diff --git a/UPGRADE.md b/UPGRADE.md
index 2847c786413..50c03220e57 100644
--- a/UPGRADE.md
+++ b/UPGRADE.md
@@ -1,3 +1,48 @@
+# Upgrade to DEVELOP
+
+## BC BREAK: the PDO symbols are no longer part of the DBAL API
+
+1. The support of `PDO::PARAM_*`, `PDO::FETCH_*`, `PDO::CASE_*` and `PDO::PARAM_INPUT_OUTPUT` constants in the DBAL API is removed.
+2. `\Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOStatement` does not extend `\PDOStatement` anymore.
+
+Before:
+
+    use Doctrine\DBAL\Portability\Connection;
+
+    $params = array(
+        'wrapperClass' => Connection::class,
+        'fetch_case' => PDO::CASE_LOWER,
+    );
+
+    $stmt->bindValue(1, 1, PDO::PARAM_INT);
+    $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_COLUMN);
+
+After:
+
+    use Doctrine\DBAL\ColumnCase;
+    use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
+    use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
+    use Doctrine\DBAL\Portability\Connection;
+
+    $params = array(
+        'wrapperClass' => Connection::class,
+        'fetch_case' => ColumnCase::LOWER,
+    );
+
+    $stmt->bindValue(1, 1, ParameterType::INTEGER);
+    $stmt->fetchAll(FetchMode::COLUMN);
+
+# Upgrade to UNRELEASED
+
+## DEPRECATION: direct usage of the PDO APIs in the DBAL API
+
+1. When calling `Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement` methods, instead of `PDO::PARAM_*` constants, `Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType` constants should be used.
+2. When calling `Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\ResultStatement` methods, instead of `PDO::FETCH_*` constants, `Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode` constants should be used.
+3. When configuring `Doctrine\DBAL\Portability\Connection`, instead of `PDO::CASE_*` constants, `Doctrine\DBAL\ColumnCase` constants should be used.
+4. Usage of `PDO::PARAM_INPUT_OUTPUT` in `Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement::bindValue()` is deprecated.
+5. Usage of `PDO::FETCH_FUNC` in `Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\ResultStatement::fetch()` is deprecated.
+6. Calls to `\PDOStatement` methods on a `\Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOStatement` instance (e.g. `fetchObject()`) are deprecated.
+
 # Upgrade to 2.6
 
 ## MINOR BC BREAK: `fetch()` and `fetchAll()` method signatures in `Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\ResultStatement`
diff --git a/composer.json b/composer.json
index 53f02f1326e..bf21bda1c26 100644
--- a/composer.json
+++ b/composer.json
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
     ],
     "require": {
         "php": "^7.2",
-        "ext-pdo": "*",
         "doctrine/common": "^2.7.1"
     },
     "require-dev": {
diff --git a/docs/en/reference/data-retrieval-and-manipulation.rst b/docs/en/reference/data-retrieval-and-manipulation.rst
index 404e8c47282..31397a532b9 100644
--- a/docs/en/reference/data-retrieval-and-manipulation.rst
+++ b/docs/en/reference/data-retrieval-and-manipulation.rst
@@ -180,13 +180,13 @@ Binding Types
 -------------
 
 Doctrine DBAL extends PDOs handling of binding types in prepared statements
-considerably. Besides the well known ``\PDO::PARAM_*`` constants you
+considerably. Besides ``Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType`` constants, you
 can make use of two very powerful additional features.
 
 Doctrine\DBAL\Types Conversion
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-If you don't specify an integer (through a ``PDO::PARAM*`` constant) to
+If you don't specify an integer (through one of ``Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType`` constants) to
 any of the parameter binding methods but a string, Doctrine DBAL will
 ask the type abstraction layer to convert the passed value from
 its PHP to a database representation. This way you can pass ``\DateTime``
@@ -271,7 +271,14 @@ be specified as well:
     // Same SQL WITHOUT usage of Doctrine\DBAL\Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY
     $stmt = $conn->executeQuery('SELECT * FROM articles WHERE id IN (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)',
         array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6),
-        array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT)
+        array(
+            ParameterType::INTEGER,
+            ParameterType::INTEGER,
+            ParameterType::INTEGER,
+            ParameterType::INTEGER,
+            ParameterType::INTEGER,
+            ParameterType::INTEGER,
+        )
     );
 
 This is much more complicated and is ugly to write generically.
@@ -469,8 +476,11 @@ Quote a value:
 .. code-block:: php
 
     <?php
+
+    use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
+
     $quoted = $conn->quote('value');
-    $quoted = $conn->quote('1234', \PDO::PARAM_INT);
+    $quoted = $conn->quote('1234', ParameterType::INTEGER);
 
 quoteIdentifier()
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
diff --git a/docs/en/reference/known-vendor-issues.rst b/docs/en/reference/known-vendor-issues.rst
index d27fe30789f..09c44aeb8f2 100644
--- a/docs/en/reference/known-vendor-issues.rst
+++ b/docs/en/reference/known-vendor-issues.rst
@@ -187,6 +187,6 @@ The ``PDO_SQLSRV`` driver currently has a bug when binding values to
 VARBINARY/BLOB columns with ``bindValue`` in prepared statements.
 This raises an implicit conversion from data type error as it tries
 to convert a character type value to a binary type value even if
-you explicitly define the value as ``\PDO::PARAM_LOB`` type.
+you explicitly define the value as ``ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT`` type.
 Therefore it is highly encouraged to use the native ``sqlsrv``
 driver instead which does not have this limitation.
diff --git a/docs/en/reference/portability.rst b/docs/en/reference/portability.rst
index a69b59f5bca..ea1800b5875 100644
--- a/docs/en/reference/portability.rst
+++ b/docs/en/reference/portability.rst
@@ -51,12 +51,16 @@ Using the following code block in your initialization will:
 .. code-block:: php
 
     <?php
+
+    use Doctrine\DBAL\ColumnCase;
+    use Doctrine\DBAL\Portability\Connection as PortableConnection;
+
     $params = array(
         // vendor specific configuration
         //...
-        'wrapperClass' => 'Doctrine\DBAL\Portability\Connection',
-        'portability' => \Doctrine\DBAL\Portability\Connection::PORTABILITY_ALL,
-        'fetch_case' => \PDO::CASE_LOWER,
+        'wrapperClass' => PortableConnection::class,
+        'portability'  => PortableConnection::PORTABILITY_ALL,
+        'fetch_case'   => PortableConnection::LOWER,
     );
 
 This sort of portability handling is pretty expensive because all the result
@@ -80,4 +84,4 @@ This functionality is only implemented with Doctrine 2.1 upwards.
 Doctrine ships with lists of keywords for every supported vendor. You
 can access a keyword list through the schema manager of the vendor you
 are currently using or just instantiating it from the ``Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\Keywords``
-namespace.
\ No newline at end of file
+namespace.
diff --git a/docs/en/reference/security.rst b/docs/en/reference/security.rst
index e8a01f0b7ec..82f159c87fb 100644
--- a/docs/en/reference/security.rst
+++ b/docs/en/reference/security.rst
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ the ``Connection#quote`` method:
 
     <?php
     // Parameter quoting
-    $sql = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = " . $connection->quote($_GET['username'], \PDO::PARAM_STR);
+    $sql = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = " . $connection->quote($_GET['username']);
 
 This method is only available for SQL, not for DQL. For DQL you are always encouraged to use prepared
-statements not only for security, but also for caching reasons.
\ No newline at end of file
+statements not only for security, but also for caching reasons.
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Cache/ArrayStatement.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Cache/ArrayStatement.php
index 7e8a46766e6..d24e98bc96c 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Cache/ArrayStatement.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Cache/ArrayStatement.php
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Cache;
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\ResultStatement;
-use PDO;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
 
 class ArrayStatement implements \IteratorAggregate, ResultStatement
 {
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class ArrayStatement implements \IteratorAggregate, ResultStatement
     /**
      * @var integer
      */
-    private $defaultFetchMode = PDO::FETCH_BOTH;
+    private $defaultFetchMode = FetchMode::MIXED;
 
     /**
      * @param array $data
@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ public function columnCount()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg2 = null, $arg3 = null)
+    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, ...$args)
     {
-        if ($arg2 !== null || $arg3 !== null) {
+        if (count($args) > 0) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException("Caching layer does not support 2nd/3rd argument to setFetchMode()");
         }
 
@@ -81,34 +81,41 @@ public function getIterator()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT, $cursorOffset = 0)
+    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
-        if (isset($this->data[$this->num])) {
-            $row = $this->data[$this->num++];
-            $fetchMode = $fetchMode ?: $this->defaultFetchMode;
-            if ($fetchMode === PDO::FETCH_ASSOC) {
-                return $row;
-            } elseif ($fetchMode === PDO::FETCH_NUM) {
-                return array_values($row);
-            } elseif ($fetchMode === PDO::FETCH_BOTH) {
-                return array_merge($row, array_values($row));
-            } elseif ($fetchMode === PDO::FETCH_COLUMN) {
-                return reset($row);
-            } else {
-                throw new \InvalidArgumentException("Invalid fetch-style given for fetching result.");
-            }
+        if ( ! isset($this->data[$this->num])) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $row       = $this->data[$this->num++];
+        $fetchMode = $fetchMode ?: $this->defaultFetchMode;
+
+        if ($fetchMode === FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE) {
+            return $row;
+        }
+
+        if ($fetchMode === FetchMode::NUMERIC) {
+            return array_values($row);
         }
 
-        return false;
+        if ($fetchMode === FetchMode::MIXED) {
+            return array_merge($row, array_values($row));
+        }
+
+        if ($fetchMode === FetchMode::COLUMN) {
+            return reset($row);
+        }
+
+        throw new \InvalidArgumentException("Invalid fetch-style given for fetching result.");
     }
 
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = null)
+    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
         $rows = [];
-        while ($row = $this->fetch($fetchMode)) {
+        while ($row = $this->fetch($fetchMode, ...$args)) {
             $rows[] = $row;
         }
 
@@ -120,7 +127,8 @@ public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = n
      */
     public function fetchColumn($columnIndex = 0)
     {
-        $row = $this->fetch(PDO::FETCH_NUM);
+        $row = $this->fetch(FetchMode::NUMERIC);
+
         if (!isset($row[$columnIndex])) {
             // TODO: verify this is correct behavior
             return false;
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Cache/ResultCacheStatement.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Cache/ResultCacheStatement.php
index 6f026bd3116..a0a4b5227a3 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Cache/ResultCacheStatement.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Cache/ResultCacheStatement.php
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\ResultStatement;
 use Doctrine\Common\Cache\Cache;
-use PDO;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
 
 /**
  * Cache statement for SQL results.
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class ResultCacheStatement implements \IteratorAggregate, ResultStatement
     /**
      * @var integer
      */
-    private $defaultFetchMode = PDO::FETCH_BOTH;
+    private $defaultFetchMode = FetchMode::MIXED;
 
     /**
      * @param \Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement $stmt
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ public function columnCount()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg2 = null, $arg3 = null)
+    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, ...$args)
     {
         $this->defaultFetchMode = $fetchMode;
 
@@ -130,30 +130,38 @@ public function getIterator()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT, $cursorOffset = 0)
+    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
         if ($this->data === null) {
             $this->data = [];
         }
 
-        $row = $this->statement->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        $row = $this->statement->fetch(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
+
         if ($row) {
             $this->data[] = $row;
 
             $fetchMode = $fetchMode ?: $this->defaultFetchMode;
 
-            if ($fetchMode == PDO::FETCH_ASSOC) {
+            if ($fetchMode == FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE) {
                 return $row;
-            } elseif ($fetchMode == PDO::FETCH_NUM) {
+            }
+
+            if ($fetchMode == FetchMode::NUMERIC) {
                 return array_values($row);
-            } elseif ($fetchMode == PDO::FETCH_BOTH) {
+            }
+
+            if ($fetchMode == FetchMode::MIXED) {
                 return array_merge($row, array_values($row));
-            } elseif ($fetchMode == PDO::FETCH_COLUMN) {
+            }
+
+            if ($fetchMode == FetchMode::COLUMN) {
                 return reset($row);
-            } else {
-                throw new \InvalidArgumentException("Invalid fetch-style given for caching result.");
             }
+
+            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Invalid fetch-style given for caching result.');
         }
+
         $this->emptied = true;
 
         return false;
@@ -162,10 +170,10 @@ public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NE
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = null)
+    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
         $rows = [];
-        while ($row = $this->fetch($fetchMode)) {
+        while ($row = $this->fetch($fetchMode, ...$args)) {
             $rows[] = $row;
         }
 
@@ -177,7 +185,8 @@ public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = n
      */
     public function fetchColumn($columnIndex = 0)
     {
-        $row = $this->fetch(PDO::FETCH_NUM);
+        $row = $this->fetch(FetchMode::NUMERIC);
+
         if (!isset($row[$columnIndex])) {
             // TODO: verify this is correct behavior
             return false;
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/ColumnCase.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/ColumnCase.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..181e84429e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/ColumnCase.php
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Doctrine\DBAL;
+
+/**
+ * Contains portable column case conversions.
+ */
+class ColumnCase
+{
+    /**
+     * Convert column names to upper case.
+     *
+     * @see \PDO::CASE_UPPER
+     */
+    public const UPPER = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * Convert column names to lower case.
+     *
+     * @see \PDO::CASE_LOWER
+     */
+    public const LOWER = 2;
+
+    /**
+     * This class cannot be instantiated.
+     */
+    final private function __construct()
+    {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Connection.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Connection.php
index 7e3edd4b774..8b098b8c5c2 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Connection.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Connection.php
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\ServerInfoAwareConnection;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Exception\InvalidArgumentException;
-use PDO;
 use Closure;
 use Exception;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type;
@@ -58,14 +57,14 @@ class Connection implements DriverConnection
      *
      * @var integer
      */
-    const PARAM_INT_ARRAY = 101;
+    const PARAM_INT_ARRAY = ParameterType::INTEGER + self::ARRAY_PARAM_OFFSET;
 
     /**
      * Represents an array of strings to be expanded by Doctrine SQL parsing.
      *
      * @var integer
      */
-    const PARAM_STR_ARRAY = 102;
+    const PARAM_STR_ARRAY = ParameterType::STRING + self::ARRAY_PARAM_OFFSET;
 
     /**
      * Offset by which PARAM_* constants are detected as arrays of the param type.
@@ -170,7 +169,7 @@ class Connection implements DriverConnection
     /**
      * @var integer
      */
-    protected $defaultFetchMode = PDO::FETCH_ASSOC;
+    protected $defaultFetchMode = FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE;
 
     /**
      * Initializes a new instance of the Connection class.
@@ -538,7 +537,7 @@ public function setFetchMode($fetchMode)
      */
     public function fetchAssoc($statement, array $params = [], array $types = [])
     {
-        return $this->executeQuery($statement, $params, $types)->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        return $this->executeQuery($statement, $params, $types)->fetch(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -553,7 +552,7 @@ public function fetchAssoc($statement, array $params = [], array $types = [])
      */
     public function fetchArray($statement, array $params = [], array $types = [])
     {
-        return $this->executeQuery($statement, $params, $types)->fetch(PDO::FETCH_NUM);
+        return $this->executeQuery($statement, $params, $types)->fetch(FetchMode::NUMERIC);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -785,7 +784,7 @@ private function extractTypeValues(array $columnList, array $types)
         foreach ($columnList as $columnIndex => $columnName) {
             $typeValues[] = isset($types[$columnName])
                 ? $types[$columnName]
-                : \PDO::PARAM_STR;
+                : ParameterType::STRING;
         }
 
         return $typeValues;
@@ -1569,7 +1568,7 @@ private function getBindingInfo($value, $type)
             $value = $type->convertToDatabaseValue($value, $this->getDatabasePlatform());
             $bindingType = $type->getBindingType();
         } else {
-            $bindingType = $type; // PDO::PARAM_* constants
+            $bindingType = $type;
         }
 
         return [$value, $bindingType];
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Connection.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Connection.php
index 3185741607c..ef6c9e4006b 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Connection.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Connection.php
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Driver;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
+
 /**
  * Connection interface.
  * Driver connections must implement this interface.
@@ -19,14 +21,14 @@ interface Connection
      *
      * @return \Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement
      */
-    function prepare($prepareString);
+    public function prepare($prepareString);
 
     /**
      * Executes an SQL statement, returning a result set as a Statement object.
      *
      * @return \Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement
      */
-    function query();
+    public function query();
 
     /**
      * Quotes a string for use in a query.
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ function query();
      *
      * @return mixed
      */
-    function quote($input, $type=\PDO::PARAM_STR);
+    public function quote($input, $type = ParameterType::STRING);
 
     /**
      * Executes an SQL statement and return the number of affected rows.
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ function quote($input, $type=\PDO::PARAM_STR);
      *
      * @return integer
      */
-    function exec($statement);
+    public function exec($statement);
 
     /**
      * Returns the ID of the last inserted row or sequence value.
@@ -54,40 +56,40 @@ function exec($statement);
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    function lastInsertId($name = null);
+    public function lastInsertId($name = null);
 
     /**
      * Initiates a transaction.
      *
      * @return boolean TRUE on success or FALSE on failure.
      */
-    function beginTransaction();
+    public function beginTransaction();
 
     /**
      * Commits a transaction.
      *
      * @return boolean TRUE on success or FALSE on failure.
      */
-    function commit();
+    public function commit();
 
     /**
      * Rolls back the current transaction, as initiated by beginTransaction().
      *
      * @return boolean TRUE on success or FALSE on failure.
      */
-    function rollBack();
+    public function rollBack();
 
     /**
      * Returns the error code associated with the last operation on the database handle.
      *
      * @return string|null The error code, or null if no operation has been run on the database handle.
      */
-    function errorCode();
+    public function errorCode();
 
     /**
      * Returns extended error information associated with the last operation on the database handle.
      *
      * @return array
      */
-    function errorInfo();
+    public function errorInfo();
 }
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/DrizzlePDOMySql/Connection.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/DrizzlePDOMySql/Connection.php
index 89a6f065eca..7adfeb5158c 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/DrizzlePDOMySql/Connection.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/DrizzlePDOMySql/Connection.php
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\DrizzlePDOMySql;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
+
 /**
  * @author Kim Hemsø Rasmussen <kimhemsoe@gmail.com>
  */
@@ -10,9 +12,9 @@ class Connection extends \Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOConnection
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function quote($value, $type = \PDO::PARAM_STR)
+    public function quote($value, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
-        if (\PDO::PARAM_BOOL === $type) {
+        if ($type === ParameterType::BOOLEAN) {
             if ($value) {
                 return 'true';
             }
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/IBMDB2/DB2Connection.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/IBMDB2/DB2Connection.php
index 37b80d39c52..8feeb39fae0 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/IBMDB2/DB2Connection.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/IBMDB2/DB2Connection.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Connection;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\ServerInfoAwareConnection;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 
 class DB2Connection implements Connection, ServerInfoAwareConnection
 {
@@ -81,10 +82,11 @@ public function query()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function quote($input, $type=\PDO::PARAM_STR)
+    public function quote($input, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         $input = db2_escape_string($input);
-        if ($type == \PDO::PARAM_INT) {
+
+        if ($type == ParameterType::INTEGER) {
             return $input;
         }
 
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/IBMDB2/DB2Statement.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/IBMDB2/DB2Statement.php
index b92c323ba31..e9eff7fb607 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/IBMDB2/DB2Statement.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/IBMDB2/DB2Statement.php
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\StatementIterator;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 
 class DB2Statement implements \IteratorAggregate, Statement
 {
@@ -18,19 +20,19 @@ class DB2Statement implements \IteratorAggregate, Statement
     private $_bindParam = [];
 
