelper.php
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ private function __construct()
     /**
      * Adds a join to the QueryBuilder if none exists.
      */
-    public static function addJoinOnce(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $alias, string $association, string $joinType = null, string $conditionType = null, string $condition = null, string $originAlias = null, string $newAlias = null): string
+    public static function addJoinOnce(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $alias, string $association, ?string $joinType = null, ?string $conditionType = null, ?string $condition = null, ?string $originAlias = null, ?string $newAlias = null): string
     {
         $join = self::getExistingJoin($queryBuilder, $alias, $association, $originAlias);
 
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ public static function traverseJoins(string $alias, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder,
     /**
      * Gets the existing join from QueryBuilder DQL parts.
      */
-    public static function getExistingJoin(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, string $alias, string $association, string $originAlias = null): ?Join
+    public static function getExistingJoin(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, string $alias, string $association, ?string $originAlias = null): ?Join
     {
         $parts = $queryBuilder->getDQLPart('join');
         $rootAlias = $originAlias ?? $queryBuilder->getRootAliases()[0];
diff --git a/src/Documentation/Action/DocumentationAction.php b/src/Documentation/Action/DocumentationAction.php
index 9ca5c2ddb94..5a3a51f24ee 100644
--- a/src/Documentation/Action/DocumentationAction.php
+++ b/src/Documentation/Action/DocumentationAction.php
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public function __construct(
         private readonly ?OpenApiFactoryInterface $openApiFactory = null,
         private readonly ?ProviderInterface $provider = null,
         private readonly ?ProcessorInterface $processor = null,
-        Negotiator $negotiator = null,
+        ?Negotiator $negotiator = null,
         private readonly array $documentationFormats = [OpenApiNormalizer::JSON_FORMAT => ['application/vnd.openapi+json'], OpenApiNormalizer::FORMAT => ['application/json']]
     ) {
         $this->negotiator = $negotiator ?? new Negotiator();
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public function __construct(
     /**
      * @return DocumentationInterface|OpenApi|Response
      */
-    public function __invoke(Request $request = null)
+    public function __invoke(?Request $request = null)
     {
         if (null === $request) {
             return new Documentation($this->resourceNameCollectionFactory->create(), $this->title, $this->description, $this->version);
diff --git a/src/Elasticsearch/Extension/AbstractFilterExtension.php b/src/Elasticsearch/Extension/AbstractFilterExtension.php
index da7aca2068d..13e82800882 100644
--- a/src/Elasticsearch/Extension/AbstractFilterExtension.php
+++ b/src/Elasticsearch/Extension/AbstractFilterExtension.php
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ContainerInterface $filterLocator)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function applyToCollection(array $requestBody, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function applyToCollection(array $requestBody, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         $resourceFilters = $operation?->getFilters();
 
diff --git a/src/Elasticsearch/Extension/RequestBodySearchCollectionExtensionInterface.php b/src/Elasticsearch/Extension/RequestBodySearchCollectionExtensionInterface.php
index 34ca405ac24..3e9ece3fc49 100644
--- a/src/Elasticsearch/Extension/RequestBodySearchCollectionExtensionInterface.php
+++ b/src/Elasticsearch/Extension/RequestBodySearchCollectionExtensionInterface.php
@@ -26,5 +26,5 @@
  */
 interface RequestBodySearchCollectionExtensionInterface
 {
-    public function applyToCollection(array $requestBody, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array;
+    public function applyToCollection(array $requestBody, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array;
 }
diff --git a/src/Elasticsearch/Extension/SortExtension.php b/src/Elasticsearch/Extension/SortExtension.php
index 02c6358358b..013d269ca48 100644
--- a/src/Elasticsearch/Extension/SortExtension.php
+++ b/src/Elasticsearch/Extension/SortExtension.php
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ public function __construct(PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFa
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function applyToCollection(array $requestBody, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function applyToCollection(array $requestBody, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         $orders = [];
 
diff --git a/src/Elasticsearch/Filter/AbstractSearchFilter.php b/src/Elasticsearch/Filter/AbstractSearchFilter.php
index ed94729fc0f..318289dd697 100644
--- a/src/Elasticsearch/Filter/AbstractSearchFilter.php
+++ b/src/Elasticsearch/Filter/AbstractSearchFilter.php
@@ -35,12 +35,12 @@
  */
 abstract class AbstractSearchFilter extends AbstractFilter implements ConstantScoreFilterInterface
 {
-    public function __construct(PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, protected IriConverterInterface $iriConverter, protected PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, array $properties = null)
+    public function __construct(PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, protected IriConverterInterface $iriConverter, protected PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, ?array $properties = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($propertyNameCollectionFactory, $propertyMetadataFactory, $resourceClassResolver, $nameConverter, $properties);
     }
 
-    public function apply(array $clauseBody, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function apply(array $clauseBody, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         $searches = [];
 
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ protected function getPhpType(Type $type): string
     /**
      * Is the given property of the given resource class an identifier?
      */
-    protected function isIdentifier(string $resourceClass, string $property, Operation $operation = null): bool
+    protected function isIdentifier(string $resourceClass, string $property, ?Operation $operation = null): bool
     {
         $identifier = 'id';
         if ($operation instanceof HttpOperation) {
diff --git a/src/Elasticsearch/Filter/FilterInterface.php b/src/Elasticsearch/Filter/FilterInterface.php
index 2a248a19448..7eda4bac771 100644
--- a/src/Elasticsearch/Filter/FilterInterface.php
+++ b/src/Elasticsearch/Filter/FilterInterface.php
@@ -25,5 +25,5 @@
  */
 interface FilterInterface extends BaseFilterInterface
 {
-    public function apply(array $clauseBody, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array;
+    public function apply(array $clauseBody, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array;
 }
diff --git a/src/Elasticsearch/Filter/OrderFilter.php b/src/Elasticsearch/Filter/OrderFilter.php
index b05599bfca9..481de5a1fd0 100644
--- a/src/Elasticsearch/Filter/OrderFilter.php
+++ b/src/Elasticsearch/Filter/OrderFilter.php
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ final class OrderFilter extends AbstractFilter implements SortFilterInterface
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function __construct(PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, private readonly string $orderParameterName = 'order', array $properties = null)
+    public function __construct(PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, private readonly string $orderParameterName = 'order', ?array $properties = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($propertyNameCollectionFactory, $propertyMetadataFactory, $resourceClassResolver, $nameConverter, $properties);
     }
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ public function __construct(PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyName
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function apply(array $clauseBody, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function apply(array $clauseBody, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         if (!\is_array($properties = $context['filters'][$this->orderParameterName] ?? [])) {
             return $clauseBody;
diff --git a/src/Elasticsearch/Serializer/DocumentNormalizer.php b/src/Elasticsearch/Serializer/DocumentNormalizer.php
index 02aa74c3739..0ab75a6e18a 100644
--- a/src/Elasticsearch/Serializer/DocumentNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Elasticsearch/Serializer/DocumentNormalizer.php
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ final class DocumentNormalizer implements NormalizerInterface, DenormalizerInter
 
     public function __construct(
         private readonly ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory,
-        ClassMetadataFactoryInterface $classMetadataFactory = null,
+        ?ClassMetadataFactoryInterface $classMetadataFactory = null,
         private readonly ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null,
-        PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null,
-        PropertyTypeExtractorInterface $propertyTypeExtractor = null,
-        ClassDiscriminatorResolverInterface $classDiscriminatorResolver = null,
-        callable $objectClassResolver = null,
+        ?PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null,
+        ?PropertyTypeExtractorInterface $propertyTypeExtractor = null,
+        ?ClassDiscriminatorResolverInterface $classDiscriminatorResolver = null,
+        ?callable $objectClassResolver = null,
         array $defaultContext = [],
     ) {
         $this->decoratedNormalizer = new ObjectNormalizer($classMetadataFactory, $nameConverter, $propertyAccessor, $propertyTypeExtractor, $classDiscriminatorResolver, $objectClassResolver, $defaultContext);
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public function __construct(
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && $this->decoratedNormalizer->supportsDenormalization($data, $type, $format, $context);
     }
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $forma
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $class, string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
+    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $class, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
     {
         if (\is_string($data['_id'] ?? null) && \is_array($data['_source'] ?? null)) {
             $data = $this->populateIdentifier($data, $class)['_source'];
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $class, string $format = null, a
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         // prevent the use of lower priority normalizers (e.g. serializer.normalizer.object) for this format
         return self::FORMAT === $format;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array
      *
      * @throws LogicException
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         throw new LogicException(sprintf('%s is a write-only format.', self::FORMAT));
     }
diff --git a/src/Elasticsearch/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php b/src/Elasticsearch/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
index efc8cfe4f78..fa0289c1483 100644
--- a/src/Elasticsearch/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Elasticsearch/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public function hasCacheableSupportsMethod(): bool
      *
      * @throws LogicException
      */
-    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $type, string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
+    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $type, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
     {
         if (!$this->decorated instanceof DenormalizerInterface) {
             throw new LogicException(sprintf('The decorated normalizer must be an instance of "%s".', DenormalizerInterface::class));
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $type, string $format = null, ar
      *
      * @throws LogicException
      */
-    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         if (!$this->decorated instanceof DenormalizerInterface) {
             throw new LogicException(sprintf('The decorated normalizer must be an instance of "%s".', DenormalizerInterface::class));
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $forma
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         return $this->decorated->normalize($object, $format, $context);
     }
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return DocumentNormalizer::FORMAT !== $format && $this->decorated->supportsNormalization($data, $format);
     }
diff --git a/src/Elasticsearch/Serializer/NameConverter/InnerFieldsNameConverter.php b/src/Elasticsearch/Serializer/NameConverter/InnerFieldsNameConverter.php
index 20df1dd28ba..c55943d0054 100644
--- a/src/Elasticsearch/Serializer/NameConverter/InnerFieldsNameConverter.php
+++ b/src/Elasticsearch/Serializer/NameConverter/InnerFieldsNameConverter.php
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly NameConverterInterface $inner = new
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(string $propertyName, string $class = null, string $format = null, array $context = []): string
+    public function normalize(string $propertyName, ?string $class = null, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): string
     {
         return $this->convertInnerFields($propertyName, true, $class, $format, $context);
     }
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ public function normalize(string $propertyName, string $class = null, string $fo
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function denormalize(string $propertyName, string $class = null, string $format = null, array $context = []): string
+    public function denormalize(string $propertyName, ?string $class = null, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): string
     {
         return $this->convertInnerFields($propertyName, false, $class, $format, $context);
     }
 
-    private function convertInnerFields(string $propertyName, bool $normalization, string $class = null, string $format = null, array $context = []): string
+    private function convertInnerFields(string $propertyName, bool $normalization, ?string $class = null, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): string
     {
         $convertedProperties = [];
 
diff --git a/src/Elasticsearch/Tests/Serializer/ItemNormalizerTest.php b/src/Elasticsearch/Tests/Serializer/ItemNormalizerTest.php
index 7a59ea6dda8..24abcb49040 100644
--- a/src/Elasticsearch/Tests/Serializer/ItemNormalizerTest.php
+++ b/src/Elasticsearch/Tests/Serializer/ItemNormalizerTest.php
@@ -150,12 +150,12 @@ public function testGetSupportedTypes(): void
 
         // TODO: use prophecy when getSupportedTypes() will be added to the interface
         $this->itemNormalizer = new ItemNormalizer(new class() implements NormalizerInterface {
-            public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): \ArrayObject|array|string|int|float|bool|null
+            public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): \ArrayObject|array|string|int|float|bool|null
             {
                 return null;
             }
 
-            public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+            public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
             {
                 return true;
             }
diff --git a/src/Exception/FilterValidationException.php b/src/Exception/FilterValidationException.php
index 784e005a3a1..d2454161a61 100644
--- a/src/Exception/FilterValidationException.php
+++ b/src/Exception/FilterValidationException.php
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
  */
 final class FilterValidationException extends \Exception implements ExceptionInterface, \Stringable
 {
-    public function __construct(private readonly array $constraintViolationList, string $message = '', int $code = 0, \Exception $previous = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly array $constraintViolationList, string $message = '', int $code = 0, ?\Exception $previous = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($message ?: $this->__toString(), $code, $previous);
     }
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Action/EntrypointAction.php b/src/GraphQl/Action/EntrypointAction.php
index 1a2ece85578..69c46710fa8 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Action/EntrypointAction.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Action/EntrypointAction.php
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public function __construct(
         private readonly bool $graphiqlEnabled = false,
         private readonly bool $graphQlPlaygroundEnabled = false,
         private readonly ?string $defaultIde = null,
-        Negotiator $negotiator = null
+        ?Negotiator $negotiator = null
     ) {
         $this->debug = $debug ? DebugFlag::INCLUDE_DEBUG_MESSAGE | DebugFlag::INCLUDE_TRACE : DebugFlag::NONE;
         $this->negotiator = $negotiator ?? new Negotiator();
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Executor.php b/src/GraphQl/Executor.php
index 701ba59244a..5c2ecddf7f1 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Executor.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Executor.php
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly bool $graphQlIntrospectionEnabled =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function executeQuery(Schema $schema, $source, mixed $rootValue = null, mixed $context = null, array $variableValues = null, string $operationName = null, callable $fieldResolver = null, array $validationRules = null): ExecutionResult
+    public function executeQuery(Schema $schema, $source, mixed $rootValue = null, mixed $context = null, ?array $variableValues = null, ?string $operationName = null, ?callable $fieldResolver = null, ?array $validationRules = null): ExecutionResult
     {
         return GraphQL::executeQuery($schema, $source, $rootValue, $context, $variableValues, $operationName, $fieldResolver, $validationRules);
     }
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/ExecutorInterface.php b/src/GraphQl/ExecutorInterface.php
index 4c39bff1a75..fafc326ee6f 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/ExecutorInterface.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/ExecutorInterface.php
@@ -26,5 +26,5 @@ interface ExecutorInterface
     /**
      * @see http://webonyx.github.io/graphql-php/executing-queries/#using-facade-method
      */
-    public function executeQuery(Schema $schema, $source, mixed $rootValue = null, mixed $context = null, array $variableValues = null, string $operationName = null, callable $fieldResolver = null, array $validationRules = null): ExecutionResult;
+    public function executeQuery(Schema $schema, $source, mixed $rootValue = null, mixed $context = null, ?array $variableValues = null, ?string $operationName = null, ?callable $fieldResolver = null, ?array $validationRules = null): ExecutionResult;
 }
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/CollectionResolverFactory.php b/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/CollectionResolverFactory.php
index 6cbac320d6c..b7fbd79845b 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/CollectionResolverFactory.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/CollectionResolverFactory.php
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ReadStageInterface $readStage, priv
     {
     }
 
-    public function __invoke(string $resourceClass = null, string $rootClass = null, Operation $operation = null): callable
+    public function __invoke(?string $resourceClass = null, ?string $rootClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null): callable
     {
         return function (?array $source, array $args, $context, ResolveInfo $info) use ($resourceClass, $rootClass, $operation): ?array {
             // If authorization has failed for a relation field (e.g. via ApiProperty security), the field is not present in the source: null can be returned directly to ensure the collection isn't in the response.
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ItemMutationResolverFactory.php b/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ItemMutationResolverFactory.php
index 7a17ecf1e18..999ea9a51ae 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ItemMutationResolverFactory.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ItemMutationResolverFactory.php
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ReadStageInterface $readStage, priv
     {
     }
 
-    public function __invoke(string $resourceClass = null, string $rootClass = null, Operation $operation = null): callable
+    public function __invoke(?string $resourceClass = null, ?string $rootClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null): callable
     {
         return function (?array $source, array $args, $context, ResolveInfo $info) use ($resourceClass, $rootClass, $operation): ?array {
             if (null === $resourceClass || null === $operation) {
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ItemResolverFactory.php b/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ItemResolverFactory.php
index 28169adb6ff..a1652b9bca7 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ItemResolverFactory.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ItemResolverFactory.php
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ReadStageInterface $readStage, priv
     {
     }
 
-    public function __invoke(string $resourceClass = null, string $rootClass = null, Operation $operation = null): callable
+    public function __invoke(?string $resourceClass = null, ?string $rootClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null): callable
     {
         return function (?array $source, array $args, $context, ResolveInfo $info) use ($resourceClass, $rootClass, $operation) {
             // Data already fetched and normalized (field or nested resource)
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ItemSubscriptionResolverFactory.php b/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ItemSubscriptionResolverFactory.php
index 2ad3f898ec0..0335a6ac232 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ItemSubscriptionResolverFactory.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ItemSubscriptionResolverFactory.php
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ReadStageInterface $readStage, priv
     {
     }
 
-    public function __invoke(string $resourceClass = null, string $rootClass = null, Operation $operation = null): callable
+    public function __invoke(?string $resourceClass = null, ?string $rootClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null): callable
     {
         return function (?array $source, array $args, $context, ResolveInfo $info) use ($resourceClass, $rootClass, $operation): ?array {
             if (null === $resourceClass || null === $operation) {
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ResolverFactory.php b/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ResolverFactory.php
index ba7dee32f67..2ddb2941836 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ResolverFactory.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ResolverFactory.php
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ public function __construct(
     ) {
     }
 
-    public function __invoke(string $resourceClass = null, string $rootClass = null, Operation $operation = null): callable
+    public function __invoke(?string $resourceClass = null, ?string $rootClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null): callable
     {
         return function (?array $source, array $args, $context, ResolveInfo $info) use ($resourceClass, $rootClass, $operation) {
             // Data already fetched and normalized (field or nested resource)
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ResolverFactoryInterface.php b/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ResolverFactoryInterface.php
index c8074ac8bab..c65e8f16682 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ResolverFactoryInterface.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/ResolverFactoryInterface.php
@@ -22,5 +22,5 @@
  */
 interface ResolverFactoryInterface
 {
-    public function __invoke(string $resourceClass = null, string $rootClass = null, Operation $operation = null): callable;
+    public function __invoke(?string $resourceClass = null, ?string $rootClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null): callable;
 }
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/ErrorNormalizer.php b/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/ErrorNormalizer.php
index 215b3cee685..ec9ecf772a8 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/ErrorNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/ErrorNormalizer.php
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ final class ErrorNormalizer implements NormalizerInterface
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         return FormattedError::createFromException($object);
     }
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return $data instanceof Error;
     }
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/HttpExceptionNormalizer.php b/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/HttpExceptionNormalizer.php
index 48c44035bd2..3f16e4ef46c 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/HttpExceptionNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/HttpExceptionNormalizer.php
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ final class HttpExceptionNormalizer implements NormalizerInterface
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         /** @var HttpExceptionInterface */
         $httpException = $object->getPrevious();
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return $data instanceof Error && $data->getPrevious() instanceof HttpExceptionInterface;
     }
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/RuntimeExceptionNormalizer.php b/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/RuntimeExceptionNormalizer.php
index 01cc7a1afaf..cf7e3a449f1 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/RuntimeExceptionNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/RuntimeExceptionNormalizer.php
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ final class RuntimeExceptionNormalizer implements NormalizerInterface
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         /** @var \RuntimeException */
         $runtimeException = $object->getPrevious();
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return $data instanceof Error && $data->getPrevious() instanceof \RuntimeException;
     }
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/ValidationExceptionNormalizer.php b/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/ValidationExceptionNormalizer.php
index 95843d0aa50..0cf44f41f9a 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/ValidationExceptionNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Serializer/Exception/ValidationExceptionNormalizer.php
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly array $exceptionToStatus = [])
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         /** @var ValidationException */
         $validationException = $object->getPrevious();
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return $data instanceof Error && $data->getPrevious() instanceof ValidationException;
     }
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php b/src/GraphQl/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
index 30e23d2d080..e8e6f2e77bb 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ final class ItemNormalizer extends BaseItemNormalizer
 
     private array $safeCacheKeysCache = [];
 
-    public function __construct(PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, IriConverterInterface $iriConverter, private readonly IdentifiersExtractorInterface $identifiersExtractor, ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, ClassMetadataFactoryInterface $classMetadataFactory = null, LoggerInterface $logger = null, ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, ResourceAccessCheckerInterface $resourceAccessChecker = null)
+    public function __construct(PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, IriConverterInterface $iriConverter, private readonly IdentifiersExtractorInterface $identifiersExtractor, ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, ?PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, ?ClassMetadataFactoryInterface $classMetadataFactory = null, ?LoggerInterface $logger = null, ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, ?ResourceAccessCheckerInterface $resourceAccessChecker = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($propertyNameCollectionFactory, $propertyMetadataFactory, $iriConverter, $resourceClassResolver, $propertyAccessor, $nameConverter, $classMetadataFactory, $logger ?: new NullLogger(), $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, $resourceAccessChecker);
     }
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public function __construct(PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyName
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && parent::supportsNormalization($data, $format, $context);
     }
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public function getSupportedTypes($format): array
      *
      * @throws UnexpectedValueException
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         $resourceClass = $this->getObjectClass($object);
 
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ protected function normalizeCollectionOfRelations(ApiProperty $propertyMetadata,
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && parent::supportsDenormalization($data, $type, $format, $context);
     }
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php b/src/GraphQl/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php
index 3322f85c0b0..03f0272fb77 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly NormalizerInterface $decorated, pri
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && $this->decorated->supportsNormalization($data, $format, $context);
     }
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public function hasCacheableSupportsMethod(): bool
      *
      * @throws UnexpectedValueException
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         if (isset($context['api_resource'])) {
             $originalResource = $context['api_resource'];
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Subscription/MercureSubscriptionIriGenerator.php b/src/GraphQl/Subscription/MercureSubscriptionIriGenerator.php
index 108c4382163..f7e3434f023 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Subscription/MercureSubscriptionIriGenerator.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Subscription/MercureSubscriptionIriGenerator.php
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ public function generateTopicIri(string $subscriptionId): string
         return "$scheme://$host/subscriptions/$subscriptionId";
     }
 
-    public function generateMercureUrl(string $subscriptionId, string $hub = null): string
+    public function generateMercureUrl(string $subscriptionId, ?string $hub = null): string
     {
         return sprintf('%s?topic=%s', $this->registry->getHub($hub)->getUrl(), $this->generateTopicIri($subscriptionId));
     }
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Subscription/MercureSubscriptionIriGeneratorInterface.php b/src/GraphQl/Subscription/MercureSubscriptionIriGeneratorInterface.php
index 1068f94c386..903e8e6958c 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Subscription/MercureSubscriptionIriGeneratorInterface.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Subscription/MercureSubscriptionIriGeneratorInterface.php
@@ -22,5 +22,5 @@ interface MercureSubscriptionIriGeneratorInterface
 {
     public function generateTopicIri(string $subscriptionId): string;
 
-    public function generateMercureUrl(string $subscriptionId, string $hub = null): string;
+    public function generateMercureUrl(string $subscriptionId, ?string $hub = null): string;
 }
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Subscription/OperationAwareSubscriptionManagerInterface.php b/src/GraphQl/Subscription/OperationAwareSubscriptionManagerInterface.php
index 5de5faedc77..621e304ebc0 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Subscription/OperationAwareSubscriptionManagerInterface.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Subscription/OperationAwareSubscriptionManagerInterface.php
@@ -22,5 +22,5 @@
  */
 interface OperationAwareSubscriptionManagerInterface extends SubscriptionManagerInterface
 {
-    public function retrieveSubscriptionId(array $context, ?array $result, Operation $operation = null): ?string;
+    public function retrieveSubscriptionId(array $context, ?array $result, ?Operation $operation = null): ?string;
 }
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Subscription/SubscriptionManager.php b/src/GraphQl/Subscription/SubscriptionManager.php
index 126b188772b..2cd2c2c6873 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Subscription/SubscriptionManager.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Subscription/SubscriptionManager.php
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly CacheItemPoolInterface $subscriptio
     {
     }
 
-    public function retrieveSubscriptionId(array $context, ?array $result, Operation $operation = null): ?string
+    public function retrieveSubscriptionId(array $context, ?array $result, ?Operation $operation = null): ?string
     {
         /** @var ResolveInfo $info */
         $info = $context['info'];
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php b/src/GraphQl/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php
index aac4550aac2..c90666c24f5 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php
@@ -143,12 +143,12 @@ public function getFoo(): ?array
         return $this->foo;
     }
 
-    public function setFoo(array $foo = null): void
+    public function setFoo(?array $foo = null): void
     {
         $this->foo = $foo;
     }
 
-    public function setDummyDate(\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
+    public function setDummyDate(?\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
     {
         $this->dummyDate = $dummyDate;
     }
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Tests/Fixtures/Type/Definition/DateTimeType.php b/src/GraphQl/Tests/Fixtures/Type/Definition/DateTimeType.php
index 2a0e475796b..2b6484b3e77 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Tests/Fixtures/Type/Definition/DateTimeType.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Tests/Fixtures/Type/Definition/DateTimeType.php
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public function parseValue($value): string
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function parseLiteral(Node $valueNode, array $variables = null): string
+    public function parseLiteral(Node $valueNode, ?array $variables = null): string
     {
         if ($valueNode instanceof StringValueNode && false !== \DateTime::createFromFormat(\DateTime::ATOM, $valueNode->value)) {
             return $valueNode->value;
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Tests/Resolver/Factory/ResolverFactoryTest.php b/src/GraphQl/Tests/Resolver/Factory/ResolverFactoryTest.php
index 7abacb5dafa..53874bc8889 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Tests/Resolver/Factory/ResolverFactoryTest.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Tests/Resolver/Factory/ResolverFactoryTest.php
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ class ResolverFactoryTest extends TestCase
     /**
      * @dataProvider graphQlQueries
      */
-    public function testGraphQlResolver(string $resourceClass = null, string $rootClass = null, Operation $operation = null, Operation $providedOperation = null, Operation $processedOperation = null): void
+    public function testGraphQlResolver(?string $resourceClass = null, ?string $rootClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null, ?Operation $providedOperation = null, ?Operation $processedOperation = null): void
     {
         $returnValue = new \stdClass();
         $body = new \stdClass();
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Tests/Resolver/Stage/ReadStageTest.php b/src/GraphQl/Tests/Resolver/Stage/ReadStageTest.php
index aa28e6aed75..40c6c37a03f 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Tests/Resolver/Stage/ReadStageTest.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Tests/Resolver/Stage/ReadStageTest.php
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ public static function itemProvider(): array
     /**
      * @dataProvider itemMutationOrSubscriptionProvider
      */
-    public function testApplyMutationOrSubscription(bool $isMutation, bool $isSubscription, string $resourceClass, ?string $identifier, ?object $item, bool $throwNotFound, ?object $expectedResult, string $expectedExceptionClass = null, string $expectedExceptionMessage = null): void
+    public function testApplyMutationOrSubscription(bool $isMutation, bool $isSubscription, string $resourceClass, ?string $identifier, ?object $item, bool $throwNotFound, ?object $expectedResult, ?string $expectedExceptionClass = null, ?string $expectedExceptionMessage = null): void
     {
         $operationName = 'create';
         $info = $this->prophesize(ResolveInfo::class)->reveal();
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Tests/Resolver/Stage/SerializeStageTest.php b/src/GraphQl/Tests/Resolver/Stage/SerializeStageTest.php
index 168123614f0..b7790daa0b1 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Tests/Resolver/Stage/SerializeStageTest.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Tests/Resolver/Stage/SerializeStageTest.php
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ public static function applyProvider(): iterable
     /**
      * @dataProvider applyCollectionWithPaginationProvider
      */
-    public function testApplyCollectionWithPagination(iterable|callable $collection, array $args, ?array $expectedResult, bool $pageBasedPagination, array $getFieldSelection = [], string $expectedExceptionClass = null, string $expectedExceptionMessage = null): void
+    public function testApplyCollectionWithPagination(iterable|callable $collection, array $args, ?array $expectedResult, bool $pageBasedPagination, array $getFieldSelection = [], ?string $expectedExceptionClass = null, ?string $expectedExceptionMessage = null): void
     {
         $operationName = 'collection_query';
         $resourceClass = 'myResource';
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Tests/Serializer/SerializerContextBuilderTest.php b/src/GraphQl/Tests/Serializer/SerializerContextBuilderTest.php
index 34b628a6208..32a6790b59d 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Tests/Serializer/SerializerContextBuilderTest.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Tests/Serializer/SerializerContextBuilderTest.php
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ protected function setUp(): void
         $this->serializerContextBuilder = $this->buildSerializerContextBuilder();
     }
 
