diff --git a/packages/server/src/ApolloServer.ts b/packages/server/src/ApolloServer.ts
index c2857ec3d9a..76d279f11fa 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/ApolloServer.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/ApolloServer.ts
@@ -1213,6 +1213,12 @@ export async function internalExecuteOperation<TContext extends BaseContext>({
   return requestContext.response;
 }
 
+// Unlike InternalPlugins (where we can decide whether to install the default
+// plugin based on looking at which plugins are installed),
+// ImplicitlyInstallablePlugins (ie the default landing page plugin) can't
+// determine if they're needed until later in startup. Specifically, we can't
+// know if we've defined our own landing page until after serverWillStart
+// plugins have run.
 export type ImplicitlyInstallablePlugin<TContext extends BaseContext> =
   ApolloServerPlugin<TContext> & {
     __internal_installed_implicitly__: boolean;
diff --git a/packages/server/src/__tests__/plugin/schemaReporting/computeCoreSchemaHash.test.ts b/packages/server/src/__tests__/utils/computeCoreSchemaHash.test.ts
similarity index 94%
rename from packages/server/src/__tests__/plugin/schemaReporting/computeCoreSchemaHash.test.ts
rename to packages/server/src/__tests__/utils/computeCoreSchemaHash.test.ts
index a70f15541f0..a52c692480d 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/__tests__/plugin/schemaReporting/computeCoreSchemaHash.test.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/__tests__/utils/computeCoreSchemaHash.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-import { computeCoreSchemaHash } from '../../../plugin/schemaReporting';
 import { printSchema, buildSchema } from 'graphql';
+import { computeCoreSchemaHash } from '../../utils/computeCoreSchemaHash.js';
 
 describe('Executable Schema Id', () => {
   const unsortedGQLSchemaDocument = `
diff --git a/packages/server/src/internalPlugin.ts b/packages/server/src/internalPlugin.ts
index 4315267af25..d5d92f90db7 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/internalPlugin.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/internalPlugin.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,16 @@ export interface InternalApolloServerPlugin<TContext extends BaseContext>
   __internal_plugin_id__(): InternalPluginId;
 }
 
+// Helper function for writing internal plugins which lets you write an object
+// that is type-checked as InternalApolloServerPlugin but is still only of type
+// ApolloServerPlugin (as appropriate for externally-exported plugin-returning
+// functions).
+export function internalPlugin<TContext extends BaseContext>(
+  p: InternalApolloServerPlugin<TContext>,
+): ApolloServerPlugin<TContext> {
+  return p;
+}
+
 export type InternalPluginId =
   | 'CacheControl'
   | 'LandingPageDisabled'
diff --git a/packages/server/src/plugin/cacheControl/index.ts b/packages/server/src/plugin/cacheControl/index.ts
index 04e593e8284..dc6107dadbb 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/plugin/cacheControl/index.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/plugin/cacheControl/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import type {
+  ApolloServerPlugin,
   BaseContext,
   CacheAnnotation,
   CacheHint,
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ import {
   responsePathAsArray,
 } from 'graphql';
 import { newCachePolicy } from '../../cachePolicy.js';
-import type { InternalApolloServerPlugin } from '../../internalPlugin';
+import { internalPlugin } from '../../internalPlugin.js';
 import LRUCache from 'lru-cache';
 
 export interface ApolloServerPluginCacheControlOptions {
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ export interface ApolloServerPluginCacheControlOptions {
 
 export function ApolloServerPluginCacheControl<TContext extends BaseContext>(
   options: ApolloServerPluginCacheControlOptions = Object.create(null),
-): InternalApolloServerPlugin<TContext> {
+): ApolloServerPlugin<TContext> {
   let typeAnnotationCache: LRUCache<GraphQLCompositeType, CacheAnnotation>;
 
   let fieldAnnotationCache: LRUCache<
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ export function ApolloServerPluginCacheControl<TContext extends BaseContext>(
     CacheAnnotation
   >;
 
-  return {
+  return internalPlugin({
     __internal_plugin_id__() {
       return 'CacheControl';
     },
@@ -267,7 +268,7 @@ export function ApolloServerPluginCacheControl<TContext extends BaseContext>(
         },
       };
     },
-  };
+  });
 }
 
 function cacheAnnotationFromDirectives(
diff --git a/packages/server/src/plugin/inlineTrace/index.ts b/packages/server/src/plugin/inlineTrace/index.ts
index 0ab5b8889ec..85c138dbad7 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/plugin/inlineTrace/index.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/plugin/inlineTrace/index.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 import { Trace } from '@apollo/usage-reporting-protobuf';
 import { TraceTreeBuilder } from '../traceTreeBuilder.js';
 import type { ApolloServerPluginUsageReportingOptions } from '../usageReporting/options';
-import type { InternalApolloServerPlugin } from '../../internalPlugin';
+import { internalPlugin } from '../../internalPlugin.js';
 import { schemaIsFederated } from '../schemaIsFederated.js';
-import type { BaseContext } from '../../externalTypes';
+import type { ApolloServerPlugin, BaseContext } from '../../externalTypes';
 