     /**
-     * @var string Name of the default class to instantiate when fetch mode is \PDO::FETCH_CLASS.
+     * @var string Name of the default class to instantiate when fetching class instances.
      */
     private $defaultFetchClass = '\stdClass';
 
     /**
-     * @var string Constructor arguments for the default class to instantiate when fetch mode is \PDO::FETCH_CLASS.
+     * @var string Constructor arguments for the default class to instantiate when fetching class instances.
      */
     private $defaultFetchClassCtorArgs = [];
 
     /**
      * @var integer
      */
-    private $_defaultFetchMode = \PDO::FETCH_BOTH;
+    private $_defaultFetchMode = FetchMode::MIXED;
 
     /**
      * Indicates whether the statement is in the state when fetching results is possible
@@ -45,8 +47,8 @@ class DB2Statement implements \IteratorAggregate, Statement
      * @var array
      */
     static private $_typeMap = [
-        \PDO::PARAM_INT => DB2_LONG,
-        \PDO::PARAM_STR => DB2_CHAR,
+        ParameterType::INTEGER => DB2_LONG,
+        ParameterType::STRING => DB2_CHAR,
     ];
 
     /**
@@ -60,7 +62,7 @@ public function __construct($stmt)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = null)
+    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         return $this->bindParam($param, $value, $type);
     }
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = null)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = null, $length = null)
+    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = ParameterType::STRING, $length = null)
     {
         $this->_bindParam[$column] =& $variable;
 
@@ -169,11 +171,17 @@ public function execute($params = null)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg2 = null, $arg3 = null)
+    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, ...$args)
     {
-        $this->_defaultFetchMode         = $fetchMode;
-        $this->defaultFetchClass         = $arg2 ? $arg2 : $this->defaultFetchClass;
-        $this->defaultFetchClassCtorArgs = $arg3 ? (array) $arg3 : $this->defaultFetchClassCtorArgs;
+        $this->_defaultFetchMode = $fetchMode;
+
+        if (isset($args[0])) {
+            $this->defaultFetchClass = $args[0];
+        }
+
+        if (isset($args[1])) {
+            $this->defaultFetchClassCtorArgs = (array) $args[2];
+        }
 
         return true;
     }
@@ -189,7 +197,7 @@ public function getIterator()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT, $cursorOffset = 0)
+    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
         // do not try fetching from the statement if it's not expected to contain result
         // in order to prevent exceptional situation
@@ -199,18 +207,19 @@ public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NE
 
         $fetchMode = $fetchMode ?: $this->_defaultFetchMode;
         switch ($fetchMode) {
-            case \PDO::FETCH_BOTH:
+            case FetchMode::MIXED:
                 return db2_fetch_both($this->_stmt);
-            case \PDO::FETCH_ASSOC:
+
+            case FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE:
                 return db2_fetch_assoc($this->_stmt);
-            case \PDO::FETCH_CLASS:
+
+            case FetchMode::CUSTOM_OBJECT:
                 $className = $this->defaultFetchClass;
                 $ctorArgs  = $this->defaultFetchClassCtorArgs;
 
-                if (func_num_args() >= 2) {
-                    $args      = func_get_args();
-                    $className = $args[1];
-                    $ctorArgs  = $args[2] ?? [];
+                if (count($args) > 0) {
+                    $className = $args[0];
+                    $ctorArgs  = $args[1] ?? [];
                 }
 
                 $result = db2_fetch_object($this->_stmt);
@@ -220,10 +229,13 @@ public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NE
                 }
 
                 return $result;
-            case \PDO::FETCH_NUM:
+
+            case FetchMode::NUMERIC:
                 return db2_fetch_array($this->_stmt);
-            case \PDO::FETCH_OBJ:
+
+            case FetchMode::STANDARD_OBJECT:
                 return db2_fetch_object($this->_stmt);
+
             default:
                 throw new DB2Exception('Given Fetch-Style ' . $fetchMode . ' is not supported.');
         }
@@ -232,23 +244,23 @@ public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NE
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = null)
+    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
         $rows = [];
 
         switch ($fetchMode) {
-            case \PDO::FETCH_CLASS:
-                while ($row = call_user_func_array([$this, 'fetch'], func_get_args())) {
+            case FetchMode::CUSTOM_OBJECT:
+                while (($row = $this->fetch($fetchMode, ...$args)) !== false) {
                     $rows[] = $row;
                 }
                 break;
-            case \PDO::FETCH_COLUMN:
-                while ($row = $this->fetchColumn()) {
+            case FetchMode::COLUMN:
+                while (($row = $this->fetchColumn()) !== false) {
                     $rows[] = $row;
                 }
                 break;
             default:
-                while ($row = $this->fetch($fetchMode)) {
+                while (($row = $this->fetch($fetchMode)) !== false) {
                     $rows[] = $row;
                 }
         }
@@ -261,7 +273,7 @@ public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = n
      */
     public function fetchColumn($columnIndex = 0)
     {
-        $row = $this->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_NUM);
+        $row = $this->fetch(FetchMode::NUMERIC);
 
         if (false === $row) {
             return false;
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Mysqli/MysqliConnection.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Mysqli/MysqliConnection.php
index bda4acfa133..fce1a44776b 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Mysqli/MysqliConnection.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Mysqli/MysqliConnection.php
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Connection as Connection;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PingableConnection;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\ServerInfoAwareConnection;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 
 /**
  * @author Kim Hemsø Rasmussen <kimhemsoe@gmail.com>
@@ -128,7 +129,7 @@ public function query()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function quote($input, $type=\PDO::PARAM_STR)
+    public function quote($input, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         return "'". $this->_conn->escape_string($input) ."'";
     }
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Mysqli/MysqliStatement.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Mysqli/MysqliStatement.php
index a26c0bdd018..f0623e77b92 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Mysqli/MysqliStatement.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Mysqli/MysqliStatement.php
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\StatementIterator;
-use PDO;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 
 /**
  * @author Kim Hemsø Rasmussen <kimhemsoe@gmail.com>
@@ -15,11 +16,11 @@ class MysqliStatement implements \IteratorAggregate, Statement
      * @var array
      */
     protected static $_paramTypeMap = [
-        PDO::PARAM_STR => 's',
-        PDO::PARAM_BOOL => 'i',
-        PDO::PARAM_NULL => 's',
-        PDO::PARAM_INT => 'i',
-        PDO::PARAM_LOB => 's' // TODO Support LOB bigger then max package size.
+        ParameterType::STRING => 's',
+        ParameterType::BOOLEAN => 'i',
+        ParameterType::NULL => 's',
+        ParameterType::INTEGER => 'i',
+        ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT => 's' // TODO Support LOB bigger then max package size.
     ];
 
     /**
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ class MysqliStatement implements \IteratorAggregate, Statement
     /**
      * @var integer
      */
-    protected $_defaultFetchMode = PDO::FETCH_BOTH;
+    protected $_defaultFetchMode = FetchMode::MIXED;
 
     /**
      * Indicates whether the statement is in the state when fetching results is possible
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ public function __construct(\mysqli $conn, $prepareString)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = null, $length = null)
+    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = ParameterType::STRING, $length = null)
     {
         if (null === $type) {
             $type = 's';
@@ -116,7 +117,7 @@ public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = null, $length = null)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = null)
+    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         if (null === $type) {
             $type = 's';
@@ -247,7 +248,7 @@ private function _fetch()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT, $cursorOffset = 0)
+    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
         // do not try fetching from the statement if it's not expected to contain result
         // in order to prevent exceptional situation
@@ -267,19 +268,19 @@ public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NE
         $fetchMode = $fetchMode ?: $this->_defaultFetchMode;
 
         switch ($fetchMode) {
-            case PDO::FETCH_NUM:
+            case FetchMode::NUMERIC:
                 return $values;
 
-            case PDO::FETCH_ASSOC:
+            case FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE:
                 return array_combine($this->_columnNames, $values);
 
-            case PDO::FETCH_BOTH:
+            case FetchMode::MIXED:
                 $ret = array_combine($this->_columnNames, $values);
                 $ret += $values;
 
                 return $ret;
 
-            case PDO::FETCH_OBJ:
+            case FetchMode::STANDARD_OBJECT:
                 $assoc = array_combine($this->_columnNames, $values);
                 $ret = new \stdClass();
 
@@ -297,12 +298,13 @@ public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NE
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = null)
+    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
         $fetchMode = $fetchMode ?: $this->_defaultFetchMode;
 
         $rows = [];
-        if (PDO::FETCH_COLUMN == $fetchMode) {
+
+        if ($fetchMode === FetchMode::COLUMN) {
             while (($row = $this->fetchColumn()) !== false) {
                 $rows[] = $row;
             }
@@ -320,7 +322,8 @@ public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = n
      */
     public function fetchColumn($columnIndex = 0)
     {
-        $row = $this->fetch(PDO::FETCH_NUM);
+        $row = $this->fetch(FetchMode::NUMERIC);
+
         if (false === $row) {
             return false;
         }
@@ -378,7 +381,7 @@ public function columnCount()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg2 = null, $arg3 = null)
+    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, ...$args)
     {
         $this->_defaultFetchMode = $fetchMode;
 
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/OCI8/OCI8Connection.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/OCI8/OCI8Connection.php
index e168d2d240b..928a140be6e 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/OCI8/OCI8Connection.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/OCI8/OCI8Connection.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Connection;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\ServerInfoAwareConnection;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 
 /**
  * OCI8 implementation of the Connection interface.
@@ -103,7 +104,7 @@ public function query()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function quote($value, $type=\PDO::PARAM_STR)
+    public function quote($value, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         if (is_int($value) || is_float($value)) {
             return $value;
@@ -135,13 +136,13 @@ public function lastInsertId($name = null)
 
         $sql    = 'SELECT ' . $name . '.CURRVAL FROM DUAL';
         $stmt   = $this->query($sql);
-        $result = $stmt->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        $result = $stmt->fetchColumn();
 
-        if ($result === false || !isset($result['CURRVAL'])) {
+        if ($result === false) {
             throw new OCI8Exception("lastInsertId failed: Query was executed but no result was returned.");
         }
 
-        return (int) $result['CURRVAL'];
+        return (int) $result;
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/OCI8/OCI8Statement.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/OCI8/OCI8Statement.php
index bf50d62e245..64a714c0659 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/OCI8/OCI8Statement.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/OCI8/OCI8Statement.php
@@ -4,8 +4,9 @@
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\StatementIterator;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use IteratorAggregate;
-use PDO;
 
 /**
  * The OCI8 implementation of the Statement interface.
@@ -39,16 +40,16 @@ class OCI8Statement implements IteratorAggregate, Statement
      * @var array
      */
     protected static $fetchModeMap = [
-        PDO::FETCH_BOTH => OCI_BOTH,
-        PDO::FETCH_ASSOC => OCI_ASSOC,
-        PDO::FETCH_NUM => OCI_NUM,
-        PDO::FETCH_COLUMN => OCI_NUM,
+        FetchMode::MIXED => OCI_BOTH,
+        FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE => OCI_ASSOC,
+        FetchMode::NUMERIC => OCI_NUM,
+        FetchMode::COLUMN => OCI_NUM,
     ];
 
     /**
      * @var integer
      */
-    protected $_defaultFetchMode = PDO::FETCH_BOTH;
+    protected $_defaultFetchMode = FetchMode::MIXED;
 
     /**
      * @var array
@@ -237,7 +238,7 @@ private static function findToken($statement, &$offset, $regex)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = null)
+    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         return $this->bindParam($param, $value, $type, null);
     }
@@ -245,11 +246,11 @@ public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = null)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = null, $length = null)
+    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = ParameterType::STRING, $length = null)
     {
         $column = $this->_paramMap[$column] ?? $column;
 
-        if ($type == \PDO::PARAM_LOB) {
+        if ($type == ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT) {
             $lob = oci_new_descriptor($this->_dbh, OCI_D_LOB);
             $lob->writeTemporary($variable, OCI_TEMP_BLOB);
 
@@ -342,7 +343,7 @@ public function execute($params = null)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg2 = null, $arg3 = null)
+    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, ...$args)
     {
         $this->_defaultFetchMode = $fetchMode;
 
@@ -360,7 +361,7 @@ public function getIterator()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT, $cursorOffset = 0)
+    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
         // do not try fetching from the statement if it's not expected to contain result
         // in order to prevent exceptional situation
@@ -370,7 +371,7 @@ public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NE
 
         $fetchMode = $fetchMode ?: $this->_defaultFetchMode;
 
-        if (PDO::FETCH_OBJ == $fetchMode) {
+        if ($fetchMode == FetchMode::STANDARD_OBJECT) {
             return oci_fetch_object($this->_sth);
         }
 
@@ -387,13 +388,13 @@ public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NE
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = null)
+    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
         $fetchMode = $fetchMode ?: $this->_defaultFetchMode;
 
         $result = [];
 
-        if (PDO::FETCH_OBJ == $fetchMode) {
+        if ($fetchMode == FetchMode::STANDARD_OBJECT) {
             while ($row = $this->fetch($fetchMode)) {
                 $result[] = $row;
             }
@@ -411,7 +412,8 @@ public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = n
             }
         } else {
             $fetchStructure = OCI_FETCHSTATEMENT_BY_ROW;
-            if ($fetchMode == PDO::FETCH_COLUMN) {
+
+            if ($fetchMode == FetchMode::COLUMN) {
                 $fetchStructure = OCI_FETCHSTATEMENT_BY_COLUMN;
             }
 
@@ -424,7 +426,7 @@ public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = n
             oci_fetch_all($this->_sth, $result, 0, -1,
                 self::$fetchModeMap[$fetchMode] | OCI_RETURN_NULLS | $fetchStructure | OCI_RETURN_LOBS);
 
-            if ($fetchMode == PDO::FETCH_COLUMN) {
+            if ($fetchMode == FetchMode::COLUMN) {
                 $result = $result[0];
             }
         }
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOConnection.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOConnection.php
index 4c67c83fb51..24e369065d7 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOConnection.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOConnection.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Driver;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use PDO;
 
 /**
@@ -24,7 +25,6 @@ public function __construct($dsn, $user = null, $password = null, array $options
     {
         try {
             parent::__construct($dsn, $user, $password, $options);
-            $this->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_STATEMENT_CLASS, ['Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOStatement', []]);
             $this->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
         } catch (\PDOException $exception) {
             throw new PDOException($exception);
@@ -57,7 +57,9 @@ public function getServerVersion()
     public function prepare($prepareString, $driverOptions = [])
     {
         try {
-            return parent::prepare($prepareString, $driverOptions);
+            return $this->createStatement(
+                parent::prepare($prepareString, $driverOptions)
+            );
         } catch (\PDOException $exception) {
             throw new PDOException($exception);
         }
@@ -69,22 +71,11 @@ public function prepare($prepareString, $driverOptions = [])
     public function query()
     {
         $args = func_get_args();
-        $argsCount = count($args);
 
         try {
-            if ($argsCount == 4) {
-                return parent::query($args[0], $args[1], $args[2], $args[3]);
-            }
-
-            if ($argsCount == 3) {
-                return parent::query($args[0], $args[1], $args[2]);
-            }
-
-            if ($argsCount == 2) {
-                return parent::query($args[0], $args[1]);
-            }
-
-            return parent::query($args[0]);
+            return $this->createStatement(
+                parent::query(...$args)
+            );
         } catch (\PDOException $exception) {
             throw new PDOException($exception);
         }
@@ -93,7 +84,7 @@ public function query()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function quote($input, $type = \PDO::PARAM_STR)
+    public function quote($input, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         return parent::quote($input, $type);
     }
@@ -113,4 +104,15 @@ public function requiresQueryForServerVersion()
     {
         return false;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a wrapped statement
+     *
+     * @param \PDOStatement $stmt
+     * @return PDOStatement
+     */
+    private function createStatement(\PDOStatement $stmt) : PDOStatement
+    {
+        return new PDOStatement($stmt);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOSqlsrv/Connection.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOSqlsrv/Connection.php
index ea198c7033f..e7b7ed9b74e 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOSqlsrv/Connection.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOSqlsrv/Connection.php
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOSqlsrv;
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOConnection;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 
 /**
  * Sqlsrv Connection implementation.
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ public function lastInsertId($name = null)
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
      */
-    public function quote($value, $type=\PDO::PARAM_STR)
+    public function quote($value, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         $val = parent::quote($value, $type);
 
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOSqlsrv/Statement.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOSqlsrv/Statement.php
index d8538defde0..8af01d1fb51 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOSqlsrv/Statement.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOSqlsrv/Statement.php
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOSqlsrv;
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOStatement;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use PDO;
 
 /**
@@ -13,9 +14,9 @@ class Statement extends PDOStatement
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = PDO::PARAM_STR, $length = null, $driverOptions = null)
+    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = ParameterType::STRING, $length = null, $driverOptions = null)
     {
-        if ($type === PDO::PARAM_LOB && $driverOptions === null) {
+        if ($type === ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT && $driverOptions === null) {
             $driverOptions = PDO::SQLSRV_ENCODING_BINARY;
         }
 
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = PDO::PARAM_STR, $length =
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = PDO::PARAM_STR)
+    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         return $this->bindParam($param, $value, $type);
     }
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOStatement.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOStatement.php
index 5a951700fcb..fb6ec3fc122 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOStatement.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOStatement.php
@@ -2,40 +2,61 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Driver;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
+use IteratorAggregate;
+use PDO;
+
 /**
  * The PDO implementation of the Statement interface.
  * Used by all PDO-based drivers.
  *
  * @since 2.0
  */
-class PDOStatement extends \PDOStatement implements Statement
+class PDOStatement implements IteratorAggregate, Statement
 {
     /**
-     * Protected constructor.
+     * @var int[]
      */
-    protected function __construct()
+    private const PARAM_TYPE_MAP = [
+        ParameterType::NULL         => PDO::PARAM_NULL,
+        ParameterType::INTEGER      => PDO::PARAM_INT,
+        ParameterType::STRING       => PDO::PARAM_STR,
+        ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT => PDO::PARAM_LOB,
+        ParameterType::BOOLEAN      => PDO::PARAM_BOOL,
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * @var int[]
+     */
+    private const FETCH_MODE_MAP = [
+        FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE     => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC,
+        FetchMode::NUMERIC         => PDO::FETCH_NUM,
+        FetchMode::MIXED           => PDO::FETCH_BOTH,
+        FetchMode::STANDARD_OBJECT => PDO::FETCH_OBJ,
+        FetchMode::COLUMN          => PDO::FETCH_COLUMN,
+        FetchMode::CUSTOM_OBJECT   => PDO::FETCH_CLASS,
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * @var \PDOStatement
+     */
+    private $stmt;
+
+    public function __construct(\PDOStatement $stmt)
     {
+        $this->stmt = $stmt;
     }
 
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg2 = null, $arg3 = null)
+    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, ...$args)
     {
-        // This thin wrapper is necessary to shield against the weird signature
-        // of PDOStatement::setFetchMode(): even if the second and third
-        // parameters are optional, PHP will not let us remove it from this
-        // declaration.
-        try {
-            if ($arg2 === null && $arg3 === null) {
-                return parent::setFetchMode($fetchMode);
-            }
-
-            if ($arg3 === null) {
-                return parent::setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg2);
-            }
+        $fetchMode = $this->convertFetchMode($fetchMode);
 