-    private function buildSerializerContextBuilder(AdvancedNameConverterInterface $advancedNameConverter = null): SerializerContextBuilder
+    private function buildSerializerContextBuilder(?AdvancedNameConverterInterface $advancedNameConverter = null): SerializerContextBuilder
     {
         return new SerializerContextBuilder($advancedNameConverter ?? new CustomConverter());
     }
 
-    private function buildOperationFromContext(bool $isMutation, bool $isSubscription, array $expectedContext, bool $isNormalization = true, string $resourceClass = null): Operation
+    private function buildOperationFromContext(bool $isMutation, bool $isSubscription, array $expectedContext, bool $isNormalization = true, ?string $resourceClass = null): Operation
     {
         $operation = !$isMutation && !$isSubscription ? new Query() : new Mutation();
         if ($isSubscription) {
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ private function buildOperationFromContext(bool $isMutation, bool $isSubscriptio
     /**
      * @dataProvider createNormalizationContextProvider
      */
-    public function testCreateNormalizationContext(?string $resourceClass, string $operationName, array $fields, bool $isMutation, bool $isSubscription, bool $noInfo, array $expectedContext, callable $advancedNameConverter = null, string $expectedExceptionClass = null, string $expectedExceptionMessage = null): void
+    public function testCreateNormalizationContext(?string $resourceClass, string $operationName, array $fields, bool $isMutation, bool $isSubscription, bool $noInfo, array $expectedContext, ?callable $advancedNameConverter = null, ?string $expectedExceptionClass = null, ?string $expectedExceptionMessage = null): void
     {
         $resolverContext = [];
 
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Tests/State/Processor/NormalizeProcessorTest.php b/src/GraphQl/Tests/State/Processor/NormalizeProcessorTest.php
index 2ac140ead46..bc0a895a888 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Tests/State/Processor/NormalizeProcessorTest.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Tests/State/Processor/NormalizeProcessorTest.php
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ public function processItems(): array
     /**
      * @dataProvider processCollection
      */
-    public function testProcessCollection($collection, $operation, $args, ?array $expectedResult, array $getFieldSelection, string $expectedExceptionClass = null, string $expectedExceptionMessage = null): void
+    public function testProcessCollection($collection, $operation, $args, ?array $expectedResult, array $getFieldSelection, ?string $expectedExceptionClass = null, ?string $expectedExceptionMessage = null): void
     {
         $this->resolveInfoProphecy->getFieldSelection(1)->willReturn($getFieldSelection);
         $context = ['args' => $args, 'info' => $this->resolveInfoProphecy->reveal()];
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Tests/Type/FieldsBuilderTest.php b/src/GraphQl/Tests/Type/FieldsBuilderTest.php
index af610ea05c4..603b77c2471 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Tests/Type/FieldsBuilderTest.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Tests/Type/FieldsBuilderTest.php
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ protected function setUp(): void
         $this->fieldsBuilder = $this->buildFieldsBuilder();
     }
 
-    private function buildFieldsBuilder(AdvancedNameConverterInterface $advancedNameConverter = null): FieldsBuilder
+    private function buildFieldsBuilder(?AdvancedNameConverterInterface $advancedNameConverter = null): FieldsBuilder
     {
         return new FieldsBuilder($this->propertyNameCollectionFactoryProphecy->reveal(), $this->propertyMetadataFactoryProphecy->reveal(), $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactoryProphecy->reveal(), $this->resourceClassResolverProphecy->reveal(), $this->typesContainerProphecy->reveal(), $this->typeBuilderProphecy->reveal(), $this->typeConverterProphecy->reveal(), $this->itemResolverFactoryProphecy->reveal(), $this->collectionResolverFactoryProphecy->reveal(), $this->itemMutationResolverFactoryProphecy->reveal(), $this->itemSubscriptionResolverFactoryProphecy->reveal(), $this->filterLocatorProphecy->reveal(), new Pagination(), $advancedNameConverter ?? new CustomConverter(), '__');
     }
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ public static function subscriptionFieldsProvider(): array
     /**
      * @dataProvider resourceObjectTypeFieldsProvider
      */
-    public function testGetResourceObjectTypeFields(string $resourceClass, Operation $operation, array $properties, bool $input, int $depth, ?array $ioMetadata, array $expectedResourceObjectTypeFields, callable $advancedNameConverterFactory = null): void
+    public function testGetResourceObjectTypeFields(string $resourceClass, Operation $operation, array $properties, bool $input, int $depth, ?array $ioMetadata, array $expectedResourceObjectTypeFields, ?callable $advancedNameConverterFactory = null): void
     {
         $this->resourceClassResolverProphecy->isResourceClass($resourceClass)->willReturn(true);
         $this->resourceClassResolverProphecy->isResourceClass('nestedResourceClass')->willReturn(true);
@@ -872,7 +872,7 @@ public function testGetEnumFields(): void
     /**
      * @dataProvider resolveResourceArgsProvider
      */
-    public function testResolveResourceArgs(array $args, array $expectedResolvedArgs, string $expectedExceptionMessage = null): void
+    public function testResolveResourceArgs(array $args, array $expectedResolvedArgs, ?string $expectedExceptionMessage = null): void
     {
         if (null !== $expectedExceptionMessage) {
             $this->expectExceptionMessage($expectedExceptionMessage);
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Type/Definition/IterableType.php b/src/GraphQl/Type/Definition/IterableType.php
index c3dfbfdcee5..26c08c0d694 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Type/Definition/IterableType.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Type/Definition/IterableType.php
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public function parseValue(mixed $value): iterable
      *
      * @param ObjectValueNode|ListValueNode|IntValueNode|FloatValueNode|StringValueNode|BooleanValueNode|NullValueNode $valueNode
      */
-    public function parseLiteral(Node $valueNode, array $variables = null): float|array|bool|int|string|null
+    public function parseLiteral(Node $valueNode, ?array $variables = null): float|array|bool|int|string|null
     {
         if ($valueNode instanceof ObjectValueNode || $valueNode instanceof ListValueNode) {
             return $this->parseIterableLiteral($valueNode);
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Type/Definition/UploadType.php b/src/GraphQl/Type/Definition/UploadType.php
index 797e7186a8d..766a6d66645 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Type/Definition/UploadType.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Type/Definition/UploadType.php
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public function parseValue(mixed $value): UploadedFile
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function parseLiteral(Node $valueNode, array $variables = null): void
+    public function parseLiteral(Node $valueNode, ?array $variables = null): void
     {
         throw new Error('`Upload` cannot be hardcoded in query, be sure to conform to GraphQL multipart request specification.', $valueNode);
     }
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Type/FieldsBuilder.php b/src/GraphQl/Type/FieldsBuilder.php
index c70c32e29b9..55a2588a481 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Type/FieldsBuilder.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Type/FieldsBuilder.php
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ public function getSubscriptionFields(string $resourceClass, Operation $operatio
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function getResourceObjectTypeFields(?string $resourceClass, Operation $operation, bool $input, int $depth = 0, array $ioMetadata = null): array
+    public function getResourceObjectTypeFields(?string $resourceClass, Operation $operation, bool $input, int $depth = 0, ?array $ioMetadata = null): array
     {
         $fields = [];
         $idField = ['type' => GraphQLType::nonNull(GraphQLType::id())];
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ private function getFilterArgs(array $args, ?string $resourceClass, string $root
         return $this->convertFilterArgsToTypes($args);
     }
 
-    private function mergeFilterArgs(array $args, array $parsed, Operation $operation = null, string $original = ''): array
+    private function mergeFilterArgs(array $args, array $parsed, ?Operation $operation = null, string $original = ''): array
     {
         foreach ($parsed as $key => $value) {
             // Never override keys that cannot be merged
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Type/FieldsBuilderEnumInterface.php b/src/GraphQl/Type/FieldsBuilderEnumInterface.php
index fd2b8723e74..0517796e71c 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Type/FieldsBuilderEnumInterface.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Type/FieldsBuilderEnumInterface.php
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public function getSubscriptionFields(string $resourceClass, Operation $operatio
     /**
      * Gets the fields of the type of the given resource.
      */
-    public function getResourceObjectTypeFields(?string $resourceClass, Operation $operation, bool $input, int $depth = 0, array $ioMetadata = null): array;
+    public function getResourceObjectTypeFields(?string $resourceClass, Operation $operation, bool $input, int $depth = 0, ?array $ioMetadata = null): array;
 
     /**
      * Gets the fields (cases) of the enum.
diff --git a/src/GraphQl/Type/FieldsBuilderInterface.php b/src/GraphQl/Type/FieldsBuilderInterface.php
index 57ea683c7a7..dc4bd57f003 100644
--- a/src/GraphQl/Type/FieldsBuilderInterface.php
+++ b/src/GraphQl/Type/FieldsBuilderInterface.php
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public function getSubscriptionFields(string $resourceClass, Operation $operatio
     /**
      * Gets the fields of the type of the given resource.
      */
-    public function getResourceObjectTypeFields(?string $resourceClass, Operation $operation, bool $input, int $depth = 0, array $ioMetadata = null): array;
+    public function getResourceObjectTypeFields(?string $resourceClass, Operation $operation, bool $input, int $depth = 0, ?array $ioMetadata = null): array;
 
     /**
      * Resolve the args of a resource by resolving its types.
diff --git a/src/Hal/JsonSchema/SchemaFactory.php b/src/Hal/JsonSchema/SchemaFactory.php
index fdb0f67b0aa..b20c855cce0 100644
--- a/src/Hal/JsonSchema/SchemaFactory.php
+++ b/src/Hal/JsonSchema/SchemaFactory.php
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly SchemaFactoryInterface $schemaFacto
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function buildSchema(string $className, string $format = 'jsonhal', string $type = Schema::TYPE_OUTPUT, Operation $operation = null, Schema $schema = null, array $serializerContext = null, bool $forceCollection = false): Schema
+    public function buildSchema(string $className, string $format = 'jsonhal', string $type = Schema::TYPE_OUTPUT, ?Operation $operation = null, ?Schema $schema = null, ?array $serializerContext = null, bool $forceCollection = false): Schema
     {
         $schema = $this->schemaFactory->buildSchema($className, $format, $type, $operation, $schema, $serializerContext, $forceCollection);
         if ('jsonhal' !== $format) {
diff --git a/src/Hal/Serializer/CollectionNormalizer.php b/src/Hal/Serializer/CollectionNormalizer.php
index a3e69f2ab8f..8cce319c174 100644
--- a/src/Hal/Serializer/CollectionNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Hal/Serializer/CollectionNormalizer.php
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ protected function getPaginationData(iterable $object, array $context = []): arr
      *
      * @throws UnexpectedValueException
      */
-    protected function getItemsData(iterable $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    protected function getItemsData(iterable $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         $data = [];
 
diff --git a/src/Hal/Serializer/EntrypointNormalizer.php b/src/Hal/Serializer/EntrypointNormalizer.php
index edcda9c7931..8bea0ac875c 100644
--- a/src/Hal/Serializer/EntrypointNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Hal/Serializer/EntrypointNormalizer.php
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryIn
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         $entrypoint = ['_links' => ['self' => ['href' => $this->urlGenerator->generate('api_entrypoint')]]];
 
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && ($data instanceof Entrypoint || $data instanceof DocumentationEntrypoint);
     }
diff --git a/src/Hal/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php b/src/Hal/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
index 5c9cfff26cb..0b9baff4c8c 100644
--- a/src/Hal/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Hal/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ final class ItemNormalizer extends AbstractItemNormalizer
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && parent::supportsNormalization($data, $format, $context);
     }
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ public function getSupportedTypes($format): array
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         $resourceClass = $this->getObjectClass($object);
         if ($this->getOutputClass($context)) {
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         // prevent the use of lower priority normalizers (e.g. serializer.normalizer.object) for this format
         return self::FORMAT === $format;
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $forma
      *
      * @throws LogicException
      */
-    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $type, string $format = null, array $context = []): never
+    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $type, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): never
     {
         throw new LogicException(sprintf('%s is a read-only format.', self::FORMAT));
     }
diff --git a/src/Hal/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php b/src/Hal/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php
index 576d4d7bfd7..ec1ec5df213 100644
--- a/src/Hal/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Hal/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly NormalizerInterface $decorated, pri
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && $this->decorated->supportsNormalization($data, $format, $context);
     }
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ public function hasCacheableSupportsMethod(): bool
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         if (isset($context['api_resource'])) {
             $originalResource = $context['api_resource'];
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         // prevent the use of lower priority normalizers (e.g. serializer.normalizer.object) for this format
         return self::FORMAT === $format;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $forma
      *
      * @throws LogicException
      */
-    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $type, string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
+    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $type, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
     {
         throw new LogicException(sprintf('%s is a read-only format.', self::FORMAT));
     }
diff --git a/src/HttpCache/EventListener/AddHeadersListener.php b/src/HttpCache/EventListener/AddHeadersListener.php
index ef12bbba8c7..31a2612f708 100644
--- a/src/HttpCache/EventListener/AddHeadersListener.php
+++ b/src/HttpCache/EventListener/AddHeadersListener.php
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ final class AddHeadersListener
 {
     use OperationRequestInitiatorTrait;
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly bool $etag = false, private readonly ?int $maxAge = null, private readonly ?int $sharedMaxAge = null, private readonly ?array $vary = null, private readonly ?bool $public = null, ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, private readonly ?int $staleWhileRevalidate = null, private readonly ?int $staleIfError = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly bool $etag = false, private readonly ?int $maxAge = null, private readonly ?int $sharedMaxAge = null, private readonly ?array $vary = null, private readonly ?bool $public = null, ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, private readonly ?int $staleWhileRevalidate = null, private readonly ?int $staleIfError = null)
     {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
     }
diff --git a/src/HttpCache/EventListener/AddTagsListener.php b/src/HttpCache/EventListener/AddTagsListener.php
index 9d600a79d7e..feff8463b79 100644
--- a/src/HttpCache/EventListener/AddTagsListener.php
+++ b/src/HttpCache/EventListener/AddTagsListener.php
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ final class AddTagsListener
     use OperationRequestInitiatorTrait;
     use UriVariablesResolverTrait;
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly IriConverterInterface $iriConverter, ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, private readonly ?PurgerInterface $purger = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly IriConverterInterface $iriConverter, ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, private readonly ?PurgerInterface $purger = null)
     {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
     }
diff --git a/src/Hydra/JsonSchema/SchemaFactory.php b/src/Hydra/JsonSchema/SchemaFactory.php
index cecb0391ee6..b04ba616b80 100644
--- a/src/Hydra/JsonSchema/SchemaFactory.php
+++ b/src/Hydra/JsonSchema/SchemaFactory.php
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly SchemaFactoryInterface $schemaFacto
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function buildSchema(string $className, string $format = 'jsonld', string $type = Schema::TYPE_OUTPUT, Operation $operation = null, Schema $schema = null, array $serializerContext = null, bool $forceCollection = false): Schema
+    public function buildSchema(string $className, string $format = 'jsonld', string $type = Schema::TYPE_OUTPUT, ?Operation $operation = null, ?Schema $schema = null, ?array $serializerContext = null, bool $forceCollection = false): Schema
     {
         $schema = $this->schemaFactory->buildSchema($className, $format, $type, $operation, $schema, $serializerContext, $forceCollection);
         if ('jsonld' !== $format) {
diff --git a/src/Hydra/Serializer/CollectionFiltersNormalizer.php b/src/Hydra/Serializer/CollectionFiltersNormalizer.php
index 2b58890249d..c39f3ac621e 100644
--- a/src/Hydra/Serializer/CollectionFiltersNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Hydra/Serializer/CollectionFiltersNormalizer.php
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly NormalizerInterface $collectionNorm
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return $this->collectionNormalizer->supportsNormalization($data, $format, $context);
     }
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public function hasCacheableSupportsMethod(): bool
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         if (($context[AbstractObjectNormalizer::PRESERVE_EMPTY_OBJECTS] ?? false) && $object instanceof \ArrayObject && !\count($object)) {
             return $object;
diff --git a/src/Hydra/Serializer/CollectionNormalizer.php b/src/Hydra/Serializer/CollectionNormalizer.php
index d58bcad2a00..5eb308a6c64 100644
--- a/src/Hydra/Serializer/CollectionNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Hydra/Serializer/CollectionNormalizer.php
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ protected function getPaginationData(iterable $object, array $context = []): arr
     /**
      * Gets items data.
      */
-    protected function getItemsData(iterable $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    protected function getItemsData(iterable $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         $data = [];
         $data['hydra:member'] = [];
diff --git a/src/Hydra/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php b/src/Hydra/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php
index 04a09b6db34..86c5d088930 100644
--- a/src/Hydra/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Hydra/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ final class ConstraintViolationListNormalizer extends AbstractConstraintViolatio
 {
     public const FORMAT = 'jsonld';
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly UrlGeneratorInterface $urlGenerator, array $serializePayloadFields = null, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly UrlGeneratorInterface $urlGenerator, ?array $serializePayloadFields = null, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($serializePayloadFields, $nameConverter);
     }
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly UrlGeneratorInterface $urlGenerator
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         [$messages, $violations] = $this->getMessagesAndViolations($object);
 
diff --git a/src/Hydra/Serializer/DocumentationNormalizer.php b/src/Hydra/Serializer/DocumentationNormalizer.php
index f9e0c84f69c..aa0493c5811 100644
--- a/src/Hydra/Serializer/DocumentationNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Hydra/Serializer/DocumentationNormalizer.php
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryIn
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         $classes = [];
         $entrypointProperties = [];
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * Populates entrypoint properties.
      */
-    private function populateEntrypointProperties(ApiResource $resourceMetadata, string $shortName, string $prefixedShortName, array &$entrypointProperties, ResourceMetadataCollection $resourceMetadataCollection = null): void
+    private function populateEntrypointProperties(ApiResource $resourceMetadata, string $shortName, string $prefixedShortName, array &$entrypointProperties, ?ResourceMetadataCollection $resourceMetadataCollection = null): void
     {
         $hydraCollectionOperations = $this->getHydraOperations(true, $resourceMetadataCollection);
         if (empty($hydraCollectionOperations)) {
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ private function populateEntrypointProperties(ApiResource $resourceMetadata, str
     /**
      * Gets a Hydra class.
      */
-    private function getClass(string $resourceClass, ApiResource $resourceMetadata, string $shortName, string $prefixedShortName, array $context, ResourceMetadataCollection $resourceMetadataCollection = null): array
+    private function getClass(string $resourceClass, ApiResource $resourceMetadata, string $shortName, string $prefixedShortName, array $context, ?ResourceMetadataCollection $resourceMetadataCollection = null): array
     {
         $description = $resourceMetadata->getDescription();
         $isDeprecated = $resourceMetadata->getDeprecationReason();
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ private function getHydraProperties(string $resourceClass, ApiResource $resource
     /**
      * Gets Hydra operations.
      */
-    private function getHydraOperations(bool $collection, ResourceMetadataCollection $resourceMetadataCollection = null): array
+    private function getHydraOperations(bool $collection, ?ResourceMetadataCollection $resourceMetadataCollection = null): array
     {
         $hydraOperations = [];
         foreach ($resourceMetadataCollection as $resourceMetadata) {
@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ private function getContext(): array
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && $data instanceof Documentation;
     }
diff --git a/src/Hydra/Serializer/EntrypointNormalizer.php b/src/Hydra/Serializer/EntrypointNormalizer.php
index 29ffccb9802..669099a33f6 100644
--- a/src/Hydra/Serializer/EntrypointNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Hydra/Serializer/EntrypointNormalizer.php
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryIn
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         $entrypoint = [
             '@context' => $this->urlGenerator->generate('api_jsonld_context', ['shortName' => 'Entrypoint']),
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && ($data instanceof Entrypoint || $data instanceof DocumentationEntrypoint);
     }
diff --git a/src/Hydra/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php b/src/Hydra/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php
index 66257d2ab99..6117a3323cd 100644
--- a/src/Hydra/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Hydra/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly UrlGeneratorInterface $urlGenerator
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         $data = [
             '@context' => $this->urlGenerator->generate('api_jsonld_context', ['shortName' => 'Error']),
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         if ($context['api_error_resource'] ?? false) {
             return false;
diff --git a/src/Hydra/Serializer/PartialCollectionViewNormalizer.php b/src/Hydra/Serializer/PartialCollectionViewNormalizer.php
index ac64696db4f..0c1f6432a75 100644
--- a/src/Hydra/Serializer/PartialCollectionViewNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Hydra/Serializer/PartialCollectionViewNormalizer.php
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ final class PartialCollectionViewNormalizer implements NormalizerInterface, Norm
 {
     private readonly PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor;
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly NormalizerInterface $collectionNormalizer, private readonly string $pageParameterName = 'page', private string $enabledParameterName = 'pagination', private readonly ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory = null, PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly NormalizerInterface $collectionNormalizer, private readonly string $pageParameterName = 'page', private string $enabledParameterName = 'pagination', private readonly ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory = null, ?PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null)
     {
         $this->propertyAccessor = $propertyAccessor ?? PropertyAccess::createPropertyAccessor();
     }
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly NormalizerInterface $collectionNorm
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         $data = $this->collectionNormalizer->normalize($object, $format, $context);
 
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return $this->collectionNormalizer->supportsNormalization($data, $format, $context);
     }
diff --git a/src/JsonApi/Serializer/CollectionNormalizer.php b/src/JsonApi/Serializer/CollectionNormalizer.php
index 5ef4cfa1acf..8fe2be7c32b 100644
--- a/src/JsonApi/Serializer/CollectionNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/JsonApi/Serializer/CollectionNormalizer.php
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ protected function getPaginationData($object, array $context = []): array
      *
      * @throws UnexpectedValueException
      */
-    protected function getItemsData($object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    protected function getItemsData($object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         $data = [
             'data' => [],
diff --git a/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php b/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php
index 90c87a881cf..92afba9744f 100644
--- a/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $p
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         $violations = [];
         foreach ($object as $violation) {
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && $data instanceof ConstraintViolationListInterface;
     }
diff --git a/src/JsonApi/Serializer/EntrypointNormalizer.php b/src/JsonApi/Serializer/EntrypointNormalizer.php
index 911119508b4..5414d4da658 100644
--- a/src/JsonApi/Serializer/EntrypointNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/JsonApi/Serializer/EntrypointNormalizer.php
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryIn
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         $entrypoint = ['links' => ['self' => $this->urlGenerator->generate('api_entrypoint', [], UrlGeneratorInterface::ABS_URL)]];
 
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && ($data instanceof Entrypoint || $data instanceof DocumentationEntrypoint);
     }
diff --git a/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php b/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php
index 7d2de52fc05..55a2f12adbc 100644
--- a/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly bool $debug = false, array $default
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         // TODO: in api platform 4 this will be the default, note that JSON:API is close to Problem so we should use the same normalizer
         if ($context['rfc_7807_compliant_errors'] ?? false) {
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && ($data instanceof \Exception || $data instanceof FlattenException);
     }
diff --git a/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php b/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
index 4a48334b6b6..54ab6725a68 100644
--- a/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ final class ItemNormalizer extends AbstractItemNormalizer
 
     private array $componentsCache = [];
 
-    public function __construct(PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, IriConverterInterface|LegacyIriConverterInterface $iriConverter, ResourceClassResolverInterface|LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, ClassMetadataFactoryInterface $classMetadataFactory = null, array $defaultContext = [], ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, ResourceAccessCheckerInterface $resourceAccessChecker = null)
+    public function __construct(PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, IriConverterInterface|LegacyIriConverterInterface $iriConverter, ResourceClassResolverInterface|LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, ?PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, ?ClassMetadataFactoryInterface $classMetadataFactory = null, array $defaultContext = [], ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, ?ResourceAccessCheckerInterface $resourceAccessChecker = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($propertyNameCollectionFactory, $propertyMetadataFactory, $iriConverter, $resourceClassResolver, $propertyAccessor, $nameConverter, $classMetadataFactory, $defaultContext, $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, $resourceAccessChecker);
     }
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public function __construct(PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyName
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && parent::supportsNormalization($data, $format, $context) && !($data instanceof \Exception || $data instanceof FlattenException);
     }
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ public function getSupportedTypes($format): array
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         $resourceClass = $this->getObjectClass($object);
         if ($this->getOutputClass($context)) {
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && parent::supportsDenormalization($data, $type, $format, $context);
     }
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $forma
      *
      * @throws NotNormalizableValueException
      */
-    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $class, string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
+    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $class, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
     {
         // Avoid issues with proxies if we populated the object
         if (!isset($context[self::OBJECT_TO_POPULATE]) && isset($data['data']['id'])) {
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $class, string $format = null, a
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function getAttributes(object $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    protected function getAttributes(object $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         return $this->getComponents($object, $format, $context)['attributes'];
     }
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ protected function getAttributes(object $object, string $format = null, array $c
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function setAttributeValue(object $object, string $attribute, mixed $value, string $format = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function setAttributeValue(object $object, string $attribute, mixed $value, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         parent::setAttributeValue($object, $attribute, \is_array($value) && \array_key_exists('data', $value) ? $value['data'] : $value, $format, $context);
     }
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ protected function normalizeRelation(ApiProperty $propertyMetadata, ?object $rel
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function isAllowedAttribute(object|string $classOrObject, string $attribute, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    protected function isAllowedAttribute(object|string $classOrObject, string $attribute, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return preg_match('/^\\w[-\\w_]*$/', $attribute) && parent::isAllowedAttribute($classOrObject, $attribute, $format, $context);
     }
diff --git a/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php b/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php
index 5671df3fc95..2dc6a4c9274 100644
--- a/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly NormalizerInterface $decorated, pri
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && $this->decorated->supportsNormalization($data, $format, $context);
     }
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public function hasCacheableSupportsMethod(): bool
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         if (isset($context['api_resource'])) {
             $originalResource = $context['api_resource'];
diff --git a/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ReservedAttributeNameConverter.php b/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ReservedAttributeNameConverter.php
index 9bf8dc9456b..e25ad566dc9 100644
--- a/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ReservedAttributeNameConverter.php
+++ b/src/JsonApi/Serializer/ReservedAttributeNameConverter.php
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ?NameConverterInterface $nameConver
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(string $propertyName, string $class = null, string $format = null, array $context = []): string
+    public function normalize(string $propertyName, ?string $class = null, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): string
     {
         if (null !== $this->nameConverter) {
             $propertyName = $this->nameConverter->normalize($propertyName, $class, $format, $context);
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ public function normalize(string $propertyName, string $class = null, string $fo
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function denormalize(string $propertyName, string $class = null, string $format = null, array $context = []): string
+    public function denormalize(string $propertyName, ?string $class = null, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): string
     {
         if (\in_array($propertyName, self::JSON_API_RESERVED_ATTRIBUTES, true)) {
             $propertyName = substr($propertyName, 1);
diff --git a/src/JsonLd/Action/ContextAction.php b/src/JsonLd/Action/ContextAction.php
index 30d944da268..a6f0a5a7148 100644
--- a/src/JsonLd/Action/ContextAction.php
+++ b/src/JsonLd/Action/ContextAction.php
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ public function __construct(
      *
      * @return array{'@context': array<string, mixed>}|Response
      */
-    public function __invoke(string $shortName = 'Entrypoint', Request $request = null): array|Response
+    public function __invoke(string $shortName = 'Entrypoint', ?Request $request = null): array|Response
     {
         if (null !== $request && $this->provider && $this->processor && $this->serializer) {
             $operation = new Get(
diff --git a/src/JsonLd/ContextBuilder.php b/src/JsonLd/ContextBuilder.php
index 1214ca78d77..67673dbbb4e 100644
--- a/src/JsonLd/ContextBuilder.php
+++ b/src/JsonLd/ContextBuilder.php
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ public function getResourceContext(string $resourceClass, int $referenceType = U
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function getResourceContextUri(string $resourceClass, int $referenceType = null): string
+    public function getResourceContextUri(string $resourceClass, ?int $referenceType = null): string
     {
         $resourceMetadata = $this->resourceMetadataFactory->create($resourceClass)[0];
         if (null === $referenceType) {
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ public function getAnonymousResourceContext(object $object, array $context = [],
         return $jsonLdContext;
     }
 