 export interface ApolloServerPluginInlineTraceOptions {
   /**
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ export interface ApolloServerPluginInlineTraceOptions {
 // usage reporting ingress.
 export function ApolloServerPluginInlineTrace<TContext extends BaseContext>(
   options: ApolloServerPluginInlineTraceOptions = Object.create(null),
-): InternalApolloServerPlugin<TContext> {
+): ApolloServerPlugin<TContext> {
   let enabled: boolean | null = options.__onlyIfSchemaIsFederated ? null : true;
-  return {
+  return internalPlugin({
     __internal_plugin_id__() {
       return 'InlineTrace';
     },
@@ -128,5 +128,5 @@ export function ApolloServerPluginInlineTrace<TContext extends BaseContext>(
         },
       };
     },
-  };
+  });
 }
diff --git a/packages/server/src/plugin/landingPage/default/index.ts b/packages/server/src/plugin/landingPage/default/index.ts
index 15a87fb6c84..e61047f0ccb 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/plugin/landingPage/default/index.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/plugin/landingPage/default/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { BaseContext } from '../../../externalTypes';
+import type { ApolloServerPlugin, BaseContext } from '../../../externalTypes';
 import type { ImplicitlyInstallablePlugin } from '../../../ApolloServer';
 import type {
   ApolloServerPluginLandingPageLocalDefaultOptions,
@@ -10,11 +10,16 @@ import {
   getEmbeddedSandboxHTML,
 } from './getEmbeddedHTML.js';
 
+export type {
+  ApolloServerPluginLandingPageLocalDefaultOptions,
+  ApolloServerPluginLandingPageProductionDefaultOptions,
+};
+
 export function ApolloServerPluginLandingPageLocalDefault<
   TContext extends BaseContext,
 >(
   options: ApolloServerPluginLandingPageLocalDefaultOptions = {},
-): ImplicitlyInstallablePlugin<TContext> {
+): ApolloServerPlugin<TContext> {
   const { version, __internal_apolloStudioEnv__, ...rest } = {
     // we default to Sandbox unless embed is specified as false
     embed: true as const,
@@ -31,7 +36,7 @@ export function ApolloServerPluginLandingPageProductionDefault<
   TContext extends BaseContext,
 >(
   options: ApolloServerPluginLandingPageProductionDefaultOptions = {},
-): ImplicitlyInstallablePlugin<TContext> {
+): ApolloServerPlugin<TContext> {
   const { version, __internal_apolloStudioEnv__, ...rest } = options;
   return ApolloServerPluginLandingPageDefault(version, {
     isProd: true,
diff --git a/packages/server/src/plugin/schemaReporting/index.ts b/packages/server/src/plugin/schemaReporting/index.ts
index 96a157545c1..5ad21e37724 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/plugin/schemaReporting/index.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/plugin/schemaReporting/index.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-import { createHash } from '@apollo/utils.createhash';
 import os from 'os';
-import type { InternalApolloServerPlugin } from '../../internalPlugin';
+import { internalPlugin } from '../../internalPlugin.js';
 import { v4 as uuidv4 } from 'uuid';
 import { printSchema, validateSchema, buildSchema } from 'graphql';
 import { SchemaReporter } from './schemaReporter.js';
 import { schemaIsFederated } from '../schemaIsFederated.js';
 import type { SchemaReport } from './generated/operations';
-import type { BaseContext } from '../../externalTypes';
+import type { ApolloServerPlugin, BaseContext } from '../../externalTypes';
 import type { Fetcher } from '@apollo/utils.fetcher';
 import { packageVersion } from '../../generated/packageVersion.js';
+import { computeCoreSchemaHash } from '../../utils/computeCoreSchemaHash.js';
 
 export interface ApolloServerPluginSchemaReportingOptions {
   /**
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ export function ApolloServerPluginSchemaReporting<TContext extends BaseContext>(
     endpointUrl,
     fetcher,
   }: ApolloServerPluginSchemaReportingOptions = Object.create(null),
-): InternalApolloServerPlugin<TContext> {
+): ApolloServerPlugin<TContext> {
   const bootId = uuidv4();
 
