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[[kibana-navigation]] | ||
== Routing, Navigation and URL | ||
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The {kib} platform provides a set of tools to help developers build consistent experience around routing and browser navigation. | ||
Some of that tooling is inside `core`, some is available as part of various plugins. | ||
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The purpose of this guide is to give a high-level overview of available tools and to explain common approaches for handling routing and browser navigation. | ||
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This guide covers following topics: | ||
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* <<deep-linking>> | ||
* <<navigating-between-kibana-apps>> | ||
* <<routing>> | ||
* <<history-and-location>> | ||
* <<state-sync>> | ||
* <<preserve-state>> | ||
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[[deep-linking]] | ||
=== Deep-linking into {kib} apps | ||
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Assuming you want to link from your app to *Discover*. When building such URL there are two things to consider: | ||
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1. Prepending a proper `basePath`. | ||
2. Specifying *Discover* state. | ||
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==== Prepending a proper `basePath` | ||
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To prepend {kib}'s `basePath` use {kib-repo}tree/{branch}/docs/development/core/public/kibana-plugin-core-public.ibasepath.prepend.md[core.http.basePath.prepend] helper: | ||
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[source,typescript jsx] | ||
---- | ||
const discoverUrl = core.http.basePath.prepend(`/discover`); | ||
console.log(discoverUrl); // http://localhost:5601/bpr/s/space/app/discover | ||
---- | ||
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==== Specifying state | ||
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**Consider a {kib} app URL a part of app's plugin contract:** | ||
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. Avoid hardcoding other app's URL in your app's code. | ||
. Avoid generating other app's state and serializing it into URL query params. | ||
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[source,typescript jsx] | ||
---- | ||
// Avoid relying on other app's state structure in your app's code: | ||
const discoverUrlWithSomeState = core.http.basePath.prepend(`/discover#/?_g=(filters:!(),refreshInterval:(pause:!t,value:0),time:(from:'2020-09-10T11:39:50.203Z',to:'2020-09-10T11:40:20.249Z'))&_a=(columns:!(_source),filters:!(),index:'90943e30-9a47-11e8-b64d-95841ca0b247',interval:auto,query:(language:kuery,query:''),sort:!())`); | ||
---- | ||
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Instead, each app should expose {kib-repo}tree/{branch}/src/plugins/share/public/url_generators/README.md[a URL generator]. | ||
Other apps should use those URL generators for creating URLs. | ||
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[source,typescript jsx] | ||
---- | ||
// Properly generated URL to *Discover* app. Generator code is owned by *Discover* app and available on *Discover*'s plugin contract. | ||
const discoverUrl = discoverUrlGenerator.createUrl({filters, timeRange}); | ||
---- | ||
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To get a better idea, take a look at *Discover* URL generator {kib-repo}tree/{branch}/src/plugins/discover/public/url_generator.ts[implementation]. | ||
It allows specifying various **Discover** app state pieces like: index pattern, filters, query, time range and more. | ||
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There are two ways to access other's app URL generator in your code: | ||
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1. From a plugin contract of a destination app *(preferred)*. | ||
2. Using URL generator service instance on `share` plugin contract (in case an explicit plugin dependency is not possible). | ||
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In case you want other apps to link to your app, then you should create a URL generator and expose it on your plugin's contract. | ||
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[[navigating-between-kibana-apps]] | ||
=== Navigating between {kib} apps | ||
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{kib} is a single page application and there is a set of simple rules developers should follow | ||
to make sure there is no page reload when navigating from one place in {kib} to another. | ||
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For example, navigation using native browser APIs would cause a full page reload. | ||
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[source,js] | ||
---- | ||
const urlToADashboard = core.http.basePath.prepend(`/dashboard/my-dashboard`); | ||
// this would cause a full page reload: | ||
window.location.href = urlToADashboard; | ||
---- | ||
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To navigate between different {kib} apps without a page reload there are APIs in `core`: | ||
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* {kib-repo}tree/{branch}/docs/development/core/public/kibana-plugin-core-public.applicationstart.navigatetoapp.md[core.application.navigateToApp] | ||