-    private function getResourceContextWithShortname(string $resourceClass, int $referenceType, string $shortName, HttpOperation $operation = null): array
+    private function getResourceContextWithShortname(string $resourceClass, int $referenceType, string $shortName, ?HttpOperation $operation = null): array
     {
         $context = $this->getBaseContext($referenceType);
         $propertyContext = $operation ? ['normalization_groups' => $operation->getNormalizationContext()['groups'] ?? null, 'denormalization_groups' => $operation->getDenormalizationContext()['groups'] ?? null] : ['normalization_groups' => [], 'denormalization_groups' => []];
diff --git a/src/JsonLd/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php b/src/JsonLd/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
index 5eafbc7a31e..2729eb02301 100644
--- a/src/JsonLd/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/JsonLd/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ final class ItemNormalizer extends AbstractItemNormalizer
 
     public const FORMAT = 'jsonld';
 
-    public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, IriConverterInterface|LegacyIriConverterInterface $iriConverter, ResourceClassResolverInterface|LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, private readonly ContextBuilderInterface $contextBuilder, PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, ClassMetadataFactoryInterface $classMetadataFactory = null, array $defaultContext = [], ResourceAccessCheckerInterface $resourceAccessChecker = null)
+    public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, IriConverterInterface|LegacyIriConverterInterface $iriConverter, ResourceClassResolverInterface|LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, private readonly ContextBuilderInterface $contextBuilder, ?PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, ?ClassMetadataFactoryInterface $classMetadataFactory = null, array $defaultContext = [], ?ResourceAccessCheckerInterface $resourceAccessChecker = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($propertyNameCollectionFactory, $propertyMetadataFactory, $iriConverter, $resourceClassResolver, $propertyAccessor, $nameConverter, $classMetadataFactory, $defaultContext, $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, $resourceAccessChecker);
     }
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resource
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && parent::supportsNormalization($data, $format, $context);
     }
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public function getSupportedTypes($format): array
      *
      * @throws LogicException
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         $resourceClass = $this->getObjectClass($object);
 
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && parent::supportsDenormalization($data, $type, $format, $context);
     }
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $forma
      *
      * @throws NotNormalizableValueException
      */
-    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $class, string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
+    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $class, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
     {
         // Avoid issues with proxies if we populated the object
         if (isset($data['@id']) && !isset($context[self::OBJECT_TO_POPULATE])) {
diff --git a/src/JsonLd/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php b/src/JsonLd/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php
index cadcbebe8bc..5339e520728 100644
--- a/src/JsonLd/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/JsonLd/Serializer/ObjectNormalizer.php
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly NormalizerInterface $decorated, pri
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return self::FORMAT === $format && $this->decorated->supportsNormalization($data, $format, $context);
     }
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public function hasCacheableSupportsMethod(): bool
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         if (isset($context['api_resource'])) {
             $originalResource = $context['api_resource'];
diff --git a/src/JsonSchema/BackwardCompatibleSchemaFactory.php b/src/JsonSchema/BackwardCompatibleSchemaFactory.php
index 35b43168b99..9228d815e71 100644
--- a/src/JsonSchema/BackwardCompatibleSchemaFactory.php
+++ b/src/JsonSchema/BackwardCompatibleSchemaFactory.php
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly SchemaFactoryInterface $decorated)
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
      */
-    public function buildSchema(string $className, string $format = 'json', string $type = Schema::TYPE_OUTPUT, Operation $operation = null, Schema $schema = null, array $serializerContext = null, bool $forceCollection = false): Schema
+    public function buildSchema(string $className, string $format = 'json', string $type = Schema::TYPE_OUTPUT, ?Operation $operation = null, ?Schema $schema = null, ?array $serializerContext = null, bool $forceCollection = false): Schema
     {
         $schema = $this->decorated->buildSchema($className, $format, $type, $operation, $schema, $serializerContext, $forceCollection);
 
diff --git a/src/JsonSchema/Metadata/Property/Factory/SchemaPropertyMetadataFactory.php b/src/JsonSchema/Metadata/Property/Factory/SchemaPropertyMetadataFactory.php
index f2713a51866..087de10f6f1 100644
--- a/src/JsonSchema/Metadata/Property/Factory/SchemaPropertyMetadataFactory.php
+++ b/src/JsonSchema/Metadata/Property/Factory/SchemaPropertyMetadataFactory.php
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ public function create(string $resourceClass, string $property, array $options =
         return $propertyMetadata->withSchema($propertySchema + [$composition => $valueSchema]);
     }
 
-    private function getType(Type $type, bool $readableLink = null): array
+    private function getType(Type $type, ?bool $readableLink = null): array
     {
         if (!$type->isCollection()) {
             return $this->addNullabilityToTypeDefinition($this->typeToArray($type, $readableLink), $type);
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ private function getType(Type $type, bool $readableLink = null): array
         ], $type);
     }
 
-    private function typeToArray(Type $type, bool $readableLink = null): array
+    private function typeToArray(Type $type, ?bool $readableLink = null): array
     {
         return match ($type->getBuiltinType()) {
             Type::BUILTIN_TYPE_INT => ['type' => 'integer'],
diff --git a/src/JsonSchema/SchemaFactory.php b/src/JsonSchema/SchemaFactory.php
index 42af8dd413d..a128a896878 100644
--- a/src/JsonSchema/SchemaFactory.php
+++ b/src/JsonSchema/SchemaFactory.php
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ final class SchemaFactory implements SchemaFactoryInterface, SchemaFactoryAwareI
     public const FORCE_SUBSCHEMA = '_api_subschema_force_readable_link';
     public const OPENAPI_DEFINITION_NAME = 'openapi_definition_name';
 
-    public function __construct(?TypeFactoryInterface $typeFactory, ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory, private readonly PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, private readonly PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, private readonly ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver = null)
+    public function __construct(?TypeFactoryInterface $typeFactory, ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory, private readonly PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, private readonly PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, private readonly ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, ?ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver = null)
     {
         if ($typeFactory) {
             $this->typeFactory = $typeFactory;
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public function addDistinctFormat(string $format): void
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function buildSchema(string $className, string $format = 'json', string $type = Schema::TYPE_OUTPUT, Operation $operation = null, Schema $schema = null, array $serializerContext = null, bool $forceCollection = false): Schema
+    public function buildSchema(string $className, string $format = 'json', string $type = Schema::TYPE_OUTPUT, ?Operation $operation = null, ?Schema $schema = null, ?array $serializerContext = null, bool $forceCollection = false): Schema
     {
         $schema = $schema ? clone $schema : new Schema();
 
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ private function buildPropertySchema(Schema $schema, string $definitionName, str
         $schema->getDefinitions()[$definitionName]['properties'][$normalizedPropertyName] = new \ArrayObject($propertySchema);
     }
 
-    private function buildDefinitionName(string $className, string $format = 'json', string $inputOrOutputClass = null, Operation $operation = null, array $serializerContext = null): string
+    private function buildDefinitionName(string $className, string $format = 'json', ?string $inputOrOutputClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null, ?array $serializerContext = null): string
     {
         if ($operation) {
             $prefix = $operation->getShortName();
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ private function encodeDefinitionName(string $name): string
         return preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9.\-_]/', '.', $name);
     }
 
-    private function getMetadata(string $className, string $type = Schema::TYPE_OUTPUT, Operation $operation = null, array $serializerContext = null): ?array
+    private function getMetadata(string $className, string $type = Schema::TYPE_OUTPUT, ?Operation $operation = null, ?array $serializerContext = null): ?array
     {
         if (!$this->isResourceClass($className)) {
             return [
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ private function getValidationGroups(Operation $operation): array
     /**
      * Gets the options for the property name collection / property metadata factories.
      */
-    private function getFactoryOptions(array $serializerContext, array $validationGroups, HttpOperation $operation = null): array
+    private function getFactoryOptions(array $serializerContext, array $validationGroups, ?HttpOperation $operation = null): array
     {
         $options = [
             /* @see https://github.com/symfony/symfony/blob/v5.1.0/src/Symfony/Component/PropertyInfo/Extractor/ReflectionExtractor.php */
diff --git a/src/JsonSchema/SchemaFactoryInterface.php b/src/JsonSchema/SchemaFactoryInterface.php
index 3248156f5a8..ec992908a50 100644
--- a/src/JsonSchema/SchemaFactoryInterface.php
+++ b/src/JsonSchema/SchemaFactoryInterface.php
@@ -25,5 +25,5 @@ interface SchemaFactoryInterface
     /**
      * Builds the JSON Schema document corresponding to the given PHP class.
      */
-    public function buildSchema(string $className, string $format = 'json', string $type = Schema::TYPE_OUTPUT, Operation $operation = null, Schema $schema = null, array $serializerContext = null, bool $forceCollection = false): Schema;
+    public function buildSchema(string $className, string $format = 'json', string $type = Schema::TYPE_OUTPUT, ?Operation $operation = null, ?Schema $schema = null, ?array $serializerContext = null, bool $forceCollection = false): Schema;
 }
diff --git a/src/JsonSchema/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php b/src/JsonSchema/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php
index 919f8498278..ee45c52e851 100644
--- a/src/JsonSchema/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php
+++ b/src/JsonSchema/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php
@@ -147,12 +147,12 @@ public function getFoo(): ?array
         return $this->foo;
     }
 
-    public function setFoo(array $foo = null): void
+    public function setFoo(?array $foo = null): void
     {
         $this->foo = $foo;
     }
 
-    public function setDummyDate(\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
+    public function setDummyDate(?\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
     {
         $this->dummyDate = $dummyDate;
     }
diff --git a/src/JsonSchema/TypeFactory.php b/src/JsonSchema/TypeFactory.php
index 34f1f3f0080..3921913e82e 100644
--- a/src/JsonSchema/TypeFactory.php
+++ b/src/JsonSchema/TypeFactory.php
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ final class TypeFactory implements TypeFactoryInterface
 
     private ?SchemaFactoryInterface $schemaFactory = null;
 
-    public function __construct(ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver = null)
+    public function __construct(?ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver = null)
     {
         $this->resourceClassResolver = $resourceClassResolver;
     }
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public function setSchemaFactory(SchemaFactoryInterface $schemaFactory): void
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function getType(Type $type, string $format = 'json', bool $readableLink = null, array $serializerContext = null, Schema $schema = null): array
+    public function getType(Type $type, string $format = 'json', ?bool $readableLink = null, ?array $serializerContext = null, ?Schema $schema = null): array
     {
         if ('jsonschema' === $format) {
             return [];
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public function getType(Type $type, string $format = 'json', bool $readableLink
         return $this->addNullabilityToTypeDefinition($this->makeBasicType($type, $format, $readableLink, $serializerContext, $schema), $type, $schema);
     }
 
-    private function makeBasicType(Type $type, string $format = 'json', bool $readableLink = null, array $serializerContext = null, Schema $schema = null): array
+    private function makeBasicType(Type $type, string $format = 'json', ?bool $readableLink = null, ?array $serializerContext = null, ?Schema $schema = null): array
     {
         return match ($type->getBuiltinType()) {
             Type::BUILTIN_TYPE_INT => ['type' => 'integer'],
diff --git a/src/JsonSchema/TypeFactoryInterface.php b/src/JsonSchema/TypeFactoryInterface.php
index 795854dbf87..b2ba889c14e 100644
--- a/src/JsonSchema/TypeFactoryInterface.php
+++ b/src/JsonSchema/TypeFactoryInterface.php
@@ -25,5 +25,5 @@ interface TypeFactoryInterface
     /**
      * Gets the JSON Schema document which specifies the data type corresponding to the given PHP type, and recursively adds needed new schema to the current schema if provided.
      */
-    public function getType(Type $type, string $format = 'json', bool $readableLink = null, array $serializerContext = null, Schema $schema = null): array;
+    public function getType(Type $type, string $format = 'json', ?bool $readableLink = null, ?array $serializerContext = null, ?Schema $schema = null): array;
 }
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Delete.php b/src/Metadata/Delete.php
index b381971746d..280a85367cb 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Delete.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Delete.php
@@ -20,78 +20,78 @@
 final class Delete extends HttpOperation implements DeleteOperationInterface
 {
     public function __construct(
-        string $uriTemplate = null,
-        array $types = null,
+        ?string $uriTemplate = null,
+        ?array $types = null,
         $formats = null,
         $inputFormats = null,
         $outputFormats = null,
         $uriVariables = null,
-        string $routePrefix = null,
-        string $routeName = null,
-        array $defaults = null,
-        array $requirements = null,
-        array $options = null,
-        bool $stateless = null,
-        string $sunset = null,
-        string $acceptPatch = null,
+        ?string $routePrefix = null,
+        ?string $routeName = null,
+        ?array $defaults = null,
+        ?array $requirements = null,
+        ?array $options = null,
+        ?bool $stateless = null,
+        ?string $sunset = null,
+        ?string $acceptPatch = null,
         $status = null,
-        string $host = null,
-        array $schemes = null,
-        string $condition = null,
-        string $controller = null,
-        array $cacheHeaders = null,
-        array $paginationViaCursor = null,
-        array $hydraContext = null,
-        array $openapiContext = null,
-        bool|OpenApiOperation $openapi = null,
-        array $exceptionToStatus = null,
-        bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
-        array $links = null,
+        ?string $host = null,
+        ?array $schemes = null,
+        ?string $condition = null,
+        ?string $controller = null,
+        ?array $cacheHeaders = null,
+        ?array $paginationViaCursor = null,
+        ?array $hydraContext = null,
+        ?array $openapiContext = null,
+        bool|OpenApiOperation|null $openapi = null,
+        ?array $exceptionToStatus = null,
+        ?bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
+        ?array $links = null,
 
-        string $shortName = null,
-        string $class = null,
-        bool $paginationEnabled = null,
-        string $paginationType = null,
-        int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
-        int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
-        bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
-        bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
-        array $order = null,
-        string $description = null,
-        array $normalizationContext = null,
-        array $denormalizationContext = null,
-        bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
-        string $security = null,
-        string $securityMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostValidation = null,
-        string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
-        string $deprecationReason = null,
-        array $filters = null,
-        array $validationContext = null,
+        ?string $shortName = null,
+        ?string $class = null,
+        ?bool $paginationEnabled = null,
+        ?string $paginationType = null,
+        ?int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
+        ?bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
+        ?array $order = null,
+        ?string $description = null,
+        ?array $normalizationContext = null,
+        ?array $denormalizationContext = null,
+        ?bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
+        ?string $security = null,
+        ?string $securityMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidation = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
+        ?string $deprecationReason = null,
+        ?array $filters = null,
+        ?array $validationContext = null,
         $input = null,
         $output = null,
         $mercure = null,
         $messenger = null,
-        bool $elasticsearch = null,
-        int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
-        bool $read = null,
-        bool $deserialize = null,
-        bool $validate = null,
-        bool $write = null,
-        bool $serialize = null,
-        bool $fetchPartial = null,
-        bool $forceEager = null,
-        int $priority = null,
-        string $name = null,
+        ?bool $elasticsearch = null,
+        ?int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
+        ?bool $read = null,
+        ?bool $deserialize = null,
+        ?bool $validate = null,
+        ?bool $write = null,
+        ?bool $serialize = null,
+        ?bool $fetchPartial = null,
+        ?bool $forceEager = null,
+        ?int $priority = null,
+        ?string $name = null,
         $provider = null,
         $processor = null,
-        OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
+        ?OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
         array $extraProperties = [],
     ) {
         parent::__construct(
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Error.php b/src/Metadata/Error.php
index 988521523a3..9126a26c0a6 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Error.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Error.php
@@ -20,78 +20,78 @@
 final class Error extends HttpOperation
 {
     public function __construct(
-        string $uriTemplate = null,
-        array $types = null,
+        ?string $uriTemplate = null,
+        ?array $types = null,
         $formats = null,
         $inputFormats = null,
         $outputFormats = null,
         $uriVariables = null,
-        string $routePrefix = null,
-        string $routeName = null,
-        array $defaults = null,
-        array $requirements = null,
-        array $options = null,
-        bool $stateless = null,
-        string $sunset = null,
-        string $acceptPatch = null,
+        ?string $routePrefix = null,
+        ?string $routeName = null,
+        ?array $defaults = null,
+        ?array $requirements = null,
+        ?array $options = null,
+        ?bool $stateless = null,
+        ?string $sunset = null,
+        ?string $acceptPatch = null,
         $status = null,
-        string $host = null,
-        array $schemes = null,
-        string $condition = null,
-        string $controller = null,
-        array $cacheHeaders = null,
-        array $paginationViaCursor = null,
-        array $hydraContext = null,
-        array $openapiContext = null,
-        bool|OpenApiOperation $openapi = null,
-        array $exceptionToStatus = null,
-        bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
-        array $links = null,
+        ?string $host = null,
+        ?array $schemes = null,
+        ?string $condition = null,
+        ?string $controller = null,
+        ?array $cacheHeaders = null,
+        ?array $paginationViaCursor = null,
+        ?array $hydraContext = null,
+        ?array $openapiContext = null,
+        bool|OpenApiOperation|null $openapi = null,
+        ?array $exceptionToStatus = null,
+        ?bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
+        ?array $links = null,
 
-        string $shortName = null,
-        string $class = null,
-        bool $paginationEnabled = null,
-        string $paginationType = null,
-        int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
-        int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
-        bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
-        bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
-        array $order = null,
-        string $description = null,
-        array $normalizationContext = null,
-        array $denormalizationContext = null,
-        bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
-        string $security = null,
-        string $securityMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostValidation = null,
-        string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
-        string $deprecationReason = null,
-        array $filters = null,
-        array $validationContext = null,
+        ?string $shortName = null,
+        ?string $class = null,
+        ?bool $paginationEnabled = null,
+        ?string $paginationType = null,
+        ?int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
+        ?bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
+        ?array $order = null,
+        ?string $description = null,
+        ?array $normalizationContext = null,
+        ?array $denormalizationContext = null,
+        ?bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
+        ?string $security = null,
+        ?string $securityMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidation = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
+        ?string $deprecationReason = null,
+        ?array $filters = null,
+        ?array $validationContext = null,
         $input = null,
         $output = null,
         $mercure = null,
         $messenger = null,
-        bool $elasticsearch = null,
-        int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
-        bool $read = null,
-        bool $deserialize = null,
-        bool $validate = null,
-        bool $write = null,
-        bool $serialize = null,
-        bool $fetchPartial = null,
-        bool $forceEager = null,
-        int $priority = null,
-        string $name = null,
+        ?bool $elasticsearch = null,
+        ?int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
+        ?bool $read = null,
+        ?bool $deserialize = null,
+        ?bool $validate = null,
+        ?bool $write = null,
+        ?bool $serialize = null,
+        ?bool $fetchPartial = null,
+        ?bool $forceEager = null,
+        ?int $priority = null,
+        ?string $name = null,
         $provider = null,
         $processor = null,
-        OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
+        ?OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
         array $extraProperties = [],
     ) {
         parent::__construct(
diff --git a/src/Metadata/ErrorResource.php b/src/Metadata/ErrorResource.php
index 7a637771b26..a58fb14e990 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/ErrorResource.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/ErrorResource.php
@@ -20,71 +20,71 @@
 class ErrorResource extends ApiResource
 {
     public function __construct(
-        string $uriTemplate = null,
-        string $shortName = null,
-        string $description = null,
-        array|string $types = null,
+        ?string $uriTemplate = null,
+        ?string $shortName = null,
+        ?string $description = null,
+        array|string|null $types = null,
         $operations = null,
         $formats = null,
         $inputFormats = null,
         $outputFormats = null,
         $uriVariables = null,
-        string $routePrefix = null,
-        array $defaults = null,
-        array $requirements = null,
-        array $options = null,
-        bool $stateless = null,
-        string $sunset = null,
-        string $acceptPatch = null,
-        int $status = null,
-        string $host = null,
-        array $schemes = null,
-        string $condition = null,
-        string $controller = null,
-        string $class = null,
-        int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
-        string $deprecationReason = null,
-        array $cacheHeaders = null,
-        array $normalizationContext = null,
-        array $denormalizationContext = null,
-        bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
-        array $hydraContext = null,
-        array $openapiContext = null,
-        OpenApiOperation|bool $openapi = null,
-        array $validationContext = null,
-        array $filters = null,
-        bool $elasticsearch = null,
+        ?string $routePrefix = null,
+        ?array $defaults = null,
+        ?array $requirements = null,
+        ?array $options = null,
+        ?bool $stateless = null,
+        ?string $sunset = null,
+        ?string $acceptPatch = null,
+        ?int $status = null,
+        ?string $host = null,
+        ?array $schemes = null,
+        ?string $condition = null,
+        ?string $controller = null,
+        ?string $class = null,
+        ?int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
+        ?string $deprecationReason = null,
+        ?array $cacheHeaders = null,
+        ?array $normalizationContext = null,
+        ?array $denormalizationContext = null,
+        ?bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
+        ?array $hydraContext = null,
+        ?array $openapiContext = null,
+        OpenApiOperation|bool|null $openapi = null,
+        ?array $validationContext = null,
+        ?array $filters = null,
+        ?bool $elasticsearch = null,
         $mercure = null,
         $messenger = null,
         $input = null,
         $output = null,
-        array $order = null,
-        bool $fetchPartial = null,
-        bool $forceEager = null,
-        bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
-        bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
-        array $paginationViaCursor = null,
-        bool $paginationEnabled = null,
-        bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
-        bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
-        int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
-        int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationPartial = null,
-        string $paginationType = null,
-        string $security = null,
-        string $securityMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostValidation = null,
-        string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
-        bool $compositeIdentifier = null,
-        array $exceptionToStatus = null,
-        bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
-        array $graphQlOperations = null,
+        ?array $order = null,
+        ?bool $fetchPartial = null,
+        ?bool $forceEager = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
+        ?array $paginationViaCursor = null,
+        ?bool $paginationEnabled = null,
+        ?bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
+        ?bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
+        ?int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationPartial = null,
+        ?string $paginationType = null,
+        ?string $security = null,
+        ?string $securityMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidation = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
+        ?bool $compositeIdentifier = null,
+        ?array $exceptionToStatus = null,
+        ?bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
+        ?array $graphQlOperations = null,
         $provider = null,
         $processor = null,
-        OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
+        ?OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
         array $extraProperties = []
     ) {
         parent::__construct(
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Extractor/XmlPropertyExtractor.php b/src/Metadata/Extractor/XmlPropertyExtractor.php
index 761a73e5424..1efb235b52a 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Extractor/XmlPropertyExtractor.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Extractor/XmlPropertyExtractor.php
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ protected function extractPath(string $path): void
         }
     }
 
-    private function buildExtraProperties(\SimpleXMLElement $resource, string $key = null): ?array
+    private function buildExtraProperties(\SimpleXMLElement $resource, ?string $key = null): ?array
     {
         if (null !== $key) {
             if (!isset($resource->{$key})) {
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Extractor/XmlResourceExtractor.php b/src/Metadata/Extractor/XmlResourceExtractor.php
index c5b7881b3b0..6115bde4e41 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Extractor/XmlResourceExtractor.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Extractor/XmlResourceExtractor.php
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ private function buildExceptionToStatus(\SimpleXMLElement $resource): ?array
         return $data;
     }
 
-    private function buildExtraProperties(\SimpleXMLElement $resource, string $key = null): ?array
+    private function buildExtraProperties(\SimpleXMLElement $resource, ?string $key = null): ?array
     {
         if (null !== $key) {
             if (!isset($resource->{$key})) {
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Get.php b/src/Metadata/Get.php
index ad1e6d08408..1b89fbc9791 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Get.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Get.php
@@ -20,78 +20,78 @@
 final class Get extends HttpOperation
 {
     public function __construct(
-        string $uriTemplate = null,
-        array $types = null,
+        ?string $uriTemplate = null,
+        ?array $types = null,
         $formats = null,
         $inputFormats = null,
         $outputFormats = null,
         $uriVariables = null,
-        string $routePrefix = null,
-        string $routeName = null,
-        array $defaults = null,
-        array $requirements = null,
-        array $options = null,
-        bool $stateless = null,
-        string $sunset = null,
-        string $acceptPatch = null,
+        ?string $routePrefix = null,
+        ?string $routeName = null,
+        ?array $defaults = null,
+        ?array $requirements = null,
+        ?array $options = null,
+        ?bool $stateless = null,
+        ?string $sunset = null,
+        ?string $acceptPatch = null,
         $status = null,
-        string $host = null,
-        array $schemes = null,
-        string $condition = null,
-        string $controller = null,
-        array $cacheHeaders = null,
-        array $paginationViaCursor = null,
-        array $hydraContext = null,
-        array $openapiContext = null,
-        bool|OpenApiOperation $openapi = null,
-        array $exceptionToStatus = null,
-        bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
-        array $links = null,
+        ?string $host = null,
+        ?array $schemes = null,
+        ?string $condition = null,
+        ?string $controller = null,
+        ?array $cacheHeaders = null,
+        ?array $paginationViaCursor = null,
+        ?array $hydraContext = null,
+        ?array $openapiContext = null,
+        bool|OpenApiOperation|null $openapi = null,
+        ?array $exceptionToStatus = null,
+        ?bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
+        ?array $links = null,
 
-        string $shortName = null,
-        string $class = null,
-        bool $paginationEnabled = null,
-        string $paginationType = null,
-        int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
-        int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
-        bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
-        bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
-        array $order = null,
-        string $description = null,
-        array $normalizationContext = null,
-        array $denormalizationContext = null,
-        bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
-        string $security = null,
-        string $securityMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostValidation = null,
-        string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
-        string $deprecationReason = null,
-        array $filters = null,
-        array $validationContext = null,
+        ?string $shortName = null,
+        ?string $class = null,
+        ?bool $paginationEnabled = null,
+        ?string $paginationType = null,
+        ?int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
+        ?bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
+        ?array $order = null,
+        ?string $description = null,
+        ?array $normalizationContext = null,
+        ?array $denormalizationContext = null,
+        ?bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
+        ?string $security = null,
+        ?string $securityMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidation = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
+        ?string $deprecationReason = null,
+        ?array $filters = null,
+        ?array $validationContext = null,
         $input = null,
         $output = null,
         $mercure = null,
         $messenger = null,
-        bool $elasticsearch = null,
-        int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
-        bool $read = null,
-        bool $deserialize = null,
-        bool $validate = null,
-        bool $write = null,
-        bool $serialize = null,
-        bool $fetchPartial = null,
-        bool $forceEager = null,
-        int $priority = null,
-        string $name = null,
+        ?bool $elasticsearch = null,
+        ?int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
+        ?bool $read = null,
+        ?bool $deserialize = null,
+        ?bool $validate = null,
+        ?bool $write = null,
+        ?bool $serialize = null,
+        ?bool $fetchPartial = null,
+        ?bool $forceEager = null,
+        ?int $priority = null,
+        ?string $name = null,
         $provider = null,
         $processor = null,
-        OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
+        ?OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
         array $extraProperties = [],
     ) {
         parent::__construct(
diff --git a/src/Metadata/GetCollection.php b/src/Metadata/GetCollection.php
index b9b2073dabc..de47c5aada3 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/GetCollection.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/GetCollection.php
@@ -20,78 +20,78 @@
 final class GetCollection extends HttpOperation implements CollectionOperationInterface
 {
     public function __construct(
-        string $uriTemplate = null,
-        array $types = null,
+        ?string $uriTemplate = null,
+        ?array $types = null,
         $formats = null,
         $inputFormats = null,
         $outputFormats = null,
         $uriVariables = null,
-        string $routePrefix = null,
-        string $routeName = null,
-        array $defaults = null,
-        array $requirements = null,
-        array $options = null,
-        bool $stateless = null,
-        string $sunset = null,
-        string $acceptPatch = null,
+        ?string $routePrefix = null,
+        ?string $routeName = null,
+        ?array $defaults = null,
+        ?array $requirements = null,
+        ?array $options = null,
+        ?bool $stateless = null,
+        ?string $sunset = null,
+        ?string $acceptPatch = null,
         $status = null,
-        string $host = null,
-        array $schemes = null,
-        string $condition = null,
-        string $controller = null,
-        array $cacheHeaders = null,
-        array $paginationViaCursor = null,
-        array $hydraContext = null,
-        array $openapiContext = null,
-        bool|OpenApiOperation $openapi = null,
-        array $exceptionToStatus = null,
-        bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
-        array $links = null,
+        ?string $host = null,
+        ?array $schemes = null,
+        ?string $condition = null,
+        ?string $controller = null,
+        ?array $cacheHeaders = null,
+        ?array $paginationViaCursor = null,
+        ?array $hydraContext = null,
+        ?array $openapiContext = null,
+        bool|OpenApiOperation|null $openapi = null,
+        ?array $exceptionToStatus = null,
+        ?bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
+        ?array $links = null,
 