-  return {
+  return internalPlugin({
     __internal_plugin_id__() {
       return 'SchemaReporting';
     },
@@ -196,9 +196,5 @@ export function ApolloServerPluginSchemaReporting<TContext extends BaseContext>(
         },
       };
     },
-  };
-}
-
-export function computeCoreSchemaHash(schema: string): string {
-  return createHash('sha256').update(schema).digest('hex');
+  });
 }
diff --git a/packages/server/src/plugin/usageReporting/plugin.ts b/packages/server/src/plugin/usageReporting/plugin.ts
index 624ba5e4b12..ec84eba8d9f 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/plugin/usageReporting/plugin.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/plugin/usageReporting/plugin.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import fetch from 'node-fetch';
 import os from 'os';
 import { gzip } from 'zlib';
 import type {
+  ApolloServerPlugin,
   BaseContext,
   GraphQLRequestContext,
   GraphQLRequestContextDidResolveOperation,
@@ -19,9 +20,8 @@ import type {
   GraphQLRequestListener,
   GraphQLServerListener,
 } from '../../externalTypes';
-import type { InternalApolloServerPlugin } from '../../internalPlugin';
+import { internalPlugin } from '../../internalPlugin.js';
 import type { HeaderMap } from '../../runHttpQuery';
-import { computeCoreSchemaHash } from '../schemaReporting/index.js';
 import { dateToProtoTimestamp, TraceTreeBuilder } from '../traceTreeBuilder.js';
 import { defaultSendOperationsAsTrace } from './defaultSendOperationsAsTrace.js';
 import {
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import type {
 import { OurReport } from './stats.js';
 import { makeTraceDetails } from './traceDetails.js';
 import { packageVersion } from '../../generated/packageVersion.js';
+import { computeCoreSchemaHash } from '../../utils/computeCoreSchemaHash.js';
 
 const reportHeaderDefaults = {
   hostname: os.hostname(),
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ export function ApolloServerPluginUsageReporting<TContext extends BaseContext>(
   options: ApolloServerPluginUsageReportingOptions<TContext> = Object.create(
     null,
   ),
-): InternalApolloServerPlugin<TContext> {
+): ApolloServerPlugin<TContext> {
   // Note: We'd like to change the default to false in Apollo Server 4, so that
   // the default usage reporting experience doesn't include *anything* that
   // could potentially be PII (like error messages) --- just operations and
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ export function ApolloServerPluginUsageReporting<TContext extends BaseContext>(
   let requestDidStartHandler: (
     requestContext: GraphQLRequestContext<TContext>,
   ) => GraphQLRequestListener<TContext>;
-  return {
+  return internalPlugin({
     __internal_plugin_id__() {
       return 'UsageReporting';
     },
@@ -777,7 +778,7 @@ export function ApolloServerPluginUsageReporting<TContext extends BaseContext>(
         },
       };
     },
-  };
+  });
 }
 
 export function makeHTTPRequestHeaders(
diff --git a/packages/server/src/standalone/index.ts b/packages/server/src/standalone/index.ts
index 45d06f95610..82bfb87adeb 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/standalone/index.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/standalone/index.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export interface StandaloneServerContextFunctionArgument {
   res: ServerResponse;
 }
 
-interface HTTPServerOptions<TContext extends BaseContext> {
+export interface StartStandaloneServerOptions<TContext extends BaseContext> {
   context?: ContextFunction<
     [StandaloneServerContextFunctionArgument],
     TContext
@@ -32,17 +32,19 @@ interface HTTPServerOptions<TContext extends BaseContext> {
 
 export async function startStandaloneServer(
   server: ApolloServer<BaseContext>,
-  options?: HTTPServerOptions<BaseContext> & { listen?: ListenOptions },
+  options?: StartStandaloneServerOptions<BaseContext> & {
+    listen?: ListenOptions;
+  },
 ): Promise<{ url: string }>;
 export async function startStandaloneServer<TContext extends BaseContext>(
   server: ApolloServer<TContext>,
-  options: WithRequired<HTTPServerOptions<TContext>, 'context'> & {
+  options: WithRequired<StartStandaloneServerOptions<TContext>, 'context'> & {
     listen?: ListenOptions;
   },
 ): Promise<{ url: string }>;
 export async function startStandaloneServer<TContext extends BaseContext>(
   server: ApolloServer<TContext>,
-  options?: HTTPServerOptions<TContext> & { listen?: ListenOptions },
+  options?: StartStandaloneServerOptions<TContext> & { listen?: ListenOptions },
 ): Promise<{ url: string }> {
   const app: express.Express = express();
   const httpServer: http.Server = http.createServer(app);
diff --git a/packages/server/src/utils/computeCoreSchemaHash.ts b/packages/server/src/utils/computeCoreSchemaHash.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e4494ec51a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/server/src/utils/computeCoreSchemaHash.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createHash } from '@apollo/utils.createhash';
+
+// This hash function is used in both the schema reporting and usage reporting
+// plugins. Making sure we use the same hash function hypothetically allows the
+// two reporting features to work well together, though in practice nothing on
+// the Studio side currently correlates this ID across both features.
+export function computeCoreSchemaHash(schema: string): string {
+  return createHash('sha256').update(schema).digest('hex');
+}