* {kib-repo}tree/{branch}/docs/development/core/public/kibana-plugin-core-public.applicationstart.navigatetourl.md[core.application.navigateToUrl] | ||
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*Rendering a link to a different {kib} app on its own would also cause a full page reload:* | ||
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[source,typescript jsx] | ||
---- | ||
const myLink = () => | ||
<a href={urlToADashboard}>Go to Dashboard</a>; | ||
---- | ||
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A workaround could be to handle a click, prevent browser navigation and use `core.application.navigateToApp` API: | ||
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[source,typescript jsx] | ||
---- | ||
const MySPALink = () => | ||
<a | ||
href={urlToADashboard} | ||
onClick={(e) => { | ||
e.preventDefault(); | ||
core.application.navigateToApp('dashboard', { path: '/my-dashboard' }); | ||
}} | ||
> | ||
Go to Dashboard | ||
</a>; | ||
---- | ||
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As it would be too much boilerplate to do this for each {kib} link in your app, there is a handy wrapper that helps with it: | ||
{kib-repo}tree/{branch}/src/plugins/kibana_react/public/app_links/redirect_app_link.tsx#L49[RedirectAppLinks]. | ||
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[source,typescript jsx] | ||
---- | ||
const MyApp = () => | ||
<RedirectAppLinks application={core.application}> | ||
{/*...*/} | ||
{/* navigations using this link will happen in SPA friendly way */} | ||
<a href={urlToADashboard}>Go to Dashboard</a> | ||
{/*...*/} | ||
</RedirectAppLinks> | ||
---- | ||
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[[routing]] | ||
=== Setting up internal app routing | ||
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It is very common for {kib} apps to use React and React Router. | ||
Common rules to follow in this scenario: | ||
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* Set up `BrowserRouter` and not `HashRouter`. | ||
* *Initialize your router with `history` instance provided by the `core`.* | ||
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This is required to make sure `core` is aware of navigations triggered inside your app, so it could act accordingly when needed. | ||
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* `Core`'s {kib-repo}tree/{branch}/docs/development/core/public/kibana-plugin-core-public.scopedhistory.md[ScopedHistory] instance. | ||
* {kib-repo}tree/{branch}/docs/development/core/public/kibana-plugin-core-public.appmountparameters.history.md[Example usage] | ||
* {kib-repo}tree/{branch}/test/plugin_functional/plugins/core_plugin_a/public/application.tsx#L120[Example plugin] | ||
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Relative links will be resolved relative to your app's route (e.g.: `http://localhost5601/app/{your-app-id}`) | ||
and setting up internal links in your app in SPA friendly way would look something like: | ||
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[source,typescript jsx] | ||
---- | ||
import {Link} from 'react-router-dom'; | ||
const MyInternalLink = () => <Link to="/my-other-page"></Link> | ||
---- | ||
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[[history-and-location]] | ||
=== Using history and browser location | ||
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Try to avoid using `window.location` and `window.history` directly. + | ||
Instead, consider using {kib-repo}tree/{branch}/docs/development/core/public/kibana-plugin-core-public.scopedhistory.md[ScopedHistory] | ||
instance provided by `core`. | ||
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* This way `core` will know about location changes triggered within your app, and it would act accordingly. | ||
* Some plugins are listening to location changes. Triggering location change manually could lead to unpredictable and hard-to-catch bugs. | ||
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Common use-case for using | ||
`core`'s {kib-repo}tree/{branch}/docs/development/core/public/kibana-plugin-core-public.scopedhistory.md[ScopedHistory] directly: | ||
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* Reading/writing query params or hash. | ||
* Imperatively triggering internal navigations within your app. | ||
* Listening to browser location changes. | ||
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[[state-sync]] | ||
=== Syncing state with URL | ||
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Historically {kib} apps store _a lot_ of application state in the URL. | ||
The most common pattern that {kib} apps follow today is storing state in `_a` and `_g` query params in https://github.com/w33ble/rison-node#readme[rison] format. | ||
[[query-params]] | ||
Those query params follow the convention: | ||
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* `_g` (*global*) - global UI state that should be shared and synced across multiple apps. common example from Analyze group apps: time range, refresh interval, *pinned* filters. | ||
* `_a` (*application*) - UI state scoped to current app. | ||