-        string $shortName = null,
-        string $class = null,
-        bool $paginationEnabled = null,
-        string $paginationType = null,
-        int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
-        int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
-        bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
-        bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
-        array $order = null,
-        string $description = null,
-        array $normalizationContext = null,
-        array $denormalizationContext = null,
-        bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
-        string $security = null,
-        string $securityMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostValidation = null,
-        string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
-        string $deprecationReason = null,
-        array $filters = null,
-        array $validationContext = null,
+        ?string $shortName = null,
+        ?string $class = null,
+        ?bool $paginationEnabled = null,
+        ?string $paginationType = null,
+        ?int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
+        ?bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
+        ?array $order = null,
+        ?string $description = null,
+        ?array $normalizationContext = null,
+        ?array $denormalizationContext = null,
+        ?bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
+        ?string $security = null,
+        ?string $securityMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidation = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
+        ?string $deprecationReason = null,
+        ?array $filters = null,
+        ?array $validationContext = null,
         $input = null,
         $output = null,
         $mercure = null,
         $messenger = null,
-        bool $elasticsearch = null,
-        int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
-        bool $read = null,
-        bool $deserialize = null,
-        bool $validate = null,
-        bool $write = null,
-        bool $serialize = null,
-        bool $fetchPartial = null,
-        bool $forceEager = null,
-        int $priority = null,
-        string $name = null,
+        ?bool $elasticsearch = null,
+        ?int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
+        ?bool $read = null,
+        ?bool $deserialize = null,
+        ?bool $validate = null,
+        ?bool $write = null,
+        ?bool $serialize = null,
+        ?bool $fetchPartial = null,
+        ?bool $forceEager = null,
+        ?int $priority = null,
+        ?string $name = null,
         $provider = null,
         $processor = null,
-        OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
+        ?OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
         array $extraProperties = [],
         private ?string $itemUriTemplate = null,
     ) {
diff --git a/src/Metadata/GraphQl/Operation.php b/src/Metadata/GraphQl/Operation.php
index 0833b84bfc2..c51370967e8 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/GraphQl/Operation.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/GraphQl/Operation.php
@@ -40,50 +40,50 @@ public function __construct(
         protected ?array $extraArgs = null,
         protected ?array $links = null,
 
-        string $shortName = null,
-        string $class = null,
-        bool $paginationEnabled = null,
-        string $paginationType = null,
-        int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
-        int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
-        bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
-        bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
-        array $order = null,
-        string $description = null,
-        array $normalizationContext = null,
-        array $denormalizationContext = null,
-        bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
-        string $security = null,
-        string $securityMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostValidation = null,
-        string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
-        string $deprecationReason = null,
-        array $filters = null,
-        array $validationContext = null,
+        ?string $shortName = null,
+        ?string $class = null,
+        ?bool $paginationEnabled = null,
+        ?string $paginationType = null,
+        ?int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
+        ?bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
+        ?array $order = null,
+        ?string $description = null,
+        ?array $normalizationContext = null,
+        ?array $denormalizationContext = null,
+        ?bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
+        ?string $security = null,
+        ?string $securityMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidation = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
+        ?string $deprecationReason = null,
+        ?array $filters = null,
+        ?array $validationContext = null,
         $input = null,
         $output = null,
         $mercure = null,
         $messenger = null,
-        bool $elasticsearch = null,
-        int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
-        bool $read = null,
-        bool $deserialize = null,
-        bool $validate = null,
-        bool $write = null,
-        bool $serialize = null,
-        bool $fetchPartial = null,
-        bool $forceEager = null,
-        int $priority = null,
-        string $name = null,
+        ?bool $elasticsearch = null,
+        ?int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
+        ?bool $read = null,
+        ?bool $deserialize = null,
+        ?bool $validate = null,
+        ?bool $write = null,
+        ?bool $serialize = null,
+        ?bool $fetchPartial = null,
+        ?bool $forceEager = null,
+        ?int $priority = null,
+        ?string $name = null,
         $provider = null,
         $processor = null,
-        OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
+        ?OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
         array $extraProperties = []
     ) {
         parent::__construct(
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ public function getResolver(): ?string
         return $this->resolver;
     }
 
-    public function withResolver(string $resolver = null): self
+    public function withResolver(?string $resolver = null): self
     {
         $self = clone $this;
         $self->resolver = $resolver;
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ public function getArgs(): ?array
         return $this->args;
     }
 
-    public function withArgs(array $args = null): self
+    public function withArgs(?array $args = null): self
     {
         $self = clone $this;
         $self->args = $args;
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ public function getExtraArgs(): ?array
         return $this->extraArgs;
     }
 
-    public function withExtraArgs(array $extraArgs = null): self
+    public function withExtraArgs(?array $extraArgs = null): self
     {
         $self = clone $this;
         $self->extraArgs = $extraArgs;
diff --git a/src/Metadata/GraphQl/Query.php b/src/Metadata/GraphQl/Query.php
index 5f3546f8873..c86de8e0b07 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/GraphQl/Query.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/GraphQl/Query.php
@@ -19,55 +19,55 @@
 class Query extends Operation
 {
     public function __construct(
-        string $resolver = null,
-        array $args = null,
-        array $extraArgs = null,
-        array $links = null,
+        ?string $resolver = null,
+        ?array $args = null,
+        ?array $extraArgs = null,
+        ?array $links = null,
 
-        string $shortName = null,
-        string $class = null,
-        bool $paginationEnabled = null,
-        string $paginationType = null,
-        int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
-        int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
-        bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
-        bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
-        array $order = null,
-        string $description = null,
-        array $normalizationContext = null,
-        array $denormalizationContext = null,
-        bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
-        string $security = null,
-        string $securityMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostValidation = null,
-        string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
-        string $deprecationReason = null,
-        array $filters = null,
-        array $validationContext = null,
+        ?string $shortName = null,
+        ?string $class = null,
+        ?bool $paginationEnabled = null,
+        ?string $paginationType = null,
+        ?int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
+        ?bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
+        ?array $order = null,
+        ?string $description = null,
+        ?array $normalizationContext = null,
+        ?array $denormalizationContext = null,
+        ?bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
+        ?string $security = null,
+        ?string $securityMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidation = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
+        ?string $deprecationReason = null,
+        ?array $filters = null,
+        ?array $validationContext = null,
         $input = null,
         $output = null,
         $mercure = null,
         $messenger = null,
-        bool $elasticsearch = null,
-        int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
-        bool $read = null,
-        bool $deserialize = null,
-        bool $validate = null,
-        bool $write = null,
-        bool $serialize = null,
-        bool $fetchPartial = null,
-        bool $forceEager = null,
-        int $priority = null,
-        string $name = null,
+        ?bool $elasticsearch = null,
+        ?int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
+        ?bool $read = null,
+        ?bool $deserialize = null,
+        ?bool $validate = null,
+        ?bool $write = null,
+        ?bool $serialize = null,
+        ?bool $fetchPartial = null,
+        ?bool $forceEager = null,
+        ?int $priority = null,
+        ?string $name = null,
         $provider = null,
         $processor = null,
-        OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
+        ?OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
         array $extraProperties = [],
 
         protected ?bool $nested = null,
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ public function getNested(): ?bool
         return $this->nested;
     }
 
-    public function withNested(bool $nested = null): self
+    public function withNested(?bool $nested = null): self
     {
         $self = clone $this;
         $self->nested = $nested;
diff --git a/src/Metadata/GraphQl/QueryCollection.php b/src/Metadata/GraphQl/QueryCollection.php
index bf8a962f275..a23fa44aa04 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/GraphQl/QueryCollection.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/GraphQl/QueryCollection.php
@@ -20,58 +20,58 @@
 final class QueryCollection extends Query implements CollectionOperationInterface
 {
     public function __construct(
-        string $resolver = null,
-        array $args = null,
-        array $extraArgs = null,
-        array $links = null,
+        ?string $resolver = null,
+        ?array $args = null,
+        ?array $extraArgs = null,
+        ?array $links = null,
 
-        string $shortName = null,
-        string $class = null,
-        bool $paginationEnabled = null,
-        string $paginationType = null,
-        int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
-        int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
-        bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
-        bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
-        array $order = null,
-        string $description = null,
-        array $normalizationContext = null,
-        array $denormalizationContext = null,
-        bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
-        string $security = null,
-        string $securityMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostValidation = null,
-        string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
-        string $deprecationReason = null,
-        array $filters = null,
-        array $validationContext = null,
+        ?string $shortName = null,
+        ?string $class = null,
+        ?bool $paginationEnabled = null,
+        ?string $paginationType = null,
+        ?int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
+        ?bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
+        ?array $order = null,
+        ?string $description = null,
+        ?array $normalizationContext = null,
+        ?array $denormalizationContext = null,
+        ?bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
+        ?string $security = null,
+        ?string $securityMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidation = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
+        ?string $deprecationReason = null,
+        ?array $filters = null,
+        ?array $validationContext = null,
         $input = null,
         $output = null,
         $mercure = null,
         $messenger = null,
-        bool $elasticsearch = null,
-        int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
-        bool $read = null,
-        bool $deserialize = null,
-        bool $validate = null,
-        bool $write = null,
-        bool $serialize = null,
-        bool $fetchPartial = null,
-        bool $forceEager = null,
-        int $priority = null,
-        string $name = null,
+        ?bool $elasticsearch = null,
+        ?int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
+        ?bool $read = null,
+        ?bool $deserialize = null,
+        ?bool $validate = null,
+        ?bool $write = null,
+        ?bool $serialize = null,
+        ?bool $fetchPartial = null,
+        ?bool $forceEager = null,
+        ?int $priority = null,
+        ?string $name = null,
         $provider = null,
         $processor = null,
         protected ?OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
         array $extraProperties = [],
 
-        bool $nested = null,
+        ?bool $nested = null,
     ) {
         parent::__construct(
             resolver: $resolver,
diff --git a/src/Metadata/GraphQl/Subscription.php b/src/Metadata/GraphQl/Subscription.php
index c58208b6448..1ebec3e4c95 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/GraphQl/Subscription.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/GraphQl/Subscription.php
@@ -19,55 +19,55 @@
 final class Subscription extends Operation
 {
     public function __construct(
-        string $resolver = null,
-        array $args = null,
-        array $extraArgs = null,
-        array $links = null,
+        ?string $resolver = null,
+        ?array $args = null,
+        ?array $extraArgs = null,
+        ?array $links = null,
 
-        string $shortName = null,
-        string $class = null,
-        bool $paginationEnabled = null,
-        string $paginationType = null,
-        int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
-        int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
-        bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
-        bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
-        array $order = null,
-        string $description = null,
-        array $normalizationContext = null,
-        array $denormalizationContext = null,
-        bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
-        string $security = null,
-        string $securityMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostValidation = null,
-        string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
-        string $deprecationReason = null,
-        array $filters = null,
-        array $validationContext = null,
+        ?string $shortName = null,
+        ?string $class = null,
+        ?bool $paginationEnabled = null,
+        ?string $paginationType = null,
+        ?int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
+        ?bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
+        ?array $order = null,
+        ?string $description = null,
+        ?array $normalizationContext = null,
+        ?array $denormalizationContext = null,
+        ?bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
+        ?string $security = null,
+        ?string $securityMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidation = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
+        ?string $deprecationReason = null,
+        ?array $filters = null,
+        ?array $validationContext = null,
         $input = null,
         $output = null,
         $mercure = null,
         $messenger = null,
-        bool $elasticsearch = null,
-        int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
-        bool $read = null,
-        bool $deserialize = null,
-        bool $validate = null,
-        bool $write = null,
-        bool $serialize = null,
-        bool $fetchPartial = null,
-        bool $forceEager = null,
-        int $priority = null,
-        string $name = null,
+        ?bool $elasticsearch = null,
+        ?int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
+        ?bool $read = null,
+        ?bool $deserialize = null,
+        ?bool $validate = null,
+        ?bool $write = null,
+        ?bool $serialize = null,
+        ?bool $fetchPartial = null,
+        ?bool $forceEager = null,
+        ?int $priority = null,
+        ?string $name = null,
         $provider = null,
         $processor = null,
-        OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
+        ?OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
         array $extraProperties = [],
     ) {
         parent::__construct(
diff --git a/src/Metadata/HttpOperation.php b/src/Metadata/HttpOperation.php
index ed77bb58604..4b78cafd044 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/HttpOperation.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/HttpOperation.php
@@ -153,50 +153,50 @@ public function __construct(
         protected ?bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
         protected ?array $links = null,
 
-        string $shortName = null,
-        string $class = null,
-        bool $paginationEnabled = null,
-        string $paginationType = null,
-        int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
-        int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
-        bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
-        bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
-        array $order = null,
-        string $description = null,
-        array $normalizationContext = null,
-        array $denormalizationContext = null,
-        bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
-        string $security = null,
-        string $securityMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostValidation = null,
-        string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
-        string $deprecationReason = null,
-        array $filters = null,
-        array $validationContext = null,
+        ?string $shortName = null,
+        ?string $class = null,
+        ?bool $paginationEnabled = null,
+        ?string $paginationType = null,
+        ?int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
+        ?bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
+        ?array $order = null,
+        ?string $description = null,
+        ?array $normalizationContext = null,
+        ?array $denormalizationContext = null,
+        ?bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
+        ?string $security = null,
+        ?string $securityMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidation = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
+        ?string $deprecationReason = null,
+        ?array $filters = null,
+        ?array $validationContext = null,
         $input = null,
         $output = null,
         $mercure = null,
         $messenger = null,
-        bool $elasticsearch = null,
-        int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
-        bool $read = null,
-        bool $deserialize = null,
-        bool $validate = null,
-        bool $write = null,
-        bool $serialize = null,
-        bool $fetchPartial = null,
-        bool $forceEager = null,
-        int $priority = null,
-        string $name = null,
+        ?bool $elasticsearch = null,
+        ?int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
+        ?bool $read = null,
+        ?bool $deserialize = null,
+        ?bool $validate = null,
+        ?bool $write = null,
+        ?bool $serialize = null,
+        ?bool $fetchPartial = null,
+        ?bool $forceEager = null,
+        ?int $priority = null,
+        ?string $name = null,
         $provider = null,
         $processor = null,
-        OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
+        ?OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
         array $extraProperties = [],
     ) {
         parent::__construct(
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ public function getUriTemplate(): ?string
         return $this->uriTemplate;
     }
 
-    public function withUriTemplate(string $uriTemplate = null)
+    public function withUriTemplate(?string $uriTemplate = null)
     {
         $self = clone $this;
         $self->uriTemplate = $uriTemplate;
diff --git a/src/Metadata/IdentifiersExtractor.php b/src/Metadata/IdentifiersExtractor.php
index ee706d45244..3ad989848c3 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/IdentifiersExtractor.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/IdentifiersExtractor.php
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ final class IdentifiersExtractor implements IdentifiersExtractorInterface
     /**
      * @param LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface|ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver
      */
-    public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory, $resourceClassResolver, private readonly PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, private readonly PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null)
+    public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory, $resourceClassResolver, private readonly PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, private readonly PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, ?PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null)
     {
         $this->resourceMetadataFactory = $resourceMetadataFactory;
         $this->resourceClassResolver = $resourceClassResolver;
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resource
      *
      * TODO: 3.0 identifiers should be stringable?
      */
-    public function getIdentifiersFromItem(object $item, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function getIdentifiersFromItem(object $item, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         if (!$this->isResourceClass($this->getObjectClass($item))) {
             return ['id' => $this->propertyAccessor->getValue($item, 'id')];
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ private function getIdentifiersFromOperation(object $item, Operation $operation,
     /**
      * Gets the value of the given class property.
      */
-    private function getIdentifierValue(object $item, string $class, string $property, string $parameterName, string $toProperty = null): float|bool|int|string
+    private function getIdentifierValue(object $item, string $class, string $property, string $parameterName, ?string $toProperty = null): float|bool|int|string
     {
         if ($item instanceof $class) {
             try {
diff --git a/src/Metadata/IdentifiersExtractorInterface.php b/src/Metadata/IdentifiersExtractorInterface.php
index c8ac46d9929..ee3b11f9f32 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/IdentifiersExtractorInterface.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/IdentifiersExtractorInterface.php
@@ -39,6 +39,6 @@ interface IdentifiersExtractorInterface
          *
          * @throws RuntimeException
          */
-        public function getIdentifiersFromItem(object $item, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array;
+        public function getIdentifiersFromItem(object $item, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array;
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Metadata/IriConverterInterface.php b/src/Metadata/IriConverterInterface.php
index 56fd9618fba..7c16b2f729a 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/IriConverterInterface.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/IriConverterInterface.php
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ interface IriConverterInterface
          * @throws InvalidArgumentException
          * @throws ItemNotFoundException
          */
-        public function getResourceFromIri(string $iri, array $context = [], Operation $operation = null): object;
+        public function getResourceFromIri(string $iri, array $context = [], ?Operation $operation = null): object;
 
         /**
          * Gets the IRI associated with the given item.
@@ -52,6 +52,6 @@ public function getResourceFromIri(string $iri, array $context = [], Operation $
          * @throws InvalidArgumentException
          * @throws RuntimeException
          */
-        public function getIriFromResource(object|string $resource, int $referenceType = UrlGeneratorInterface::ABS_PATH, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): ?string;
+        public function getIriFromResource(object|string $resource, int $referenceType = UrlGeneratorInterface::ABS_PATH, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): ?string;
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Metadata.php b/src/Metadata/Metadata.php
index 0b409ac8c34..56049747138 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Metadata.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Metadata.php
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public function getDescription(): ?string
         return $this->description;
     }
 
-    public function withDescription(string $description = null): static
+    public function withDescription(?string $description = null): static
     {
         $self = clone $this;
         $self->description = $description;
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ public function getCollectDenormalizationErrors(): ?bool
         return $this->collectDenormalizationErrors;
     }
 
-    public function withCollectDenormalizationErrors(bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null): static
+    public function withCollectDenormalizationErrors(?bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null): static
     {
         $self = clone $this;
         $self->collectDenormalizationErrors = $collectDenormalizationErrors;
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ public function getSecurityPostValidation(): ?string
         return $this->securityPostValidation;
     }
 
-    public function withSecurityPostValidation(string $securityPostValidation = null): static
+    public function withSecurityPostValidation(?string $securityPostValidation = null): static
     {
         $self = clone $this;
         $self->securityPostValidation = $securityPostValidation;
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ public function getSecurityPostValidationMessage(): ?string
         return $this->securityPostValidationMessage;
     }
 
-    public function withSecurityPostValidationMessage(string $securityPostValidationMessage = null): static
+    public function withSecurityPostValidationMessage(?string $securityPostValidationMessage = null): static
     {
         $self = clone $this;
         $self->securityPostValidationMessage = $securityPostValidationMessage;
diff --git a/src/Metadata/NotExposed.php b/src/Metadata/NotExposed.php
index f7fa24af895..4d054bb75b0 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/NotExposed.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/NotExposed.php
@@ -31,81 +31,81 @@ final class NotExposed extends HttpOperation
      */
     public function __construct(
         string $method = 'GET',
-        string $uriTemplate = null,
-        array $types = null,
+        ?string $uriTemplate = null,
+        ?array $types = null,
         $formats = null,
         $inputFormats = null,
         $outputFormats = null,
         $uriVariables = null,
-        string $routePrefix = null,
-        string $routeName = null,
-        array $defaults = null,
-        array $requirements = null,
-        array $options = null,
-        bool $stateless = null,
-        string $sunset = null,
-        string $acceptPatch = null,
+        ?string $routePrefix = null,
+        ?string $routeName = null,
+        ?array $defaults = null,
+        ?array $requirements = null,
+        ?array $options = null,
+        ?bool $stateless = null,
+        ?string $sunset = null,
+        ?string $acceptPatch = null,
         $status = 404,
-        string $host = null,
-        array $schemes = null,
-        string $condition = null,
+        ?string $host = null,
+        ?array $schemes = null,
+        ?string $condition = null,
         ?string $controller = 'api_platform.action.not_exposed',
-        array $cacheHeaders = null,
-        array $paginationViaCursor = null,
+        ?array $cacheHeaders = null,
+        ?array $paginationViaCursor = null,
 
-        array $hydraContext = null,
-        array $openapiContext = null,
+        ?array $hydraContext = null,
+        ?array $openapiContext = null,
         bool|OpenApiOperation|null $openapi = false,
-        array $exceptionToStatus = null,
+        ?array $exceptionToStatus = null,
 
-        bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
-        array $links = null,
+        ?bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
+        ?array $links = null,
 
-        string $shortName = null,
-        string $class = null,
-        bool $paginationEnabled = null,
-        string $paginationType = null,
-        int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
-        int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
-        bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
-        bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
-        array $order = null,
-        string $description = null,
-        array $normalizationContext = null,
-        array $denormalizationContext = null,
-        bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
-        string $security = null,
-        string $securityMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostValidation = null,
-        string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
-        string $deprecationReason = null,
-        array $filters = null,
-        array $validationContext = null,
+        ?string $shortName = null,
+        ?string $class = null,
+        ?bool $paginationEnabled = null,
+        ?string $paginationType = null,
+        ?int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
+        ?bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
+        ?array $order = null,
+        ?string $description = null,
+        ?array $normalizationContext = null,
+        ?array $denormalizationContext = null,
+        ?bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
+        ?string $security = null,
+        ?string $securityMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidation = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
+        ?string $deprecationReason = null,
+        ?array $filters = null,
+        ?array $validationContext = null,
         $input = null,
         $output = false,
         $mercure = null,
         $messenger = null,
-        bool $elasticsearch = null,
-        int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
+        ?bool $elasticsearch = null,
+        ?int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
         ?bool $read = false,
-        bool $deserialize = null,
-        bool $validate = null,
-        bool $write = null,
-        bool $serialize = null,
-        bool $fetchPartial = null,
-        bool $forceEager = null,
-        int $priority = null,
-        string $name = null,
+        ?bool $deserialize = null,
+        ?bool $validate = null,
+        ?bool $write = null,
+        ?bool $serialize = null,
+        ?bool $fetchPartial = null,
+        ?bool $forceEager = null,
+        ?int $priority = null,
+        ?string $name = null,
         $provider = null,
         $processor = null,
         array $extraProperties = [],
-        OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
+        ?OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
     ) {
         parent::__construct(
             method: $method,
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Patch.php b/src/Metadata/Patch.php
index ba6e61f196a..f9f530a38b0 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Patch.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Patch.php
@@ -20,78 +20,78 @@
 final class Patch extends HttpOperation
 {
     public function __construct(
-        string $uriTemplate = null,
-        array $types = null,
+        ?string $uriTemplate = null,
+        ?array $types = null,
         $formats = null,
         $inputFormats = null,
         $outputFormats = null,
         $uriVariables = null,
-        string $routePrefix = null,
-        string $routeName = null,
-        array $defaults = null,
-        array $requirements = null,
-        array $options = null,
-        bool $stateless = null,
-        string $sunset = null,
-        string $acceptPatch = null,
+        ?string $routePrefix = null,
+        ?string $routeName = null,
+        ?array $defaults = null,
+        ?array $requirements = null,
+        ?array $options = null,
+        ?bool $stateless = null,
+        ?string $sunset = null,
+        ?string $acceptPatch = null,
         $status = null,
-        string $host = null,
-        array $schemes = null,
-        string $condition = null,
-        string $controller = null,
-        array $cacheHeaders = null,
-        array $paginationViaCursor = null,
-        array $hydraContext = null,
-        array $openapiContext = null,
-        bool|OpenApiOperation $openapi = null,
-        array $exceptionToStatus = null,
-        bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
-        array $links = null,
+        ?string $host = null,
+        ?array $schemes = null,
+        ?string $condition = null,
+        ?string $controller = null,
+        ?array $cacheHeaders = null,
+        ?array $paginationViaCursor = null,
+        ?array $hydraContext = null,
+        ?array $openapiContext = null,
+        bool|OpenApiOperation|null $openapi = null,
+        ?array $exceptionToStatus = null,
+        ?bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
+        ?array $links = null,
 
-        string $shortName = null,
-        string $class = null,
-        bool $paginationEnabled = null,
-        string $paginationType = null,
-        int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
-        int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
-        bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
-        bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
-        array $order = null,
-        string $description = null,
-        array $normalizationContext = null,
-        array $denormalizationContext = null,
-        bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
-        string $security = null,
-        string $securityMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostValidation = null,
-        string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
-        string $deprecationReason = null,
-        array $filters = null,
-        array $validationContext = null,
+        ?string $shortName = null,
+        ?string $class = null,
+        ?bool $paginationEnabled = null,
+        ?string $paginationType = null,
+        ?int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
+        ?bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
+        ?array $order = null,
+        ?string $description = null,
+        ?array $normalizationContext = null,
+        ?array $denormalizationContext = null,
+        ?bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
+        ?string $security = null,
+        ?string $securityMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidation = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
+        ?string $deprecationReason = null,
+        ?array $filters = null,
+        ?array $validationContext = null,
         $input = null,
         $output = null,
         $mercure = null,
         $messenger = null,
-        bool $elasticsearch = null,
-        int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
-        bool $read = null,
-        bool $deserialize = null,
-        bool $validate = null,
-        bool $write = null,
-        bool $serialize = null,
-        bool $fetchPartial = null,
-        bool $forceEager = null,
-        int $priority = null,
-        string $name = null,
+        ?bool $elasticsearch = null,
+        ?int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
+        ?bool $read = null,
+        ?bool $deserialize = null,
+        ?bool $validate = null,
+        ?bool $write = null,
+        ?bool $serialize = null,
+        ?bool $fetchPartial = null,
+        ?bool $forceEager = null,
+        ?int $priority = null,
+        ?string $name = null,
         $provider = null,
         $processor = null,
-        OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
+        ?OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
         array $extraProperties = [],
     ) {
         parent::__construct(
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Post.php b/src/Metadata/Post.php
index feba797ab9e..bf57ca48d00 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Post.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Post.php
@@ -20,78 +20,78 @@
 final class Post extends HttpOperation
 {
     public function __construct(
-        string $uriTemplate = null,
-        array $types = null,
+        ?string $uriTemplate = null,
+        ?array $types = null,
         $formats = null,
         $inputFormats = null,
         $outputFormats = null,
         $uriVariables = null,
-        string $routePrefix = null,
-        string $routeName = null,
-        array $defaults = null,
-        array $requirements = null,
-        array $options = null,
-        bool $stateless = null,
-        string $sunset = null,
-        string $acceptPatch = null,
+        ?string $routePrefix = null,
+        ?string $routeName = null,
+        ?array $defaults = null,
+        ?array $requirements = null,
+        ?array $options = null,
+        ?bool $stateless = null,
+        ?string $sunset = null,
+        ?string $acceptPatch = null,
         $status = null,
-        string $host = null,
-        array $schemes = null,
-        string $condition = null,
-        string $controller = null,
-        array $cacheHeaders = null,
-        array $paginationViaCursor = null,
-        array $hydraContext = null,
-        array $openapiContext = null,
-        bool|OpenApiOperation $openapi = null,
-        array $exceptionToStatus = null,
-        bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
-        array $links = null,
+        ?string $host = null,
+        ?array $schemes = null,
+        ?string $condition = null,
+        ?string $controller = null,
+        ?array $cacheHeaders = null,
+        ?array $paginationViaCursor = null,
+        ?array $hydraContext = null,
+        ?array $openapiContext = null,
+        bool|OpenApiOperation|null $openapi = null,
+        ?array $exceptionToStatus = null,
+        ?bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
+        ?array $links = null,
 
