diff --git a/src/libraries/System.Reflection.Metadata/src/System/Reflection/Metadata/Ecma335/CustomAttributeDecoder.cs b/src/libraries/System.Reflection.Metadata/src/System/Reflection/Metadata/Ecma335/CustomAttributeDecoder.cs
index 45deeee7853047..574fbd28d9c5db 100644
--- a/src/libraries/System.Reflection.Metadata/src/System/Reflection/Metadata/Ecma335/CustomAttributeDecoder.cs
+++ b/src/libraries/System.Reflection.Metadata/src/System/Reflection/Metadata/Ecma335/CustomAttributeDecoder.cs
@@ -231,6 +231,26 @@ private ArgumentTypeInfo DecodeFixedArgumentType(ref BlobReader signatureReader,
 
                     return DecodeFixedArgumentType(ref genericContextReader, default, isElementType);
 
+                case SignatureTypeCode.GenericTypeInstance:
+                    // Generic type instantiation. The parameter is a concrete generic type (e.g. GenericClass<int>.E)
+                    // and is only allowed to be System.Type or Enum.
+                    int kind = signatureReader.ReadCompressedInteger();
+                    if (kind != (int)SignatureTypeKind.Class && kind != (int)SignatureTypeKind.ValueType)
+                    {
+                        throw new BadImageFormatException();
+                    }
+
+                    EntityHandle genericHandle = signatureReader.ReadTypeHandle();
+                    int genericArgumentCount = signatureReader.ReadCompressedInteger();
+                    for (int i = 0; i < genericArgumentCount; i++)
+                    {
+                        SkipType(ref signatureReader);
+                    }
+
+                    info.Type = GetTypeFromHandle(genericHandle);
+                    info.TypeCode = _provider.IsSystemType(info.Type) ? SerializationTypeCode.Type : (SerializationTypeCode)_provider.GetUnderlyingEnumType(info.Type);
+                    break;
+
                 default:
                     throw new BadImageFormatException();
             }
diff --git a/src/libraries/System.Reflection.Metadata/tests/Metadata/Decoding/CustomAttributeDecoderTests.cs b/src/libraries/System.Reflection.Metadata/tests/Metadata/Decoding/CustomAttributeDecoderTests.cs
index b697f7fadab38d..39ad004854cabd 100644
--- a/src/libraries/System.Reflection.Metadata/tests/Metadata/Decoding/CustomAttributeDecoderTests.cs
+++ b/src/libraries/System.Reflection.Metadata/tests/Metadata/Decoding/CustomAttributeDecoderTests.cs
@@ -299,6 +299,66 @@ public void TestCustomAttributeDecoderGenericArray()
             }
         }
 
+        [ConditionalFact(typeof(PlatformDetection), nameof(PlatformDetection.HasAssemblyFiles))]
+        public void TestCustomAttributeDecoderGenericEnum()
+        {
+            Type type = typeof(HasGenericEnumAttribute);
+            using (FileStream stream = File.OpenRead(AssemblyPathHelper.GetAssemblyLocation(type.GetTypeInfo().Assembly)))
+            using (PEReader peReader = new PEReader(stream))
+            {
+                MetadataReader reader = peReader.GetMetadataReader();
+                CustomAttributeTypeProvider provider = new CustomAttributeTypeProvider();
+                TypeDefinitionHandle typeDefHandle = TestMetadataResolver.FindTestType(reader, type);
+
+                bool found = false;
+                foreach (CustomAttributeHandle attributeHandle in reader.GetCustomAttributes(typeDefHandle))
+                {
+                    CustomAttribute attribute = reader.GetCustomAttribute(attributeHandle);
+                    
+                    // Skip attributes that aren't GenericEnumAttribute
+                    if (!IsGenericEnumAttribute(reader, attribute))
+                        continue;
+
+                    CustomAttributeValue<string> value = attribute.DecodeValue(provider);
+                    
+                    Assert.Equal(1, value.FixedArguments.Length);
+                    // For enum types, the Type should be the enum's name in IL assembly notation
+                    // The enum E is nested in GenericClassForEnum`1, which is nested in the test class
+                    Assert.Contains("GenericClassForEnum", value.FixedArguments[0].Type);
+                    Assert.EndsWith("/E", value.FixedArguments[0].Type);
+                    Assert.Equal(0, value.FixedArguments[0].Value);
+                    Assert.Empty(value.NamedArguments);
+                    
+                    found = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+                
+                Assert.True(found, "GenericEnumAttribute was not found on HasGenericEnumAttribute");
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static bool IsGenericEnumAttribute(MetadataReader reader, CustomAttribute attribute)
+        {
+            if (attribute.Constructor.Kind == HandleKind.MemberReference)
+            {
+                MemberReference memberRef = reader.GetMemberReference((MemberReferenceHandle)attribute.Constructor);
+                if (memberRef.Parent.Kind == HandleKind.TypeReference)
+                {
+                    TypeReference typeRef = reader.GetTypeReference((TypeReferenceHandle)memberRef.Parent);
+                    string typeName = reader.GetString(typeRef.Name);
+                    return typeName == "GenericEnumAttribute";
+                }
+            }
+            else if (attribute.Constructor.Kind == HandleKind.MethodDefinition)
+            {
+                MethodDefinition methodDef = reader.GetMethodDefinition((MethodDefinitionHandle)attribute.Constructor);
+                TypeDefinition typeDef = reader.GetTypeDefinition(methodDef.GetDeclaringType());
+                string typeName = reader.GetString(typeDef.Name);
+                return typeName == "GenericEnumAttribute";
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
         [GenericAttribute<bool>]
         [GenericAttribute<string>("Hello")]
         [GenericAttribute<int>(12)]
@@ -341,6 +401,21 @@ public GenericAttribute2(K key, V value) { }
             public V Value { get; set; }
             public K[] ArrayProperty { get; set; }
         }
+
+        // Test for generic type instantiation in custom attributes (nested enum in generic type)
+        [GenericEnumAttribute(default(GenericClassForEnum<int>.E))]
+        public class HasGenericEnumAttribute { }
+
+        public class GenericClassForEnum<T>
+        {
+            public enum E : int { Value1 = 0, Value2 = 1 }
+        }
+
+        [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.All)]
+        public class GenericEnumAttribute : Attribute
+        {
+            public GenericEnumAttribute(GenericClassForEnum<int>.E e) { }
+        }
 #endif
 
         // no arguments
@@ -689,6 +764,15 @@ public string GetTypeFromSerializedName(string name)
 
             public PrimitiveTypeCode GetUnderlyingEnumType(string type)
             {
+#if NET && !TARGET_BROWSER
+                // Handle generic type instances with nested enums (e.g., "GenericClassForEnum`1/E")
+                // These appear when decoding generic type instantiations in custom attribute signatures
+                if (type.Contains("GenericClassForEnum") && type.Contains("/E"))
+                {
+                    return PrimitiveTypeCode.Int32;
+                }
+#endif
+
                 Type runtimeType = Type.GetType(type.Replace('/', '+')); // '/' vs '+' is only difference between ilasm and reflection notation for fixed set below.
 
                 if (runtimeType == typeof(SByteEnum))