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NOTE: After migrating to KP platform we got navigations without page reloads. Since then there is no real need to follow `_g` and `_a` separation anymore. It's up you to decide if you want to follow this pattern or if you prefer a single query param or something else. The need for this separation earlier is explained in <<preserve-state>>. | ||
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There are utils to help you to implement such kind of state syncing. | ||
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**When you should consider using state syncing utils:** | ||
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* You want to sync your application state with URL in similar manner Analyze group applications do. | ||
* You want to follow platform's <<history-and-location, working with browser history and location best practices>> out of the box. | ||
* You want to support `state:storeInSessionStore` escape hatch for URL overflowing out of the box. | ||
* You should also consider using them if you'd like to serialize state to different (not `rison`) format. Utils are composable, and you can implement your own `storage`. | ||
* In case you want to sync part of your state with URL, but other part of it with browser storage. | ||
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**When you shouldn't use state syncing utils:** | ||
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* Adding a query param flag or simple key/value to the URL. | ||
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Follow {kib-repo}tree/{branch}/src/plugins/kibana_utils/docs/state_sync#state-syncing-utilities[these] docs to learn more. | ||
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[[preserve-state]] | ||
=== Preserving state between navigations | ||
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Consider the scenario: | ||
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1. You are in *Dashboard* app looking at a dashboard with some filters applied; | ||
2. Navigate to *Discover* using in-app navigation; | ||
3. Change the time filter' | ||
4. Navigate to *Dashboard* using in-app navigation. | ||
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You'd notice that you were navigated to *Dashboard* app with the *same state* that you left it with, | ||
except that the time filter has changed to the one you applied on *Discover* app. | ||
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Historically {kib} Analyze groups apps achieve that behavior relying on state in the URL. | ||
If you'd have a closer look on a link in the navigation, | ||
you'd notice that state is stored inside that link, and it also gets updated whenever relevant state changes happen: | ||
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[role="screenshot"] | ||
image:images/state_inside_the_link.png[State is stored inside the navigation link] | ||
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This is where <<query-params, separation>> into `_a` and `_g` query params comes into play. What is considered a *global* state gets constantly updated in those navigation links. In the example above it was a time filter. | ||
This is backed by {kib-repo}tree/{branch}/src/plugins/kibana_utils/public/state_management/url/kbn_url_tracker.ts#L57[KbnUrlTracker] util. You can use it to achieve similar behavior. | ||
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NOTE: After migrating to KP navigation works without page reloads and all plugins are loaded simultaneously. | ||
Hence, likely there are simpler ways to preserve state of your application, unless you want to do it through URL. |
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/* | ||
* Licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one or more contributor | ||
* license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with | ||
* this work for additional information regarding copyright | ||
* ownership. Elasticsearch B.V. licenses this file to you under | ||
* the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may | ||
* not use this file except in compliance with the License. | ||
* You may obtain a copy of the License at | ||
* | ||
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 | ||
* | ||
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, | ||
* software distributed under the License is distributed on an | ||
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY | ||
* KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the | ||
* specific language governing permissions and limitations | ||
* under the License. | ||
*/ | ||
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import { DashboardStart } from './plugin'; | ||
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export type Start = jest.Mocked<DashboardStart>; | ||
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const createStartContract = (): DashboardStart => { | ||
// @ts-ignore | ||
const startContract: DashboardStart = { | ||
getAttributeService: jest.fn(), | ||
}; | ||
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return startContract; | ||
}; | ||
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export const dashboardPluginMock = { | ||
createStartContract, | ||
}; |
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