-            return parent::setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg2, $arg3);
+        try {
+            return $this->stmt->setFetchMode($fetchMode, ...$args);
         } catch (\PDOException $exception) {
             throw new PDOException($exception);
         }
@@ -44,10 +65,12 @@ public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg2 = null, $arg3 = null)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = \PDO::PARAM_STR)
+    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
+        $type = $this->convertParamType($type);
+
         try {
-            return parent::bindValue($param, $value, $type);
+            return $this->stmt->bindValue($param, $value, $type);
         } catch (\PDOException $exception) {
             throw new PDOException($exception);
         }
@@ -56,10 +79,12 @@ public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = \PDO::PARAM_STR)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = \PDO::PARAM_STR, $length = null, $driverOptions = null)
+    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = ParameterType::STRING, $length = null, $driverOptions = null)
     {
+        $type = $this->convertParamType($type);
+
         try {
-            return parent::bindParam($column, $variable, $type, $length, $driverOptions);
+            return $this->stmt->bindParam($column, $variable, $type, $length, $driverOptions);
         } catch (\PDOException $exception) {
             throw new PDOException($exception);
         }
@@ -71,7 +96,7 @@ public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = \PDO::PARAM_STR, $length
     public function closeCursor()
     {
         try {
-            return parent::closeCursor();
+            return $this->stmt->closeCursor();
         } catch (\PDOException $exception) {
             // Exceptions not allowed by the interface.
             // In case driver implementations do not adhere to the interface, silence exceptions here.
@@ -79,13 +104,37 @@ public function closeCursor()
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * {@inheritdoc}
+     */
+    public function columnCount()
+    {
+        return $this->stmt->columnCount();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritdoc}
+     */
+    public function errorCode()
+    {
+        return $this->stmt->errorCode();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritdoc}
+     */
+    public function errorInfo()
+    {
+        return $this->stmt->errorInfo();
+    }
+
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
     public function execute($params = null)
     {
         try {
-            return parent::execute($params);
+            return $this->stmt->execute($params);
         } catch (\PDOException $exception) {
             throw new PDOException($exception);
         }
@@ -94,22 +143,24 @@ public function execute($params = null)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT, $cursorOffset = 0)
+    public function rowCount()
     {
-        try {
-            if ($fetchMode === null && \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT === $cursorOrientation && 0 === $cursorOffset) {
-                return parent::fetch();
-            }
+        return $this->stmt->rowCount();
+    }
 
-            if (\PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT === $cursorOrientation && 0 === $cursorOffset) {
-                return parent::fetch($fetchMode);
-            }
+    /**
+     * {@inheritdoc}
+     */
+    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
+    {
+        $fetchMode = $this->convertFetchMode($fetchMode);
 
-            if (0 === $cursorOffset) {
-                return parent::fetch($fetchMode, $cursorOrientation);
+        try {
+            if ($fetchMode === null) {
+                return $this->stmt->fetch();
             }
 
-            return parent::fetch($fetchMode, $cursorOrientation, $cursorOffset);
+            return $this->stmt->fetch($fetchMode, ...$args);
         } catch (\PDOException $exception) {
             throw new PDOException($exception);
         }
@@ -118,22 +169,16 @@ public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NE
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = null)
+    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
-        try {
-            if ($fetchMode === null && null === $fetchArgument && null === $ctorArgs) {
-                return parent::fetchAll();
-            }
+        $fetchMode = $this->convertFetchMode($fetchMode);
 
-            if (null === $fetchArgument && null === $ctorArgs) {
-                return parent::fetchAll($fetchMode);
-            }
-
-            if (null === $ctorArgs) {
-                return parent::fetchAll($fetchMode, $fetchArgument);
+        try {
+            if ($fetchMode === null) {
+                return $this->stmt->fetchAll();
             }
 
-            return parent::fetchAll($fetchMode, $fetchArgument, $ctorArgs);
+            return $this->stmt->fetchAll($fetchMode, ...$args);
         } catch (\PDOException $exception) {
             throw new PDOException($exception);
         }
@@ -145,9 +190,51 @@ public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = n
     public function fetchColumn($columnIndex = 0)
     {
         try {
-            return parent::fetchColumn($columnIndex);
+            return $this->stmt->fetchColumn($columnIndex);
         } catch (\PDOException $exception) {
             throw new PDOException($exception);
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts DBAL parameter type to PDO parameter type
+     *
+     * @param int $type Parameter type
+     * @return int
+     */
+    private function convertParamType(int $type) : int
+    {
+        if ( ! isset(self::PARAM_TYPE_MAP[$type])) {
+            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Invalid parameter type: ' . $type);
+        }
+
+        return self::PARAM_TYPE_MAP[$type];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts DBAL fetch mode to PDO fetch mode
+     *
+     * @param int|null $fetchMode Fetch mode
+     * @return int|null
+     */
+    private function convertFetchMode(?int $fetchMode) : ?int
+    {
+        if ($fetchMode === null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if ( ! isset(self::FETCH_MODE_MAP[$fetchMode])) {
+            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Invalid fetch mode: ' . $fetchMode);
+        }
+
+        return self::FETCH_MODE_MAP[$fetchMode];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritdoc}
+     */
+    public function getIterator()
+    {
+        yield from $this->stmt;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/ResultStatement.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/ResultStatement.php
index bd30e6ac311..f8715afd40e 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/ResultStatement.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/ResultStatement.php
@@ -28,66 +28,43 @@ public function columnCount();
     /**
      * Sets the fetch mode to use while iterating this statement.
      *
-     * @param integer $fetchMode The fetch mode must be one of the PDO::FETCH_* constants.
-     * @param mixed   $arg2
-     * @param mixed   $arg3
+     * @param int   $fetchMode    Controls how the next row will be returned to the caller.
+     *                            The value must be one of the {@link \Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode} constants.
+     * @param array $args         Optional mode-specific arguments (see {@link self::fetchAll()}).
      *
      * @return boolean
-     *
-     * @see PDO::FETCH_* constants.
      */
-    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg2 = null, $arg3 = null);
+    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, ...$args);
 
     /**
      * Returns the next row of a result set.
      *
      * @param int|null $fetchMode    Controls how the next row will be returned to the caller.
-     *                               The value must be one of the \PDO::FETCH_* constants,
-     *                               defaulting to \PDO::FETCH_BOTH.
-     * @param int $cursorOrientation For a ResultStatement object representing a scrollable cursor,
-     *                               this value determines which row will be returned to the caller.
-     *                               This value must be one of the \PDO::FETCH_ORI_* constants,
-     *                               defaulting to \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT. To request a scrollable
-     *                               cursor for your ResultStatement object, you must set the \PDO::ATTR_CURSOR
-     *                               attribute to \PDO::CURSOR_SCROLL when you prepare the SQL statement with
-     *                               \PDO::prepare().
-     * @param int $cursorOffset      For a ResultStatement object representing a scrollable cursor for which the
-     *                               cursorOrientation parameter is set to \PDO::FETCH_ORI_ABS, this value
-     *                               specifies the absolute number of the row in the result set that shall be
-     *                               fetched.
-     *                               For a ResultStatement object representing a scrollable cursor for which the
-     *                               cursorOrientation parameter is set to \PDO::FETCH_ORI_REL, this value
-     *                               specifies the row to fetch relative to the cursor position before
-     *                               ResultStatement::fetch() was called.
+     *                               The value must be one of the {@link \Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode} constants,
+     *                               defaulting to {@link \Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode::MIXED}.
+     * @param array    $args         Optional mode-specific arguments (see {@link self::fetchAll()}).
      *
      * @return mixed The return value of this method on success depends on the fetch mode. In all cases, FALSE is
      *               returned on failure.
-     *
-     * @see PDO::FETCH_* constants.
      */
-    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT, $cursorOffset = 0);
+    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, ...$args);
 
     /**
      * Returns an array containing all of the result set rows.
      *
      * @param int|null $fetchMode     Controls how the next row will be returned to the caller.
-     *                                The value must be one of the \PDO::FETCH_* constants,
-     *                                defaulting to \PDO::FETCH_BOTH.
-     * @param int|null $fetchArgument This argument has a different meaning depending on the value of the $fetchMode parameter:
-     *                                * \PDO::FETCH_COLUMN: Returns the indicated 0-indexed column.
-     *                                * \PDO::FETCH_CLASS: Returns instances of the specified class, mapping the columns of each
-     *                                  row to named properties in the class.
-     *                                * \PDO::FETCH_FUNC: Returns the results of calling the specified function, using each row's
-     *                                  columns as parameters in the call.
-     * @param array|null $ctorArgs    Controls how the next row will be returned to the caller.
-     *                                The value must be one of the \PDO::FETCH_* constants,
-     *                                defaulting to \PDO::FETCH_BOTH.
+     *                                The value must be one of the {@link \Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode} constants,
+     *                                defaulting to {@link \Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode::MIXED}.
+     * @param array    $args          Optional mode-specific arguments. Supported modes:
+     *                                * {@link \Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode::COLUMN}
+     *                                  1. The 0-indexed column to be returned.
+     *                                * {@link \Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode::CUSTOM_OBJECT}
+     *                                  1. The class name of the object to be created,
+     *                                  2. Array of constructor arguments
      *
      * @return array
-     *
-     * @see \PDO::FETCH_* constants.
      */
-    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = null);
+    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, ...$args);
 
     /**
      * Returns a single column from the next row of a result set or FALSE if there are no more rows.
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLAnywhere/SQLAnywhereConnection.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLAnywhere/SQLAnywhereConnection.php
index dd8ced8aee3..dce6af30c72 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLAnywhere/SQLAnywhereConnection.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLAnywhere/SQLAnywhereConnection.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Connection;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\ServerInfoAwareConnection;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 
 /**
  * SAP Sybase SQL Anywhere implementation of the Connection interface.
@@ -155,7 +156,7 @@ public function query()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function quote($input, $type = \PDO::PARAM_STR)
+    public function quote($input, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         if (is_int($input) || is_float($input)) {
             return $input;
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLAnywhere/SQLAnywhereStatement.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLAnywhere/SQLAnywhereStatement.php
index ef2db942d84..80116eb24f8 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLAnywhere/SQLAnywhereStatement.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLAnywhere/SQLAnywhereStatement.php
@@ -2,10 +2,11 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\SQLAnywhere;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\StatementIterator;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use IteratorAggregate;
-use PDO;
-use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement;
 
 /**
  * SAP SQL Anywhere implementation of the Statement interface.
@@ -22,19 +23,19 @@ class SQLAnywhereStatement implements IteratorAggregate, Statement
     private $conn;
 
     /**
-     * @var string Name of the default class to instantiate when fetch mode is \PDO::FETCH_CLASS.
+     * @var string Name of the default class to instantiate when fetching class instances.
      */
     private $defaultFetchClass = '\stdClass';
 
     /**
-     * @var string Constructor arguments for the default class to instantiate when fetch mode is \PDO::FETCH_CLASS.
+     * @var string Constructor arguments for the default class to instantiate when fetching class instances.
      */
     private $defaultFetchClassCtorArgs = [];
 
     /**
      * @var int Default fetch mode to use.
      */
-    private $defaultFetchMode = PDO::FETCH_BOTH;
+    private $defaultFetchMode = FetchMode::MIXED;
 
     /**
      * @var resource The result set resource to fetch.
@@ -75,20 +76,23 @@ public function __construct($conn, $sql)
      *
      * @throws SQLAnywhereException
      */
-    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = null, $length = null)
+    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = ParameterType::STRING, $length = null)
     {
         switch ($type) {
-            case PDO::PARAM_INT:
-            case PDO::PARAM_BOOL:
+            case ParameterType::INTEGER:
+            case ParameterType::BOOLEAN:
                 $type = 'i';
                 break;
-            case PDO::PARAM_LOB:
+
+            case ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT:
                 $type = 'b';
                 break;
-            case PDO::PARAM_NULL:
-            case PDO::PARAM_STR:
+
+            case ParameterType::NULL:
+            case ParameterType::STRING:
                 $type = 's';
                 break;
+
             default:
                 throw new SQLAnywhereException('Unknown type: ' . $type);
         }
@@ -103,7 +107,7 @@ public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = null, $length = null)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = null)
+    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         return $this->bindParam($param, $value, $type);
     }
@@ -177,7 +181,7 @@ public function execute($params = null)
      *
      * @throws SQLAnywhereException
      */
-    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT, $cursorOffset = 0)
+    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
         if ( ! is_resource($this->result)) {
             return false;
@@ -186,18 +190,19 @@ public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NE
         $fetchMode = $fetchMode ?: $this->defaultFetchMode;
 
         switch ($fetchMode) {
-            case PDO::FETCH_ASSOC:
+            case FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE:
                 return sasql_fetch_assoc($this->result);
-            case PDO::FETCH_BOTH:
+
+            case FetchMode::MIXED:
                 return sasql_fetch_array($this->result, SASQL_BOTH);
-            case PDO::FETCH_CLASS:
+
+            case FetchMode::CUSTOM_OBJECT:
                 $className = $this->defaultFetchClass;
                 $ctorArgs  = $this->defaultFetchClassCtorArgs;
 
-                if (func_num_args() >= 2) {
-                    $args      = func_get_args();
-                    $className = $args[1];
-                    $ctorArgs  = isset($args[2]) ? $args[2] : [];
+                if (count($args) > 0) {
+                    $className = $args[0];
+                    $ctorArgs  = $args[1] ?? [];
                 }
 
                 $result = sasql_fetch_object($this->result);
@@ -207,10 +212,13 @@ public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NE
                 }
 
                 return $result;
-            case PDO::FETCH_NUM:
+
+            case FetchMode::NUMERIC:
                 return sasql_fetch_row($this->result);
-            case PDO::FETCH_OBJ:
+
+            case FetchMode::STANDARD_OBJECT:
                 return sasql_fetch_object($this->result);
+
             default:
                 throw new SQLAnywhereException('Fetch mode is not supported: ' . $fetchMode);
         }
@@ -219,23 +227,25 @@ public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NE
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = null)
+    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
         $rows = [];
 
         switch ($fetchMode) {
-            case PDO::FETCH_CLASS:
-                while ($row = call_user_func_array([$this, 'fetch'], func_get_args())) {
+            case FetchMode::CUSTOM_OBJECT:
+                while (($row = $this->fetch($fetchMode, ...$args)) !== false) {
                     $rows[] = $row;
                 }
                 break;
-            case PDO::FETCH_COLUMN:
-                while ($row = $this->fetchColumn()) {
+
+            case FetchMode::COLUMN:
+                while (($row = $this->fetchColumn()) !== false) {
                     $rows[] = $row;
                 }
                 break;
+
             default:
-                while ($row = $this->fetch($fetchMode)) {
+                while (($row = $this->fetch($fetchMode)) !== false) {
                     $rows[] = $row;
                 }
         }
@@ -248,7 +258,7 @@ public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = n
      */
     public function fetchColumn($columnIndex = 0)
     {
-        $row = $this->fetch(PDO::FETCH_NUM);
+        $row = $this->fetch(FetchMode::NUMERIC);
 
         if (false === $row) {
             return false;
@@ -276,7 +286,7 @@ public function rowCount()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg2 = null, $arg3 = null)
+    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, ...$args)
     {
         $this->defaultFetchMode          = $fetchMode;
         $this->defaultFetchClass         = $arg2 ? $arg2 : $this->defaultFetchClass;
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLSrv/SQLSrvConnection.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLSrv/SQLSrvConnection.php
index 3dc303babf3..3f3bc879bcd 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLSrv/SQLSrvConnection.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLSrv/SQLSrvConnection.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Connection;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\ServerInfoAwareConnection;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 
 /**
  * SQL Server implementation for the Connection interface.
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ public function query()
      * {@inheritDoc}
      * @license New BSD, code from Zend Framework
      */
-    public function quote($value, $type=\PDO::PARAM_STR)
+    public function quote($value, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         if (is_int($value)) {
             return $value;
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLSrv/SQLSrvStatement.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLSrv/SQLSrvStatement.php
index feb6cd69b28..841a79462b3 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLSrv/SQLSrvStatement.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/SQLSrv/SQLSrvStatement.php
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\SQLSrv;
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\StatementIterator;
-use PDO;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use IteratorAggregate;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement;
 
@@ -56,20 +57,20 @@ class SQLSrvStatement implements IteratorAggregate, Statement
      * @var array
      */
     private static $fetchMap = [
-        PDO::FETCH_BOTH => SQLSRV_FETCH_BOTH,
-        PDO::FETCH_ASSOC => SQLSRV_FETCH_ASSOC,
-        PDO::FETCH_NUM => SQLSRV_FETCH_NUMERIC,
+        FetchMode::MIXED => SQLSRV_FETCH_BOTH,
+        FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE => SQLSRV_FETCH_ASSOC,
+        FetchMode::NUMERIC => SQLSRV_FETCH_NUMERIC,
     ];
 
     /**
-     * The name of the default class to instantiate when fetch mode is \PDO::FETCH_CLASS.
+     * The name of the default class to instantiate when fetching class instances.
      *
      * @var string
      */
     private $defaultFetchClass = '\stdClass';
 
     /**
-     * The constructor arguments for the default class to instantiate when fetch mode is \PDO::FETCH_CLASS.
+     * The constructor arguments for the default class to instantiate when fetching class instances.
      *
      * @var string
      */
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ class SQLSrvStatement implements IteratorAggregate, Statement
      *
      * @param integer
      */
-    private $defaultFetchMode = PDO::FETCH_BOTH;
+    private $defaultFetchMode = FetchMode::MIXED;
 
     /**
      * The last insert ID.
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ public function __construct($conn, $sql, LastInsertId $lastInsertId = null)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = null)
+    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         if (!is_numeric($param)) {
             throw new SQLSrvException(
@@ -137,7 +138,7 @@ public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = null)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = null, $length = null)
+    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = ParameterType::STRING, $length = null)
     {
         if (!is_numeric($column)) {
             throw new SQLSrvException("sqlsrv does not support named parameters to queries, use question mark (?) placeholders instead.");
@@ -241,7 +242,7 @@ private function prepare()
         $params = [];
 
         foreach ($this->variables as $column => &$variable) {
-            if (PDO::PARAM_LOB === $this->types[$column]) {
+            if ($this->types[$column] === ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT) {
                 $params[$column - 1] = [
                     &$variable,
                     SQLSRV_PARAM_IN,
@@ -265,11 +266,17 @@ private function prepare()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg2 = null, $arg3 = null)
+    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, ...$args)
     {
-        $this->defaultFetchMode          = $fetchMode;
-        $this->defaultFetchClass         = $arg2 ?: $this->defaultFetchClass;
-        $this->defaultFetchClassCtorArgs = $arg3 ? (array) $arg3 : $this->defaultFetchClassCtorArgs;
+        $this->defaultFetchMode = $fetchMode;
+
+        if (isset($args[0])) {
+            $this->defaultFetchClass = $args[0];
+        }
+
+        if (isset($args[1])) {
+            $this->defaultFetchClassCtorArgs = (array) $args[2];
+        }
 
         return true;
     }
@@ -287,7 +294,7 @@ public function getIterator()
      *
      * @throws SQLSrvException
      */
-    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT, $cursorOffset = 0)
+    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
         // do not try fetching from the statement if it's not expected to contain result
         // in order to prevent exceptional situation
@@ -295,20 +302,19 @@ public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEX
             return false;
         }
 
-        $args      = func_get_args();
         $fetchMode = $fetchMode ?: $this->defaultFetchMode;
 
         if (isset(self::$fetchMap[$fetchMode])) {
             return sqlsrv_fetch_array($this->stmt, self::$fetchMap[$fetchMode]) ?: false;
         }
 
-        if (in_array($fetchMode, [PDO::FETCH_OBJ, PDO::FETCH_CLASS], true)) {
+        if (in_array($fetchMode, [FetchMode::STANDARD_OBJECT, FetchMode::CUSTOM_OBJECT], true)) {
             $className = $this->defaultFetchClass;
             $ctorArgs  = $this->defaultFetchClassCtorArgs;
 