-        string $shortName = null,
-        string $class = null,
-        bool $paginationEnabled = null,
-        string $paginationType = null,
-        int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
-        int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
-        bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
-        bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
-        array $order = null,
-        string $description = null,
-        array $normalizationContext = null,
-        array $denormalizationContext = null,
-        bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
-        string $security = null,
-        string $securityMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostValidation = null,
-        string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
-        string $deprecationReason = null,
-        array $filters = null,
-        array $validationContext = null,
+        ?string $shortName = null,
+        ?string $class = null,
+        ?bool $paginationEnabled = null,
+        ?string $paginationType = null,
+        ?int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
+        ?bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
+        ?array $order = null,
+        ?string $description = null,
+        ?array $normalizationContext = null,
+        ?array $denormalizationContext = null,
+        ?bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
+        ?string $security = null,
+        ?string $securityMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidation = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
+        ?string $deprecationReason = null,
+        ?array $filters = null,
+        ?array $validationContext = null,
         $input = null,
         $output = null,
         $mercure = null,
         $messenger = null,
-        bool $elasticsearch = null,
-        int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
-        bool $read = null,
-        bool $deserialize = null,
-        bool $validate = null,
-        bool $write = null,
-        bool $serialize = null,
-        bool $fetchPartial = null,
-        bool $forceEager = null,
-        int $priority = null,
-        string $name = null,
+        ?bool $elasticsearch = null,
+        ?int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
+        ?bool $read = null,
+        ?bool $deserialize = null,
+        ?bool $validate = null,
+        ?bool $write = null,
+        ?bool $serialize = null,
+        ?bool $fetchPartial = null,
+        ?bool $forceEager = null,
+        ?int $priority = null,
+        ?string $name = null,
         $provider = null,
         $processor = null,
-        OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
+        ?OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
         array $extraProperties = [],
         private ?string $itemUriTemplate = null
     ) {
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Property/Factory/AttributePropertyMetadataFactory.php b/src/Metadata/Property/Factory/AttributePropertyMetadataFactory.php
index fb982eafe57..523168f10bd 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Property/Factory/AttributePropertyMetadataFactory.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Property/Factory/AttributePropertyMetadataFactory.php
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ private function handleNotFound(?ApiProperty $parentPropertyMetadata, string $re
         throw new PropertyNotFoundException(sprintf('Property "%s" of class "%s" not found.', $property, $resourceClass));
     }
 
-    private function createMetadata(ApiProperty $attribute, ApiProperty $propertyMetadata = null): ApiProperty
+    private function createMetadata(ApiProperty $attribute, ?ApiProperty $propertyMetadata = null): ApiProperty
     {
         if (null === $propertyMetadata) {
             return $this->handleUserDefinedSchema($attribute);
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Property/Factory/SerializerPropertyMetadataFactory.php b/src/Metadata/Property/Factory/SerializerPropertyMetadataFactory.php
index ef0f660f8b2..e539a8906da 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Property/Factory/SerializerPropertyMetadataFactory.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Property/Factory/SerializerPropertyMetadataFactory.php
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ final class SerializerPropertyMetadataFactory implements PropertyMetadataFactory
 {
     use ResourceClassInfoTrait;
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly SerializerClassMetadataFactoryInterface $serializerClassMetadataFactory, private readonly PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $decorated, ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly SerializerClassMetadataFactoryInterface $serializerClassMetadataFactory, private readonly PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $decorated, ?ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver = null)
     {
         $this->resourceClassResolver = $resourceClassResolver;
     }
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ public function create(string $resourceClass, string $property, array $options =
      * @param string[]|null $normalizationGroups
      * @param string[]|null $denormalizationGroups
      */
-    private function transformReadWrite(ApiProperty $propertyMetadata, string $resourceClass, string $propertyName, array $normalizationGroups = null, array $denormalizationGroups = null): ApiProperty
+    private function transformReadWrite(ApiProperty $propertyMetadata, string $resourceClass, string $propertyName, ?array $normalizationGroups = null, ?array $denormalizationGroups = null): ApiProperty
     {
         $serializerAttributeMetadata = $this->getSerializerAttributeMetadata($resourceClass, $propertyName);
         $groups = $serializerAttributeMetadata ? $serializerAttributeMetadata->getGroups() : [];
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ private function transformReadWrite(ApiProperty $propertyMetadata, string $resou
      * @param string[]|null $normalizationGroups
      * @param string[]|null $denormalizationGroups
      */
-    private function transformLinkStatus(ApiProperty $propertyMetadata, array $normalizationGroups = null, array $denormalizationGroups = null, array $types = null): ApiProperty
+    private function transformLinkStatus(ApiProperty $propertyMetadata, ?array $normalizationGroups = null, ?array $denormalizationGroups = null, ?array $types = null): ApiProperty
     {
         // No need to check link status if property is not readable and not writable
         if (false === $propertyMetadata->isReadable() && false === $propertyMetadata->isWritable()) {
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Put.php b/src/Metadata/Put.php
index 3157ddf1fea..230845711c7 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Put.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Put.php
@@ -20,78 +20,78 @@
 final class Put extends HttpOperation
 {
     public function __construct(
-        string $uriTemplate = null,
-        array $types = null,
+        ?string $uriTemplate = null,
+        ?array $types = null,
         $formats = null,
         $inputFormats = null,
         $outputFormats = null,
         $uriVariables = null,
-        string $routePrefix = null,
-        string $routeName = null,
-        array $defaults = null,
-        array $requirements = null,
-        array $options = null,
-        bool $stateless = null,
-        string $sunset = null,
-        string $acceptPatch = null,
+        ?string $routePrefix = null,
+        ?string $routeName = null,
+        ?array $defaults = null,
+        ?array $requirements = null,
+        ?array $options = null,
+        ?bool $stateless = null,
+        ?string $sunset = null,
+        ?string $acceptPatch = null,
         $status = null,
-        string $host = null,
-        array $schemes = null,
-        string $condition = null,
-        string $controller = null,
-        array $cacheHeaders = null,
-        array $paginationViaCursor = null,
-        array $hydraContext = null,
-        array $openapiContext = null,
-        bool|OpenApiOperation $openapi = null,
-        array $exceptionToStatus = null,
-        bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
-        array $links = null,
+        ?string $host = null,
+        ?array $schemes = null,
+        ?string $condition = null,
+        ?string $controller = null,
+        ?array $cacheHeaders = null,
+        ?array $paginationViaCursor = null,
+        ?array $hydraContext = null,
+        ?array $openapiContext = null,
+        bool|OpenApiOperation|null $openapi = null,
+        ?array $exceptionToStatus = null,
+        ?bool $queryParameterValidationEnabled = null,
+        ?array $links = null,
 
-        string $shortName = null,
-        string $class = null,
-        bool $paginationEnabled = null,
-        string $paginationType = null,
-        int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
-        int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
-        bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
-        bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
-        bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
-        bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
-        array $order = null,
-        string $description = null,
-        array $normalizationContext = null,
-        array $denormalizationContext = null,
-        bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
-        string $security = null,
-        string $securityMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
-        string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
-        string $securityPostValidation = null,
-        string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
-        string $deprecationReason = null,
-        array $filters = null,
-        array $validationContext = null,
+        ?string $shortName = null,
+        ?string $class = null,
+        ?bool $paginationEnabled = null,
+        ?string $paginationType = null,
+        ?int $paginationItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?int $paginationMaximumItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientEnabled = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientItemsPerPage = null,
+        ?bool $paginationClientPartial = null,
+        ?bool $paginationFetchJoinCollection = null,
+        ?bool $paginationUseOutputWalkers = null,
+        ?array $order = null,
+        ?string $description = null,
+        ?array $normalizationContext = null,
+        ?array $denormalizationContext = null,
+        ?bool $collectDenormalizationErrors = null,
+        ?string $security = null,
+        ?string $securityMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalize = null,
+        ?string $securityPostDenormalizeMessage = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidation = null,
+        ?string $securityPostValidationMessage = null,
+        ?string $deprecationReason = null,
+        ?array $filters = null,
+        ?array $validationContext = null,
         $input = null,
         $output = null,
         $mercure = null,
         $messenger = null,
-        bool $elasticsearch = null,
-        int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
-        bool $read = null,
-        bool $deserialize = null,
-        bool $validate = null,
-        bool $write = null,
-        bool $serialize = null,
-        bool $fetchPartial = null,
-        bool $forceEager = null,
-        int $priority = null,
-        string $name = null,
+        ?bool $elasticsearch = null,
+        ?int $urlGenerationStrategy = null,
+        ?bool $read = null,
+        ?bool $deserialize = null,
+        ?bool $validate = null,
+        ?bool $write = null,
+        ?bool $serialize = null,
+        ?bool $fetchPartial = null,
+        ?bool $forceEager = null,
+        ?int $priority = null,
+        ?string $name = null,
         $provider = null,
         $processor = null,
-        OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
+        ?OptionsInterface $stateOptions = null,
         array $extraProperties = [],
         private ?bool $allowCreate = null,
     ) {
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/AttributesResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php b/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/AttributesResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php
index 8ea3fc76cdc..969de3a4a67 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/AttributesResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/AttributesResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ final class AttributesResourceMetadataCollectionFactory implements ResourceMetad
 {
     use OperationDefaultsTrait;
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $decorated = null, LoggerInterface $logger = null, array $defaults = [], private readonly bool $graphQlEnabled = false)
+    public function __construct(private readonly ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $decorated = null, ?LoggerInterface $logger = null, array $defaults = [], private readonly bool $graphQlEnabled = false)
     {
         $this->logger = $logger ?? new NullLogger();
         $this->defaults = $defaults;
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/ExtractorResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php b/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/ExtractorResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php
index e15764ff642..8c2b6b28de2 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/ExtractorResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/ExtractorResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ final class ExtractorResourceMetadataCollectionFactory implements ResourceMetada
 {
     use OperationDefaultsTrait;
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly ResourceExtractorInterface $extractor, private readonly ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $decorated = null, array $defaults = [], LoggerInterface $logger = null, private readonly bool $graphQlEnabled = false)
+    public function __construct(private readonly ResourceExtractorInterface $extractor, private readonly ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $decorated = null, array $defaults = [], ?LoggerInterface $logger = null, private readonly bool $graphQlEnabled = false)
     {
         $this->logger = $logger ?? new NullLogger();
         $this->defaults = $defaults;
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/NotExposedOperationResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php b/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/NotExposedOperationResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php
index 2bd4401ceb2..cc84c0869ad 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/NotExposedOperationResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/NotExposedOperationResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ final class NotExposedOperationResourceMetadataCollectionFactory implements Reso
     private $linkFactory;
     private $decorated;
 
-    public function __construct(LinkFactoryInterface $linkFactory, ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $decorated = null)
+    public function __construct(LinkFactoryInterface $linkFactory, ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $decorated = null)
     {
         $this->linkFactory = $linkFactory;
         $this->decorated = $decorated;
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/PhpDocResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php b/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/PhpDocResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php
index d8f61484ea8..2a5163f424c 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/PhpDocResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Resource/Factory/PhpDocResourceMetadataCollectionFactory.php
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ final class PhpDocResourceMetadataCollectionFactory implements ResourceMetadataC
     /** @var array<string, PhpDocNode> */
     private array $docBlocks = [];
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $decorated, DocBlockFactoryInterface $docBlockFactory = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $decorated, ?DocBlockFactoryInterface $docBlockFactory = null)
     {
         $contextFactory = null;
         if ($docBlockFactory instanceof DocBlockFactoryInterface) {
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Resource/ResourceMetadataCollection.php b/src/Metadata/Resource/ResourceMetadataCollection.php
index 2a6c526ac7c..4e27d21bfce 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Resource/ResourceMetadataCollection.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Resource/ResourceMetadataCollection.php
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly string $resourceClass, array $input
         parent::__construct($input);
     }
 
-    public function getOperation(string $operationName = null, bool $forceCollection = false, bool $httpOperation = false): Operation
+    public function getOperation(?string $operationName = null, bool $forceCollection = false, bool $httpOperation = false): Operation
     {
         $operationName ??= '';
         $cachePrefix = ($forceCollection ? self::FORCE_COLLECTION : '').($httpOperation ? self::HTTP_OPERATION : '');
diff --git a/src/Metadata/ResourceClassResolver.php b/src/Metadata/ResourceClassResolver.php
index f2eb4f4dedb..54bca45dc86 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/ResourceClassResolver.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/ResourceClassResolver.php
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ResourceNameCollectionFactoryInterf
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function getResourceClass(mixed $value, string $resourceClass = null, bool $strict = false): string
+    public function getResourceClass(mixed $value, ?string $resourceClass = null, bool $strict = false): string
     {
         if ($strict && null === $resourceClass) {
             throw new InvalidArgumentException('Strict checking is only possible when resource class is specified.');
diff --git a/src/Metadata/ResourceClassResolverInterface.php b/src/Metadata/ResourceClassResolverInterface.php
index afb460bb252..95e6426b3a2 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/ResourceClassResolverInterface.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/ResourceClassResolverInterface.php
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ interface ResourceClassResolverInterface
          *
          * @throws InvalidArgumentException
          */
-        public function getResourceClass(mixed $value, string $resourceClass = null, bool $strict = false): string;
+        public function getResourceClass(mixed $value, ?string $resourceClass = null, bool $strict = false): string;
 
         /**
          * Is the given class a resource class?
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Tests/Extractor/Adapter/XmlResourceAdapter.php b/src/Metadata/Tests/Extractor/Adapter/XmlResourceAdapter.php
index 98432490002..d826c2390d7 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Tests/Extractor/Adapter/XmlResourceAdapter.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Tests/Extractor/Adapter/XmlResourceAdapter.php
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ private function buildValues(\SimpleXMLElement $resource, array $values): void
         }
     }
 
-    private function buildLinks(\SimpleXMLElement $resource, array $values = null): void
+    private function buildLinks(\SimpleXMLElement $resource, ?array $values = null): void
     {
         if (!$values) {
             return;
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php b/src/Metadata/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php
index b87852b2fcd..c2eaa83d8c1 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php
@@ -147,12 +147,12 @@ public function getFoo(): ?array
         return $this->foo;
     }
 
-    public function setFoo(array $foo = null): void
+    public function setFoo(?array $foo = null): void
     {
         $this->foo = $foo;
     }
 
-    public function setDummyDate(\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
+    public function setDummyDate(?\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
     {
         $this->dummyDate = $dummyDate;
     }
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Tests/Resource/Factory/LinkFactoryTest.php b/src/Metadata/Tests/Resource/Factory/LinkFactoryTest.php
index ac7136f6062..499db9e4104 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Tests/Resource/Factory/LinkFactoryTest.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Tests/Resource/Factory/LinkFactoryTest.php
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ final class LinkFactoryTest extends TestCase
     /**
      * @dataProvider provideCreateLinksFromIdentifiersCases
      */
-    public function testCreateLinksFromIdentifiers(array $propertyNames, bool $compositeIdentifier, array $expectedLinks, bool $idAsIdentifier = null): void
+    public function testCreateLinksFromIdentifiers(array $propertyNames, bool $compositeIdentifier, array $expectedLinks, ?bool $idAsIdentifier = null): void
     {
         $propertyNameCollectionFactoryProphecy = $this->prophesize(PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface::class);
         $propertyNameCollectionFactoryProphecy->create(Argument::cetera())->willReturn(new PropertyNameCollection($propertyNames));
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Util/AttributeFilterExtractorTrait.php b/src/Metadata/Util/AttributeFilterExtractorTrait.php
index 44871a32989..70bf390fb0a 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Util/AttributeFilterExtractorTrait.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Util/AttributeFilterExtractorTrait.php
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ private function getFilterAttributes(\ReflectionClass|\ReflectionProperty $refle
     /**
      * Given a filter attribute and reflection elements, find out the properties where the filter is applied.
      */
-    private function getFilterProperties(ApiFilter $filterAttribute, \ReflectionClass $reflectionClass, \ReflectionProperty $reflectionProperty = null): array
+    private function getFilterProperties(ApiFilter $filterAttribute, \ReflectionClass $reflectionClass, ?\ReflectionProperty $reflectionProperty = null): array
     {
         $properties = [];
 
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ private function readFilterAttributes(\ReflectionClass $reflectionClass): array
      * @param string           $filterClass     the filter class
      * @param string|null      $filterId        the filter id
      */
-    private function generateFilterId(\ReflectionClass $reflectionClass, string $filterClass, string $filterId = null): string
+    private function generateFilterId(\ReflectionClass $reflectionClass, string $filterClass, ?string $filterId = null): string
     {
         $suffix = null !== $filterId ? '_'.$filterId : $filterId;
 
diff --git a/src/Metadata/Util/CamelCaseToSnakeCaseNameConverter.php b/src/Metadata/Util/CamelCaseToSnakeCaseNameConverter.php
index 4153eac434b..2135d8a588f 100644
--- a/src/Metadata/Util/CamelCaseToSnakeCaseNameConverter.php
+++ b/src/Metadata/Util/CamelCaseToSnakeCaseNameConverter.php
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class CamelCaseToSnakeCaseNameConverter
      * @param array|null $attributes     The list of attributes to rename or null for all attributes
      * @param bool       $lowerCamelCase Use lowerCamelCase style
      */
-    public function __construct(array $attributes = null, bool $lowerCamelCase = true)
+    public function __construct(?array $attributes = null, bool $lowerCamelCase = true)
     {
         $this->attributes = $attributes;
         $this->lowerCamelCase = $lowerCamelCase;
diff --git a/src/OpenApi/Factory/OpenApiFactory.php b/src/OpenApi/Factory/OpenApiFactory.php
index 6f18de73814..89548f43574 100644
--- a/src/OpenApi/Factory/OpenApiFactory.php
+++ b/src/OpenApi/Factory/OpenApiFactory.php
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ final class OpenApiFactory implements OpenApiFactoryInterface
      */
     public const OPENAPI_DEFINITION_NAME = 'openapi_definition_name';
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly ResourceNameCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceNameCollectionFactory, private readonly ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory, private readonly PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, private readonly PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, private readonly SchemaFactoryInterface $jsonSchemaFactory, private readonly TypeFactoryInterface $jsonSchemaTypeFactory, ContainerInterface $filterLocator, private readonly array $formats = [], Options $openApiOptions = null, PaginationOptions $paginationOptions = null, private readonly ?RouterInterface $router = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly ResourceNameCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceNameCollectionFactory, private readonly ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory, private readonly PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, private readonly PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, private readonly SchemaFactoryInterface $jsonSchemaFactory, private readonly TypeFactoryInterface $jsonSchemaTypeFactory, ContainerInterface $filterLocator, private readonly array $formats = [], ?Options $openApiOptions = null, ?PaginationOptions $paginationOptions = null, private readonly ?RouterInterface $router = null)
     {
         $this->filterLocator = $filterLocator;
         $this->openApiOptions = $openApiOptions ?: new Options('API Platform');
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ private function collectPaths(ApiResource $resource, ResourceMetadataCollection
         }
     }
 
-    private function buildOpenApiResponse(array $existingResponses, int|string $status, string $description, Model\Operation $openapiOperation = null, HttpOperation $operation = null, array $responseMimeTypes = null, array $operationOutputSchemas = null, ResourceMetadataCollection $resourceMetadataCollection = null): Model\Operation
+    private function buildOpenApiResponse(array $existingResponses, int|string $status, string $description, ?Model\Operation $openapiOperation = null, ?HttpOperation $operation = null, ?array $responseMimeTypes = null, ?array $operationOutputSchemas = null, ?ResourceMetadataCollection $resourceMetadataCollection = null): Model\Operation
     {
         if (isset($existingResponses[$status])) {
             return $openapiOperation;
diff --git a/src/OpenApi/Model/Components.php b/src/OpenApi/Model/Components.php
index 8500575afe2..cc420cf1f3e 100644
--- a/src/OpenApi/Model/Components.php
+++ b/src/OpenApi/Model/Components.php
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ final class Components
      * @param \ArrayObject<string, array<string, PathItem>>|\ArrayObject<string, array<string, Reference>> $callbacks
      * @param \ArrayObject<string, PathItem>|\ArrayObject<string, Reference>                               $pathItems
      */
-    public function __construct(\ArrayObject $schemas = null, private ?\ArrayObject $responses = null, private ?\ArrayObject $parameters = null, private ?\ArrayObject $examples = null, private ?\ArrayObject $requestBodies = null, private ?\ArrayObject $headers = null, private ?\ArrayObject $securitySchemes = null, private ?\ArrayObject $links = null, private ?\ArrayObject $callbacks = null, private ?\ArrayObject $pathItems = null)
+    public function __construct(?\ArrayObject $schemas = null, private ?\ArrayObject $responses = null, private ?\ArrayObject $parameters = null, private ?\ArrayObject $examples = null, private ?\ArrayObject $requestBodies = null, private ?\ArrayObject $headers = null, private ?\ArrayObject $securitySchemes = null, private ?\ArrayObject $links = null, private ?\ArrayObject $callbacks = null, private ?\ArrayObject $pathItems = null)
     {
         $schemas?->ksort();
 
diff --git a/src/OpenApi/Model/Operation.php b/src/OpenApi/Model/Operation.php
index 22de521fbd7..db2aac878be 100644
--- a/src/OpenApi/Model/Operation.php
+++ b/src/OpenApi/Model/Operation.php
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ public function withParameter(Parameter $parameter): self
         return $clone;
     }
 
-    public function withRequestBody(RequestBody $requestBody = null): self
+    public function withRequestBody(?RequestBody $requestBody = null): self
     {
         $clone = clone $this;
         $clone->requestBody = $requestBody;
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ public function withDeprecated(bool $deprecated): self
         return $clone;
     }
 
-    public function withSecurity(array $security = null): self
+    public function withSecurity(?array $security = null): self
     {
         $clone = clone $this;
         $clone->security = $security;
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ public function withSecurity(array $security = null): self
         return $clone;
     }
 
-    public function withServers(array $servers = null): self
+    public function withServers(?array $servers = null): self
     {
         $clone = clone $this;
         $clone->servers = $servers;
diff --git a/src/OpenApi/Model/PathItem.php b/src/OpenApi/Model/PathItem.php
index 5a101bcf3a7..42a6d883e3f 100644
--- a/src/OpenApi/Model/PathItem.php
+++ b/src/OpenApi/Model/PathItem.php
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ public function withTrace(Operation $trace): self
         return $clone;
     }
 
-    public function withServers(array $servers = null): self
+    public function withServers(?array $servers = null): self
     {
         $clone = clone $this;
         $clone->servers = $servers;
diff --git a/src/OpenApi/Serializer/ApiGatewayNormalizer.php b/src/OpenApi/Serializer/ApiGatewayNormalizer.php
index 78b84c63ce1..66e36e4bf1c 100644
--- a/src/OpenApi/Serializer/ApiGatewayNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/OpenApi/Serializer/ApiGatewayNormalizer.php
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly NormalizerInterface $documentationN
      *
      * @throws UnexpectedValueException
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         $data = $this->documentationNormalizer->normalize($object, $format, $context);
         if (!\is_array($data)) {
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return $this->documentationNormalizer->supportsNormalization($data, $format);
     }
diff --git a/src/OpenApi/Serializer/LegacyOpenApiNormalizer.php b/src/OpenApi/Serializer/LegacyOpenApiNormalizer.php
index 16a6b730e0e..64d7f166f97 100644
--- a/src/OpenApi/Serializer/LegacyOpenApiNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/OpenApi/Serializer/LegacyOpenApiNormalizer.php
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly NormalizerInterface $decorated, $de
         $this->defaultContext = array_merge($this->defaultContext, $defaultContext);
     }
 
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         $openapi = $this->decorated->normalize($object, $format, $context);
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return $this->decorated->supportsNormalization($data, $format, $context);
     }
diff --git a/src/OpenApi/Serializer/OpenApiNormalizer.php b/src/OpenApi/Serializer/OpenApiNormalizer.php
index a11fcb6e5dc..b2d179450a9 100644
--- a/src/OpenApi/Serializer/OpenApiNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/OpenApi/Serializer/OpenApiNormalizer.php
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly NormalizerInterface $decorated)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         $pathsCallback = static fn ($decoratedObject): array => $decoratedObject instanceof Paths ? $decoratedObject->getPaths() : [];
         $context[AbstractObjectNormalizer::PRESERVE_EMPTY_OBJECTS] = true;
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ private function recursiveClean(array $data): array
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return (self::FORMAT === $format || self::JSON_FORMAT === $format || self::YAML_FORMAT === $format) && $data instanceof OpenApi;
     }
diff --git a/src/OpenApi/Tests/Fixtures/Dummy.php b/src/OpenApi/Tests/Fixtures/Dummy.php
index c8a0349a2fa..f6d73d7556d 100644
--- a/src/OpenApi/Tests/Fixtures/Dummy.php
+++ b/src/OpenApi/Tests/Fixtures/Dummy.php
@@ -156,12 +156,12 @@ public function getFoo(): ?array
         return $this->foo;
     }
 
-    public function setFoo(array $foo = null): void
+    public function setFoo(?array $foo = null): void
     {
         $this->foo = $foo;
     }
 
-    public function setDummyDate(\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
+    public function setDummyDate(?\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
     {
         $this->dummyDate = $dummyDate;
     }
diff --git a/src/Problem/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php b/src/Problem/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php
index 86ad62875c4..a23f4255e7e 100644
--- a/src/Problem/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Problem/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ final class ConstraintViolationListNormalizer extends AbstractConstraintViolatio
         self::TITLE => 'An error occurred',
     ];
 
-    public function __construct(array $serializePayloadFields = null, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, array $defaultContext = [])
+    public function __construct(?array $serializePayloadFields = null, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, array $defaultContext = [])
     {
         parent::__construct($serializePayloadFields, $nameConverter);
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public function __construct(array $serializePayloadFields = null, NameConverterI
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         [$messages, $violations] = $this->getMessagesAndViolations($object);
 
diff --git a/src/Problem/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php b/src/Problem/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php
index 7f68e3b8042..d62b32e64fb 100644
--- a/src/Problem/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Problem/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly bool $debug = false, array $default
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         $data = [
             'type' => $context[self::TYPE] ?? $this->defaultContext[self::TYPE],
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         if ($context['api_error_resource'] ?? false) {
             return false;
diff --git a/src/RamseyUuid/Serializer/UuidDenormalizer.php b/src/RamseyUuid/Serializer/UuidDenormalizer.php
index 5f9f5d7c3b9..2cb8b0b3050 100644
--- a/src/RamseyUuid/Serializer/UuidDenormalizer.php
+++ b/src/RamseyUuid/Serializer/UuidDenormalizer.php
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ final class UuidDenormalizer implements DenormalizerInterface
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $type, string $format = null, array $context = []): UuidInterface
+    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $type, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): UuidInterface
     {
         try {
             return Uuid::fromString($data);
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $type, string $format = null, ar
         }
     }
 
