diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/flight/sql/client.cc b/cpp/src/arrow/flight/sql/client.cc
index a914a0587cc5c..0e9768b9887ab 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/flight/sql/client.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/flight/sql/client.cc
@@ -213,22 +213,19 @@ arrow::Result<int64_t> FlightSqlClient::ExecuteUpdate(const FlightCallOptions& o
   ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(FlightDescriptor descriptor,
                         GetFlightDescriptorForCommand(command));
 
-  std::unique_ptr<FlightStreamWriter> writer;
-  std::unique_ptr<FlightMetadataReader> reader;
-
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(DoPut(options, descriptor, arrow::schema({}), &writer, &reader));
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto result, DoPut(options, descriptor, arrow::schema({})))
   std::shared_ptr<Buffer> metadata;
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(reader->ReadMetadata(&metadata));
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(writer->Close());
+  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(result.reader->ReadMetadata(&metadata));
+  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(result.writer->Close());
 
   if (!metadata) return Status::IOError("Server did not send a response");
 
-  flight_sql_pb::DoPutUpdateResult result;
-  if (!result.ParseFromArray(metadata->data(), static_cast<int>(metadata->size()))) {
+  flight_sql_pb::DoPutUpdateResult update_result;
+  if (!update_result.ParseFromArray(metadata->data(), static_cast<int>(metadata->size()))) {
     return Status::Invalid("Unable to parse DoPutUpdateResult");
   }
 
-  return result.record_count();
+  return update_result.record_count();
 }
 
 arrow::Result<int64_t> FlightSqlClient::ExecuteSubstraitUpdate(
@@ -243,21 +240,18 @@ arrow::Result<int64_t> FlightSqlClient::ExecuteSubstraitUpdate(
   ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(FlightDescriptor descriptor,
                         GetFlightDescriptorForCommand(command));
 
-  std::unique_ptr<FlightStreamWriter> writer;
-  std::unique_ptr<FlightMetadataReader> reader;
-
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(DoPut(options, descriptor, arrow::schema({}), &writer, &reader));
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto result, DoPut(options, descriptor, arrow::schema({})));
 
   std::shared_ptr<Buffer> metadata;
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(reader->ReadMetadata(&metadata));
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(writer->Close());
+  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(result.reader->ReadMetadata(&metadata));
+  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(result.writer->Close());
 
-  flight_sql_pb::DoPutUpdateResult result;
-  if (!result.ParseFromArray(metadata->data(), static_cast<int>(metadata->size()))) {
+  flight_sql_pb::DoPutUpdateResult update_result;
+  if (!update_result.ParseFromArray(metadata->data(), static_cast<int>(metadata->size()))) {
     return Status::Invalid("Unable to parse DoPutUpdateResult");
   }
 
-  return result.record_count();
+  return update_result.record_count();
 }
 
 arrow::Result<std::unique_ptr<FlightInfo>> FlightSqlClient::GetCatalogs(
@@ -478,10 +472,7 @@ arrow::Result<std::unique_ptr<SchemaResult>> FlightSqlClient::GetSqlInfoSchema(
 
 arrow::Result<std::unique_ptr<FlightStreamReader>> FlightSqlClient::DoGet(
     const FlightCallOptions& options, const Ticket& ticket) {
-  std::unique_ptr<FlightStreamReader> stream;
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(DoGet(options, ticket, &stream));
-
-  return std::move(stream);
+  return impl_->DoGet(options, ticket);
 }
 
 arrow::Result<std::shared_ptr<PreparedStatement>> FlightSqlClient::Prepare(
@@ -493,9 +484,8 @@ arrow::Result<std::shared_ptr<PreparedStatement>> FlightSqlClient::Prepare(
     request.set_transaction_id(transaction.transaction_id());
   }
 
-  std::unique_ptr<ResultStream> results;
   ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto action, PackAction("CreatePreparedStatement", request));
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(DoAction(options, action, &results));
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto results, DoAction(options, action))
 
   return PreparedStatement::ParseResponse(this, std::move(results));
 }
@@ -509,9 +499,8 @@ arrow::Result<std::shared_ptr<PreparedStatement>> FlightSqlClient::PrepareSubstr
     request.set_transaction_id(transaction.transaction_id());
   }
 
-  std::unique_ptr<ResultStream> results;
   ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto action, PackAction("CreatePreparedSubstraitPlan", request));
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(DoAction(options, action, &results));
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto results, DoAction(options, action))
 
   return PreparedStatement::ParseResponse(this, std::move(results));
 }
@@ -657,9 +646,8 @@ Status PreparedStatement::Close(const FlightCallOptions& options) {
   flight_sql_pb::ActionClosePreparedStatementRequest request;
   request.set_prepared_statement_handle(handle_);
 
-  std::unique_ptr<ResultStream> results;
   ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto action, PackAction("ClosePreparedStatement", request));
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(client_->DoAction(options, action, &results));
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto results, client_->DoAction(options, action));
   ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(results->Drain());
 
   is_closed_ = true;
@@ -670,9 +658,8 @@ ::arrow::Result<Transaction> FlightSqlClient::BeginTransaction(
     const FlightCallOptions& options) {
   flight_sql_pb::ActionBeginTransactionRequest request;
 
