Preserve symlinks when creating virtual environments

crates/uv-build-frontend/Cargo.toml

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ doctest = false
 workspace = true
 
 [dependencies]
+uv-cache = { workspace = true }
 uv-configuration = { workspace = true }
 uv-distribution = { workspace = true }
 uv-distribution-types = { workspace = true }

crates/uv-build-frontend/src/lib.rs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ use tokio::io::AsyncBufReadExt;
 use tokio::process::Command;
 use tokio::sync::{Mutex, Semaphore};
 use tracing::{debug, info_span, instrument, Instrument};
-
+use uv_cache::Cache;
 use uv_configuration::{BuildKind, BuildOutput, ConfigSettings, LowerBound, SourceStrategy};
 use uv_distribution::RequiresDist;
 use uv_distribution_types::{IndexLocations, Resolution};
@@ -260,6 +260,7 @@ impl SourceBuild {
         mut environment_variables: FxHashMap<OsString, OsString>,
         level: BuildOutput,
         concurrent_builds: usize,
+        cache: &Cache,
     ) -> Result<Self, Error> {
         let temp_dir = build_context.cache().environment()?;
 
@@ -306,6 +307,7 @@ impl SourceBuild {
                 false,
                 false,
                 false,
+                cache,
             )?
         };
 

crates/uv-dispatch/src/lib.rs

@@ -368,6 +368,7 @@ impl<'a> BuildContext for BuildDispatch<'a> {
             self.build_extra_env_vars.clone(),
             build_output,
             self.concurrency.builds,
+            self.cache,
         )
         .boxed_local()
         .await?;

crates/uv-fs/src/path.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use std::borrow::Cow;
+use std::io;
 use std::path::{Component, Path, PathBuf};
 use std::sync::LazyLock;
 
@@ -236,7 +237,7 @@ pub fn normalize_path(path: &Path) -> PathBuf {
 }
 
 /// Like `fs_err::canonicalize`, but avoids attempting to resolve symlinks on Windows.
-pub fn canonicalize_executable(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> std::io::Result<PathBuf> {
+pub fn canonicalize_executable(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> io::Result<PathBuf> {
     let path = path.as_ref();
     debug_assert!(
         path.is_absolute(),
@@ -250,6 +251,24 @@ pub fn canonicalize_executable(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> std::io::Result<PathBu
     }
 }
 
+/// Resolve a symlink for an executable. Unlike `fs_err::canonicalize`, this does not resolve
+/// symlinks recursively.
+pub fn read_executable_link(executable: &Path) -> Result<Option<PathBuf>, io::Error> {
+    let Ok(link) = executable.read_link() else {
+        return Ok(None);
+    };
+    if link.is_absolute() {
+        Ok(Some(link))
+    } else {
+        executable
+            .parent()
+            .map(|parent| parent.join(link))
+            .as_deref()
+            .map(normalize_absolute_path)
+            .transpose()
+    }
+}
+
 /// Compute a path describing `path` relative to `base`.
 ///
 /// `lib/python/site-packages/foo/__init__.py` and `lib/python/site-packages` -> `foo/__init__.py`

crates/uv-tool/src/lib.rs

@@ -241,6 +241,7 @@ impl InstalledTools {
         &self,
         name: &PackageName,
         interpreter: Interpreter,
+        cache: &Cache,
     ) -> Result<PythonEnvironment, Error> {
         let environment_path = self.tool_dir(name);
 
@@ -270,6 +271,7 @@ impl InstalledTools {
             false,
             false,
             false,
+            cache,
         )?;
 
         Ok(venv)

crates/uv-virtualenv/Cargo.toml

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ doctest = false
 workspace = true
 
 [dependencies]
+uv-cache = { workspace = true }
 uv-fs = { workspace = true }
 uv-platform-tags = { workspace = true }
 uv-pypi-types = { workspace = true }

crates/uv-virtualenv/src/lib.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use std::io;
 use std::path::Path;
 
 use thiserror::Error;
-
+use uv_cache::Cache;
 use uv_platform_tags::PlatformError;
 use uv_python::{Interpreter, PythonEnvironment};
 
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ mod virtualenv;
 pub enum Error {
     #[error(transparent)]
     Io(#[from] io::Error),
+    #[error(transparent)]
+    Interpreter(#[from] uv_python::InterpreterError),
     #[error("Failed to determine Python interpreter to use")]
     Discovery(#[from] uv_python::DiscoveryError),
     #[error("Failed to determine Python interpreter to use")]
@@ -55,6 +57,7 @@ pub fn create_venv(
     allow_existing: bool,
     relocatable: bool,
     seed: bool,
+    cache: &Cache,
 ) -> Result<PythonEnvironment, Error> {
     // Create the virtualenv at the given location.
     let virtualenv = virtualenv::create(
@@ -65,6 +68,7 @@ pub fn create_venv(
         allow_existing,
         relocatable,
         seed,
+        cache,
     )?;
 