-    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return \is_string($data) && is_a($type, UuidInterface::class, true);
     }
diff --git a/src/Serializer/AbstractCollectionNormalizer.php b/src/Serializer/AbstractCollectionNormalizer.php
index f45c1328267..96d2eb06c7f 100644
--- a/src/Serializer/AbstractCollectionNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Serializer/AbstractCollectionNormalizer.php
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public function __construct(protected ResourceClassResolverInterface|LegacyResou
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return static::FORMAT === $format && is_iterable($data);
     }
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public function getSupportedTypes(?string $format): array
      *
      * @param iterable $object
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         if (!isset($context['resource_class']) || isset($context['api_sub_level'])) {
             return $this->normalizeRawCollection($object, $format, $context);
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * Normalizes a raw collection (not API resources).
      */
-    protected function normalizeRawCollection(iterable $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|\ArrayObject
+    protected function normalizeRawCollection(iterable $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|\ArrayObject
     {
         if (!$object && ($context[Serializer::EMPTY_ARRAY_AS_OBJECT] ?? false) && \is_array($object)) {
             return new \ArrayObject();
@@ -166,5 +166,5 @@ abstract protected function getPaginationData(iterable $object, array $context =
     /**
      * Gets items data.
      */
-    abstract protected function getItemsData(iterable $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array;
+    abstract protected function getItemsData(iterable $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array;
 }
diff --git a/src/Serializer/AbstractConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php b/src/Serializer/AbstractConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php
index 45eca2ef9bd..edded9d7c48 100644
--- a/src/Serializer/AbstractConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Serializer/AbstractConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ abstract class AbstractConstraintViolationListNormalizer implements NormalizerIn
 
     private readonly ?array $serializePayloadFields;
 
-    public function __construct(array $serializePayloadFields = null, private readonly ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
+    public function __construct(?array $serializePayloadFields = null, private readonly ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
     {
         $this->serializePayloadFields = null === $serializePayloadFields ? null : array_flip($serializePayloadFields);
     }
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public function __construct(array $serializePayloadFields = null, private readon
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return static::FORMAT === $format && $data instanceof ConstraintViolationListInterface;
     }
diff --git a/src/Serializer/AbstractItemNormalizer.php b/src/Serializer/AbstractItemNormalizer.php
index 53ba64f31b2..b74a97a78ad 100644
--- a/src/Serializer/AbstractItemNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Serializer/AbstractItemNormalizer.php
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ abstract class AbstractItemNormalizer extends AbstractObjectNormalizer
     protected array $localCache = [];
     protected array $localFactoryOptionsCache = [];
 
-    public function __construct(protected PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, protected PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, protected LegacyIriConverterInterface|IriConverterInterface $iriConverter, protected LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface|ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, ClassMetadataFactoryInterface $classMetadataFactory = null, array $defaultContext = [], ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, protected ?ResourceAccessCheckerInterface $resourceAccessChecker = null)
+    public function __construct(protected PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, protected PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, protected LegacyIriConverterInterface|IriConverterInterface $iriConverter, protected LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface|ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, ?PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, ?ClassMetadataFactoryInterface $classMetadataFactory = null, array $defaultContext = [], ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, protected ?ResourceAccessCheckerInterface $resourceAccessChecker = null)
     {
         if (!isset($defaultContext['circular_reference_handler'])) {
             $defaultContext['circular_reference_handler'] = fn ($object): ?string => $this->iriConverter->getIriFromResource($object);
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ public function __construct(protected PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $pr
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         if (!\is_object($data) || is_iterable($data)) {
             return false;
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public function hasCacheableSupportsMethod(): bool
      *
      * @throws LogicException
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         $resourceClass = $context['force_resource_class'] ?? $this->getObjectClass($object);
         if ($outputClass = $this->getOutputClass($context)) {
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         if (($context['input']['class'] ?? null) === $type) {
             return true;
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ public function supportsDenormalization(mixed $data, string $type, string $forma
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $class, string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
+    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $class, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
     {
         $resourceClass = $class;
 
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $class, string $format = null, a
      *
      * @internal
      */
-    protected function instantiateObject(array &$data, string $class, array &$context, \ReflectionClass $reflectionClass, array|bool $allowedAttributes, string $format = null): object
+    protected function instantiateObject(array &$data, string $class, array &$context, \ReflectionClass $reflectionClass, array|bool $allowedAttributes, ?string $format = null): object
     {
         if (null !== $object = $this->extractObjectToPopulate($class, $context, static::OBJECT_TO_POPULATE)) {
             unset($context[static::OBJECT_TO_POPULATE]);
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ protected function getClassDiscriminatorResolvedClass(array $data, string $class
         return $mappedClass;
     }
 
-    protected function createConstructorArgument($parameterData, string $key, \ReflectionParameter $constructorParameter, array &$context, string $format = null): mixed
+    protected function createConstructorArgument($parameterData, string $key, \ReflectionParameter $constructorParameter, array &$context, ?string $format = null): mixed
     {
         return $this->createAndValidateAttributeValue($constructorParameter->name, $parameterData, $format, $context);
     }
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ protected function getAllowedAttributes(string|object $classOrObject, array $con
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function isAllowedAttribute(object|string $classOrObject, string $attribute, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    protected function isAllowedAttribute(object|string $classOrObject, string $attribute, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         if (!parent::isAllowedAttribute($classOrObject, $attribute, $format, $context)) {
             return false;
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ protected function canAccessAttributePostDenormalize(?object $object, ?object $p
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    protected function setAttributeValue(object $object, string $attribute, mixed $value, string $format = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function setAttributeValue(object $object, string $attribute, mixed $value, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         try {
             $this->setValue($object, $attribute, $this->createAttributeValue($attribute, $value, $format, $context));
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ protected function setAttributeValue(object $object, string $attribute, mixed $v
      *
      * @throws NotNormalizableValueException
      */
-    protected function validateType(string $attribute, Type $type, mixed $value, string $format = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function validateType(string $attribute, Type $type, mixed $value, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         $builtinType = $type->getBuiltinType();
         if (Type::BUILTIN_TYPE_FLOAT === $builtinType && null !== $format && str_contains($format, 'json')) {
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ protected function getFactoryOptions(array $context): array
      *
      * @throws UnexpectedValueException
      */
-    protected function getAttributeValue(object $object, string $attribute, string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
+    protected function getAttributeValue(object $object, string $attribute, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
     {
         $context['api_attribute'] = $attribute;
         $propertyMetadata = $this->propertyMetadataFactory->create($context['resource_class'], $attribute, $this->getFactoryOptions($context));
@@ -804,7 +804,7 @@ protected function normalizeRelation(ApiProperty $propertyMetadata, ?object $rel
         return $iri;
     }
 
-    private function createAttributeValue(string $attribute, mixed $value, string $format = null, array &$context = []): mixed
+    private function createAttributeValue(string $attribute, mixed $value, ?string $format = null, array &$context = []): mixed
     {
         try {
             return $this->createAndValidateAttributeValue($attribute, $value, $format, $context);
@@ -818,7 +818,7 @@ private function createAttributeValue(string $attribute, mixed $value, string $f
         }
     }
 
-    private function createAndValidateAttributeValue(string $attribute, mixed $value, string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
+    private function createAndValidateAttributeValue(string $attribute, mixed $value, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
     {
         $propertyMetadata = $this->propertyMetadataFactory->create($context['resource_class'], $attribute, $this->getFactoryOptions($context));
         $types = $propertyMetadata->getBuiltinTypes() ?? [];
diff --git a/src/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php b/src/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php
index 567e89437f9..d6c2e7907af 100644
--- a/src/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Serializer/ConstraintViolationListNormalizer.php
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ final class ConstraintViolationListNormalizer extends AbstractConstraintViolatio
 {
     public const FORMAT = 'json';
 
-    public function __construct(array $serializePayloadFields = null, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
+    public function __construct(?array $serializePayloadFields = null, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($serializePayloadFields, $nameConverter);
     }
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public function __construct(array $serializePayloadFields = null, NameConverterI
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         [$messages, $violations] = $this->getMessagesAndViolations($object);
 
diff --git a/src/Serializer/Filter/PropertyFilter.php b/src/Serializer/Filter/PropertyFilter.php
index d9291757c75..85a5085f874 100644
--- a/src/Serializer/Filter/PropertyFilter.php
+++ b/src/Serializer/Filter/PropertyFilter.php
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ final class PropertyFilter implements FilterInterface
 {
     private ?array $whitelist;
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly string $parameterName = 'properties', private readonly bool $overrideDefaultProperties = false, array $whitelist = null, private readonly ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly string $parameterName = 'properties', private readonly bool $overrideDefaultProperties = false, ?array $whitelist = null, private readonly ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null)
     {
         $this->whitelist = null === $whitelist ? null : $this->formatWhitelist($whitelist);
     }
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ private function formatWhitelist(array $whitelist): array
         return $whitelist;
     }
 
-    private function getProperties(array $properties, array $whitelist = null): array
+    private function getProperties(array $properties, ?array $whitelist = null): array
     {
         $whitelist ??= $this->whitelist;
         $result = [];
diff --git a/src/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php b/src/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
index c5b971f7c0b..c532127fc10 100644
--- a/src/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Serializer/ItemNormalizer.php
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class ItemNormalizer extends AbstractItemNormalizer
 {
     private readonly LoggerInterface $logger;
 
-    public function __construct(PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, IriConverterInterface $iriConverter, ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null, NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, ClassMetadataFactoryInterface $classMetadataFactory = null, LoggerInterface $logger = null, ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory = null, ResourceAccessCheckerInterface $resourceAccessChecker = null, array $defaultContext = [])
+    public function __construct(PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyNameCollectionFactory, PropertyMetadataFactoryInterface $propertyMetadataFactory, IriConverterInterface $iriConverter, ResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, ?PropertyAccessorInterface $propertyAccessor = null, ?NameConverterInterface $nameConverter = null, ?ClassMetadataFactoryInterface $classMetadataFactory = null, ?LoggerInterface $logger = null, ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory = null, ?ResourceAccessCheckerInterface $resourceAccessChecker = null, array $defaultContext = [])
     {
         parent::__construct($propertyNameCollectionFactory, $propertyMetadataFactory, $iriConverter, $resourceClassResolver, $propertyAccessor, $nameConverter, $classMetadataFactory, $defaultContext, $resourceMetadataFactory, $resourceAccessChecker);
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public function __construct(PropertyNameCollectionFactoryInterface $propertyName
      *
      * @throws NotNormalizableValueException
      */
-    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $class, string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
+    public function denormalize(mixed $data, string $class, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): mixed
     {
         // Avoid issues with proxies if we populated the object
         if (isset($data['id']) && !isset($context[self::OBJECT_TO_POPULATE])) {
diff --git a/src/Serializer/OperationContextTrait.php b/src/Serializer/OperationContextTrait.php
index c0d188a7004..ff96945c183 100644
--- a/src/Serializer/OperationContextTrait.php
+++ b/src/Serializer/OperationContextTrait.php
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ trait OperationContextTrait
      * This context is created when working on a relation context or items of a collection. It cleans the previously given
      * context as the operation changes.
      */
-    protected function createOperationContext(array $context, string $resourceClass = null): array
+    protected function createOperationContext(array $context, ?string $resourceClass = null): array
     {
         if (isset($context['operation']) && !isset($context['root_operation'])) {
             $context['root_operation'] = $context['operation'];
diff --git a/src/Serializer/SerializerContextBuilder.php b/src/Serializer/SerializerContextBuilder.php
index 19c2c9c75f1..ee17ba56090 100644
--- a/src/Serializer/SerializerContextBuilder.php
+++ b/src/Serializer/SerializerContextBuilder.php
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryI
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function createFromRequest(Request $request, bool $normalization, array $attributes = null): array
+    public function createFromRequest(Request $request, bool $normalization, ?array $attributes = null): array
     {
         if (null === $attributes && !$attributes = RequestAttributesExtractor::extractAttributes($request)) {
             throw new RuntimeException('Request attributes are not valid.');
diff --git a/src/Serializer/SerializerContextBuilderInterface.php b/src/Serializer/SerializerContextBuilderInterface.php
index 96ac637defa..ba6eb4707f4 100644
--- a/src/Serializer/SerializerContextBuilderInterface.php
+++ b/src/Serializer/SerializerContextBuilderInterface.php
@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@ interface SerializerContextBuilderInterface
      *
      * @throws RuntimeException
      */
-    public function createFromRequest(Request $request, bool $normalization, array $extractedAttributes = null): array;
+    public function createFromRequest(Request $request, bool $normalization, ?array $extractedAttributes = null): array;
 }
diff --git a/src/Serializer/SerializerFilterContextBuilder.php b/src/Serializer/SerializerFilterContextBuilder.php
index cf80894b459..7e5a7199800 100644
--- a/src/Serializer/SerializerFilterContextBuilder.php
+++ b/src/Serializer/SerializerFilterContextBuilder.php
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryIn
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function createFromRequest(Request $request, bool $normalization, array $attributes = null): array
+    public function createFromRequest(Request $request, bool $normalization, ?array $attributes = null): array
     {
         if (null === $attributes && !$attributes = RequestAttributesExtractor::extractAttributes($request)) {
             throw new RuntimeException('Request attributes are not valid.');
diff --git a/src/Serializer/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php b/src/Serializer/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php
index 748d9338578..ea62a525bae 100644
--- a/src/Serializer/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php
+++ b/src/Serializer/Tests/Fixtures/ApiResource/Dummy.php
@@ -158,12 +158,12 @@ public function getFoo(): ?array
         return $this->foo;
     }
 
-    public function setFoo(array $foo = null): void
+    public function setFoo(?array $foo = null): void
     {
         $this->foo = $foo;
     }
 
-    public function setDummyDate(\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
+    public function setDummyDate(?\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
     {
         $this->dummyDate = $dummyDate;
     }
diff --git a/src/Serializer/Tests/SerializerFilterContextBuilderTest.php b/src/Serializer/Tests/SerializerFilterContextBuilderTest.php
index 1631f21c0b8..a06b8ce34f7 100644
--- a/src/Serializer/Tests/SerializerFilterContextBuilderTest.php
+++ b/src/Serializer/Tests/SerializerFilterContextBuilderTest.php
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ public function testCreateFromRequestThrowsExceptionWithoutAttributesAndRequestA
         $serializerContextBuilderFilter->createFromRequest($request, true);
     }
 
-    private function getMetadataWithFilter(string $class, array $filters = null): ResourceMetadataCollection
+    private function getMetadataWithFilter(string $class, ?array $filters = null): ResourceMetadataCollection
     {
         return new ResourceMetadataCollection($class, [
             new ApiResource(operations: [
diff --git a/src/State/ApiResource/Error.php b/src/State/ApiResource/Error.php
index d606fc72fb2..3141026c0d2 100644
--- a/src/State/ApiResource/Error.php
+++ b/src/State/ApiResource/Error.php
@@ -69,11 +69,11 @@ public function __construct(
         private string $title,
         private string $detail,
         #[ApiProperty(identifier: true)] private int $status,
-        array $originalTrace = null,
+        ?array $originalTrace = null,
         private ?string $instance = null,
         private string $type = 'about:blank',
         private array $headers = [],
-        \Throwable $previous = null
+        ?\Throwable $previous = null
     ) {
         parent::__construct($title, $status, $previous);
 
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public function getTitle(): ?string
         return $this->title;
     }
 
-    public function setTitle(string $title = null): void
+    public function setTitle(?string $title = null): void
     {
         $this->title = $title;
     }
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ public function getDetail(): ?string
         return $this->detail;
     }
 
-    public function setDetail(string $detail = null): void
+    public function setDetail(?string $detail = null): void
     {
         $this->detail = $detail;
     }
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ public function getInstance(): ?string
         return $this->instance;
     }
 
-    public function setInstance(string $instance = null): void
+    public function setInstance(?string $instance = null): void
     {
         $this->instance = $instance;
     }
diff --git a/src/State/Pagination/Pagination.php b/src/State/Pagination/Pagination.php
index e680a474db6..28c21a60c90 100644
--- a/src/State/Pagination/Pagination.php
+++ b/src/State/Pagination/Pagination.php
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public function getPage(array $context = []): int
     /**
      * Gets the current offset.
      */
-    public function getOffset(Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): int
+    public function getOffset(?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): int
     {
         $graphql = (bool) ($context['graphql_operation_name'] ?? false);
 
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public function getOffset(Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): int
      *
      * @throws InvalidArgumentException
      */
-    public function getLimit(Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): int
+    public function getLimit(?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): int
     {
         $graphql = (bool) ($context['graphql_operation_name'] ?? false);
 
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public function getLimit(Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): int
      *
      * @throws InvalidArgumentException
      */
-    public function getPagination(Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array
+    public function getPagination(?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): array
     {
         $page = $this->getPage($context);
         $limit = $this->getLimit($operation, $context);
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ public function getPagination(Operation $operation = null, array $context = []):
     /**
      * Is the pagination enabled?
      */
-    public function isEnabled(Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function isEnabled(?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return $this->getEnabled($context, $operation);
     }
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ public function isEnabled(Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): boo
     /**
      * Is the pagination enabled for GraphQL?
      */
-    public function isGraphQlEnabled(Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function isGraphQlEnabled(?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return $this->getGraphQlEnabled($operation);
     }
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ public function isGraphQlEnabled(Operation $operation = null, array $context = [
     /**
      * Is the partial pagination enabled?
      */
-    public function isPartialEnabled(Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function isPartialEnabled(?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return $this->getEnabled($context, $operation, true);
     }
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ public function getGraphQlPaginationType(Operation $operation): string
     /**
      * Is the classic or partial pagination enabled?
      */
-    private function getEnabled(array $context, Operation $operation = null, bool $partial = false): bool
+    private function getEnabled(array $context, ?Operation $operation = null, bool $partial = false): bool
     {
         $enabled = $this->options[$partial ? 'partial' : 'enabled'];
         $clientEnabled = $this->options[$partial ? 'client_partial' : 'client_enabled'];
diff --git a/src/State/Provider/ContentNegotiationProvider.php b/src/State/Provider/ContentNegotiationProvider.php
index 05da2a02b65..a6baf0eea9d 100644
--- a/src/State/Provider/ContentNegotiationProvider.php
+++ b/src/State/Provider/ContentNegotiationProvider.php
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ final class ContentNegotiationProvider implements ProviderInterface
      * @param array<string, string[]> $formats
      * @param array<string, string[]> $errorFormats
      */
-    public function __construct(private readonly ProviderInterface $decorated, Negotiator $negotiator = null, private readonly array $formats = [], private readonly array $errorFormats = [])
+    public function __construct(private readonly ProviderInterface $decorated, ?Negotiator $negotiator = null, private readonly array $formats = [], private readonly array $errorFormats = [])
     {
         $this->negotiator = $negotiator ?? new Negotiator();
     }
diff --git a/src/State/UriVariablesResolverTrait.php b/src/State/UriVariablesResolverTrait.php
index b67695b92a9..ffabb6d7154 100644
--- a/src/State/UriVariablesResolverTrait.php
+++ b/src/State/UriVariablesResolverTrait.php
@@ -21,12 +21,12 @@
 
 trait UriVariablesResolverTrait
 {
-    private null|LegacyUriVariablesConverterInterface|UriVariablesConverterInterface $uriVariablesConverter = null;
+    private LegacyUriVariablesConverterInterface|UriVariablesConverterInterface|null $uriVariablesConverter = null;
 
     /**
      * Resolves an operation's UriVariables to their identifiers values.
      */
-    private function getOperationUriVariables(HttpOperation $operation = null, array $parameters = [], string $resourceClass = null): array
+    private function getOperationUriVariables(?HttpOperation $operation = null, array $parameters = [], ?string $resourceClass = null): array
     {
         $identifiers = [];
 
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Bundle/CacheWarmer/CachePoolClearerCacheWarmer.php b/src/Symfony/Bundle/CacheWarmer/CachePoolClearerCacheWarmer.php
index 4dba3c714f5..cf18f736010 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Bundle/CacheWarmer/CachePoolClearerCacheWarmer.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Bundle/CacheWarmer/CachePoolClearerCacheWarmer.php
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly Psr6CacheClearer $poolClearer, priv
      *
      * @return string[]
      */
-    public function warmUp(string $cacheDir, string $buildDir = null): array
+    public function warmUp(string $cacheDir, ?string $buildDir = null): array
     {
         foreach ($this->pools as $pool) {
             if ($this->poolClearer->hasPool($pool)) {
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Bundle/DataCollector/RequestDataCollector.php b/src/Symfony/Bundle/DataCollector/RequestDataCollector.php
index 38386ddb2a1..cd347421171 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Bundle/DataCollector/RequestDataCollector.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Bundle/DataCollector/RequestDataCollector.php
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryIn
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function collect(Request $request, Response $response, \Throwable $exception = null): void
+    public function collect(Request $request, Response $response, ?\Throwable $exception = null): void
     {
         if ($request->attributes->get('_graphql', false)) {
             $resourceClasses = array_keys($request->attributes->get('_graphql_args', []));
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Bundle/Test/ApiTestAssertionsTrait.php b/src/Symfony/Bundle/Test/ApiTestAssertionsTrait.php
index 715ab6d99ef..5c3c0f2437b 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Bundle/Test/ApiTestAssertionsTrait.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Bundle/Test/ApiTestAssertionsTrait.php
@@ -102,14 +102,14 @@ public static function assertArraySubset(iterable $subset, iterable $array, bool
         static::assertThat($array, $constraint, $message);
     }
 
-    public static function assertMatchesJsonSchema(object|array|string $jsonSchema, int $checkMode = null, string $message = ''): void
+    public static function assertMatchesJsonSchema(object|array|string $jsonSchema, ?int $checkMode = null, string $message = ''): void
     {
         $constraint = new MatchesJsonSchema($jsonSchema, $checkMode);
 
         static::assertThat(self::getHttpResponse()->toArray(false), $constraint, $message);
     }
 
-    public static function assertMatchesResourceCollectionJsonSchema(string $resourceClass, string $operationName = null, string $format = 'jsonld', array $serializationContext = null): void
+    public static function assertMatchesResourceCollectionJsonSchema(string $resourceClass, ?string $operationName = null, string $format = 'jsonld', ?array $serializationContext = null): void
     {
         $schemaFactory = self::getSchemaFactory();
 
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ public static function assertMatchesResourceCollectionJsonSchema(string $resourc
         static::assertMatchesJsonSchema($schema->getArrayCopy());
     }
 
-    public static function assertMatchesResourceItemJsonSchema(string $resourceClass, string $operationName = null, string $format = 'jsonld', array $serializationContext = null): void
+    public static function assertMatchesResourceItemJsonSchema(string $resourceClass, ?string $operationName = null, string $format = 'jsonld', ?array $serializationContext = null): void
     {
         $schemaFactory = self::getSchemaFactory();
 
@@ -142,12 +142,12 @@ public static function assertMatchesResourceItemJsonSchema(string $resourceClass
     /**
      * @return Update[]
      */
-    public static function getMercureMessages(string $hubName = null): array
+    public static function getMercureMessages(?string $hubName = null): array
     {
         return array_map(fn (array $update) => $update['object'], self::getMercureHub($hubName)->getMessages());
     }
 
-    public static function getMercureMessage(int $index = 0, string $hubName = null): ?Update
+    public static function getMercureMessage(int $index = 0, ?string $hubName = null): ?Update
     {
         return static::getMercureMessages($hubName)[$index] ?? null;
     }
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ public static function getMercureMessage(int $index = 0, string $hubName = null)
     /**
      * @throws \JsonException
      */
-    public static function assertMercureUpdateMatchesJsonSchema(Update $update, array $topics, array|object|string $jsonSchema = '', bool $private = false, string $id = null, string $type = null, int $retry = null, string $message = ''): void
+    public static function assertMercureUpdateMatchesJsonSchema(Update $update, array $topics, array|object|string $jsonSchema = '', bool $private = false, ?string $id = null, ?string $type = null, ?int $retry = null, string $message = ''): void
     {
         static::assertSame($topics, $update->getTopics(), $message);
         static::assertThat(json_decode($update->getData(), true, \JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR), new MatchesJsonSchema($jsonSchema), $message);
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ public static function getMercureRegistry(): HubRegistry
         static::fail('A client must have Mercure enabled to make update assertions. Did you forget to require symfony/mercure?');
     }
 
-    public static function getMercureHub(string $name = null): TraceableHub
+    public static function getMercureHub(?string $name = null): TraceableHub
     {
         $hub = self::getMercureRegistry()->getHub($name);
         if (!$hub instanceof TraceableHub) {
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ public static function getMercureHub(string $name = null): TraceableHub
         return $hub;
     }
 
-    private static function getHttpClient(Client $newClient = null): ?Client
+    private static function getHttpClient(?Client $newClient = null): ?Client
     {
         static $client;
 
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Bundle/Test/Client.php b/src/Symfony/Bundle/Test/Client.php
index dc77d3304ff..fb7d56cb431 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Bundle/Test/Client.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Bundle/Test/Client.php
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ public function request(string $method, string $url, array $options = []): Respo
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function stream(ResponseInterface|iterable $responses, float $timeout = null): ResponseStreamInterface
+    public function stream(ResponseInterface|iterable $responses, ?float $timeout = null): ResponseStreamInterface
     {
         throw new \LogicException('Not implemented yet');
     }
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Bundle/Test/Response.php b/src/Symfony/Bundle/Test/Response.php
index 966b7ece4d2..29ca0647ff0 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Bundle/Test/Response.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Bundle/Test/Response.php
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly HttpFoundationResponse $httpFoundat
         ] + $info;
     }
 
-    public function getInfo(string $type = null): mixed
+    public function getInfo(?string $type = null): mixed
     {
         if ($type) {
             return $this->info[$type] ?? null;
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Controller/MainController.php b/src/Symfony/Controller/MainController.php
index d9363848476..b75d549b2db 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Controller/MainController.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Controller/MainController.php
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public function __construct(
         ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory,
         private readonly ProviderInterface $provider,
         private readonly ProcessorInterface $processor,
-        UriVariablesConverterInterface $uriVariablesConverter = null,
+        ?UriVariablesConverterInterface $uriVariablesConverter = null,
         private readonly ?LoggerInterface $logger = null
     ) {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
diff --git a/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddFormatListener.php b/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddFormatListener.php
index 8ec2041e244..a2a319ef8ad 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddFormatListener.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddFormatListener.php
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ final class AddFormatListener
 {
     use OperationRequestInitiatorTrait;
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly Negotiator $negotiator, ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, private readonly array $formats = [], private readonly array $errorFormats = [], private readonly array $docsFormats = [], private readonly ?bool $eventsBackwardCompatibility = null) // @phpstan-ignore-line
+    public function __construct(private readonly Negotiator $negotiator, ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, private readonly array $formats = [], private readonly array $errorFormats = [], private readonly array $docsFormats = [], private readonly ?bool $eventsBackwardCompatibility = null) // @phpstan-ignore-line
     {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
     }
diff --git a/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddHeadersListener.php b/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddHeadersListener.php
index 02663db3146..73ac0d2b464 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddHeadersListener.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddHeadersListener.php
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ final class AddHeadersListener
 {
     use OperationRequestInitiatorTrait;
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly bool $etag = false, private readonly ?int $maxAge = null, private readonly ?int $sharedMaxAge = null, private readonly ?array $vary = null, private readonly ?bool $public = null, ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, private readonly ?int $staleWhileRevalidate = null, private readonly ?int $staleIfError = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly bool $etag = false, private readonly ?int $maxAge = null, private readonly ?int $sharedMaxAge = null, private readonly ?array $vary = null, private readonly ?bool $public = null, ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, private readonly ?int $staleWhileRevalidate = null, private readonly ?int $staleIfError = null)
     {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
     }
diff --git a/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddLinkHeaderListener.php b/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddLinkHeaderListener.php
index fecd341729f..43b4e1132bc 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddLinkHeaderListener.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddLinkHeaderListener.php
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ final class AddLinkHeaderListener
 
     public function __construct(
         private readonly Discovery $discovery,
-        ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null,
+        ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null,
         private readonly HttpHeaderSerializer $serializer = new HttpHeaderSerializer()
     ) {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
diff --git a/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddTagsListener.php b/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddTagsListener.php
index 1281ab2bcb8..f386fb918c9 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddTagsListener.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/EventListener/AddTagsListener.php
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ final class AddTagsListener
     use OperationRequestInitiatorTrait;
     use UriVariablesResolverTrait;
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly IriConverterInterface $iriConverter, ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, private readonly ?PurgerInterface $purger = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly IriConverterInterface $iriConverter, ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, private readonly ?PurgerInterface $purger = null)
     {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
     }
diff --git a/src/Symfony/EventListener/DenyAccessListener.php b/src/Symfony/EventListener/DenyAccessListener.php
index fdaa9f9a881..ebc887e09d9 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/EventListener/DenyAccessListener.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/EventListener/DenyAccessListener.php
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ final class DenyAccessListener
 {
     use OperationRequestInitiatorTrait;
 