-  std::unique_ptr<ResultStream> results;
   ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto action, PackAction("BeginTransaction", request));
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(DoAction(options, action, &results));
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto results, DoAction(options, action));
 
   flight_sql_pb::ActionBeginTransactionResult transaction;
   ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(ReadResult(results.get(), &transaction));
@@ -695,9 +682,8 @@ ::arrow::Result<Savepoint> FlightSqlClient::BeginSavepoint(
   request.set_transaction_id(transaction.transaction_id());
   request.set_name(name);
 
-  std::unique_ptr<ResultStream> results;
   ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto action, PackAction("BeginSavepoint", request));
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(DoAction(options, action, &results));
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto results, DoAction(options, action));
 
   flight_sql_pb::ActionBeginSavepointResult savepoint;
   ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(ReadResult(results.get(), &savepoint));
@@ -719,9 +705,8 @@ Status FlightSqlClient::Commit(const FlightCallOptions& options,
   request.set_transaction_id(transaction.transaction_id());
   request.set_action(flight_sql_pb::ActionEndTransactionRequest::END_TRANSACTION_COMMIT);
 
-  std::unique_ptr<ResultStream> results;
   ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto action, PackAction("EndTransaction", request));
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(DoAction(options, action, &results));
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto results, DoAction(options, action));
 
   ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(results->Drain());
   return Status::OK();
@@ -737,9 +722,8 @@ Status FlightSqlClient::Release(const FlightCallOptions& options,
   request.set_savepoint_id(savepoint.savepoint_id());
   request.set_action(flight_sql_pb::ActionEndSavepointRequest::END_SAVEPOINT_RELEASE);
 
-  std::unique_ptr<ResultStream> results;
   ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto action, PackAction("EndSavepoint", request));
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(DoAction(options, action, &results));
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto results, DoAction(options, action));
 
   ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(results->Drain());
   return Status::OK();
@@ -756,9 +740,8 @@ Status FlightSqlClient::Rollback(const FlightCallOptions& options,
   request.set_action(
       flight_sql_pb::ActionEndTransactionRequest::END_TRANSACTION_ROLLBACK);
 
-  std::unique_ptr<ResultStream> results;
   ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto action, PackAction("EndTransaction", request));
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(DoAction(options, action, &results));
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto results, DoAction(options, action));
 
   ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(results->Drain());
   return Status::OK();
@@ -774,9 +757,8 @@ Status FlightSqlClient::Rollback(const FlightCallOptions& options,
   request.set_savepoint_id(savepoint.savepoint_id());
   request.set_action(flight_sql_pb::ActionEndSavepointRequest::END_SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK);
 
-  std::unique_ptr<ResultStream> results;
   ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto action, PackAction("EndSavepoint", request));
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(DoAction(options, action, &results));
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto results, DoAction(options, action));
 
   ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(results->Drain());
   return Status::OK();
@@ -788,9 +770,8 @@ ::arrow::Result<CancelResult> FlightSqlClient::CancelQuery(
   ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto serialized_info, info.SerializeToString());
   request.set_info(std::move(serialized_info));
 
-  std::unique_ptr<ResultStream> results;
   ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto action, PackAction("CancelQuery", request));
-  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(DoAction(options, action, &results));
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto results, DoAction(options, action))
 
   flight_sql_pb::ActionCancelQueryResult result;
   ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(ReadResult(results.get(), &result));
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/flight/sql/client.h b/cpp/src/arrow/flight/sql/client.h
index 812b5ffb58333..7409f40d561f5 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/flight/sql/client.h
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/flight/sql/client.h
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ class ARROW_FLIGHT_SQL_EXPORT FlightSqlClient {
   /// \param[in] options Per-RPC options
   /// \param[in] ticket The flight ticket to use
   /// \return The returned RecordBatchReader
-  arrow::Result<std::unique_ptr<FlightStreamReader>> DoGet(
+  virtual arrow::Result<std::unique_ptr<FlightStreamReader>> DoGet(
       const FlightCallOptions& options, const Ticket& ticket);
 
   /// \brief Request a list of tables.
@@ -364,25 +364,14 @@ class ARROW_FLIGHT_SQL_EXPORT FlightSqlClient {
   Status Close();
 
  protected:
-  virtual Status DoPut(const FlightCallOptions& options,
+  virtual ::arrow::Result<FlightClient::DoPutResult> DoPut(const FlightCallOptions& options,
                        const FlightDescriptor& descriptor,
-                       const std::shared_ptr<Schema>& schema,
-                       std::unique_ptr<FlightStreamWriter>* writer,
-                       std::unique_ptr<FlightMetadataReader>* reader) {
-    ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto result, impl_->DoPut(options, descriptor, schema));
-    *writer = std::move(result.writer);
-    *reader = std::move(result.reader);
-    return Status::OK();
+                       const std::shared_ptr<Schema>& schema) {
+    return impl_->DoPut(options, descriptor, schema);
   }
 
-  virtual Status DoGet(const FlightCallOptions& options, const Ticket& ticket,
-                       std::unique_ptr<FlightStreamReader>* stream) {
-    return impl_->DoGet(options, ticket).Value(stream);
-  }
-
-  virtual Status DoAction(const FlightCallOptions& options, const Action& action,
-                          std::unique_ptr<ResultStream>* results) {
-    return impl_->DoAction(options, action).Value(results);
+  virtual ::arrow::Result<std::unique_ptr<ResultStream>> DoAction(const FlightCallOptions& options, const Action& action) {
+    return impl_->DoAction(options, action);
   }
 };