diff --git a/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/renderer/runtimescheduler/RuntimeScheduler_Legacy.cpp b/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/renderer/runtimescheduler/RuntimeScheduler_Legacy.cpp
index 53929ef00ac700..577eda29308131 100644
--- a/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/renderer/runtimescheduler/RuntimeScheduler_Legacy.cpp
+++ b/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/renderer/runtimescheduler/RuntimeScheduler_Legacy.cpp
@@ -170,6 +170,9 @@ void RuntimeScheduler_Legacy::callExpiredTasks(jsi::Runtime& runtime) {
     }
   } catch (jsi::JSError& error) {
     onTaskError_(runtime, error);
+  } catch (std::exception& ex) {
+    jsi::JSError error(runtime, std::string("Non-js exception: ") + ex.what());
+    onTaskError_(runtime, error);
   }
 
   currentPriority_ = previousPriority;
@@ -233,6 +236,9 @@ void RuntimeScheduler_Legacy::startWorkLoop(jsi::Runtime& runtime) {
     }
   } catch (jsi::JSError& error) {
     onTaskError_(runtime, error);
+  } catch (std::exception& ex) {
+    jsi::JSError error(runtime, std::string("Non-js exception: ") + ex.what());
+    onTaskError_(runtime, error);
   }
 
   currentPriority_ = previousPriority;
diff --git a/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/renderer/runtimescheduler/RuntimeScheduler_Modern.cpp b/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/renderer/runtimescheduler/RuntimeScheduler_Modern.cpp
index 0a05dd76b33b4a..7a6eddf8506bc5 100644
--- a/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/renderer/runtimescheduler/RuntimeScheduler_Modern.cpp
+++ b/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/renderer/runtimescheduler/RuntimeScheduler_Modern.cpp
@@ -386,6 +386,9 @@ void RuntimeScheduler_Modern::executeTask(
     }
   } catch (jsi::JSError& error) {
     onTaskError_(runtime, error);
+  } catch (std::exception& ex) {
+    jsi::JSError error(runtime, std::string("Non-js exception: ") + ex.what());
+    onTaskError_(runtime, error);
   }
 }
 
@@ -420,6 +423,10 @@ void RuntimeScheduler_Modern::performMicrotaskCheckpoint(
       }
     } catch (jsi::JSError& error) {
       onTaskError_(runtime, error);
+    } catch (std::exception& ex) {
+      jsi::JSError error(
+          runtime, std::string("Non-js exception: ") + ex.what());
+      onTaskError_(runtime, error);
     }
     retries++;
   }
diff --git a/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/runtime/ReactInstance.cpp b/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/runtime/ReactInstance.cpp
index bb19ff78d8b0b7..f6c07d7ff79a87 100644
--- a/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/runtime/ReactInstance.cpp
+++ b/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/runtime/ReactInstance.cpp
@@ -103,6 +103,10 @@ ReactInstance::ReactInstance(
           }
         } catch (jsi::JSError& originalError) {
           jsErrorHandler->handleError(jsiRuntime, originalError, true);
+        } catch (std::exception& ex) {
+          jsi::JSError error(
+              jsiRuntime, std::string("Non-js exception: ") + ex.what());
+          jsErrorHandler->handleError(jsiRuntime, error, true);
         }
       });
     }