-    public function __construct(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, private readonly ?ResourceAccessCheckerInterface $resourceAccessChecker = null)
+    public function __construct(?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null, private readonly ?ResourceAccessCheckerInterface $resourceAccessChecker = null)
     {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
     }
diff --git a/src/Symfony/EventListener/DeserializeListener.php b/src/Symfony/EventListener/DeserializeListener.php
index 00b53ec42eb..1dc6bfa3da5 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/EventListener/DeserializeListener.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/EventListener/DeserializeListener.php
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ final class DeserializeListener
 
     public const OPERATION_ATTRIBUTE_KEY = 'deserialize';
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly SerializerInterface $serializer, private readonly SerializerContextBuilderInterface $serializerContextBuilder, ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory = null, private ?TranslatorInterface $translator = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly SerializerInterface $serializer, private readonly SerializerContextBuilderInterface $serializerContextBuilder, ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory = null, private ?TranslatorInterface $translator = null)
     {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataFactory;
         if (null === $this->translator) {
diff --git a/src/Symfony/EventListener/ErrorListener.php b/src/Symfony/EventListener/ErrorListener.php
index a9ad9d7f16a..41ed3aaae11 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/EventListener/ErrorListener.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/EventListener/ErrorListener.php
@@ -49,16 +49,16 @@ final class ErrorListener extends SymfonyErrorListener
 
     public function __construct(
         object|array|string|null $controller,
-        LoggerInterface $logger = null,
+        ?LoggerInterface $logger = null,
         bool $debug = false,
         array $exceptionsMapping = [],
-        ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null,
+        ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null,
         private readonly array $errorFormats = [],
         private readonly array $exceptionToStatus = [],
         /** @phpstan-ignore-next-line we're not using this anymore but keeping for bc layer */
-        private readonly null|IdentifiersExtractorInterface|LegacyIdentifiersExtractorInterface $identifiersExtractor = null,
-        private readonly null|ResourceClassResolverInterface|LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver = null,
-        Negotiator $negotiator = null,
+        private readonly IdentifiersExtractorInterface|LegacyIdentifiersExtractorInterface|null $identifiersExtractor = null,
+        private readonly ResourceClassResolverInterface|LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface|null $resourceClassResolver = null,
+        ?Negotiator $negotiator = null,
         private readonly bool $problemCompliantErrors = true,
     ) {
         parent::__construct($controller, $logger, $debug, $exceptionsMapping);
diff --git a/src/Symfony/EventListener/QueryParameterValidateListener.php b/src/Symfony/EventListener/QueryParameterValidateListener.php
index ea83890bf95..0f540d07e4b 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/EventListener/QueryParameterValidateListener.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/EventListener/QueryParameterValidateListener.php
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ final class QueryParameterValidateListener
 
     public const OPERATION_ATTRIBUTE_KEY = 'query_parameter_validate';
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly QueryParameterValidator $queryParameterValidator, ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly QueryParameterValidator $queryParameterValidator, ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null)
     {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
     }
diff --git a/src/Symfony/EventListener/ReadListener.php b/src/Symfony/EventListener/ReadListener.php
index 54f8c1d46b8..0cecffc790f 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/EventListener/ReadListener.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/EventListener/ReadListener.php
@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ final class ReadListener
 
     public function __construct(
         private readonly ProviderInterface $provider,
-        ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null,
+        ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null,
         private readonly ?SerializerContextBuilderInterface $serializerContextBuilder = null,
-        LegacyUriVariablesConverterInterface|UriVariablesConverterInterface $uriVariablesConverter = null,
+        LegacyUriVariablesConverterInterface|UriVariablesConverterInterface|null $uriVariablesConverter = null,
     ) {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
         $this->uriVariablesConverter = $uriVariablesConverter;
diff --git a/src/Symfony/EventListener/RespondListener.php b/src/Symfony/EventListener/RespondListener.php
index cdf2fe0076b..df53f671850 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/EventListener/RespondListener.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/EventListener/RespondListener.php
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ final class RespondListener
     ];
 
     public function __construct(
-        ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory = null,
-        private readonly null|IriConverterInterface|LegacyIriConverterInterface $iriConverter = null,
+        ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory = null,
+        private readonly IriConverterInterface|LegacyIriConverterInterface|null $iriConverter = null,
     ) {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataFactory;
     }
diff --git a/src/Symfony/EventListener/SerializeListener.php b/src/Symfony/EventListener/SerializeListener.php
index aaa0775f02a..3f998626acd 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/EventListener/SerializeListener.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/EventListener/SerializeListener.php
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ final class SerializeListener
     public function __construct(
         private readonly SerializerInterface $serializer,
         private readonly SerializerContextBuilderInterface $serializerContextBuilder,
-        ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory = null,
+        ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataFactory = null,
         private readonly array $errorFormats = [],
         // @phpstan-ignore-next-line we don't need this anymore
         private readonly bool $debug = false,
diff --git a/src/Symfony/EventListener/WriteListener.php b/src/Symfony/EventListener/WriteListener.php
index 88559a323d7..bd3880a1c42 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/EventListener/WriteListener.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/EventListener/WriteListener.php
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ public function __construct(
         private readonly ProcessorInterface $processor,
         private readonly LegacyIriConverterInterface|IriConverterInterface $iriConverter,
         private readonly ResourceClassResolverInterface|LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver,
-        ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null,
-        LegacyUriVariablesConverterInterface|UriVariablesConverterInterface $uriVariablesConverter = null,
+        ?ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = null,
+        LegacyUriVariablesConverterInterface|UriVariablesConverterInterface|null $uriVariablesConverter = null,
     ) {
         $this->resourceMetadataCollectionFactory = $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory;
         $this->uriVariablesConverter = $uriVariablesConverter;
diff --git a/src/Symfony/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/DataCollectorResolverFactory.php b/src/Symfony/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/DataCollectorResolverFactory.php
index 5cb0efdbd5b..9091ab3dc9e 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/DataCollectorResolverFactory.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/GraphQl/Resolver/Factory/DataCollectorResolverFactory.php
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ResolverFactoryInterface $resolverF
     {
     }
 
-    public function __invoke(string $resourceClass = null, string $rootClass = null, Operation $operation = null): callable
+    public function __invoke(?string $resourceClass = null, ?string $rootClass = null, ?Operation $operation = null): callable
     {
         return function (?array $source, array $args, $context, ResolveInfo $info) use ($resourceClass, $rootClass, $operation) {
             if ($this->requestStack && null !== $request = $this->requestStack->getCurrentRequest()) {
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Routing/ApiLoader.php b/src/Symfony/Routing/ApiLoader.php
index e7f08dfdf79..0d30198622b 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Routing/ApiLoader.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Routing/ApiLoader.php
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public function __construct(KernelInterface $kernel, private readonly ResourceNa
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function load(mixed $data, string $type = null): RouteCollection
+    public function load(mixed $data, ?string $type = null): RouteCollection
     {
         $routeCollection = new RouteCollection();
         foreach ($this->resourceClassDirectories as $directory) {
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ public function load(mixed $data, string $type = null): RouteCollection
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function supports(mixed $resource, string $type = null): bool
+    public function supports(mixed $resource, ?string $type = null): bool
     {
         return 'api_platform' === $type;
     }
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Routing/IriConverter.php b/src/Symfony/Routing/IriConverter.php
index 6134ab8c5a7..9b8773afd89 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Routing/IriConverter.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Routing/IriConverter.php
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ final class IriConverter implements IriConverterInterface
     private $localOperationCache = [];
     private $localIdentifiersExtractorOperationCache = [];
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly ProviderInterface $provider, private readonly RouterInterface $router, private readonly IdentifiersExtractorInterface|LegacyIdentifiersExtractorInterface $identifiersExtractor, ResourceClassResolverInterface|LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, private readonly ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, UriVariablesConverterInterface|LegacyUriVariablesConverterInterface $uriVariablesConverter = null, private readonly ?IriConverterInterface $decorated = null, private readonly ?OperationMetadataFactoryInterface $operationMetadataFactory = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly ProviderInterface $provider, private readonly RouterInterface $router, private readonly IdentifiersExtractorInterface|LegacyIdentifiersExtractorInterface $identifiersExtractor, ResourceClassResolverInterface|LegacyResourceClassResolverInterface $resourceClassResolver, private readonly ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, UriVariablesConverterInterface|LegacyUriVariablesConverterInterface|null $uriVariablesConverter = null, private readonly ?IriConverterInterface $decorated = null, private readonly ?OperationMetadataFactoryInterface $operationMetadataFactory = null)
     {
         $this->resourceClassResolver = $resourceClassResolver;
         $this->uriVariablesConverter = $uriVariablesConverter;
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ProviderInterface $provider, privat
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function getResourceFromIri(string $iri, array $context = [], Operation $operation = null): object
+    public function getResourceFromIri(string $iri, array $context = [], ?Operation $operation = null): object
     {
         try {
             $parameters = $this->router->match($iri);
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public function getResourceFromIri(string $iri, array $context = [], Operation $
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function getIriFromResource(object|string $resource, int $referenceType = UrlGeneratorInterface::ABS_PATH, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): ?string
+    public function getIriFromResource(object|string $resource, int $referenceType = UrlGeneratorInterface::ABS_PATH, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): ?string
     {
         $resourceClass = $context['force_resource_class'] ?? (\is_string($resource) ? $resource : $this->getObjectClass($resource));
 
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ public function getIriFromResource(object|string $resource, int $referenceType =
         return $this->generateSymfonyRoute($resource, $referenceType, $operation, $context, $identifiersExtractorOperation);
     }
 
-    private function generateSkolemIri(object|string $resource, int $referenceType = UrlGeneratorInterface::ABS_PATH, Operation $operation = null, array $context = [], string $resourceClass = null): string
+    private function generateSkolemIri(object|string $resource, int $referenceType = UrlGeneratorInterface::ABS_PATH, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = [], ?string $resourceClass = null): string
     {
         if (!$this->decorated) {
             throw new InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('Unable to generate an IRI for the item of type "%s"', $resourceClass));
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ private function generateSkolemIri(object|string $resource, int $referenceType =
         return $this->decorated->getIriFromResource($resource, $referenceType, $operation, $context);
     }
 
-    private function generateSymfonyRoute(object|string $resource, int $referenceType = UrlGeneratorInterface::ABS_PATH, Operation $operation = null, array $context = [], Operation $identifiersExtractorOperation = null): string
+    private function generateSymfonyRoute(object|string $resource, int $referenceType = UrlGeneratorInterface::ABS_PATH, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = [], ?Operation $identifiersExtractorOperation = null): string
     {
         $identifiers = $context['uri_variables'] ?? [];
 
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Routing/Router.php b/src/Symfony/Routing/Router.php
index 8bfd109a651..0b0a76d8f24 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Routing/Router.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Routing/Router.php
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ public function match(string $pathInfo): array
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function generate(string $name, array $parameters = [], int $referenceType = null): string
+    public function generate(string $name, array $parameters = [], ?int $referenceType = null): string
     {
         return $this->router->generate($name, $parameters, self::CONST_MAP[$referenceType ?? $this->urlGenerationStrategy]);
     }
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Routing/SkolemIriConverter.php b/src/Symfony/Routing/SkolemIriConverter.php
index 9f7c7f3ecee..d21561e48a9 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Routing/SkolemIriConverter.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Routing/SkolemIriConverter.php
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public function __construct(RouterInterface $router)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function getResourceFromIri(string $iri, array $context = [], Operation $operation = null): object
+    public function getResourceFromIri(string $iri, array $context = [], ?Operation $operation = null): object
     {
         throw new ItemNotFoundException(sprintf('Item not found for "%s".', $iri));
     }
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ public function getResourceFromIri(string $iri, array $context = [], Operation $
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function getIriFromResource(object|string $resource, int $referenceType = UrlGeneratorInterface::ABS_PATH, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): ?string
+    public function getIriFromResource(object|string $resource, int $referenceType = UrlGeneratorInterface::ABS_PATH, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): ?string
     {
         $referenceType = $operation ? ($operation->getUrlGenerationStrategy() ?? $referenceType) : $referenceType;
         if (($isObject = \is_object($resource)) && $this->objectHashMap->contains($resource)) {
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Validator/Exception/ValidationException.php b/src/Symfony/Validator/Exception/ValidationException.php
index 839319dc928..cc0cd251499 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Validator/Exception/ValidationException.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Validator/Exception/ValidationException.php
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ final class ValidationException extends BaseValidationException implements Const
 {
     private int $status = 422;
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly ConstraintViolationListInterface $constraintViolationList, string $message = '', int $code = 0, \Throwable $previous = null, string $errorTitle = null)
+    public function __construct(private readonly ConstraintViolationListInterface $constraintViolationList, string $message = '', int $code = 0, ?\Throwable $previous = null, ?string $errorTitle = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($message ?: $this->__toString(), $code, $previous, $errorTitle);
     }
diff --git a/src/Symfony/Validator/Serializer/ValidationExceptionNormalizer.php b/src/Symfony/Validator/Serializer/ValidationExceptionNormalizer.php
index caa0ac72fa1..d45d32a37fa 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Validator/Serializer/ValidationExceptionNormalizer.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Validator/Serializer/ValidationExceptionNormalizer.php
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly NormalizerInterface $decorated, pri
     {
     }
 
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject|null
     {
         $messages = [];
         foreach ($object->getConstraintViolationList() as $violation) {
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
         return $this->decorated->normalize($object, $format, $context);
     }
 
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return $data instanceof ValidationException && $this->decorated->supportsNormalization($data, $format, $context);
     }
diff --git a/src/Test/DoctrineMongoDbOdmFilterTestCase.php b/src/Test/DoctrineMongoDbOdmFilterTestCase.php
index a87cf891c4f..bb23ff76660 100644
--- a/src/Test/DoctrineMongoDbOdmFilterTestCase.php
+++ b/src/Test/DoctrineMongoDbOdmFilterTestCase.php
@@ -48,14 +48,14 @@ protected function setUp(): void
     /**
      * @dataProvider provideApplyTestData
      */
-    public function testApply(?array $properties, array $filterParameters, array $expectedPipeline, callable $factory = null, string $resourceClass = null): void
+    public function testApply(?array $properties, array $filterParameters, array $expectedPipeline, ?callable $factory = null, ?string $resourceClass = null): void
     {
         $this->doTestApply($properties, $filterParameters, $expectedPipeline, $factory, $resourceClass);
     }
 
-    protected function doTestApply(?array $properties, array $filterParameters, array $expectedPipeline, callable $filterFactory = null, string $resourceClass = null): void
+    protected function doTestApply(?array $properties, array $filterParameters, array $expectedPipeline, ?callable $filterFactory = null, ?string $resourceClass = null): void
     {
-        $filterFactory ??= fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, array $properties = null): FilterInterface => new ($this->filterClass)($managerRegistry, null, $properties);
+        $filterFactory ??= fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?array $properties = null): FilterInterface => new ($this->filterClass)($managerRegistry, null, $properties);
 
         $repository = $this->repository;
         if ($resourceClass) {
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ protected function doTestApply(?array $properties, array $filterParameters, arra
         $this->assertEquals($expectedPipeline, $pipeline);
     }
 
-    protected function buildFilter(array $properties = null)
+    protected function buildFilter(?array $properties = null)
     {
         return new $this->filterClass($this->managerRegistry, null, $properties);
     }
diff --git a/src/Test/DoctrineMongoDbOdmSetup.php b/src/Test/DoctrineMongoDbOdmSetup.php
index d514ae85568..43eb5fe33ab 100644
--- a/src/Test/DoctrineMongoDbOdmSetup.php
+++ b/src/Test/DoctrineMongoDbOdmSetup.php
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class DoctrineMongoDbOdmSetup
     /**
      * Creates a configuration with an attribute metadata driver.
      */
-    public static function createAttributeMetadataConfiguration(array $paths, bool $isDevMode = false, string $proxyDir = null, string $hydratorDir = null, Cache $cache = null): Configuration
+    public static function createAttributeMetadataConfiguration(array $paths, bool $isDevMode = false, ?string $proxyDir = null, ?string $hydratorDir = null, ?Cache $cache = null): Configuration
     {
         $config = self::createConfiguration($isDevMode, $proxyDir, $hydratorDir, $cache);
         $config->setMetadataDriverImpl(new AttributeDriver($paths));
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public static function createAttributeMetadataConfiguration(array $paths, bool $
     /**
      * Creates a configuration with a xml metadata driver.
      */
-    public static function createXMLMetadataConfiguration(array $paths, bool $isDevMode = false, string $proxyDir = null, string $hydratorDir = null, Cache $cache = null): Configuration
+    public static function createXMLMetadataConfiguration(array $paths, bool $isDevMode = false, ?string $proxyDir = null, ?string $hydratorDir = null, ?Cache $cache = null): Configuration
     {
         $config = self::createConfiguration($isDevMode, $proxyDir, $hydratorDir, $cache);
         $config->setMetadataDriverImpl(new XmlDriver($paths));
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ public static function createXMLMetadataConfiguration(array $paths, bool $isDevM
     /**
      * Creates a configuration without a metadata driver.
      */
-    public static function createConfiguration(bool $isDevMode = false, string $proxyDir = null, string $hydratorDir = null, Cache $cache = null): Configuration
+    public static function createConfiguration(bool $isDevMode = false, ?string $proxyDir = null, ?string $hydratorDir = null, ?Cache $cache = null): Configuration
     {
         $proxyDir = $proxyDir ?: sys_get_temp_dir();
         $hydratorDir = $hydratorDir ?: sys_get_temp_dir();
diff --git a/src/Test/DoctrineOrmFilterTestCase.php b/src/Test/DoctrineOrmFilterTestCase.php
index ab90ca8107c..ff934894d5f 100644
--- a/src/Test/DoctrineOrmFilterTestCase.php
+++ b/src/Test/DoctrineOrmFilterTestCase.php
@@ -48,15 +48,15 @@ protected function setUp(): void
     /**
      * @dataProvider provideApplyTestData
      */
-    public function testApply(?array $properties, array $filterParameters, string $expectedDql, array $expectedParameters = null, callable $factory = null, string $resourceClass = null): void
+    public function testApply(?array $properties, array $filterParameters, string $expectedDql, ?array $expectedParameters = null, ?callable $factory = null, ?string $resourceClass = null): void
     {
         $this->doTestApply($properties, $filterParameters, $expectedDql, $expectedParameters, $factory, $resourceClass);
     }
 
-    protected function doTestApply(?array $properties, array $filterParameters, string $expectedDql, array $expectedParameters = null, callable $filterFactory = null, string $resourceClass = null): void
+    protected function doTestApply(?array $properties, array $filterParameters, string $expectedDql, ?array $expectedParameters = null, ?callable $filterFactory = null, ?string $resourceClass = null): void
     {
         if (null === $filterFactory) {
-            $filterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, array $properties = null): FilterInterface => new ($this->filterClass)($managerRegistry, null, $properties);
+            $filterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?array $properties = null): FilterInterface => new ($this->filterClass)($managerRegistry, null, $properties);
         }
 
         $repository = $this->repository;
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ protected function doTestApply(?array $properties, array $filterParameters, stri
         }
     }
 
-    protected function buildFilter(array $properties = null)
+    protected function buildFilter(?array $properties = null)
     {
         return new $this->filterClass($this->managerRegistry, null, $properties);
     }
diff --git a/src/Util/AttributeFilterExtractorTrait.php b/src/Util/AttributeFilterExtractorTrait.php
index 8c07307732b..3ccbf4d0b3f 100644
--- a/src/Util/AttributeFilterExtractorTrait.php
+++ b/src/Util/AttributeFilterExtractorTrait.php
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ private function getFilterAttributes(\ReflectionClass|\ReflectionProperty $refle
     /**
      * Given a filter attribute and reflection elements, find out the properties where the filter is applied.
      */
-    private function getFilterProperties(ApiFilter $filterAttribute, \ReflectionClass $reflectionClass, \ReflectionProperty $reflectionProperty = null): array
+    private function getFilterProperties(ApiFilter $filterAttribute, \ReflectionClass $reflectionClass, ?\ReflectionProperty $reflectionProperty = null): array
     {
         $properties = [];
 
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ private function readFilterAttributes(\ReflectionClass $reflectionClass): array
      * @param string           $filterClass     the filter class
      * @param string|null      $filterId        the filter id
      */
-    private function generateFilterId(\ReflectionClass $reflectionClass, string $filterClass, string $filterId = null): string
+    private function generateFilterId(\ReflectionClass $reflectionClass, string $filterClass, ?string $filterId = null): string
     {
         $suffix = null !== $filterId ? '_'.$filterId : $filterId;
 
diff --git a/src/Util/IriHelper.php b/src/Util/IriHelper.php
index 174336ba377..d4c8915e6ac 100644
--- a/src/Util/IriHelper.php
+++ b/src/Util/IriHelper.php
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public static function parseIri(string $iri, string $pageParameterName): array
     /**
      * Gets a collection IRI for the given parameters.
      */
-    public static function createIri(array $parts, array $parameters, string $pageParameterName = null, float $page = null, $urlGenerationStrategy = UrlGeneratorInterface::ABS_PATH): string
+    public static function createIri(array $parts, array $parameters, ?string $pageParameterName = null, ?float $page = null, $urlGenerationStrategy = UrlGeneratorInterface::ABS_PATH): string
     {
         if (null !== $page && null !== $pageParameterName) {
             $parameters[$pageParameterName] = $page;
diff --git a/src/Validator/Exception/ValidationException.php b/src/Validator/Exception/ValidationException.php
index c710cfee867..9e5985ad5ee 100644
--- a/src/Validator/Exception/ValidationException.php
+++ b/src/Validator/Exception/ValidationException.php
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
  */
 class ValidationException extends RuntimeException
 {
-    public function __construct(string $message = '', int $code = 0, \Throwable $previous = null, protected readonly ?string $errorTitle = null)
+    public function __construct(string $message = '', int $code = 0, ?\Throwable $previous = null, protected readonly ?string $errorTitle = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($message, $code, $previous);
     }
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/ExistsFilterTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/ExistsFilterTest.php
index 4348617e5e2..3f43bbd11ef 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/ExistsFilterTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/ExistsFilterTest.php
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ public function testGetDescriptionDefaultFields(): void
 
     public static function provideApplyTestData(): array
     {
-        $existsFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, array $properties = null): ExistsFilter => new ExistsFilter($managerRegistry, null, $properties, 'exists');
-        $customExistsFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, array $properties = null): ExistsFilter => new ExistsFilter($managerRegistry, null, $properties, 'customExists');
+        $existsFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?array $properties = null): ExistsFilter => new ExistsFilter($managerRegistry, null, $properties, 'exists');
+        $customExistsFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?array $properties = null): ExistsFilter => new ExistsFilter($managerRegistry, null, $properties, 'customExists');
 
         return array_merge_recursive(
             self::provideApplyTestArguments(),
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ public static function provideApplyTestData(): array
         );
     }
 
-    protected function buildFilter(array $properties = null)
+    protected function buildFilter(?array $properties = null)
     {
         return new $this->filterClass($this->managerRegistry, null, $properties, 'exists');
     }
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/OrderFilterTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/OrderFilterTest.php
index 43ceb21de3e..cf8180a6050 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/OrderFilterTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/OrderFilterTest.php
@@ -235,8 +235,8 @@ public function testGetDescriptionDefaultFields(): void
 
     public static function provideApplyTestData(): array
     {
-        $orderFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, array $properties = null): OrderFilter => new OrderFilter($managerRegistry, 'order', null, $properties);
-        $customOrderFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, array $properties = null): OrderFilter => new OrderFilter($managerRegistry, 'customOrder', null, $properties);
+        $orderFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?array $properties = null): OrderFilter => new OrderFilter($managerRegistry, 'order', null, $properties);
+        $customOrderFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?array $properties = null): OrderFilter => new OrderFilter($managerRegistry, 'customOrder', null, $properties);
 
         return array_merge_recursive(
             self::provideApplyTestArguments(),
@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ public static function provideApplyTestData(): array
         );
     }
 
-    protected function buildFilter(array $properties = null)
+    protected function buildFilter(?array $properties = null)
     {
         return new $this->filterClass($this->managerRegistry, 'order', null, $properties, new CustomConverter());
     }
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/SearchFilterTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/SearchFilterTest.php
index 845e3a3d11c..70c95d5bc66 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/SearchFilterTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Filter/SearchFilterTest.php
@@ -753,7 +753,7 @@ public static function provideApplyTestData(): array
         );
     }
 
-    protected static function buildSearchFilter(self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, array $properties = null): SearchFilter
+    protected static function buildSearchFilter(self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?array $properties = null): SearchFilter
     {
         $relatedDummyProphecy = $that->prophesize(RelatedDummy::class);
         $iriConverterProphecy = $that->prophesize(IriConverterInterface::class);
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Metadata/Resource/DoctrineMongoDbOdmResourceCollectionMetadataFactoryTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Metadata/Resource/DoctrineMongoDbOdmResourceCollectionMetadataFactoryTest.php
index deb100f26ce..f2a4e95b466 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Metadata/Resource/DoctrineMongoDbOdmResourceCollectionMetadataFactoryTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Odm/Metadata/Resource/DoctrineMongoDbOdmResourceCollectionMetadataFactoryTest.php
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public function testWithoutManager(): void
     /**
      * @dataProvider operationProvider
      */
-    public function testWithProvider(Operation $operation, string $expectedProvider = null, string $expectedProcessor = null): void
+    public function testWithProvider(Operation $operation, ?string $expectedProvider = null, ?string $expectedProcessor = null): void
     {
         if (!class_exists(DocumentManager::class)) {
             $this->markTestSkipped('ODM not installed');
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Odm/PropertyInfo/DoctrineExtractorTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Odm/PropertyInfo/DoctrineExtractorTest.php
index e6eb44768f1..6b6f5598721 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Odm/PropertyInfo/DoctrineExtractorTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Odm/PropertyInfo/DoctrineExtractorTest.php
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ public function testTestGetPropertiesWithEmbedded(): void
     /**
      * @dataProvider typesProvider
      */
-    public function testExtract(string $property, array $type = null): void
+    public function testExtract(string $property, ?array $type = null): void
     {
         $this->assertEquals($type, $this->createExtractor()->getTypes(DoctrineDummy::class, $property));
     }
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/ExistsFilterTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/ExistsFilterTest.php
index 82286240505..a345324342a 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/ExistsFilterTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/ExistsFilterTest.php
@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@ public function testGetDescriptionDefaultFields(): void
 
     public static function provideApplyTestData(): array
     {
-        $existsFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, array $properties = null): ExistsFilter => new ExistsFilter($managerRegistry, null, $properties, 'exists');
-        $customExistsFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, array $properties = null): ExistsFilter => new ExistsFilter($managerRegistry, null, $properties, 'customExists');
+        $existsFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?array $properties = null): ExistsFilter => new ExistsFilter($managerRegistry, null, $properties, 'exists');
+        $customExistsFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?array $properties = null): ExistsFilter => new ExistsFilter($managerRegistry, null, $properties, 'customExists');
 
         return array_merge_recursive(
             self::provideApplyTestArguments(),
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ public static function provideApplyTestData(): array
         );
     }
 