-            if (count($args) >= 2) {
-                $className = $args[1];
-                $ctorArgs  = isset($args[2]) ? $args[2] : [];
+            if (count($args) > 0) {
+                $className = $args[0];
+                $ctorArgs  = $args[1] ?? [];
             }
 
             return sqlsrv_fetch_object($this->stmt, $className, $ctorArgs) ?: false;
@@ -320,23 +326,25 @@ public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEX
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = null)
+    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
         $rows = [];
 
         switch ($fetchMode) {
-            case PDO::FETCH_CLASS:
-                while ($row = call_user_func_array([$this, 'fetch'], func_get_args())) {
+            case FetchMode::CUSTOM_OBJECT:
+                while (($row = $this->fetch($fetchMode, $args)) !== false) {
                     $rows[] = $row;
                 }
                 break;
-            case PDO::FETCH_COLUMN:
-                while ($row = $this->fetchColumn()) {
+
+            case FetchMode::COLUMN:
+                while (($row = $this->fetchColumn()) !== false) {
                     $rows[] = $row;
                 }
                 break;
+
             default:
-                while ($row = $this->fetch($fetchMode)) {
+                while (($row = $this->fetch($fetchMode)) !== false) {
                     $rows[] = $row;
                 }
         }
@@ -349,7 +357,7 @@ public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = n
      */
     public function fetchColumn($columnIndex = 0)
     {
-        $row = $this->fetch(PDO::FETCH_NUM);
+        $row = $this->fetch(FetchMode::NUMERIC);
 
         if (false === $row) {
             return false;
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Statement.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Statement.php
index f9ee4d820a1..4f1655aa89e 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Statement.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/Statement.php
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Driver;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
+
 /**
  * Statement interface.
  * Drivers must implement this interface.
@@ -26,12 +28,12 @@ interface Statement extends ResultStatement
      *                       this will be a parameter name of the form :name. For a prepared statement
      *                       using question mark placeholders, this will be the 1-indexed position of the parameter.
      * @param mixed   $value The value to bind to the parameter.
-     * @param integer $type  Explicit data type for the parameter using the PDO::PARAM_* constants.
+     * @param integer $type  Explicit data type for the parameter using the {@link \Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType}
+     *                       constants.
      *
      * @return boolean TRUE on success or FALSE on failure.
      */
-    function bindValue($param, $value, $type = null);
-
+    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = ParameterType::STRING);
 
     /**
      * Binds a PHP variable to a corresponding named (not supported by mysqli driver, see comment below) or question
@@ -51,15 +53,14 @@ function bindValue($param, $value, $type = null);
      *                               this will be a parameter name of the form :name. For a prepared statement using
      *                               question mark placeholders, this will be the 1-indexed position of the parameter.
      * @param mixed        $variable Name of the PHP variable to bind to the SQL statement parameter.
-     * @param integer|null $type     Explicit data type for the parameter using the PDO::PARAM_* constants. To return
-     *                               an INOUT parameter from a stored procedure, use the bitwise OR operator to set the
-     *                               PDO::PARAM_INPUT_OUTPUT bits for the data_type parameter.
+     * @param integer|null $type     Explicit data type for the parameter using the {@link \Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType}
+     *                               constants.
      * @param integer|null $length   You must specify maxlength when using an OUT bind
      *                               so that PHP allocates enough memory to hold the returned value.
      *
      * @return boolean TRUE on success or FALSE on failure.
      */
-    function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = null, $length = null);
+    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = ParameterType::STRING, $length = null);
 
     /**
      * Fetches the SQLSTATE associated with the last operation on the statement handle.
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = null, $length = null);
      *
      * @return string The error code string.
      */
-    function errorCode();
+    public function errorCode();
 
     /**
      * Fetches extended error information associated with the last operation on the statement handle.
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ function errorCode();
      *
      * @return array The error info array.
      */
-    function errorInfo();
+    public function errorInfo();
 
     /**
      * Executes a prepared statement
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ function errorInfo();
      *
      * @return boolean TRUE on success or FALSE on failure.
      */
-    function execute($params = null);
+    public function execute($params = null);
 
     /**
      * Returns the number of rows affected by the last DELETE, INSERT, or UPDATE statement
@@ -107,5 +108,5 @@ function execute($params = null);
      *
      * @return integer The number of rows.
      */
-    function rowCount();
+    public function rowCount();
 }
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/FetchMode.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/FetchMode.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ca5302ba531
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/FetchMode.php
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Doctrine\DBAL;
+
+/**
+ * Contains statement fetch modes.
+ */
+class FetchMode
+{
+    /**
+     * Specifies that the fetch method shall return each row as an array indexed
+     * by column name as returned in the corresponding result set. If the result
+     * set contains multiple columns with the same name, the statement returns
+     * only a single value per column name.
+     *
+     * @see \PDO::FETCH_ASSOC
+     */
+    public const ASSOCIATIVE = 2;
+
+    /**
+     * Specifies that the fetch method shall return each row as an array indexed
+     * by column number as returned in the corresponding result set, starting at
+     * column 0.
+     *
+     * @see \PDO::FETCH_NUM
+     */
+    public const NUMERIC = 3;
+
+    /**
+     * Specifies that the fetch method shall return each row as an array indexed
+     * by both column name and number as returned in the corresponding result set,
+     * starting at column 0.
+     *
+     * @see \PDO::FETCH_BOTH
+     */
+    public const MIXED = 4;
+
+    /**
+     * Specifies that the fetch method shall return each row as an object with
+     * property names that correspond to the column names returned in the result
+     * set.
+     *
+     * @see \PDO::FETCH_OBJ
+     */
+    public const STANDARD_OBJECT = 5;
+
+    /**
+     * Specifies that the fetch method shall return only a single requested
+     * column from the next row in the result set.
+     *
+     * @see \PDO::FETCH_COLUMN
+     */
+    public const COLUMN = 7;
+
+    /**
+     * Specifies that the fetch method shall return a new instance of the
+     * requested class, mapping the columns to named properties in the class.
+     *
+     * @see \PDO::FETCH_CLASS
+     */
+    public const CUSTOM_OBJECT = 8;
+
+    /**
+     * This class cannot be instantiated.
+     */
+    final private function __construct()
+    {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Id/TableGenerator.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Id/TableGenerator.php
index 986205601d6..547d6b4d41b 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Id/TableGenerator.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Id/TableGenerator.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\DriverManager;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Connection;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
 
 /**
  * Table ID Generator for those poor languages that are missing sequences.
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ public function nextValue($sequenceName)
                    "WHERE sequence_name = ? " . $platform->getWriteLockSQL();
             $stmt = $this->conn->executeQuery($sql, [$sequenceName]);
 
-            if ($row = $stmt->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)) {
+            if ($row = $stmt->fetch(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE)) {
                 $row = array_change_key_case($row, CASE_LOWER);
 
                 $value = $row['sequence_value'];
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/ParameterType.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/ParameterType.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ac52bfcca8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/ParameterType.php
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Doctrine\DBAL;
+
+/**
+ * Contains statement parameter types.
+ */
+class ParameterType
+{
+    /**
+     * Represents the SQL NULL data type.
+     *
+     * @see \PDO::PARAM_NULL
+     */
+    public const NULL = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Represents the SQL INTEGER data type.
+     *
+     * @see \PDO::PARAM_INT
+     */
+    public const INTEGER = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * Represents the SQL CHAR, VARCHAR, or other string data type.
+     *
+     * @see \PDO::PARAM_STR
+     */
+    public const STRING = 2;
+
+    /**
+     * Represents the SQL large object data type.
+     *
+     * @see \PDO::PARAM_LOB
+     */
+    public const LARGE_OBJECT = 3;
+
+    /**
+     * Represents a boolean data type.
+     *
+     * @see \PDO::PARAM_BOOL
+     */
+    public const BOOLEAN = 5;
+
+    /**
+     * This class cannot be instantiated.
+     */
+    final private function __construct()
+    {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Portability/Connection.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Portability/Connection.php
index 7164ddbf46c..5002fbaf2e3 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Portability/Connection.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Portability/Connection.php
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Portability;
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Cache\QueryCacheProfile;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ColumnCase;
 
 /**
  * Portability wrapper for a Connection.
@@ -66,12 +67,13 @@ public function connect()
                 }
                 $this->portability = $params['portability'];
             }
+
             if (isset($params['fetch_case']) && $this->portability & self::PORTABILITY_FIX_CASE) {
                 if ($this->_conn instanceof \Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOConnection) {
                     // make use of c-level support for case handling
                     $this->_conn->setAttribute(\PDO::ATTR_CASE, $params['fetch_case']);
                 } else {
-                    $this->case = ($params['fetch_case'] == \PDO::CASE_LOWER) ? CASE_LOWER : CASE_UPPER;
+                    $this->case = ($params['fetch_case'] == ColumnCase::LOWER) ? CASE_LOWER : CASE_UPPER;
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Portability/Statement.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Portability/Statement.php
index 752c3319c8c..8f97dd2e0f7 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Portability/Statement.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Portability/Statement.php
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Portability;
 
-use PDO;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 
 /**
  * Portability wrapper for a Statement.
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ class Statement implements \IteratorAggregate, \Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement
     /**
      * @var integer
      */
-    private $defaultFetchMode = PDO::FETCH_BOTH;
+    private $defaultFetchMode = FetchMode::MIXED;
 
     /**
      * Wraps <tt>Statement</tt> and applies portability measures.
@@ -49,15 +50,15 @@ public function __construct($stmt, Connection $conn)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = null, $length = null)
+    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = ParameterType::STRING, $length = null)
     {
         return $this->stmt->bindParam($column, $variable, $type, $length);
     }
+
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-
-    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = null)
+    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         return $this->stmt->bindValue($param, $value, $type);
     }
@@ -105,11 +106,11 @@ public function execute($params = null)
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg1 = null, $arg2 = null)
+    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, ...$args)
     {
         $this->defaultFetchMode = $fetchMode;
 
-        return $this->stmt->setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg1, $arg2);
+        return $this->stmt->setFetchMode($fetchMode, ...$args);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -125,16 +126,17 @@ public function getIterator()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT, $cursorOffset = 0)
+    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
         $fetchMode = $fetchMode ?: $this->defaultFetchMode;
 
-        $row = $this->stmt->fetch($fetchMode);
+        $row = $this->stmt->fetch($fetchMode, ...$args);
+
+        $iterateRow = $this->portability & (Connection::PORTABILITY_EMPTY_TO_NULL|Connection::PORTABILITY_RTRIM);
+        $fixCase    = ! is_null($this->case) && ($fetchMode == FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE || $fetchMode == FetchMode::MIXED)
+            && ($this->portability & Connection::PORTABILITY_FIX_CASE);
 
-        $row = $this->fixRow($row,
-            $this->portability & (Connection::PORTABILITY_EMPTY_TO_NULL|Connection::PORTABILITY_RTRIM),
-            !is_null($this->case) && ($fetchMode == PDO::FETCH_ASSOC || $fetchMode == PDO::FETCH_BOTH) && ($this->portability & Connection::PORTABILITY_FIX_CASE)
-        );
+        $row = $this->fixRow($row, $iterateRow, $fixCase);
 
         return $row;
     }
@@ -142,23 +144,22 @@ public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NE
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = null)
+    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
         $fetchMode = $fetchMode ?: $this->defaultFetchMode;
 
-        if ($fetchArgument) {
-            $rows = $this->stmt->fetchAll($fetchMode, $fetchArgument);
-        } else {
-            $rows = $this->stmt->fetchAll($fetchMode);
-        }
+        $rows = $this->stmt->fetchAll($fetchMode, ...$args);
 
         $iterateRow = $this->portability & (Connection::PORTABILITY_EMPTY_TO_NULL|Connection::PORTABILITY_RTRIM);
-        $fixCase = !is_null($this->case) && ($fetchMode == PDO::FETCH_ASSOC || $fetchMode == PDO::FETCH_BOTH) && ($this->portability & Connection::PORTABILITY_FIX_CASE);
+        $fixCase    = ! is_null($this->case)
+            && ($fetchMode === FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE || $fetchMode === FetchMode::MIXED)
+            && ($this->portability & Connection::PORTABILITY_FIX_CASE);
+
         if ( ! $iterateRow && !$fixCase) {
             return $rows;
         }
 
-        if ($fetchMode === PDO::FETCH_COLUMN) {
+        if ($fetchMode === FetchMode::COLUMN) {
             foreach ($rows as $num => $row) {
                 $rows[$num] = [$row];
             }
@@ -168,7 +169,7 @@ public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = n
             $rows[$num] = $this->fixRow($row, $iterateRow, $fixCase);
         }
 
-        if ($fetchMode === PDO::FETCH_COLUMN) {
+        if ($fetchMode === FetchMode::COLUMN) {
             foreach ($rows as $num => $row) {
                 $rows[$num] = $row[0];
             }
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Query/QueryBuilder.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Query/QueryBuilder.php
index 9172ae7c645..8ab74b8d326 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Query/QueryBuilder.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Query/QueryBuilder.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Query;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Query\Expression\CompositeExpression;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Connection;
 
@@ -247,7 +248,7 @@ public function getSQL()
      *
      * @param string|integer      $key   The parameter position or name.
      * @param mixed               $value The parameter value.
-     * @param string|integer|null $type  One of the PDO::PARAM_* constants.
+     * @param string|integer|null $type  One of the {@link \Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType} constants.
      *
      * @return $this This QueryBuilder instance.
      */
@@ -1239,7 +1240,7 @@ public function __toString()
      *
      * @return string the placeholder name used.
      */
-    public function createNamedParameter($value, $type = \PDO::PARAM_STR, $placeHolder = null)
+    public function createNamedParameter($value, $type = ParameterType::STRING, $placeHolder = null)
     {
         if ($placeHolder === null) {
             $this->boundCounter++;
@@ -1263,8 +1264,8 @@ public function createNamedParameter($value, $type = \PDO::PARAM_STR, $placeHold
      *  $qb = $conn->createQueryBuilder();
      *  $qb->select('u.*')
      *     ->from('users', 'u')
-     *     ->where('u.username = ' . $qb->createPositionalParameter('Foo', PDO::PARAM_STR))
-     *     ->orWhere('u.username = ' . $qb->createPositionalParameter('Bar', PDO::PARAM_STR))
+     *     ->where('u.username = ' . $qb->createPositionalParameter('Foo', ParameterType::STRING))
+     *     ->orWhere('u.username = ' . $qb->createPositionalParameter('Bar', ParameterType::STRING))
      * </code>
      *
      * @param mixed   $value
@@ -1272,7 +1273,7 @@ public function createNamedParameter($value, $type = \PDO::PARAM_STR, $placeHold
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public function createPositionalParameter($value, $type = \PDO::PARAM_STR)
+    public function createPositionalParameter($value, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         $this->boundCounter++;
         $this->setParameter($this->boundCounter, $value, $type);
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/SQLParserUtils.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/SQLParserUtils.php
index d265d5a599f..eeac7a01067 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/SQLParserUtils.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/SQLParserUtils.php
@@ -122,7 +122,9 @@ public static function expandListParameters($query, $params, $types)
                 $types = array_merge(
                     array_slice($types, 0, $needle),
                     $count ?
-                        array_fill(0, $count, $types[$needle] - Connection::ARRAY_PARAM_OFFSET) : // array needles are at PDO::PARAM_* + 100
+                        // array needles are at {@link \Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType} constants
+                        // + {@link Doctrine\DBAL\Connection::ARRAY_PARAM_OFFSET}
+                        array_fill(0, $count, $types[$needle] - Connection::ARRAY_PARAM_OFFSET) :
                         [],
                     array_slice($types, $needle + 1)
                 );
@@ -149,7 +151,7 @@ public static function expandListParameters($query, $params, $types)
                 $pos         += $queryOffset;
                 $queryOffset -= ($paramLen - 1);
                 $paramsOrd[]  = $value;
-                $typesOrd[]   = static::extractParam($paramName, $types, false, \PDO::PARAM_STR);
+                $typesOrd[]   = static::extractParam($paramName, $types, false, ParameterType::STRING);
                 $query        = substr($query, 0, $pos) . '?' . substr($query, ($pos + $paramLen));
 
                 continue;
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Schema/SqliteSchemaManager.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Schema/SqliteSchemaManager.php
index 63d46d11b0f..231ce0481a0 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Schema/SqliteSchemaManager.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Schema/SqliteSchemaManager.php
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Schema;
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\DBALException;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\StringType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\TextType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type;
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@ protected function _getPortableTableIndexesList($tableIndexes, $tableName=null)
 
         // fetch primary
         $stmt = $this->_conn->executeQuery("PRAGMA TABLE_INFO ('$tableName')");
-        $indexArray = $stmt->fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        $indexArray = $stmt->fetchAll(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
 
         usort($indexArray, function($a, $b) {
             if ($a['pk'] == $b['pk']) {
@@ -183,7 +184,7 @@ protected function _getPortableTableIndexesList($tableIndexes, $tableName=null)
                 $idx['non_unique'] = $tableIndex['unique']?false:true;
 
                 $stmt = $this->_conn->executeQuery("PRAGMA INDEX_INFO ('{$keyName}')");
-                $indexArray = $stmt->fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+                $indexArray = $stmt->fetchAll(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
 
                 foreach ($indexArray as $indexColumnRow) {
                     $idx['column_name'] = $indexColumnRow['name'];
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Statement.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Statement.php
index c08a0b52866..c1f0b906dc6 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Statement.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Statement.php
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL;
 
-use PDO;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement as DriverStatement;
 
@@ -85,7 +84,7 @@ public function __construct($sql, Connection $conn)
      *
      * @return boolean TRUE on success, FALSE on failure.
      */
-    public function bindValue($name, $value, $type = null)
+    public function bindValue($name, $value, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
     {
         $this->params[$name] = $value;
         $this->types[$name] = $type;
@@ -97,7 +96,7 @@ public function bindValue($name, $value, $type = null)
                 $value = $type->convertToDatabaseValue($value, $this->platform);
                 $bindingType = $type->getBindingType();
             } else {
-                $bindingType = $type; // PDO::PARAM_* constants
+                $bindingType = $type;
             }
 
             return $this->stmt->bindValue($name, $value, $bindingType);
@@ -119,7 +118,7 @@ public function bindValue($name, $value, $type = null)
      *
      * @return boolean TRUE on success, FALSE on failure.
      */
-    public function bindParam($name, &$var, $type = PDO::PARAM_STR, $length = null)
+    public function bindParam($name, &$var, $type = ParameterType::STRING, $length = null)
     {
         $this->params[$name] = $var;
         $this->types[$name] = $type;
@@ -213,15 +212,9 @@ public function errorInfo()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg2 = null, $arg3 = null)
+    public function setFetchMode($fetchMode, ...$args)
     {
-        if ($arg2 === null) {
-            return $this->stmt->setFetchMode($fetchMode);
-        } elseif ($arg3 === null) {
-            return $this->stmt->setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg2);
-        }
-
-        return $this->stmt->setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg2, $arg3);
+        return $this->stmt->setFetchMode($fetchMode, ...$args);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -237,21 +230,17 @@ public function getIterator()
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, $cursorOrientation = \PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT, $cursorOffset = 0)
+    public function fetch($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
-        return $this->stmt->fetch($fetchMode);
+        return $this->stmt->fetch($fetchMode, ...$args);
     }
 
     /**
      * {@inheritdoc}
      */
-    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $fetchArgument = null, $ctorArgs = null)
+    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, ...$args)
     {
-        if ($fetchArgument) {
-            return $this->stmt->fetchAll($fetchMode, $fetchArgument);
-        }
-
-        return $this->stmt->fetchAll($fetchMode);
+        return $this->stmt->fetchAll($fetchMode, ...$args);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BigIntType.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BigIntType.php
index d817344de4c..d579af34ad5 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BigIntType.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BigIntType.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Types;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
 
 /**
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ public function getSQLDeclaration(array $fieldDeclaration, AbstractPlatform $pla
      */
     public function getBindingType()
     {
-        return \PDO::PARAM_STR;
+        return ParameterType::STRING;
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BinaryType.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BinaryType.php
index 64a32360967..e2c27876578 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BinaryType.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BinaryType.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Types;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
 