     // Create the corresponding `PythonEnvironment`.

crates/uv-virtualenv/src/virtualenv.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use fs_err as fs;
 use fs_err::File;
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use tracing::debug;
-
+use uv_cache::Cache;
 use uv_fs::{cachedir, Simplified, CWD};
 use uv_pypi_types::Scheme;
 use uv_python::{Interpreter, VirtualEnvironment};
@@ -52,15 +52,40 @@ pub(crate) fn create(
     allow_existing: bool,
     relocatable: bool,
     seed: bool,
+    cache: &Cache,
 ) -> Result<VirtualEnvironment, Error> {
     // Determine the base Python executable; that is, the Python executable that should be
     // considered the "base" for the virtual environment. This is typically the Python executable
     // from the [`Interpreter`]; however, if the interpreter is a virtual environment itself, then
     // the base Python executable is the Python executable of the interpreter's base interpreter.
     let base_python = if cfg!(unix) {
-        // On Unix, follow symlinks to resolve the base interpreter, since the Python executable in
-        // a virtual environment is a symlink to the base interpreter.
-        uv_fs::canonicalize_executable(interpreter.sys_executable())?
+        // If we're in virtual environment, resolve symlinks until we find a non-virtual interpreter.
+        if interpreter.is_virtualenv() {
+            if let Some(base_executable) =
+                uv_fs::read_executable_link(interpreter.sys_executable())?
+            {
+                let mut base_interpreter = Interpreter::query(base_executable, cache)?;
+                while base_interpreter.is_virtualenv() {
+                    let Some(base_executable) =
+                        uv_fs::read_executable_link(base_interpreter.sys_executable())?
+                    else {
+                        break;
+                    };
+                    base_interpreter = Interpreter::query(base_executable, cache)?;
+                }
+                base_interpreter.sys_executable().to_path_buf()
+            } else {
+                // If the interpreter isn't a symlink, use `sys._base_executable` or, as a last
+                // resort, `sys.executable`.
+                if let Some(base_executable) = interpreter.sys_base_executable() {
+                    base_executable.to_path_buf()
+                } else {
+                    interpreter.sys_executable().to_path_buf()
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            interpreter.sys_executable().to_path_buf()
+        }
     } else if cfg!(windows) {
         // On Windows, follow `virtualenv`. If we're in a virtual environment, use
         // `sys._base_executable` if it exists; if not, use `sys.base_prefix`. For example, with

crates/uv/src/commands/project/environment.rs

@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@ impl CachedEnvironment {
             false,
             true,
             false,
+            cache,
         )?;
 
         sync_environment(

crates/uv/src/commands/project/mod.rs

@@ -593,6 +593,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn get_or_init_environment(
                 false,
                 false,
                 false,
+                cache,
             )?)
         }
     }

crates/uv/src/commands/project/run.rs

@@ -313,6 +313,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn run(
                 false,
                 false,
                 false,
+                cache,
             )?;
 
             Some(environment.into_interpreter())
@@ -511,6 +512,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn run(
                     false,
                     false,
                     false,
+                    cache,
                 )?
             } else {
                 // If we're not isolating the environment, reuse the base environment for the
@@ -658,6 +660,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn run(
                     false,
                     false,
                     false,
+                    cache,
                 )?;
                 venv.into_interpreter()
             } else {
@@ -707,6 +710,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn run(
                     false,
                     false,
                     false,
+                    cache,
                 )?
             }
             Some(spec) => {

crates/uv/src/commands/tool/install.rs

@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn install(
         )
         .await?;
 
-        let environment = installed_tools.create_environment(&from.name, interpreter)?;
+        let environment = installed_tools.create_environment(&from.name, interpreter, &cache)?;
 
         // At this point, we removed any existing environment, so we should remove any of its
         // executables.

crates/uv/src/commands/tool/upgrade.rs

@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ async fn upgrade_tool(
         )
         .await?;
 
-        let environment = installed_tools.create_environment(name, interpreter.clone())?;
+        let environment = installed_tools.create_environment(name, interpreter.clone(), cache)?;
 
         let environment = sync_environment(
             environment,

crates/uv/src/commands/venv.rs

@@ -270,6 +270,7 @@ async fn venv_impl(
         allow_existing,
         relocatable,
         seed,
+        cache,
     )
     .map_err(VenvError::Creation)?;