-    protected function buildFilter(array $properties = null)
+    protected function buildFilter(?array $properties = null)
     {
         return new $this->filterClass($this->managerRegistry, null, $properties, 'exists', new CustomConverter());
     }
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/OrderFilterTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/OrderFilterTest.php
index 76454322505..b22d9cf125f 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/OrderFilterTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/OrderFilterTest.php
@@ -296,8 +296,8 @@ public function testGetDescriptionDefaultFields(): void
 
     public static function provideApplyTestData(): array
     {
-        $orderFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, array $properties = null): OrderFilter => new OrderFilter($managerRegistry, 'order', null, $properties);
-        $customOrderFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, array $properties = null): OrderFilter => new OrderFilter($managerRegistry, 'customOrder', null, $properties);
+        $orderFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?array $properties = null): OrderFilter => new OrderFilter($managerRegistry, 'order', null, $properties);
+        $customOrderFilterFactory = fn (self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?array $properties = null): OrderFilter => new OrderFilter($managerRegistry, 'customOrder', null, $properties);
 
         return array_merge_recursive(
             self::provideApplyTestArguments(),
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ public static function provideApplyTestData(): array
         );
     }
 
-    protected function buildFilter(array $properties = null)
+    protected function buildFilter(?array $properties = null)
     {
         return new $this->filterClass($this->managerRegistry, 'order', null, $properties, new CustomConverter());
     }
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/SearchFilterTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/SearchFilterTest.php
index 8644ec7a289..34f5618ca4c 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/SearchFilterTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Filter/SearchFilterTest.php
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ public static function provideApplyTestData(): array
         );
     }
 
-    protected static function buildSearchFilter(self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, array $properties = null): SearchFilter
+    protected static function buildSearchFilter(self $that, ManagerRegistry $managerRegistry, ?array $properties = null): SearchFilter
     {
         $relatedDummyProphecy = $that->prophesize(RelatedDummy::class);
         $iriConverterProphecy = $that->prophesize(IriConverterInterface::class);
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Metadata/Resource/DoctrineOrmResourceCollectionMetadataFactoryTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Metadata/Resource/DoctrineOrmResourceCollectionMetadataFactoryTest.php
index 4188aec389a..34cf53c22d3 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Metadata/Resource/DoctrineOrmResourceCollectionMetadataFactoryTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Orm/Metadata/Resource/DoctrineOrmResourceCollectionMetadataFactoryTest.php
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ public function testWithoutManager(): void
     /**
      * @dataProvider operationProvider
      */
-    public function testWithProvider(Operation $operation, string $expectedProvider = null, string $expectedProcessor = null): void
+    public function testWithProvider(Operation $operation, ?string $expectedProvider = null, ?string $expectedProcessor = null): void
     {
         $objectManager = $this->prophesize(EntityManagerInterface::class);
         $managerRegistry = $this->prophesize(ManagerRegistry::class);
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/ApiResource/Issue5648/CustomFilter.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/ApiResource/Issue5648/CustomFilter.php
index e6c8d62ed3a..ec914a66b4f 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/ApiResource/Issue5648/CustomFilter.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/ApiResource/Issue5648/CustomFilter.php
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 class CustomFilter extends AbstractFilter
 {
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
         if ('custom' !== $property) {
             return;
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/ApiResource/Issue5896/TypeFactoryDecorator.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/ApiResource/Issue5896/TypeFactoryDecorator.php
index ff28992f826..939259fbb37 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/ApiResource/Issue5896/TypeFactoryDecorator.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/ApiResource/Issue5896/TypeFactoryDecorator.php
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ public function __construct(
     ) {
     }
 
-    public function getType(Type $type, string $format = 'json', bool $readableLink = null, array $serializerContext = null, Schema $schema = null): array
+    public function getType(Type $type, string $format = 'json', ?bool $readableLink = null, ?array $serializerContext = null, ?Schema $schema = null): array
     {
         if (is_a($type->getClassName(), LocalDate::class, true)) {
             return [
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/Answer.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/Answer.php
index 2b45253e55d..28d91bc7e71 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/Answer.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/Answer.php
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public function getContent(): ?string
     /**
      * Set question.
      */
-    public function setQuestion(Question $question = null): self
+    public function setQuestion(?Question $question = null): self
     {
         $this->question = $question;
 
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/CompositeItem.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/CompositeItem.php
index fa9b44e52c4..cfe73fb374c 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/CompositeItem.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/CompositeItem.php
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public function getField1(): ?string
     /**
      * Sets field1.
      */
-    public function setField1(string $field1 = null): void
+    public function setField1(?string $field1 = null): void
     {
         $this->field1 = $field1;
     }
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/Dummy.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/Dummy.php
index 96700070608..24516bfbcd4 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/Dummy.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/Dummy.php
@@ -163,12 +163,12 @@ public function getFoo(): ?array
         return $this->foo;
     }
 
-    public function setFoo(array $foo = null): void
+    public function setFoo(?array $foo = null): void
     {
         $this->foo = $foo;
     }
 
-    public function setDummyDate(\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
+    public function setDummyDate(?\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
     {
         $this->dummyDate = $dummyDate;
     }
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/DummyValidationSerializedName.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/DummyValidationSerializedName.php
index 492f41ef050..8d1d875eed2 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/DummyValidationSerializedName.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/DummyValidationSerializedName.php
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 declare(strict_types=1);
 
-namespace Fixtures\TestBundle\Document;
+namespace ApiPlatform\Tests\Fixtures\TestBundle\Document;
 
 use ApiPlatform\Metadata\ApiResource;
 use ApiPlatform\Metadata\GetCollection;
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/Question.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/Question.php
index 417f78864b9..881d70fc540 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/Question.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/Question.php
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public function getId(): ?int
     /**
      * Set answer.
      */
-    public function setAnswer(Answer $answer = null): self
+    public function setAnswer(?Answer $answer = null): self
     {
         $this->answer = $answer;
 
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/RelatedDummy.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/RelatedDummy.php
index 6f8998ab1a4..6a3678b6484 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/RelatedDummy.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/RelatedDummy.php
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public function getThirdLevel(): ?ThirdLevel
         return $this->thirdLevel;
     }
 
-    public function setThirdLevel(ThirdLevel $thirdLevel = null): void
+    public function setThirdLevel(?ThirdLevel $thirdLevel = null): void
     {
         $this->thirdLevel = $thirdLevel;
     }
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/SlugChildDummy.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/SlugChildDummy.php
index f9644c8d738..890cf391652 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/SlugChildDummy.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/SlugChildDummy.php
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public function getParentDummy(): SlugParentDummy
         return $this->parentDummy;
     }
 
-    public function setParentDummy(SlugParentDummy $parentDummy = null): self
+    public function setParentDummy(?SlugParentDummy $parentDummy = null): self
     {
         $this->parentDummy = $parentDummy;
 
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/ThirdLevel.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/ThirdLevel.php
index 7a79df0032a..ef482a6564a 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/ThirdLevel.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/ThirdLevel.php
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public function getFourthLevel(): ?FourthLevel
         return $this->fourthLevel;
     }
 
-    public function setFourthLevel(FourthLevel $fourthLevel = null): void
+    public function setFourthLevel(?FourthLevel $fourthLevel = null): void
     {
         $this->fourthLevel = $fourthLevel;
     }
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/VoDummyInspection.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/VoDummyInspection.php
index 5ef268b444e..31b8c4d51ca 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/VoDummyInspection.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Document/VoDummyInspection.php
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class VoDummyInspection
 
     private $attributeWithoutConstructorEquivalent;
 
-    public function __construct(#[Groups(['car_read', 'car_write', 'inspection_read', 'inspection_write'])] #[ODM\Field(type: 'bool')] private bool $accepted, #[Groups(['inspection_read', 'inspection_write'])] #[ODM\ReferenceOne(targetDocument: VoDummyCar::class, inversedBy: 'inspections')] private VoDummyCar $car, \DateTime $performed = null, string $parameterWhichIsNotClassAttribute = '')
+    public function __construct(#[Groups(['car_read', 'car_write', 'inspection_read', 'inspection_write'])] #[ODM\Field(type: 'bool')] private bool $accepted, #[Groups(['inspection_read', 'inspection_write'])] #[ODM\ReferenceOne(targetDocument: VoDummyCar::class, inversedBy: 'inspections')] private VoDummyCar $car, ?\DateTime $performed = null, string $parameterWhichIsNotClassAttribute = '')
     {
         $this->performed = $performed ?: new \DateTime();
         $this->attributeWithoutConstructorEquivalent = $parameterWhichIsNotClassAttribute;
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Answer.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Answer.php
index 945fd5e3b6d..ec22268a5be 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Answer.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Answer.php
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ public function getContent(): ?string
     /**
      * Set question.
      */
-    public function setQuestion(Question $question = null): self
+    public function setQuestion(?Question $question = null): self
     {
         $this->question = $question;
 
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/CompositeLabel.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/CompositeLabel.php
index 9803d639da1..f94218d6550 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/CompositeLabel.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/CompositeLabel.php
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public function getValue(): ?string
      *
      * @param string|null $value the value to set
      */
-    public function setValue(string $value = null): void
+    public function setValue(?string $value = null): void
     {
         $this->value = $value;
     }
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Dummy.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Dummy.php
index afd6c9a7c32..55dce62d2ba 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Dummy.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Dummy.php
@@ -194,12 +194,12 @@ public function getFoo(): ?array
         return $this->foo;
     }
 
-    public function setFoo(array $foo = null): void
+    public function setFoo(?array $foo = null): void
     {
         $this->foo = $foo;
     }
 
-    public function setDummyDate(\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
+    public function setDummyDate(?\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
     {
         $this->dummyDate = $dummyDate;
     }
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/DummyProblem.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/DummyProblem.php
index affe43ed248..a6bf31b5dc9 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/DummyProblem.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/DummyProblem.php
@@ -191,12 +191,12 @@ public function getFoo(): ?array
         return $this->foo;
     }
 
-    public function setFoo(array $foo = null): void
+    public function setFoo(?array $foo = null): void
     {
         $this->foo = $foo;
     }
 
-    public function setDummyDate(\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
+    public function setDummyDate(?\DateTime $dummyDate = null): void
     {
         $this->dummyDate = $dummyDate;
     }
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/DummyWithCollectDenormalizationErrors.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/DummyWithCollectDenormalizationErrors.php
index bf461b9e0c7..07c9035a5b2 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/DummyWithCollectDenormalizationErrors.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/DummyWithCollectDenormalizationErrors.php
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class DummyWithCollectDenormalizationErrors
     #[ORM\ManyToMany(targetEntity: RelatedDummy::class)]
     public Collection|iterable $relatedDummies;
 
-    public function __construct(string $baz, string $qux = null)
+    public function __construct(string $baz, ?string $qux = null)
     {
         $this->baz = $baz;
         $this->qux = $qux;
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Question.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Question.php
index 78b1afd5026..aa1b82cd74e 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Question.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/Question.php
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ public function getId(): ?int
     /**
      * Set answer.
      */
-    public function setAnswer(Answer $answer = null): self
+    public function setAnswer(?Answer $answer = null): self
     {
         $this->answer = $answer;
 
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/RamseyUuidDummy.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/RamseyUuidDummy.php
index e0f66a2da22..480c0327603 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/RamseyUuidDummy.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/RamseyUuidDummy.php
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class RamseyUuidDummy
     #[ORM\Column(type: 'uuid', nullable: true)]
     private ?UuidInterface $other = null;
 
-    public function __construct(UuidInterface $id = null)
+    public function __construct(?UuidInterface $id = null)
     {
         $this->id = $id ?? Uuid::uuid4();
     }
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/RelatedDummy.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/RelatedDummy.php
index 79fef63b979..f51c467159a 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/RelatedDummy.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/RelatedDummy.php
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ public function getThirdLevel(): ?ThirdLevel
         return $this->thirdLevel;
     }
 
-    public function setThirdLevel(ThirdLevel $thirdLevel = null): void
+    public function setThirdLevel(?ThirdLevel $thirdLevel = null): void
     {
         $this->thirdLevel = $thirdLevel;
     }
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/SlugChildDummy.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/SlugChildDummy.php
index 4c470196f7a..c1d8c5b21e4 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/SlugChildDummy.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/SlugChildDummy.php
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ public function getParentDummy(): ?SlugParentDummy
         return $this->parentDummy;
     }
 
-    public function setParentDummy(SlugParentDummy $parentDummy = null): self
+    public function setParentDummy(?SlugParentDummy $parentDummy = null): self
     {
         $this->parentDummy = $parentDummy;
 
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/SymfonyUuidDummy.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/SymfonyUuidDummy.php
index 911107493bb..53bece1021a 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/SymfonyUuidDummy.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/SymfonyUuidDummy.php
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class SymfonyUuidDummy
     #[ORM\Column(nullable: true)]
     private ?string $number = null;
 
-    public function __construct(Uuid $id = null)
+    public function __construct(?Uuid $id = null)
     {
         $this->id = $id ?? Uuid::v4();
     }
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/ThirdLevel.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/ThirdLevel.php
index ba099ce257e..672d2e5ba78 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/ThirdLevel.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/ThirdLevel.php
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ public function getFourthLevel(): ?FourthLevel
         return $this->fourthLevel;
     }
 
-    public function setFourthLevel(FourthLevel $fourthLevel = null): void
+    public function setFourthLevel(?FourthLevel $fourthLevel = null): void
     {
         $this->fourthLevel = $fourthLevel;
     }
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/VoDummyInspection.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/VoDummyInspection.php
index c8de195e5bc..2fccd9b1b20 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/VoDummyInspection.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Entity/VoDummyInspection.php
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ class VoDummyInspection
 
     private $attributeWithoutConstructorEquivalent;
 
-    public function __construct(#[ORM\Column(type: 'boolean')] #[Groups(['car_read', 'car_write', 'inspection_read', 'inspection_write'])] private bool $accepted, #[ORM\ManyToOne(targetEntity: VoDummyCar::class, inversedBy: 'inspections')] #[Groups(['inspection_read', 'inspection_write'])] private ?VoDummyCar $car, \DateTime $performed = null, string $parameterWhichIsNotClassAttribute = '')
+    public function __construct(#[ORM\Column(type: 'boolean')] #[Groups(['car_read', 'car_write', 'inspection_read', 'inspection_write'])] private bool $accepted, #[ORM\ManyToOne(targetEntity: VoDummyCar::class, inversedBy: 'inspections')] #[Groups(['inspection_read', 'inspection_write'])] private ?VoDummyCar $car, ?\DateTime $performed = null, string $parameterWhichIsNotClassAttribute = '')
     {
         $this->performed = $performed ?: new \DateTime();
         $this->attributeWithoutConstructorEquivalent = $parameterWhichIsNotClassAttribute;
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Exception/NotFoundException.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Exception/NotFoundException.php
index 5f3bb2eecd7..b81db1bd329 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Exception/NotFoundException.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Exception/NotFoundException.php
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 
 final class NotFoundException extends \Exception
 {
-    public function __construct(string $message = '', int $code = 0, \Throwable $previous = null)
+    public function __construct(string $message = '', int $code = 0, ?\Throwable $previous = null)
     {
         parent::__construct($message, $code, $previous);
     }
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/ArrayItemsFilter.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/ArrayItemsFilter.php
index 7404c1874eb..4c2b9433be3 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/ArrayItemsFilter.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/ArrayItemsFilter.php
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class ArrayItemsFilter extends AbstractFilter
 {
     use PropertyHelperTrait;
 
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/ArrayRequiredFilter.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/ArrayRequiredFilter.php
index b5f9b3b727e..8492304641e 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/ArrayRequiredFilter.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/ArrayRequiredFilter.php
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ final class ArrayRequiredFilter extends AbstractFilter
 {
     use PropertyHelperTrait;
 
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/BoundsFilter.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/BoundsFilter.php
index ad7252f859c..8db3805095f 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/BoundsFilter.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/BoundsFilter.php
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class BoundsFilter extends AbstractFilter
 {
     use PropertyHelperTrait;
 
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/ComplexSubQueryFilter.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/ComplexSubQueryFilter.php
index f7375e93da3..cf8529be055 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/ComplexSubQueryFilter.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/ComplexSubQueryFilter.php
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ protected function filterProperty(
         QueryBuilder $queryBuilder,
         QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator,
         string $resourceClass,
-        Operation $operation = null,
+        ?Operation $operation = null,
         array $context = []
     ): void {
         if ('complex_sub_query_filter' !== $property) {
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/EnumFilter.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/EnumFilter.php
index c52289adea4..25dbdb8413c 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/EnumFilter.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/EnumFilter.php
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class EnumFilter extends AbstractFilter
 {
     use PropertyHelperTrait;
 
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/LengthFilter.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/LengthFilter.php
index a254216e34b..c45ac2f1cc0 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/LengthFilter.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/LengthFilter.php
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class LengthFilter extends AbstractFilter
 {
     use PropertyHelperTrait;
 
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/MultipleOfFilter.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/MultipleOfFilter.php
index 94ac23436e1..ac850411009 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/MultipleOfFilter.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/MultipleOfFilter.php
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class MultipleOfFilter extends AbstractFilter
 {
     use PropertyHelperTrait;
 
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/PatternFilter.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/PatternFilter.php
index fc0dc9f8b5a..49ac2e2e701 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/PatternFilter.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/PatternFilter.php
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class PatternFilter extends AbstractFilter
 {
     use PropertyHelperTrait;
 
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/RequiredAllowEmptyFilter.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/RequiredAllowEmptyFilter.php
index ca2ab3f3e98..35de5c7be46 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/RequiredAllowEmptyFilter.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/RequiredAllowEmptyFilter.php
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class RequiredAllowEmptyFilter extends AbstractFilter
 {
     use PropertyHelperTrait;
 
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/RequiredFilter.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/RequiredFilter.php
index c9595651e47..5e25760b880 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/RequiredFilter.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Filter/RequiredFilter.php
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ final class RequiredFilter extends AbstractFilter
 {
     use PropertyHelperTrait;
 
-    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
+    protected function filterProperty(string $property, $value, QueryBuilder $queryBuilder, QueryNameGeneratorInterface $queryNameGenerator, string $resourceClass, ?Operation $operation = null, array $context = []): void
     {
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/GraphQl/Type/Definition/DateTimeType.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/GraphQl/Type/Definition/DateTimeType.php
index a6b706f7dce..0ac31b05708 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/GraphQl/Type/Definition/DateTimeType.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/GraphQl/Type/Definition/DateTimeType.php
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public function parseValue($value): string
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function parseLiteral(Node $valueNode, array $variables = null): string
+    public function parseLiteral(Node $valueNode, ?array $variables = null): string
     {
         if ($valueNode instanceof StringValueNode && false !== \DateTime::createFromFormat(\DateTime::ATOM, $valueNode->value)) {
             return $valueNode->value;
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Security/AuthenticationEntryPoint.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Security/AuthenticationEntryPoint.php
index 7ce006e4e3e..fede8ac88d5 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Security/AuthenticationEntryPoint.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Security/AuthenticationEntryPoint.php
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly RouterInterface $router)
     {
     }
 
-    public function start(Request $request, AuthenticationException $authException = null): Response
+    public function start(Request $request, ?AuthenticationException $authException = null): Response
     {
         if ('html' === $request->getRequestFormat()) {
             return new RedirectResponse($this->router->generate('api_doc', [], UrlGeneratorInterface::ABSOLUTE_URL));
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php
index 7448d363f0b..0ded5422d5f 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/Serializer/ErrorNormalizer.php
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly NormalizerInterface $decorated)
     {
     }
 
-    public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject
+    public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): array|string|int|float|bool|\ArrayObject
     {
         $a = $this->decorated->normalize($object, $format, $context);
         $a['hello'] = 'world';
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context =
         return $a;
     }
 
-    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         if (\is_object($data) && $data instanceof TestException) {
             return true;
diff --git a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/State/DummyDtoNoOutputProcessor.php b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/State/DummyDtoNoOutputProcessor.php
index 214a689b4cf..fc0d67e7889 100644
--- a/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/State/DummyDtoNoOutputProcessor.php
+++ b/tests/Fixtures/TestBundle/State/DummyDtoNoOutputProcessor.php
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ public function __construct(private readonly ManagerRegistry $registry)
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
      */
-    public function process(mixed $data, Operation $operation = null, array $uriVariables = [], array $context = [])
+    public function process(mixed $data, ?Operation $operation = null, array $uriVariables = [], array $context = [])
     {
         $isOrm = true;
         $em = $this->registry->getManagerForClass(DummyDtoNoOutput::class);
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public function process(mixed $data, Operation $operation = null, array $uriVari
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
      */
-    public function supports($data, array $identifiers = [], string $operationName = null, array $context = []): bool
+    public function supports($data, array $identifiers = [], ?string $operationName = null, array $context = []): bool
     {
         return $data instanceof InputDto || $data instanceof InputDtoDocument;
     }
diff --git a/tests/Hydra/Serializer/CollectionFiltersNormalizerTest.php b/tests/Hydra/Serializer/CollectionFiltersNormalizerTest.php
index b82c8bb4d84..8efc4c978ae 100644
--- a/tests/Hydra/Serializer/CollectionFiltersNormalizerTest.php
+++ b/tests/Hydra/Serializer/CollectionFiltersNormalizerTest.php
@@ -335,12 +335,12 @@ public function testGetSupportedTypes(): void
         // TODO: use prophecy when getSupportedTypes() will be added to the interface
         $normalizer = new CollectionFiltersNormalizer(
             new class() implements NormalizerInterface {
-                public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): \ArrayObject|array|string|int|float|bool|null
+                public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): \ArrayObject|array|string|int|float|bool|null
                 {
                     return null;
                 }
 
-                public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+                public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
                 {
                     return true;
                 }
diff --git a/tests/Hydra/Serializer/PartialCollectionViewNormalizerTest.php b/tests/Hydra/Serializer/PartialCollectionViewNormalizerTest.php
index 8311de25783..55f23a4eb05 100644
--- a/tests/Hydra/Serializer/PartialCollectionViewNormalizerTest.php
+++ b/tests/Hydra/Serializer/PartialCollectionViewNormalizerTest.php
@@ -193,12 +193,12 @@ public function testGetSupportedTypes(): void
 
         // TODO: use prophecy when getSupportedTypes() will be added to the interface
         $normalizer = new PartialCollectionViewNormalizer(new class() implements NormalizerInterface {
-            public function normalize(mixed $object, string $format = null, array $context = []): \ArrayObject|array|string|int|float|bool|null
+            public function normalize(mixed $object, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): \ArrayObject|array|string|int|float|bool|null
             {
                 return null;
             }
 
-            public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
+            public function supportsNormalization(mixed $data, ?string $format = null, array $context = []): bool
             {
                 return true;
             }
diff --git a/tests/Symfony/Bundle/ArgumentResolver/PayloadArgumentResolverTest.php b/tests/Symfony/Bundle/ArgumentResolver/PayloadArgumentResolverTest.php
index c521ee024d8..fcd9e21b610 100644
--- a/tests/Symfony/Bundle/ArgumentResolver/PayloadArgumentResolverTest.php
+++ b/tests/Symfony/Bundle/ArgumentResolver/PayloadArgumentResolverTest.php
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ private static function createRequest(string $method, array $attributes): Reques
         return $request;
     }
 
-    private static function createArgumentMetadata(string $type = null, bool $isVariadic = false): ArgumentMetadata
+    private static function createArgumentMetadata(?string $type = null, bool $isVariadic = false): ArgumentMetadata
     {
         return new ArgumentMetadata('foo', $type, $isVariadic, false, null);
     }
diff --git a/tests/Symfony/Bundle/Command/DebugResourceCommandTest.php b/tests/Symfony/Bundle/Command/DebugResourceCommandTest.php
index 42004b587d6..ad5425669f1 100644
--- a/tests/Symfony/Bundle/Command/DebugResourceCommandTest.php
+++ b/tests/Symfony/Bundle/Command/DebugResourceCommandTest.php
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class DebugResourceCommandTest extends TestCase
 {
     use ProphecyTrait;
 
-    private function getCommandTester(DataDumperInterface $dumper = null): CommandTester
+    private function getCommandTester(?DataDumperInterface $dumper = null): CommandTester
     {
         $application = new Application();
         $application->setCatchExceptions(false);
diff --git a/tests/Symfony/Bundle/EventListener/SwaggerUiListenerTest.php b/tests/Symfony/Bundle/EventListener/SwaggerUiListenerTest.php
index 054a8dd6d5c..6387bcb46a8 100644
--- a/tests/Symfony/Bundle/EventListener/SwaggerUiListenerTest.php
+++ b/tests/Symfony/Bundle/EventListener/SwaggerUiListenerTest.php
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ class SwaggerUiListenerTest extends TestCase
     /**
      * @dataProvider getParameters
      */
-    public function testOnKernelRequest(Request $request, string $controller = null): void
+    public function testOnKernelRequest(Request $request, ?string $controller = null): void
     {
         $eventProphecy = $this->prophesize(RequestEvent::class);
         $eventProphecy->getRequest()->willReturn($request)->shouldBeCalled();
diff --git a/tests/Symfony/EventListener/DenyAccessListenerTest.php b/tests/Symfony/EventListener/DenyAccessListenerTest.php
index 5e4bb049a8c..62a9f3f2ce8 100644
--- a/tests/Symfony/EventListener/DenyAccessListenerTest.php
+++ b/tests/Symfony/EventListener/DenyAccessListenerTest.php
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ public function testSecurityComponentNotAvailable(): void
         $listener->onSecurity($event);
     }
 
-    private function getListener(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, ResourceAccessCheckerInterface $resourceAccessChecker = null): DenyAccessListener
+    private function getListener(ResourceMetadataCollectionFactoryInterface $resourceMetadataCollectionFactory, ?ResourceAccessCheckerInterface $resourceAccessChecker = null): DenyAccessListener
     {
         if (null === $resourceAccessChecker) {
             $resourceAccessChecker = $this->prophesize(ResourceAccessCheckerInterface::class)->reveal();
diff --git a/tests/Symfony/Routing/IriConverterTest.php b/tests/Symfony/Routing/IriConverterTest.php
index 25b4e8554d2..668bf0a42d7 100644
--- a/tests/Symfony/Routing/IriConverterTest.php
+++ b/tests/Symfony/Routing/IriConverterTest.php
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ private function getResourceClassResolver()
         return $resourceClassResolver->reveal();
     }
 
-    private function getIriConverter(ObjectProphecy $stateProviderProphecy = null, ObjectProphecy $routerProphecy = null, ObjectProphecy $identifiersExtractorProphecy = null, $resourceMetadataCollectionFactoryProphecy = null, $uriVariablesConverter = null, $decorated = null, ObjectProphecy $operationMetadataFactory = null): IriConverter
+    private function getIriConverter(?ObjectProphecy $stateProviderProphecy = null, ?ObjectProphecy $routerProphecy = null, ?ObjectProphecy $identifiersExtractorProphecy = null, $resourceMetadataCollectionFactoryProphecy = null, $uriVariablesConverter = null, $decorated = null, ?ObjectProphecy $operationMetadataFactory = null): IriConverter
     {
         if (!$stateProviderProphecy) {
             $stateProviderProphecy = $this->prophesize(ProviderInterface::class);
diff --git a/tests/Symfony/Validator/Metadata/ValidationExceptionListenerTest.php b/tests/Symfony/Validator/Metadata/ValidationExceptionListenerTest.php
index 395b07e9491..029d6bb126a 100644
--- a/tests/Symfony/Validator/Metadata/ValidationExceptionListenerTest.php
+++ b/tests/Symfony/Validator/Metadata/ValidationExceptionListenerTest.php
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public function testOnKernelValidationExceptionWithCustomStatus(): void
         $serializedConstraintViolationList = '{"foo": "bar"}';
         $constraintViolationList = new ConstraintViolationList([]);
         $exception = new class($constraintViolationList) extends BaseValidationException implements ConstraintViolationListAwareExceptionInterface {
-            public function __construct(private readonly ConstraintViolationListInterface $constraintViolationList, $message = '', $code = 0, \Throwable $previous = null)
+            public function __construct(private readonly ConstraintViolationListInterface $constraintViolationList, $message = '', $code = 0, ?\Throwable $previous = null)
             {
                 parent::__construct($message, $code, $previous);
             }