 /**
@@ -56,6 +57,6 @@ public function getName()
      */
     public function getBindingType()
     {
-        return \PDO::PARAM_LOB;
+        return ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT;
     }
 }
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BlobType.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BlobType.php
index dc831c4a3d9..816563f2fd3 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BlobType.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BlobType.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Types;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
 
 /**
@@ -55,6 +56,6 @@ public function getName()
      */
     public function getBindingType()
     {
-        return \PDO::PARAM_LOB;
+        return ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT;
     }
 }
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BooleanType.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BooleanType.php
index 099ff0595a3..77dc9eba617 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BooleanType.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/BooleanType.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Types;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
 
 /**
@@ -48,6 +49,6 @@ public function getName()
      */
     public function getBindingType()
     {
-        return \PDO::PARAM_BOOL;
+        return ParameterType::BOOLEAN;
     }
 }
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/IntegerType.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/IntegerType.php
index f99cf4fb55e..60b183a009a 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/IntegerType.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/IntegerType.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Types;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
 
 /**
@@ -41,6 +42,6 @@ public function convertToPHPValue($value, AbstractPlatform $platform)
      */
     public function getBindingType()
     {
-        return \PDO::PARAM_INT;
+        return ParameterType::INTEGER;
     }
 }
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/SmallIntType.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/SmallIntType.php
index 19e56966a93..4fc2ab96211 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/SmallIntType.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/SmallIntType.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Types;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
 
 /**
@@ -40,6 +41,6 @@ public function convertToPHPValue($value, AbstractPlatform $platform)
      */
     public function getBindingType()
     {
-        return \PDO::PARAM_INT;
+        return ParameterType::INTEGER;
     }
 }
diff --git a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/Type.php b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/Type.php
index 7f6cafd1057..ee4c92387c6 100644
--- a/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/Type.php
+++ b/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Types/Type.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\DBAL\Types;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\DBALException;
 
@@ -230,19 +231,13 @@ public static function overrideType($name, $className)
      * Gets the (preferred) binding type for values of this type that
      * can be used when binding parameters to prepared statements.
      *
-     * This method should return one of the PDO::PARAM_* constants, that is, one of:
-     *
-     * PDO::PARAM_BOOL
-     * PDO::PARAM_NULL
-     * PDO::PARAM_INT
-     * PDO::PARAM_STR
-     * PDO::PARAM_LOB
+     * This method should return one of the {@link \Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType} constants.
      *
      * @return integer
      */
     public function getBindingType()
     {
-        return \PDO::PARAM_STR;
+        return ParameterType::STRING;
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Cache/QueryCacheProfileTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Cache/QueryCacheProfileTest.php
index fcc46382d18..553af666784 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Cache/QueryCacheProfileTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Cache/QueryCacheProfileTest.php
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Cache;
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Cache\QueryCacheProfile;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\Tests\DbalTestCase;
-use PDO;
 
 class QueryCacheProfileTest extends DbalTestCase
 {
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ public function testShouldUseTheGivenCacheKeyIfPresent()
     {
         $query  = 'SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar = ?';
         $params = [666];
-        $types  = [PDO::PARAM_INT];
+        $types  = [ParameterType::INTEGER];
 
         $connectionParams = array(
             'dbname'   => 'database_name',
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ public function testShouldGenerateAnAutomaticKeyIfNoKeyHasBeenGiven()
     {
         $query  = 'SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar = ?';
         $params = [666];
-        $types  = [PDO::PARAM_INT];
+        $types  = [ParameterType::INTEGER];
 
         $connectionParams = array(
             'dbname'   => 'database_name',
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ public function testShouldGenerateDifferentKeysForSameQueryAndParamsAndDifferent
     {
         $query  = 'SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar = ?';
         $params = [666];
-        $types  = [PDO::PARAM_INT];
+        $types  = [ParameterType::INTEGER];
 
         $connectionParams = array(
             'dbname'   => 'database_name',
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ public function testShouldGenerateSameKeysIfNoneOfTheParamsChanges()
     {
         $query  = 'SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar = ?';
         $params = [666];
-        $types  = [PDO::PARAM_INT];
+        $types  = [ParameterType::INTEGER];
 
         $connectionParams = array(
             'dbname'   => 'database_name',
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/ConnectionTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/ConnectionTest.php
index 43ed2b214cb..ef20791120d 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/ConnectionTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/ConnectionTest.php
@@ -11,13 +11,18 @@
 use Doctrine\DBAL\ConnectionException;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\DBALException;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Connection as DriverConnection;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Events;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Exception\InvalidArgumentException;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
-use Doctrine\Tests\Mocks\DriverConnectionMock;
 use Doctrine\Tests\Mocks\DriverMock;
 use Doctrine\Tests\Mocks\VersionAwarePlatformDriverMock;
 
+/**
+ * @requires extension pdo_mysql
+ */
 class ConnectionTest extends \Doctrine\Tests\DbalTestCase
 {
     /**
@@ -44,7 +49,9 @@ public function getExecuteUpdateMockConnection()
 
         $driverMock->expects($this->any())
             ->method('connect')
-            ->will($this->returnValue(new DriverConnectionMock()));
+            ->will($this->returnValue(
+                $this->createMock(DriverConnection::class)
+            ));
 
         $conn = $this->getMockBuilder(Connection::class)
             ->setMethods(['executeUpdate'])
@@ -153,6 +160,7 @@ public function testEventManagerPassedToPlatform()
     }
 
     /**
+     * @requires extension pdo_sqlite
      * @expectedException \Doctrine\DBAL\DBALException
      * @dataProvider getQueryMethods
      */
@@ -231,7 +239,9 @@ public function testConnectStartsTransactionInNoAutoCommitMode()
         $driverMock = $this->createMock('Doctrine\DBAL\Driver');
         $driverMock->expects($this->any())
             ->method('connect')
-            ->will($this->returnValue(new DriverConnectionMock()));
+            ->will($this->returnValue(
+                $this->createMock(DriverConnection::class)
+            ));
         $conn = new Connection(array('platform' => new Mocks\MockPlatform()), $driverMock);
 
         $conn->setAutoCommit(false);
@@ -251,7 +261,9 @@ public function testCommitStartsTransactionInNoAutoCommitMode()
         $driverMock = $this->createMock('Doctrine\DBAL\Driver');
         $driverMock->expects($this->any())
             ->method('connect')
-            ->will($this->returnValue(new DriverConnectionMock()));
+            ->will($this->returnValue(
+                $this->createMock(DriverConnection::class)
+            ));
         $conn = new Connection(array('platform' => new Mocks\MockPlatform()), $driverMock);
 
         $conn->setAutoCommit(false);
@@ -269,7 +281,9 @@ public function testRollBackStartsTransactionInNoAutoCommitMode()
         $driverMock = $this->createMock('Doctrine\DBAL\Driver');
         $driverMock->expects($this->any())
             ->method('connect')
-            ->will($this->returnValue(new DriverConnectionMock()));
+            ->will($this->returnValue(
+                $this->createMock(DriverConnection::class)
+            ));
         $conn = new Connection(array('platform' => new Mocks\MockPlatform()), $driverMock);
 
         $conn->setAutoCommit(false);
@@ -287,7 +301,9 @@ public function testSwitchingAutoCommitModeCommitsAllCurrentTransactions()
         $driverMock = $this->createMock('Doctrine\DBAL\Driver');
         $driverMock->expects($this->any())
             ->method('connect')
-            ->will($this->returnValue(new DriverConnectionMock()));
+            ->will($this->returnValue(
+                $this->createMock(DriverConnection::class)
+            ));
         $conn = new Connection(array('platform' => new Mocks\MockPlatform()), $driverMock);
 
         $conn->connect();
@@ -480,20 +496,22 @@ public function testFetchAssoc()
     {
         $statement = 'SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar = ?';
         $params    = array(666);
-        $types     = array(\PDO::PARAM_INT);
+        $types     = array(ParameterType::INTEGER);
         $result    = array();
 
         $driverMock = $this->createMock('Doctrine\DBAL\Driver');
 
         $driverMock->expects($this->any())
             ->method('connect')
-            ->will($this->returnValue(new DriverConnectionMock()));
+            ->will($this->returnValue(
+                $this->createMock(DriverConnection::class)
+            ));
 
         $driverStatementMock = $this->createMock('Doctrine\Tests\Mocks\DriverStatementMock');
 
         $driverStatementMock->expects($this->once())
             ->method('fetch')
-            ->with(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)
+            ->with(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE)
             ->will($this->returnValue($result));
 
         /** @var \PHPUnit_Framework_MockObject_MockObject|\Doctrine\DBAL\Connection $conn */
@@ -514,20 +532,22 @@ public function testFetchArray()
     {
         $statement = 'SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar = ?';
         $params    = array(666);
-        $types     = array(\PDO::PARAM_INT);
+        $types     = array(ParameterType::INTEGER);
         $result    = array();
 
         $driverMock = $this->createMock('Doctrine\DBAL\Driver');
 
         $driverMock->expects($this->any())
             ->method('connect')
-            ->will($this->returnValue(new DriverConnectionMock()));
+            ->will($this->returnValue(
+                $this->createMock(DriverConnection::class)
+            ));
 
         $driverStatementMock = $this->createMock('Doctrine\Tests\Mocks\DriverStatementMock');
 
         $driverStatementMock->expects($this->once())
             ->method('fetch')
-            ->with(\PDO::FETCH_NUM)
+            ->with(FetchMode::NUMERIC)
             ->will($this->returnValue($result));
 
         /** @var \PHPUnit_Framework_MockObject_MockObject|\Doctrine\DBAL\Connection $conn */
@@ -548,7 +568,7 @@ public function testFetchColumn()
     {
         $statement = 'SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar = ?';
         $params    = array(666);
-        $types     = array(\PDO::PARAM_INT);
+        $types     = array(ParameterType::INTEGER);
         $column    = 0;
         $result    = array();
 
@@ -556,7 +576,9 @@ public function testFetchColumn()
 
         $driverMock->expects($this->any())
             ->method('connect')
-            ->will($this->returnValue(new DriverConnectionMock()));
+            ->will($this->returnValue(
+                $this->createMock(DriverConnection::class)
+            ));
 
         $driverStatementMock = $this->createMock('Doctrine\Tests\Mocks\DriverStatementMock');
 
@@ -606,14 +628,16 @@ public function testFetchAll()
     {
         $statement = 'SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar = ?';
         $params    = array(666);
-        $types     = array(\PDO::PARAM_INT);
+        $types     = array(ParameterType::INTEGER);
         $result    = array();
 
         $driverMock = $this->createMock('Doctrine\DBAL\Driver');
 
         $driverMock->expects($this->any())
             ->method('connect')
-            ->will($this->returnValue(new DriverConnectionMock()));
+            ->will($this->returnValue(
+                $this->createMock(DriverConnection::class)
+            ));
 
         $driverStatementMock = $this->createMock('Doctrine\Tests\Mocks\DriverStatementMock');
 
@@ -756,7 +780,7 @@ public function testConnectionParamsArePassedToTheQueryCacheProfileInExecuteCach
 
         $query  = 'SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar = ?';
         $params = [666];
-        $types  = [\PDO::PARAM_INT];
+        $types  = [ParameterType::INTEGER];
 
         /* @var $queryCacheProfileMock QueryCacheProfile|\PHPUnit_Framework_MockObject_MockObject */
         $queryCacheProfileMock = $this->createMock(QueryCacheProfile::class);
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/DriverManagerTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/DriverManagerTest.php
index d5155de2f73..84f23c0bd9b 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/DriverManagerTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/DriverManagerTest.php
@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL;
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\DBALException;
-use Doctrine\Tests\Mocks\PDOMock;
 
 class DriverManagerTest extends \Doctrine\Tests\DbalTestCase
 {
     /**
+     * @requires extension pdo_sqlite
      * @expectedException \Doctrine\DBAL\DBALException
      */
     public function testInvalidPdoInstance()
@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@ public function testInvalidPdoInstance()
         $test = \Doctrine\DBAL\DriverManager::getConnection($options);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @requires extension pdo_sqlite
+     */
     public function testValidPdoInstance()
     {
         $options = array(
@@ -29,6 +32,7 @@ public function testValidPdoInstance()
 
     /**
      * @group DBAL-32
+     * @requires extension pdo_sqlite
      */
     public function testPdoInstanceSetErrorMode()
     {
@@ -58,6 +62,9 @@ public function testInvalidDriver()
         $conn = \Doctrine\DBAL\DriverManager::getConnection(array('driver' => 'invalid_driver'));
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @requires extension pdo_sqlite
+     */
     public function testCustomPlatform()
     {
         $mockPlatform = new \Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Mocks\MockPlatform();
@@ -70,6 +77,9 @@ public function testCustomPlatform()
         self::assertSame($mockPlatform, $conn->getDatabasePlatform());
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @requires extension pdo_sqlite
+     */
     public function testCustomWrapper()
     {
         $wrapperClass = 'Doctrine\Tests\Mocks\ConnectionMock';
@@ -83,6 +93,9 @@ public function testCustomWrapper()
         self::assertInstanceOf($wrapperClass, $conn);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @requires extension pdo_sqlite
+     */
     public function testInvalidWrapperClass()
     {
         $this->expectException(DBALException::class);
@@ -125,6 +138,18 @@ public function testDatabaseUrl($url, $expected)
             'url' => $url,
         );
 
+        if (isset($options['pdo'])) {
+            if ( ! extension_loaded('pdo')) {
+                $this->markTestSkipped('PDO is not installed');
+            }
+
+            $options['pdo'] = $this->createMock(\PDO::class);
+        }
+
+        $options = is_array($url) ? $url : array(
+            'url' => $url,
+        );
+
         if ($expected === false) {
             $this->expectException(DBALException::class);
         }
@@ -143,8 +168,6 @@ public function testDatabaseUrl($url, $expected)
 
     public function databaseUrls()
     {
-        $pdoMock = $this->createMock(PDOMock::class);
-
         return array(
             'simple URL' => array(
                 'mysql://foo:bar@localhost/baz',
@@ -217,7 +240,7 @@ public function databaseUrls()
                 false,
             ),
             'URL without scheme but default PDO driver' => array(
-                array('url' => '//foo:bar@localhost/baz', 'pdo' => $pdoMock),
+                array('url' => '//foo:bar@localhost/baz', 'pdo' => true),
                 false,
             ),
             'URL without scheme but default driver' => array(
@@ -229,7 +252,7 @@ public function databaseUrls()
                 array('user' => 'foo', 'password' => 'bar', 'host' => 'localhost', 'dbname' => 'baz', 'driverClass' => 'Doctrine\Tests\Mocks\DriverMock'),
             ),
             'URL without scheme but default PDO driver and default driver' => array(
-                array('url' => '//foo:bar@localhost/baz', 'pdo' => $pdoMock, 'driver' => 'pdo_mysql'),
+                array('url' => '//foo:bar@localhost/baz', 'pdo' => true, 'driver' => 'pdo_mysql'),
                 array('user' => 'foo', 'password' => 'bar', 'host' => 'localhost', 'dbname' => 'baz', 'driver' => 'Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOMySQL\Driver'),
             ),
             'URL without scheme but driver and custom driver' => array(
@@ -237,7 +260,7 @@ public function databaseUrls()
                 array('user' => 'foo', 'password' => 'bar', 'host' => 'localhost', 'dbname' => 'baz', 'driverClass' => 'Doctrine\Tests\Mocks\DriverMock'),
             ),
             'URL with default PDO driver' => array(
-                array('url' => 'mysql://foo:bar@localhost/baz', 'pdo' => $pdoMock),
+                array('url' => 'mysql://foo:bar@localhost/baz', 'pdo' => true),
                 array('user' => 'foo', 'password' => 'bar', 'host' => 'localhost', 'dbname' => 'baz', 'driver' => 'Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOMySQL\Driver'),
             ),
             'URL with default driver' => array(
@@ -249,7 +272,7 @@ public function databaseUrls()
                 array('user' => 'foo', 'password' => 'bar', 'host' => 'localhost', 'dbname' => 'baz', 'driver' => 'Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOMySQL\Driver'),
             ),
             'URL with default PDO driver and default driver' => array(
-                array('url' => 'mysql://foo:bar@localhost/baz', 'pdo' => $pdoMock, 'driver' => 'sqlite'),
+                array('url' => 'mysql://foo:bar@localhost/baz', 'pdo' => true, 'driver' => 'sqlite'),
                 array('user' => 'foo', 'password' => 'bar', 'host' => 'localhost', 'dbname' => 'baz', 'driver' => 'Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOMySQL\Driver'),
             ),
             'URL with default driver and default custom driver' => array(
@@ -257,7 +280,7 @@ public function databaseUrls()
                 array('user' => 'foo', 'password' => 'bar', 'host' => 'localhost', 'dbname' => 'baz', 'driver' => 'Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOMySQL\Driver'),
             ),
             'URL with default PDO driver and default driver and default custom driver' => array(
-                array('url' => 'mysql://foo:bar@localhost/baz', 'pdo' => $pdoMock, 'driver' => 'sqlite', 'driverClass' => 'Doctrine\Tests\Mocks\DriverMock'),
+                array('url' => 'mysql://foo:bar@localhost/baz', 'pdo' => true, 'driver' => 'sqlite', 'driverClass' => 'Doctrine\Tests\Mocks\DriverMock'),
                 array('user' => 'foo', 'password' => 'bar', 'host' => 'localhost', 'dbname' => 'baz', 'driver' => 'Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOMySQL\Driver'),
             ),
         );
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/BlobTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/BlobTest.php
index 557974e4cdc..11547b2e82f 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/BlobTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/BlobTest.php
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Functional;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type;
-use PDO;
 
 /**
  * @group DBAL-6
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ public function testInsert()
     {
         $ret = $this->_conn->insert('blob_table',
             array('id' => 1, 'clobfield' => 'test', 'blobfield' => 'test', 'binaryfield' => 'test'),
-            array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_STR, \PDO::PARAM_LOB, \PDO::PARAM_LOB)
+            array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::STRING, ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT, ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT)
         );
         self::assertEquals(1, $ret);
     }
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public function testSelect()
     {
         $this->_conn->insert('blob_table',
             array('id' => 1, 'clobfield' => 'test', 'blobfield' => 'test', 'binaryfield' => 'test'),
-            array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_STR, \PDO::PARAM_LOB, \PDO::PARAM_LOB)
+            array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::STRING, ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT, ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT)
         );
 
         $this->assertBlobContains('test');
@@ -58,13 +58,13 @@ public function testUpdate()
     {
         $this->_conn->insert('blob_table',
             array('id' => 1, 'clobfield' => 'test', 'blobfield' => 'test', 'binaryfield' => 'test'),
-            array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_STR, \PDO::PARAM_LOB, \PDO::PARAM_LOB)
+            array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::STRING, ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT, ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT)
         );
 
         $this->_conn->update('blob_table',
             array('blobfield' => 'test2', 'binaryfield' => 'test2'),
             array('id' => 1),
-            array(\PDO::PARAM_LOB, \PDO::PARAM_LOB, \PDO::PARAM_INT)
+            array(ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT, ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT, ParameterType::INTEGER)
         );
 
         $this->assertBlobContains('test2');
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/ConnectionTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/ConnectionTest.php
index a595d2d2a2d..e59a9520f29 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/ConnectionTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/ConnectionTest.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\ConnectionException;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\DriverManager;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type;
 
@@ -242,7 +243,10 @@ public function testTransactionalReturnValue()
      */
     public function testQuote()
     {
-        self::assertEquals($this->_conn->quote("foo", Type::STRING), $this->_conn->quote("foo", \PDO::PARAM_STR));
+        self::assertEquals(
+            $this->_conn->quote("foo", Type::STRING),
+            $this->_conn->quote("foo", ParameterType::STRING)
+        );
     }
 
     public function testPingDoesTriggersConnect()
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/DataAccessTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/DataAccessTest.php
index 6df4814f6e5..e465327a2e9 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/DataAccessTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/DataAccessTest.php
@@ -3,9 +3,10 @@
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Functional;
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Connection;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type;
-use PDO;
 
 class DataAccessTest extends \Doctrine\Tests\DbalFunctionalTestCase
 {
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ public function testPrepareWithBindValue()
         $stmt->bindValue(2, 'foo');
         $stmt->execute();
 
-        $row = $stmt->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        $row = $stmt->fetch(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
         $row = array_change_key_case($row, \CASE_LOWER);
         self::assertEquals(array('test_int' => 1, 'test_string' => 'foo'), $row);
     }
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ public function testPrepareWithBindParam()
         $stmt->bindParam(2, $paramStr);
         $stmt->execute();
 
-        $row = $stmt->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        $row = $stmt->fetch(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
         $row = array_change_key_case($row, \CASE_LOWER);
         self::assertEquals(array('test_int' => 1, 'test_string' => 'foo'), $row);
     }
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ public function testPrepareWithFetchAll()
         $stmt->bindParam(2, $paramStr);
         $stmt->execute();
 
-        $rows = $stmt->fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        $rows    = $stmt->fetchAll(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
         $rows[0] = array_change_key_case($rows[0], \CASE_LOWER);
         self::assertEquals(array('test_int' => 1, 'test_string' => 'foo'), $rows[0]);
     }
@@ -98,7 +99,7 @@ public function testPrepareWithFetchAllBoth()
         $stmt->bindParam(2, $paramStr);
         $stmt->execute();
 
-        $rows = $stmt->fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_BOTH);
+        $rows    = $stmt->fetchAll(FetchMode::MIXED);
         $rows[0] = array_change_key_case($rows[0], \CASE_LOWER);
         self::assertEquals(array('test_int' => 1, 'test_string' => 'foo', 0 => 1, 1 => 'foo'), $rows[0]);
     }
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@ public function testPrepareWithIterator()
         $stmt->execute();
 
         $rows = array();
-        $stmt->setFetchMode(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        $stmt->setFetchMode(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
         foreach ($stmt as $row) {
             $rows[] = array_change_key_case($row, \CASE_LOWER);
         }
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ public function testPrepareWithExecuteParams()
         self::assertInstanceOf('Doctrine\DBAL\Statement', $stmt);
         $stmt->execute(array($paramInt, $paramStr));
 
-        $row = $stmt->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        $row = $stmt->fetch(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
         self::assertNotFalse($row);
         $row = array_change_key_case($row, \CASE_LOWER);
         self::assertEquals(array('test_int' => 1, 'test_string' => 'foo'), $row);
@@ -192,8 +193,9 @@ public function testFetchAllWithTypes()
     {
         $datetimeString = '2010-01-01 10:10:10';
         $datetime = new \DateTime($datetimeString);
-        $sql = "SELECT test_int, test_datetime FROM fetch_table WHERE test_int = ? AND test_datetime = ?";
-        $data = $this->_conn->fetchAll($sql, array(1, $datetime), array(PDO::PARAM_STR, Type::DATETIME));
+
+        $sql  = "SELECT test_int, test_datetime FROM fetch_table WHERE test_int = ? AND test_datetime = ?";
+        $data = $this->_conn->fetchAll($sql, array(1, $datetime), array(ParameterType::STRING, Type::DATETIME));
 
         self::assertCount(1, $data);
 
@@ -225,7 +227,7 @@ public function testFetchAllWithMissingTypes()
     public function testFetchBoth()
     {
         $sql = "SELECT test_int, test_string FROM fetch_table WHERE test_int = ? AND test_string = ?";
-        $row = $this->_conn->executeQuery($sql, array(1, 'foo'))->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_BOTH);
+        $row = $this->_conn->executeQuery($sql, array(1, 'foo'))->fetch(FetchMode::MIXED);
 
         self::assertNotFalse($row);
 
@@ -261,8 +263,9 @@ public function testFetchAssocWithTypes()
     {
         $datetimeString = '2010-01-01 10:10:10';
         $datetime = new \DateTime($datetimeString);
+
         $sql = "SELECT test_int, test_datetime FROM fetch_table WHERE test_int = ? AND test_datetime = ?";
-        $row = $this->_conn->fetchAssoc($sql, array(1, $datetime), array(PDO::PARAM_STR, Type::DATETIME));
+        $row = $this->_conn->fetchAssoc($sql, array(1, $datetime), array(ParameterType::STRING, Type::DATETIME));
 
         self::assertNotFalse($row);
 
@@ -301,8 +304,9 @@ public function testFetchArrayWithTypes()
     {
         $datetimeString = '2010-01-01 10:10:10';
         $datetime = new \DateTime($datetimeString);
+
         $sql = "SELECT test_int, test_datetime FROM fetch_table WHERE test_int = ? AND test_datetime = ?";
-        $row = $this->_conn->fetchArray($sql, array(1, $datetime), array(PDO::PARAM_STR, Type::DATETIME));
+        $row = $this->_conn->fetchArray($sql, array(1, $datetime), array(ParameterType::STRING, Type::DATETIME));
 
         self::assertNotFalse($row);
 
@@ -345,8 +349,14 @@ public function testFetchColumnWithTypes()
     {
         $datetimeString = '2010-01-01 10:10:10';
         $datetime = new \DateTime($datetimeString);
-        $sql = "SELECT test_int, test_datetime FROM fetch_table WHERE test_int = ? AND test_datetime = ?";
-        $column = $this->_conn->fetchColumn($sql, array(1, $datetime), 1, array(PDO::PARAM_STR, Type::DATETIME));
+
+        $sql    = "SELECT test_int, test_datetime FROM fetch_table WHERE test_int = ? AND test_datetime = ?";
+        $column = $this->_conn->fetchColumn(
+            $sql,
+            array(1, $datetime),
+            1,
+            array(ParameterType::STRING, Type::DATETIME)
+        );
 
         self::assertNotFalse($column);
 
@@ -392,8 +402,16 @@ public function testExecuteUpdateBindDateTimeType()
 
         $sql = 'INSERT INTO fetch_table (test_int, test_string, test_datetime) VALUES (?, ?, ?)';
         $affectedRows = $this->_conn->executeUpdate($sql,
-            array(1 => 50,              2 => 'foo',             3 => $datetime),
-            array(1 => PDO::PARAM_INT,  2 => PDO::PARAM_STR,    3 => Type::DATETIME)
+            array(
+                1 => 50,
+                2 => 'foo',
+                3 => $datetime,
+            ),
+            array(
+                1 => ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                2 => ParameterType::STRING,
+                3 => Type::DATETIME,
+            )
         );
 
         self::assertEquals(1, $affectedRows);
@@ -429,14 +447,14 @@ public function testNativeArrayListSupport()
         $stmt = $this->_conn->executeQuery('SELECT test_int FROM fetch_table WHERE test_int IN (?)',
             array(array(100, 101, 102, 103, 104)), array(Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY));
 
-        $data = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_NUM);
+        $data = $stmt->fetchAll(FetchMode::NUMERIC);
         self::assertCount(5, $data);
         self::assertEquals(array(array(100), array(101), array(102), array(103), array(104)), $data);
 
         $stmt = $this->_conn->executeQuery('SELECT test_int FROM fetch_table WHERE test_string IN (?)',
             array(array('foo100', 'foo101', 'foo102', 'foo103', 'foo104')), array(Connection::PARAM_STR_ARRAY));
 
-        $data = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_NUM);
+        $data = $stmt->fetchAll(FetchMode::NUMERIC);
         self::assertCount(5, $data);
         self::assertEquals(array(array(100), array(101), array(102), array(103), array(104)), $data);
     }
@@ -613,8 +631,8 @@ public function testBitComparisonExpressionSupport()
         $sql[]  = $platform->getBitAndComparisonExpression('test_int', 2) . ' AS bit_and ';
         $sql[]  = 'FROM fetch_table';
 
-        $stmt   = $this->_conn->executeQuery(implode(PHP_EOL, $sql));
-        $data   = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        $stmt = $this->_conn->executeQuery(implode(PHP_EOL, $sql));
+        $data = $stmt->fetchAll(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
 
 
         self::assertCount(4, $data);
@@ -640,7 +658,7 @@ public function testBitComparisonExpressionSupport()
     public function testSetDefaultFetchMode()
     {
         $stmt = $this->_conn->query("SELECT * FROM fetch_table");
-        $stmt->setFetchMode(\PDO::FETCH_NUM);
+        $stmt->setFetchMode(FetchMode::NUMERIC);
 
         $row = array_keys($stmt->fetch());
         self::assertCount(0, array_filter($row, function($v) { return ! is_numeric($v); }), "should be no non-numerical elements in the result.");
@@ -658,7 +676,7 @@ public function testFetchAllStyleObject()
 
         $stmt->execute();
 
-        $results = $stmt->fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_OBJ);
+        $results = $stmt->fetchAll(FetchMode::STANDARD_OBJECT);
 
         self::assertCount(1, $results);
         self::assertInstanceOf('stdClass', $results[0]);
@@ -690,7 +708,7 @@ public function testFetchAllSupportFetchClass()
         $stmt->execute();
 
         $results = $stmt->fetchAll(
-            \PDO::FETCH_CLASS,
+            FetchMode::CUSTOM_OBJECT,
             __NAMESPACE__.'\\MyFetchClass'
         );
 
@@ -714,7 +732,7 @@ public function testFetchAllStyleColumn()
         $this->_conn->insert('fetch_table', array('test_int' => 10, 'test_string' => 'foo'));
 
         $sql = "SELECT test_int FROM fetch_table";
-        $rows = $this->_conn->query($sql)->fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_COLUMN);
+        $rows = $this->_conn->query($sql)->fetchAll(FetchMode::COLUMN);
 
         self::assertEquals(array(1, 10), $rows);
     }
@@ -729,7 +747,7 @@ public function testSetFetchModeClassFetchAll()
 
         $sql = "SELECT * FROM fetch_table";
         $stmt = $this->_conn->query($sql);
-        $stmt->setFetchMode(\PDO::FETCH_CLASS, __NAMESPACE__ . '\\MyFetchClass');
+        $stmt->setFetchMode(FetchMode::CUSTOM_OBJECT, __NAMESPACE__ . '\\MyFetchClass');
 
         $results = $stmt->fetchAll();
 
@@ -751,7 +769,7 @@ public function testSetFetchModeClassFetch()
 
         $sql = "SELECT * FROM fetch_table";
         $stmt = $this->_conn->query($sql);
-        $stmt->setFetchMode(\PDO::FETCH_CLASS, __NAMESPACE__ . '\\MyFetchClass');
+        $stmt->setFetchMode(FetchMode::CUSTOM_OBJECT, __NAMESPACE__ . '\\MyFetchClass');
 
         $results = array();
         while ($row = $stmt->fetch()) {
@@ -785,7 +803,7 @@ public function testSetFetchModeOnDbalStatement()
     {
         $sql = "SELECT test_int, test_string FROM fetch_table WHERE test_int = ? AND test_string = ?";
         $stmt = $this->_conn->executeQuery($sql, array(1, "foo"));
-        $stmt->setFetchMode(\PDO::FETCH_NUM);
+        $stmt->setFetchMode(FetchMode::NUMERIC);
 
         $row = $stmt->fetch();
 
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/Driver/PDOPgsqlConnectionTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/Driver/PDOPgsqlConnectionTest.php
index c4d7382d525..4669df7c19c 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/Driver/PDOPgsqlConnectionTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/Driver/PDOPgsqlConnectionTest.php
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Functional\Driver;
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\DriverManager;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\PostgreSqlPlatform;
 use Doctrine\Tests\DbalFunctionalTestCase;
 
@@ -40,7 +41,11 @@ public function testConnectsWithValidCharsetOption($charset)
             $this->_conn->getEventManager()
         );
 
-        self::assertEquals($charset, $connection->query("SHOW client_encoding")->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_COLUMN));
+        self::assertEquals(
+            $charset,
+            $connection->query("SHOW client_encoding")
+                ->fetch(FetchMode::COLUMN)
+        );
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/NamedParametersTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/NamedParametersTest.php
index 974cca52db7..e878a71d0fe 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/NamedParametersTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/NamedParametersTest.php
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Functional\Ticket;
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Connection;
-use PDO;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 
 /**
  * @group DDC-1372
@@ -17,7 +18,10 @@ public function ticketProvider()
             array(
                 'SELECT * FROM ddc1372_foobar f WHERE f.foo = :foo AND f.bar IN (:bar)',
                 array('foo'=>1,'bar'=> array(1, 2, 3)),
-                array('foo'=>PDO::PARAM_INT,'bar'=> Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY,),
+                array(
+                    'foo' => ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    'bar' => Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY,
+                ),
                 array(
                     array('id'=>1,'foo'=>1,'bar'=>1),
                     array('id'=>2,'foo'=>1,'bar'=>2),
@@ -28,7 +32,10 @@ public function ticketProvider()
             array(
                 'SELECT * FROM ddc1372_foobar f WHERE f.foo = :foo AND f.bar IN (:bar)',
                 array('foo'=>1,'bar'=> array(1, 2, 3)),
-                array('bar'=> Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY,'foo'=>PDO::PARAM_INT),
+                array(
+                    'bar' => Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY,
+                    'foo' => ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                ),
                 array(
                     array('id'=>1,'foo'=>1,'bar'=>1),
                     array('id'=>2,'foo'=>1,'bar'=>2),
@@ -39,7 +46,10 @@ public function ticketProvider()
             array(
                 'SELECT * FROM ddc1372_foobar f WHERE f.bar IN (:bar) AND f.foo = :foo',
                 array('foo'=>1,'bar'=> array(1, 2, 3)),
-                array('bar'=> Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY,'foo'=>PDO::PARAM_INT),
+                array(
+                    'bar' => Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY,
+                    'foo' => ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                ),
                 array(
                     array('id'=>1,'foo'=>1,'bar'=>1),
                     array('id'=>2,'foo'=>1,'bar'=>2),
@@ -50,7 +60,10 @@ public function ticketProvider()
             array(
                 'SELECT * FROM ddc1372_foobar f WHERE f.bar IN (:bar) AND f.foo = :foo',
                 array('foo'=>1,'bar'=> array('1', '2', '3')),
-                array('bar'=> Connection::PARAM_STR_ARRAY,'foo'=>PDO::PARAM_INT),
+                array(
+                    'bar' => Connection::PARAM_STR_ARRAY,
+                    'foo' => ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                ),
                 array(
                     array('id'=>1,'foo'=>1,'bar'=>1),
                     array('id'=>2,'foo'=>1,'bar'=>2),
@@ -73,7 +86,7 @@ public function ticketProvider()
             array(
                 'SELECT * FROM ddc1372_foobar f WHERE f.bar IN (:bar) AND f.foo IN (:foo)',
                 array('foo'=>1,'bar'=> 2),
-                array('bar'=>PDO::PARAM_INT,'foo'=>PDO::PARAM_INT),
+                array('bar'=>ParameterType::INTEGER,'foo'=>ParameterType::INTEGER),
                 array(
                     array('id'=>2,'foo'=>1,'bar'=>2),
                 )
@@ -82,7 +95,9 @@ public function ticketProvider()
             array(
                 'SELECT * FROM ddc1372_foobar f WHERE f.bar = :arg AND f.foo <> :arg',
                 array('arg'=>'1'),
-                array('arg'=>PDO::PARAM_STR),
+                array(
+                    'arg' => ParameterType::STRING,
+                ),
                 array(
                     array('id'=>5,'foo'=>2,'bar'=>1),
                 )
@@ -151,7 +166,7 @@ protected function setUp()
     public function testTicket($query,$params,$types,$expected)
     {
         $stmt   = $this->_conn->executeQuery($query, $params, $types);
-        $result = $stmt->fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        $result = $stmt->fetchAll(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
 
         foreach ($result as $k => $v) {
             $result[$k] = array_change_key_case($v, CASE_LOWER);
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/PortabilityTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/PortabilityTest.php
index cbadf508a15..78d0a03f68b 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/PortabilityTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/PortabilityTest.php
@@ -2,10 +2,11 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Functional;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ColumnCase;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Connection;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\DriverManager;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Portability\Connection as ConnectionPortability;
-use PDO;
 
 /**
  * @group DBAL-56
@@ -28,13 +29,17 @@ protected function tearDown()
      * @param   integer     $case
      * @return  Connection
      */
-    private function getPortableConnection($portabilityMode = \Doctrine\DBAL\Portability\Connection::PORTABILITY_ALL, $case = \PDO::CASE_LOWER)
-    {
+    private function getPortableConnection(
+        $portabilityMode = ConnectionPortability::PORTABILITY_ALL,
+        $case = ColumnCase::LOWER
+    ) {
         if (!$this->portableConnection) {
             $params = $this->_conn->getParams();
-            $params['wrapperClass'] = 'Doctrine\DBAL\Portability\Connection';
-            $params['portability'] = $portabilityMode;
-            $params['fetch_case'] = $case;
+
+            $params['wrapperClass'] = ConnectionPortability::class;
+            $params['portability']  = $portabilityMode;
+            $params['fetch_case']   = $case;
+
             $this->portableConnection = DriverManager::getConnection($params, $this->_conn->getConfiguration(), $this->_conn->getEventManager());
 
             try {
@@ -64,19 +69,22 @@ public function testFullFetchMode()
         $this->assertFetchResultRows($rows);
 
         $stmt = $this->getPortableConnection()->query('SELECT * FROM portability_table');
-        $stmt->setFetchMode(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        $stmt->setFetchMode(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
+
         foreach ($stmt as $row) {
             $this->assertFetchResultRow($row);
         }
 
         $stmt = $this->getPortableConnection()->query('SELECT * FROM portability_table');
-        while (($row = $stmt->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC))) {
+
+        while (($row = $stmt->fetch(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE))) {
             $this->assertFetchResultRow($row);
         }
 
         $stmt = $this->getPortableConnection()->prepare('SELECT * FROM portability_table');
         $stmt->execute();
-        while (($row = $stmt->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC))) {
+
+        while (($row = $stmt->fetch(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE))) {
             $this->assertFetchResultRow($row);
         }
     }
@@ -84,7 +92,7 @@ public function testFullFetchMode()
     public function testConnFetchMode()
     {
         $conn = $this->getPortableConnection();
-        $conn->setFetchMode(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        $conn->setFetchMode(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
 
         $rows = $conn->fetchAll('SELECT * FROM portability_table');
         $this->assertFetchResultRows($rows);
@@ -120,10 +128,13 @@ public function assertFetchResultRow($row)
         self::assertArrayHasKey('test_string', $row, "Case should be lowered.");
         self::assertEquals(3, strlen($row['test_string']), "test_string should be rtrimed to length of three for CHAR(32) column.");
         self::assertNull($row['test_null']);
-        self::assertArrayNotHasKey(0, $row, "PDO::FETCH_ASSOC should not return numerical keys.");
+        self::assertArrayNotHasKey(0, $row, "The row should not contain numerical keys.");
     }
 
-    public function testPortabilitySqlServer()
+    /**
+     * @requires extension pdo
+     */
+    public function testPortabilityPdoSqlServer()
     {
         $portability = ConnectionPortability::PORTABILITY_SQLSRV;
         $params = array(
@@ -153,7 +164,7 @@ public function testFetchAllColumn($field, array $expected)
         $conn = $this->getPortableConnection();
         $stmt = $conn->query('SELECT ' . $field . ' FROM portability_table');
 
-        $column = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_COLUMN);
+        $column = $stmt->fetchAll(FetchMode::COLUMN);
         self::assertEquals($expected, $column);
     }
 
@@ -176,7 +187,7 @@ public function testFetchAllNullColumn()
         $conn = $this->getPortableConnection();
         $stmt = $conn->query('SELECT Test_Null FROM portability_table');
 
-        $column = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_COLUMN);
+        $column = $stmt->fetchAll(FetchMode::COLUMN);
         self::assertSame(array(null, null), $column);
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/ResultCacheTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/ResultCacheTest.php
index 76c2c8424e4..367a09f9e35 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/ResultCacheTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/ResultCacheTest.php
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Functional;
+
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Cache\QueryCacheProfile;
-use PDO;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
 
 /**
  * @group DDC-217
@@ -44,7 +45,10 @@ protected function tearDown()
 
     public function testCacheFetchAssoc()
     {
-        self::assertCacheNonCacheSelectSameFetchModeAreEqual($this->expectedResult, \PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        self::assertCacheNonCacheSelectSameFetchModeAreEqual(
+            $this->expectedResult,
+            FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE
+        );
     }
 
     public function testFetchNum()
@@ -53,7 +57,8 @@ public function testFetchNum()
         foreach ($this->expectedResult as $v) {
             $expectedResult[] = array_values($v);
         }
-        self::assertCacheNonCacheSelectSameFetchModeAreEqual($expectedResult, \PDO::FETCH_NUM);
+
+        self::assertCacheNonCacheSelectSameFetchModeAreEqual($expectedResult, FetchMode::NUMERIC);
     }
 
     public function testFetchBoth()
@@ -62,7 +67,8 @@ public function testFetchBoth()
         foreach ($this->expectedResult as $v) {
             $expectedResult[] = array_merge($v, array_values($v));
         }
-        self::assertCacheNonCacheSelectSameFetchModeAreEqual($expectedResult, \PDO::FETCH_BOTH);
+
+        self::assertCacheNonCacheSelectSameFetchModeAreEqual($expectedResult, FetchMode::MIXED);
     }
 
     public function testFetchColumn()
@@ -71,7 +77,8 @@ public function testFetchColumn()
         foreach ($this->expectedResult as $v) {
             $expectedResult[] = array_shift($v);
         }
-        self::assertCacheNonCacheSelectSameFetchModeAreEqual($expectedResult, \PDO::FETCH_COLUMN);
+
+        self::assertCacheNonCacheSelectSameFetchModeAreEqual($expectedResult, FetchMode::COLUMN);
     }
 
     public function testMixingFetch()
@@ -82,22 +89,22 @@ public function testMixingFetch()
         }
         $stmt = $this->_conn->executeQuery("SELECT * FROM caching ORDER BY test_int ASC", array(), array(), new QueryCacheProfile(10, "testcachekey"));
 
-        $data = $this->hydrateStmt($stmt, \PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        $data = $this->hydrateStmt($stmt, FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
 
         self::assertEquals($this->expectedResult, $data);
 
         $stmt = $this->_conn->executeQuery("SELECT * FROM caching ORDER BY test_int ASC", array(), array(), new QueryCacheProfile(10, "testcachekey"));
 
-        $data = $this->hydrateStmt($stmt, \PDO::FETCH_NUM);
+        $data = $this->hydrateStmt($stmt, FetchMode::NUMERIC);
 
         self::assertEquals($numExpectedResult, $data);
     }
 
     public function testIteratorFetch()
     {
-        self::assertStandardAndIteratorFetchAreEqual(\PDO::FETCH_BOTH);
-        self::assertStandardAndIteratorFetchAreEqual(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
-        self::assertStandardAndIteratorFetchAreEqual(\PDO::FETCH_NUM);
+        self::assertStandardAndIteratorFetchAreEqual(FetchMode::MIXED);
+        self::assertStandardAndIteratorFetchAreEqual(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
+        self::assertStandardAndIteratorFetchAreEqual(FetchMode::NUMERIC);
     }
 
     public function assertStandardAndIteratorFetchAreEqual($fetchMode)
@@ -116,14 +123,16 @@ public function testDontCloseNoCache()
         $stmt = $this->_conn->executeQuery("SELECT * FROM caching ORDER BY test_int ASC", array(), array(), new QueryCacheProfile(10, "testcachekey"));
 
         $data = array();
-        while ($row = $stmt->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)) {
+
+        while ($row = $stmt->fetch(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE)) {
             $data[] = $row;
         }
 
         $stmt = $this->_conn->executeQuery("SELECT * FROM caching ORDER BY test_int ASC", array(), array(), new QueryCacheProfile(10, "testcachekey"));
 
         $data = array();
-        while ($row = $stmt->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_NUM)) {
+
+        while ($row = $stmt->fetch(FetchMode::NUMERIC)) {
             $data[] = $row;
         }
 
@@ -134,12 +143,12 @@ public function testDontFinishNoCache()
     {
         $stmt = $this->_conn->executeQuery("SELECT * FROM caching ORDER BY test_int ASC", array(), array(), new QueryCacheProfile(10, "testcachekey"));
 
-        $row = $stmt->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
+        $stmt->fetch(FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE);
         $stmt->closeCursor();
 
         $stmt = $this->_conn->executeQuery("SELECT * FROM caching ORDER BY test_int ASC", array(), array(), new QueryCacheProfile(10, "testcachekey"));
 
-        $data = $this->hydrateStmt($stmt, \PDO::FETCH_NUM);
+        $this->hydrateStmt($stmt, FetchMode::NUMERIC);
 
         self::assertCount(2, $this->sqlLogger->queries);
     }
@@ -184,7 +193,7 @@ public function testChangeCacheImpl()
         self::assertCount(1, $secondCache->fetch("emptycachekey"));
     }
 
-    private function hydrateStmt($stmt, $fetchMode = \PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)
+    private function hydrateStmt($stmt, $fetchMode = FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE)
     {
         $data = array();
         while ($row = $stmt->fetch($fetchMode)) {
@@ -194,7 +203,7 @@ private function hydrateStmt($stmt, $fetchMode = \PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)
         return $data;
     }
 
-    private function hydrateStmtIterator($stmt, $fetchMode = \PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)
+    private function hydrateStmtIterator($stmt, $fetchMode = FetchMode::ASSOCIATIVE)
     {
         $data = array();
         $stmt->setFetchMode($fetchMode);
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/StatementTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/StatementTest.php
index a6408071c2a..4ab6cf76c21 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/StatementTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/StatementTest.php
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Functional;
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Schema\Table;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type;
 
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ public function testReuseStatementWithLongerResults()
         $stmt->execute();
         self::assertArraySubset(array(
             array('param1', 'X'),
-        ), $stmt->fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_NUM));
+        ), $stmt->fetchAll(FetchMode::NUMERIC));
 
         $row2 = array(
             'param' => 'param2',
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ public function testReuseStatementWithLongerResults()
         self::assertArraySubset(array(
             array('param1', 'X'),
             array('param2', 'A bit longer value'),
-        ), $stmt->fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_NUM));
+        ), $stmt->fetchAll(FetchMode::NUMERIC));
     }
 
     public function testFetchLongBlob()
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ public function testFetchLongBlob()
 
         $this->_conn->insert('stmt_long_blob', array(
             'contents' => $contents,
-        ), array(\PDO::PARAM_LOB));
+        ), array(ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT));
 
         $stmt = $this->_conn->prepare('SELECT contents FROM stmt_long_blob');
         $stmt->execute();
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/Ticket/DBAL630Test.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/Ticket/DBAL630Test.php
index 0d9eb3ea5d9..9a96ad2fb96 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/Ticket/DBAL630Test.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/Ticket/DBAL630Test.php
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Functional\Ticket;
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\DBALException;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use PDO;
 
 /**
@@ -52,7 +53,11 @@ public function testBooleanConversionSqlLiteral()
 
     public function testBooleanConversionBoolParamRealPrepares()
     {
-        $this->_conn->executeUpdate('INSERT INTO dbal630 (bool_col) VALUES(?)', array('false'), array(PDO::PARAM_BOOL));
+        $this->_conn->executeUpdate(
+            'INSERT INTO dbal630 (bool_col) VALUES(?)',
+            array('false'),
+            array(ParameterType::BOOLEAN)
+        );
         $id = $this->_conn->lastInsertId('dbal630_id_seq');
         self::assertNotEmpty($id);
 
@@ -68,7 +73,7 @@ public function testBooleanConversionBoolParamEmulatedPrepares()
         $platform = $this->_conn->getDatabasePlatform();
 
         $stmt = $this->_conn->prepare('INSERT INTO dbal630 (bool_col) VALUES(?)');
-        $stmt->bindValue(1, $platform->convertBooleansToDatabaseValue('false'), PDO::PARAM_BOOL);
+        $stmt->bindValue(1, $platform->convertBooleansToDatabaseValue('false'), ParameterType::BOOLEAN);
         $stmt->execute();
 
         $id = $this->_conn->lastInsertId('dbal630_id_seq');
@@ -116,7 +121,11 @@ public function testBooleanConversionNullParamEmulatedPreparesWithBooleanTypeInB
         $platform = $this->_conn->getDatabasePlatform();
 
         $stmt = $this->_conn->prepare('INSERT INTO dbal630_allow_nulls (bool_col) VALUES(?)');
-        $stmt->bindValue(1, $platform->convertBooleansToDatabaseValue($statementValue), PDO::PARAM_BOOL);
+        $stmt->bindValue(
+            1,
+            $platform->convertBooleansToDatabaseValue($statementValue),
+            ParameterType::BOOLEAN
+        );
         $stmt->execute();
 
         $id = $this->_conn->lastInsertId('dbal630_allow_nulls_id_seq');
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/WriteTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/WriteTest.php
index 7f072d26807..54f4b6a9837 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/WriteTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Functional/WriteTest.php
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Functional;
+
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type;
-use PDO;
 
 class WriteTest extends \Doctrine\Tests\DbalFunctionalTestCase
 {
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ protected function setUp()
     public function testExecuteUpdateFirstTypeIsNull()
     {
         $sql = "INSERT INTO write_table (test_string, test_int) VALUES (?, ?)";
-        $this->_conn->executeUpdate($sql, array("text", 1111), array(null, PDO::PARAM_INT));
+        $this->_conn->executeUpdate($sql, array("text", 1111), array(null, ParameterType::INTEGER));
 
         $sql = "SELECT * FROM write_table WHERE test_string = ? AND test_int = ?";
         self::assertTrue((bool)$this->_conn->fetchColumn($sql, array("text", 1111)));
@@ -48,7 +49,11 @@ public function testExecuteUpdate()
     public function testExecuteUpdateWithTypes()
     {
         $sql = "INSERT INTO write_table (test_int, test_string) VALUES (?, ?)";
-        $affected = $this->_conn->executeUpdate($sql, array(1, 'foo'), array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_STR));
+        $affected = $this->_conn->executeUpdate(
+            $sql,
+            array(1, 'foo'),
+            array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::STRING)
+        );
 
         self::assertEquals(1, $affected, "executeUpdate() should return the number of affected rows!");
     }
@@ -70,8 +75,8 @@ public function testPrepareWithPdoTypes()
         $sql = "INSERT INTO write_table (test_int, test_string) VALUES (?, ?)";
         $stmt = $this->_conn->prepare($sql);
 
-        $stmt->bindValue(1, 1, \PDO::PARAM_INT);
-        $stmt->bindValue(2, "foo", \PDO::PARAM_STR);
+        $stmt->bindValue(1, 1, ParameterType::INTEGER);
+        $stmt->bindValue(2, "foo", ParameterType::STRING);
         $stmt->execute();
 
         self::assertEquals(1, $stmt->rowCount());
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Portability/StatementTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Portability/StatementTest.php
index e369aab9286..2f35f0b64be 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Portability/StatementTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Portability/StatementTest.php
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Portability;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\FetchMode;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Portability\Connection;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Portability\Statement;
 
@@ -39,7 +41,7 @@ public function testBindParam()
     {
         $column   = 'mycolumn';
         $variable = 'myvalue';
-        $type     = \PDO::PARAM_STR;
+        $type     = ParameterType::STRING;
         $length   = 666;
 
         $this->wrappedStmt->expects($this->once())
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ public function testBindValue()
     {
         $param = 'myparam';
         $value = 'myvalue';
-        $type  = \PDO::PARAM_STR;
+        $type  = ParameterType::STRING;
 
         $this->wrappedStmt->expects($this->once())
             ->method('bindValue')
@@ -123,7 +125,7 @@ public function testExecute()
 
     public function testSetFetchMode()
     {
-        $fetchMode = \PDO::FETCH_CLASS;
+        $fetchMode = FetchMode::CUSTOM_OBJECT;
         $arg1      = 'MyClass';
         $arg2      = array(1, 2);
 
@@ -132,7 +134,7 @@ public function testSetFetchMode()
             ->with($fetchMode, $arg1, $arg2)
             ->will($this->returnValue(true));
 
-        self::assertAttributeSame(\PDO::FETCH_BOTH, 'defaultFetchMode', $this->stmt);
+        self::assertAttributeSame(FetchMode::MIXED, 'defaultFetchMode', $this->stmt);
         self::assertTrue($this->stmt->setFetchMode($fetchMode, $arg1, $arg2));
         self::assertAttributeSame($fetchMode, 'defaultFetchMode', $this->stmt);
     }
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Query/QueryBuilderTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Query/QueryBuilderTest.php
index 35c1b7e4f39..33263984161 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Query/QueryBuilderTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Query/QueryBuilderTest.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Query;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Query\Expression\ExpressionBuilder;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Query\QueryBuilder;
 
@@ -600,12 +601,12 @@ public function testCreateNamedParameter()
         $qb   = new QueryBuilder($this->conn);
 
         $qb->select('u.*')->from('users', 'u')->where(
-            $qb->expr()->eq('u.name', $qb->createNamedParameter(10, \PDO::PARAM_INT))
+            $qb->expr()->eq('u.name', $qb->createNamedParameter(10, ParameterType::INTEGER))
         );
 
         self::assertEquals('SELECT u.* FROM users u WHERE u.name = :dcValue1', (string)$qb);
         self::assertEquals(10, $qb->getParameter('dcValue1'));
-        self::assertEquals(\PDO::PARAM_INT, $qb->getParameterType('dcValue1'));
+        self::assertEquals(ParameterType::INTEGER, $qb->getParameterType('dcValue1'));
     }
 
     public function testCreateNamedParameterCustomPlaceholder()
@@ -613,12 +614,12 @@ public function testCreateNamedParameterCustomPlaceholder()
         $qb   = new QueryBuilder($this->conn);
 
         $qb->select('u.*')->from('users', 'u')->where(
-            $qb->expr()->eq('u.name', $qb->createNamedParameter(10, \PDO::PARAM_INT, ':test'))
+            $qb->expr()->eq('u.name', $qb->createNamedParameter(10, ParameterType::INTEGER, ':test'))
         );
 
         self::assertEquals('SELECT u.* FROM users u WHERE u.name = :test', (string)$qb);
         self::assertEquals(10, $qb->getParameter('test'));
-        self::assertEquals(\PDO::PARAM_INT, $qb->getParameterType('test'));
+        self::assertEquals(ParameterType::INTEGER, $qb->getParameterType('test'));
     }
 
     public function testCreatePositionalParameter()
@@ -626,12 +627,12 @@ public function testCreatePositionalParameter()
         $qb   = new QueryBuilder($this->conn);
 
         $qb->select('u.*')->from('users', 'u')->where(
-            $qb->expr()->eq('u.name', $qb->createPositionalParameter(10, \PDO::PARAM_INT))
+            $qb->expr()->eq('u.name', $qb->createPositionalParameter(10, ParameterType::INTEGER))
         );
 
         self::assertEquals('SELECT u.* FROM users u WHERE u.name = ?', (string)$qb);
         self::assertEquals(10, $qb->getParameter(1));
-        self::assertEquals(\PDO::PARAM_INT, $qb->getParameterType(1));
+        self::assertEquals(ParameterType::INTEGER, $qb->getParameterType(1));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -847,9 +848,9 @@ public function testGetParameterType()
 
         self::assertNull($qb->getParameterType('name'));
 
-        $qb->setParameter('name', 'foo', \PDO::PARAM_STR);
+        $qb->setParameter('name', 'foo', ParameterType::STRING);
 
-        self::assertSame(\PDO::PARAM_STR, $qb->getParameterType('name'));
+        self::assertSame(ParameterType::STRING, $qb->getParameterType('name'));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -868,12 +869,12 @@ public function testGetParameterTypes()
 
         self::assertSame(array(), $qb->getParameterTypes());
 
-        $qb->setParameter('name', 'foo', \PDO::PARAM_STR);
+        $qb->setParameter('name', 'foo', ParameterType::STRING);
 
         $qb->where('is_active = :isActive');
-        $qb->setParameter('isActive', true, \PDO::PARAM_BOOL);
+        $qb->setParameter('isActive', true, ParameterType::BOOLEAN);
 
-        self::assertSame(array('name' => \PDO::PARAM_STR, 'isActive' => \PDO::PARAM_BOOL), $qb->getParameterTypes());
+        self::assertSame(array('name' => ParameterType::STRING, 'isActive' => ParameterType::BOOLEAN), $qb->getParameterTypes());
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/SQLParserUtilsTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/SQLParserUtilsTest.php
index d284b107eb1..c357988bf6a 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/SQLParserUtilsTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/SQLParserUtilsTest.php
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL;
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Connection;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\SQLParserUtils;
 
 /**
@@ -95,34 +96,40 @@ public function dataExpandListParameters()
                 array(Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo IN (?, ?, ?)',
                 array(1, 2, 3),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER)
             ),
             // Positional: One non-list before d one after list-needle
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = ? AND bar IN (?)",
                 array("string", array(1, 2, 3)),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_STR, Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY),
+                array(ParameterType::STRING, Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = ? AND bar IN (?, ?, ?)',
                 array("string", 1, 2, 3),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_STR, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT)
+                array(ParameterType::STRING, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER)
             ),
             // Positional: One non-list after list-needle
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE bar IN (?) AND baz = ?",
                 array(array(1, 2, 3), "foo"),
-                array(Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY, \PDO::PARAM_STR),
+                array(Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY, ParameterType::STRING),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE bar IN (?, ?, ?) AND baz = ?',
                 array(1, 2, 3, "foo"),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_STR)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::STRING)
             ),
             // Positional: One non-list before and one after list-needle
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = ? AND bar IN (?) AND baz = ?",
                 array(1, array(1, 2, 3), 4),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY, \PDO::PARAM_INT),
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY, ParameterType::INTEGER),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = ? AND bar IN (?, ?, ?) AND baz = ?',
                 array(1, 1, 2, 3, 4),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT)
+                array(
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                )
             ),
             // Positional: Two lists
             array(
@@ -131,7 +138,13 @@ public function dataExpandListParameters()
                 array(Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY, Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo IN (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)',
                 array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT)
+                array(
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                )
             ),
             // Positional: Empty "integer" array DDC-1978
             array(
@@ -155,47 +168,67 @@ public function dataExpandListParameters()
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = ? AND bar = ? AND baz = ?",
                 array(1 => 'bar', 2 => 'baz', 0 => 1),
-                array(2 => \PDO::PARAM_STR, 1 => \PDO::PARAM_STR),
+                array(2 => ParameterType::STRING, 1 => ParameterType::STRING),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = ? AND bar = ? AND baz = ?',
                 array(1 => 'bar', 0 => 1, 2 => 'baz'),
-                array(1 => \PDO::PARAM_STR, 2 => \PDO::PARAM_STR)
+                array(1 => ParameterType::STRING, 2 => ParameterType::STRING),
             ),
             // Positional: explicit keys for array params and array types
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo IN (?) AND bar IN (?) AND baz = ?",
                 array(1 => array('bar1', 'bar2'), 2 => true, 0 => array(1, 2, 3)),
-                array(2 => \PDO::PARAM_BOOL, 1 => Connection::PARAM_STR_ARRAY, 0 => Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY),
+                array(2 => ParameterType::BOOLEAN, 1 => Connection::PARAM_STR_ARRAY, 0 => Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo IN (?, ?, ?) AND bar IN (?, ?) AND baz = ?',
                 array(1, 2, 3, 'bar1', 'bar2', true),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_STR, \PDO::PARAM_STR, \PDO::PARAM_BOOL)
+                array(
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::STRING,
+                    ParameterType::STRING,
+                    ParameterType::BOOLEAN,
+                )
             ),
             // Positional starts from 1: One non-list before and one after list-needle
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = ? AND bar IN (?) AND baz = ? AND foo IN (?)",
                 array(1 => 1, 2 => array(1, 2, 3), 3 => 4, 4 => array(5, 6)),
-                array(1 => \PDO::PARAM_INT, 2 => Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY, 3 => \PDO::PARAM_INT, 4 => Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY),
+                array(
+                    1 => ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    2 => Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY,
+                    3 => ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    4 => Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY,
+                ),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = ? AND bar IN (?, ?, ?) AND baz = ? AND foo IN (?, ?)',
                 array(1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT)
+                array(
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                    ParameterType::INTEGER,
+                )
             ),
             //  Named parameters : Very simple with param int
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = :foo",
                 array('foo'=>1),
-                array('foo'=>\PDO::PARAM_INT),
+                array('foo' => ParameterType::INTEGER),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = ?',
                 array(1),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER),
             ),
 
              //  Named parameters : Very simple with param int and string
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = :foo AND bar = :bar",
                 array('bar'=>'Some String','foo'=>1),
-                array('foo'=>\PDO::PARAM_INT,'bar'=>\PDO::PARAM_STR),
+                array('foo' => ParameterType::INTEGER, 'bar' => ParameterType::STRING),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = ? AND bar = ?',
                 array(1,'Some String'),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_STR)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::STRING)
             ),
             //  Named parameters : Very simple with one needle
             array(
@@ -204,34 +237,34 @@ public function dataExpandListParameters()
                 array('foo'=>Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo IN (?, ?, ?)',
                 array(1, 2, 3),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER),
             ),
             // Named parameters: One non-list before d one after list-needle
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = :foo AND bar IN (:bar)",
                 array('foo'=>"string", 'bar'=>array(1, 2, 3)),
-                array('foo'=>\PDO::PARAM_STR, 'bar'=>Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY),
+                array('foo' => ParameterType::STRING, 'bar' => Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = ? AND bar IN (?, ?, ?)',
                 array("string", 1, 2, 3),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_STR, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT)
+                array(ParameterType::STRING, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER)
             ),
             // Named parameters: One non-list after list-needle
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE bar IN (:bar) AND baz = :baz",
                 array('bar'=>array(1, 2, 3), 'baz'=>"foo"),
-                array('bar'=>Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY, 'baz'=>\PDO::PARAM_STR),
+                array('bar'=>Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY, 'baz'=>ParameterType::STRING),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE bar IN (?, ?, ?) AND baz = ?',
                 array(1, 2, 3, "foo"),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_STR)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::STRING)
             ),
             // Named parameters: One non-list before and one after list-needle
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = :foo AND bar IN (:bar) AND baz = :baz",
                 array('bar'=>array(1, 2, 3),'foo'=>1, 'baz'=>4),
-                array('bar'=>Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY, 'foo'=>\PDO::PARAM_INT, 'baz'=>\PDO::PARAM_INT),
+                array('bar'=>Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY, 'foo'=>ParameterType::INTEGER, 'baz'=>ParameterType::INTEGER),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = ? AND bar IN (?, ?, ?) AND baz = ?',
                 array(1, 1, 2, 3, 4),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER)
             ),
             // Named parameters: Two lists
             array(
@@ -240,16 +273,16 @@ public function dataExpandListParameters()
                 array('a'=>Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY, 'b'=>Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo IN (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)',
                 array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER)
             ),
             //  Named parameters : With the same name arg type string
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo <> :arg AND bar = :arg",
                 array('arg'=>"Some String"),
-                array('arg'=>\PDO::PARAM_STR),
+                array('arg'=>ParameterType::STRING),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo <> ? AND bar = ?',
                 array("Some String","Some String"),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_STR,\PDO::PARAM_STR,)
+                array(ParameterType::STRING,ParameterType::STRING,)
             ),
              //  Named parameters : With the same name arg
             array(
@@ -258,17 +291,17 @@ public function dataExpandListParameters()
                 array('arg'=>Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo IN (?, ?, ?) AND NOT bar IN (?, ?, ?)',
                 array(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT,\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT,\PDO::PARAM_INT,\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER,ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER,ParameterType::INTEGER,ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER)
             ),
 
              //  Named parameters : Same name, other name in between DBAL-299
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE (:foo = 2) AND (:bar = 3) AND (:foo = 2)",
                 array('foo'=>2,'bar'=>3),
-                array('foo'=>\PDO::PARAM_INT,'bar'=>\PDO::PARAM_INT),
+                array('foo'=>ParameterType::INTEGER,'bar'=>ParameterType::INTEGER),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE (? = 2) AND (? = 3) AND (? = 2)',
                 array(2, 3, 2),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER)
             ),
              //  Named parameters : Empty "integer" array DDC-1978
             array(
@@ -294,7 +327,7 @@ public function dataExpandListParameters()
                 array('foo' => Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY, 'baz' => 'string'),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo IN (?, ?) OR bar = ? OR baz = ?',
                 array(1, 2, 'bar', 'baz'),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_STR, 'string')
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::STRING, 'string')
             ),
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo IN (:foo) OR bar = :bar",
@@ -302,24 +335,24 @@ public function dataExpandListParameters()
                 array('foo' => Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo IN (?, ?) OR bar = ?',
                 array(1, 2, 'bar'),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_STR)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::STRING)
             ),
             // Params/types with colons
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = :foo OR bar = :bar",
                 array(':foo' => 'foo', ':bar' => 'bar'),
-                array(':foo' => \PDO::PARAM_INT),
+                array(':foo' => ParameterType::INTEGER),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = ? OR bar = ?',
                 array('foo', 'bar'),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_STR)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::STRING)
             ),
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = :foo OR bar = :bar",
                 array(':foo' => 'foo', ':bar' => 'bar'),
-                array(':foo' => \PDO::PARAM_INT, 'bar' => \PDO::PARAM_INT),
+                array(':foo' => ParameterType::INTEGER, 'bar' => ParameterType::INTEGER),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = ? OR bar = ?',
                 array('foo', 'bar'),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER)
             ),
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo IN (:foo) OR bar = :bar",
@@ -327,7 +360,7 @@ public function dataExpandListParameters()
                 array('foo' => Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo IN (?, ?) OR bar = ?',
                 array(1, 2, 'bar'),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_STR)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::STRING)
             ),
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo IN (:foo) OR bar = :bar",
@@ -335,33 +368,33 @@ public function dataExpandListParameters()
                 array(':foo' => Connection::PARAM_INT_ARRAY),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo IN (?, ?) OR bar = ?',
                 array(1, 2, 'bar'),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_STR)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::STRING)
             ),
             // DBAL-522 - null valued parameters are not considered
             array(
                 'INSERT INTO Foo (foo, bar) values (:foo, :bar)',
                 array('foo' => 1, 'bar' => null),
-                array(':foo' => \PDO::PARAM_INT, ':bar' => \PDO::PARAM_NULL),
+                array(':foo' => ParameterType::INTEGER, ':bar' => ParameterType::NULL),
                 'INSERT INTO Foo (foo, bar) values (?, ?)',
                 array(1, null),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_NULL)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::NULL)
             ),
             array(
                 'INSERT INTO Foo (foo, bar) values (?, ?)',
                 array(1, null),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_NULL),
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::NULL),
                 'INSERT INTO Foo (foo, bar) values (?, ?)',
                 array(1, null),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_NULL)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::NULL)
             ),
             // DBAL-1205 - Escaped single quotes SQL- and C-Style
             array(
                 "SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = :foo||''':not_a_param''\\'' OR bar = ''':not_a_param''\\'':bar",
                 array(':foo' => 1, ':bar' => 2),
-                array(':foo' => \PDO::PARAM_INT, 'bar' => \PDO::PARAM_INT),
+                array(':foo' => ParameterType::INTEGER, 'bar' => ParameterType::INTEGER),
                 'SELECT * FROM Foo WHERE foo = ?||\'\'\':not_a_param\'\'\\\'\' OR bar = \'\'\':not_a_param\'\'\\\'\'?',
                 array(1, 2),
-                array(\PDO::PARAM_INT, \PDO::PARAM_INT)
+                array(ParameterType::INTEGER, ParameterType::INTEGER)
             ),
         );
     }
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Schema/Synchronizer/SingleDatabaseSynchronizerTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Schema/Synchronizer/SingleDatabaseSynchronizerTest.php
index 9095a814c57..f1f8902a52d 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Schema/Synchronizer/SingleDatabaseSynchronizerTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Schema/Synchronizer/SingleDatabaseSynchronizerTest.php
@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Schema\Schema;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Schema\Synchronizer\SingleDatabaseSynchronizer;
 
+/**
+ * @requires extension pdo_sqlite
+ */
 class SingleDatabaseSynchronizerTest extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
 {
     private $conn;
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Sharding/PoolingShardConnectionTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Sharding/PoolingShardConnectionTest.php
index 10fc3cfd24e..4b6bc232406 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Sharding/PoolingShardConnectionTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Sharding/PoolingShardConnectionTest.php
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@
 use Doctrine\DBAL\DriverManager;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Sharding\ShardChoser\MultiTenantShardChoser;
 
+/**
+ * @requires extension pdo_sqlite
+ */
 class PoolingShardConnectionTest extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
 {
     public function testConnect()
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/StatementTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/StatementTest.php
index 3e05c5fb9c5..fa22536f2d4 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/StatementTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/StatementTest.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Statement;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Logging\SQLLogger;
 
@@ -62,12 +63,12 @@ protected function setUp()
 
     public function testExecuteCallsLoggerStartQueryWithParametersWhenValuesBound()
     {
-        $name = 'foo';
-        $var = 'bar';
-        $type = \PDO::PARAM_STR;
-        $values = array($name => $var);
-        $types = array($name => $type);
-        $sql = '';
+        $name   = 'foo';
+        $var    = 'bar';
+        $type   = ParameterType::STRING;
+        $values = [$name => $var];
+        $types  = [$name => $type];
+        $sql    = '';
 
         $logger = $this->createMock('\Doctrine\DBAL\Logging\SQLLogger');
         $logger->expects($this->once())
@@ -106,11 +107,11 @@ public function testExecuteCallsLoggerStartQueryWithParametersWhenParamsPassedTo
 
     public function testExecuteCallsStartQueryWithTheParametersBoundViaBindParam()
     {
-        $name = 'foo';
-        $var = 'bar';
+        $name   = 'foo';
+        $var    = 'bar';
         $values = [$name => $var];
-        $types = [$name => \PDO::PARAM_STR];
-        $sql = '';
+        $types  = [$name => ParameterType::STRING];
+        $sql    = '';
 
         $logger = $this->createMock(SQLLogger::class);
         $logger->expects(self::once())
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/BinaryTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/BinaryTest.php
index a68bf692381..f260d57c9f5 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/BinaryTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/BinaryTest.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Types;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type;
 use Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Mocks\MockPlatform;
 
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ protected function setUp()
 
     public function testReturnsBindingType()
     {
-        self::assertSame(\PDO::PARAM_LOB, $this->type->getBindingType());
+        self::assertSame(ParameterType::LARGE_OBJECT, $this->type->getBindingType());
     }
 
     public function testReturnsName()
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/DateImmutableTypeTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/DateImmutableTypeTest.php
index 9d32448be51..5051853eb2a 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/DateImmutableTypeTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/DateImmutableTypeTest.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Types;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\ConversionException;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\DateImmutableType;
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ public function testReturnsName()
 
     public function testReturnsBindingType()
     {
-        self::assertSame(\PDO::PARAM_STR, $this->type->getBindingType());
+        self::assertSame(ParameterType::STRING, $this->type->getBindingType());
     }
 
     public function testConvertsDateTimeImmutableInstanceToDatabaseValue()
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/DateTimeImmutableTypeTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/DateTimeImmutableTypeTest.php
index a134180830c..b7c99825e0a 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/DateTimeImmutableTypeTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/DateTimeImmutableTypeTest.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Types;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\ConversionException;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\DateTimeImmutableType;
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ public function testReturnsName()
 
     public function testReturnsBindingType()
     {
-        self::assertSame(\PDO::PARAM_STR, $this->type->getBindingType());
+        self::assertSame(ParameterType::STRING, $this->type->getBindingType());
     }
 
     public function testConvertsDateTimeImmutableInstanceToDatabaseValue()
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/DateTimeTzImmutableTypeTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/DateTimeTzImmutableTypeTest.php
index 87d448ceab0..302aea26b7f 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/DateTimeTzImmutableTypeTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/DateTimeTzImmutableTypeTest.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Types;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\ConversionException;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\DateTimeTzImmutableType;
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ public function testReturnsName()
 
     public function testReturnsBindingType()
     {
-        self::assertSame(\PDO::PARAM_STR, $this->type->getBindingType());
+        self::assertSame(ParameterType::STRING, $this->type->getBindingType());
     }
 
     public function testConvertsDateTimeImmutableInstanceToDatabaseValue()
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/JsonArrayTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/JsonArrayTest.php
index bbfc0365e30..211baeef101 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/JsonArrayTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/JsonArrayTest.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Types;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type;
 use Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Mocks\MockPlatform;
 
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ protected function setUp()
 
     public function testReturnsBindingType()
     {
-        self::assertSame(\PDO::PARAM_STR, $this->type->getBindingType());
+        self::assertSame(ParameterType::STRING, $this->type->getBindingType());
     }
 
     public function testReturnsName()
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/JsonTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/JsonTest.php
index 851b2e972b6..a92bf5f6c41 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/JsonTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/JsonTest.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Types;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type;
 use Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Mocks\MockPlatform;
 
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ protected function setUp()
 
     public function testReturnsBindingType()
     {
-        self::assertSame(\PDO::PARAM_STR, $this->type->getBindingType());
+        self::assertSame(ParameterType::STRING, $this->type->getBindingType());
     }
 
     public function testReturnsName()
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/TimeImmutableTypeTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/TimeImmutableTypeTest.php
index 9bca6fa0c34..c1de23ac641 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/TimeImmutableTypeTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/TimeImmutableTypeTest.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Types;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\ConversionException;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\TimeImmutableType;
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ public function testReturnsName()
 
     public function testReturnsBindingType()
     {
-        self::assertSame(\PDO::PARAM_STR, $this->type->getBindingType());
+        self::assertSame(ParameterType::STRING, $this->type->getBindingType());
     }
 
     public function testConvertsDateTimeImmutableInstanceToDatabaseValue()
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/VarDateTimeImmutableTypeTest.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/VarDateTimeImmutableTypeTest.php
index 1ce9adfc029..ebf21284651 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/VarDateTimeImmutableTypeTest.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/DBAL/Types/VarDateTimeImmutableTypeTest.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\DBAL\Types;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\ConversionException;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\VarDateTimeImmutableType;
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ public function testReturnsName()
 
     public function testReturnsBindingType()
     {
-        self::assertSame(\PDO::PARAM_STR, $this->type->getBindingType());
+        self::assertSame(ParameterType::STRING, $this->type->getBindingType());
     }
 
     public function testConvertsDateTimeImmutableInstanceToDatabaseValue()
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/Mocks/DriverConnectionMock.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/Mocks/DriverConnectionMock.php
index 03d44caae48..760dbff40cf 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/Mocks/DriverConnectionMock.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/Mocks/DriverConnectionMock.php
@@ -2,11 +2,17 @@
 
 namespace Doctrine\Tests\Mocks;
 
+use Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType;
+
 class DriverConnectionMock implements \Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Connection
 {
     public function prepare($prepareString) {}
     public function query() {}
-    public function quote($input, $type=\PDO::PARAM_STR) {}
+
+    public function quote($input, $type = ParameterType::STRING)
+    {
+    }
+
     public function exec($statement) {}
     public function lastInsertId($name = null) {}
     public function beginTransaction() {}
@@ -14,4 +20,4 @@ public function commit() {}
     public function rollBack() {}
     public function errorCode() {}
     public function errorInfo() {}
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/Mocks/HydratorMockStatement.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/Mocks/HydratorMockStatement.php
deleted file mode 100644
index 629352fbcc9..00000000000
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/Mocks/HydratorMockStatement.php
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-
-namespace Doctrine\Tests\Mocks;
-
-/**
- * This class is a mock of the Statement interface that can be passed in to the Hydrator
- * to test the hydration standalone with faked result sets.
- *
- * @author  Roman Borschel <roman@code-factory.org>
- */
-class HydratorMockStatement implements \Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\Statement
-{
-    private $_resultSet;
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a new mock statement that will serve the provided fake result set to clients.
-     *
-     * @param array $resultSet  The faked SQL result set.
-     */
-    public function __construct(array $resultSet)
-    {
-        $this->_resultSet = $resultSet;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Fetches all rows from the result set.
-     *
-     * @return array
-     */
-    public function fetchAll($fetchMode = null, $columnIndex = null, array $ctorArgs = null)
-    {
-        return $this->_resultSet;
-    }
-
-    public function fetchColumn($columnNumber = 0)
-    {
-        $row = current($this->_resultSet);
-        if ( ! is_array($row)) return false;
-        $val = array_shift($row);
-        return $val !== null ? $val : false;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Fetches the next row in the result set.
-     *
-     */
-    public function fetch($fetchMode = null)
-    {
-        $current = current($this->_resultSet);
-        next($this->_resultSet);
-        return $current;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Closes the cursor, enabling the statement to be executed again.
-     *
-     * @return boolean
-     */
-    public function closeCursor()
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    public function setResultSet(array $resultSet)
-    {
-        reset($resultSet);
-        $this->_resultSet = $resultSet;
-    }
-
-    public function bindColumn($column, &$param, $type = null)
-    {
-    }
-
-    public function bindValue($param, $value, $type = null)
-    {
-    }
-
-    public function bindParam($column, &$variable, $type = null, $length = null, $driverOptions = array())
-    {
-    }
-
-    public function columnCount()
-    {
-    }
-
-    public function errorCode()
-    {
-    }
-
-    public function errorInfo()
-    {
-    }
-
-    public function execute($params = array())
-    {
-    }
-
-    public function rowCount()
-    {
-    }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/Mocks/PDOMock.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/Mocks/PDOMock.php
deleted file mode 100644
index 0967c17b517..00000000000
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/Mocks/PDOMock.php
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-
-namespace Doctrine\Tests\Mocks;
-
-class PDOMock extends \PDO
-{
-    public function __construct()
-    {
-    }
-}
diff --git a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/TestUtil.php b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/TestUtil.php
index c9fbf28ef1f..db6d2b55e72 100644
--- a/tests/Doctrine/Tests/TestUtil.php
+++ b/tests/Doctrine/Tests/TestUtil.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Connection;
 use Doctrine\DBAL\DriverManager;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Assert;
 
 /**
  * TestUtil is a class with static utility methods used during tests.
@@ -110,7 +111,12 @@ private static function getSpecifiedConnectionParams() {
         return $realDbParams;
     }
 
-    private static function getFallbackConnectionParams() {
+    private static function getFallbackConnectionParams()
+    {
+        if ( ! extension_loaded('pdo_sqlite')) {
+            Assert::markTestSkipped('PDO SQLite extension is not loaded');
+        }
+
         $params = array(
             'driver' => 'pdo_sqlite',
             'memory' => true