diff --git a/velox/exec/Exchange.cpp b/velox/exec/Exchange.cpp
index f41a229a16e0..7599f115b1b1 100644
--- a/velox/exec/Exchange.cpp
+++ b/velox/exec/Exchange.cpp
@@ -141,10 +141,23 @@ void Exchange::recordExchangeClientStats() {
   }
 
   auto lockedStats = stats_.wlock();
+  const auto exchangeClientStats = exchangeClient_->stats();
   for (const auto& [name, value] : exchangeClient_->stats()) {
     lockedStats->runtimeStats.erase(name);
     lockedStats->runtimeStats.insert({name, value});
   }
+
+  auto backgroundCpuTimeMs =
+      exchangeClientStats.find(ExchangeClient::kBackgroundCpuTimeMs);
+  if (backgroundCpuTimeMs != exchangeClientStats.end()) {
+    const CpuWallTiming backgroundTiming{
+        static_cast<uint64_t>(backgroundCpuTimeMs->second.count),
+        0,
+        static_cast<uint64_t>(backgroundCpuTimeMs->second.sum) *
+            Timestamp::kNanosecondsInMillisecond};
+    lockedStats->backgroundTiming.clear();
+    lockedStats->backgroundTiming.add(backgroundTiming);
+  }
 }
 
 VectorSerde* Exchange::getSerde() {
diff --git a/velox/exec/ExchangeClient.h b/velox/exec/ExchangeClient.h
index c17d787cb811..2f714e028570 100644
--- a/velox/exec/ExchangeClient.h
+++ b/velox/exec/ExchangeClient.h
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ class ExchangeClient {
  public:
   static constexpr int32_t kDefaultMaxQueuedBytes = 32 << 20; // 32 MB.
   static constexpr int32_t kDefaultMaxWaitSeconds = 2;
+  static inline const std::string kBackgroundCpuTimeMs = "backgroundCpuTimeMs";
 
   ExchangeClient(
       std::string taskId,
@@ -61,6 +62,8 @@ class ExchangeClient {
   void close();
 
   // Returns runtime statistics aggregated across all of the exchange sources.
+  // ExchangeClient is expected to report background CPU time by including a
+  // runtime metric named ExchangeClient::kBackgroundCpuTimeMs.
   folly::F14FastMap<std::string, RuntimeMetric> stats() const;
 
   std::shared_ptr<ExchangeQueue> queue() const {
diff --git a/velox/exec/ExchangeSource.h b/velox/exec/ExchangeSource.h
index 635ce620f5b6..4fd34d02d6fa 100644
--- a/velox/exec/ExchangeSource.h
+++ b/velox/exec/ExchangeSource.h
@@ -91,7 +91,9 @@ class ExchangeSource : public std::enable_shared_from_this<ExchangeSource> {
   /// once it received enough data.
   virtual void close() = 0;
 
-  /// Returns runtime statistics.
+  // Returns runtime statistics. ExchangeSource is expected to report
+  // background CPU time by including a runtime metric named
+  // ExchangeClient::kBackgroundCpuTimeMs.
   virtual folly::F14FastMap<std::string, int64_t> stats() const = 0;
 
   virtual std::string toString() {
diff --git a/velox/exec/Operator.cpp b/velox/exec/Operator.cpp
index 823cb93d5419..24b939bca0d4 100644
--- a/velox/exec/Operator.cpp
+++ b/velox/exec/Operator.cpp
@@ -438,6 +438,8 @@ void OperatorStats::add(const OperatorStats& other) {
 
   finishTiming.add(other.finishTiming);
 
+  backgroundTiming.add(other.backgroundTiming);
+
   memoryStats.add(other.memoryStats);
 
   for (const auto& [name, stats] : other.runtimeStats) {
@@ -475,6 +477,8 @@ void OperatorStats::clear() {
 
   finishTiming.clear();
 
+  backgroundTiming.clear();
+
   memoryStats.clear();
 
   runtimeStats.clear();
diff --git a/velox/exec/Operator.h b/velox/exec/Operator.h
index ef2d66d6737d..fad3883b005d 100644
--- a/velox/exec/Operator.h
+++ b/velox/exec/Operator.h
@@ -124,6 +124,11 @@ struct OperatorStats {
 
   CpuWallTiming finishTiming;
 
+  // CPU time spent on background activities (activities that are not
+  // running on driver threads). Operators are responsible to report background
+  // CPU time at a reasonable time granularity.
+  CpuWallTiming backgroundTiming;
+
   MemoryStats memoryStats;
 
   // Total bytes in memory for spilling
diff --git a/velox/exec/tests/MultiFragmentTest.cpp b/velox/exec/tests/MultiFragmentTest.cpp
index 778158913803..8053081e4d60 100644
--- a/velox/exec/tests/MultiFragmentTest.cpp
+++ b/velox/exec/tests/MultiFragmentTest.cpp
@@ -146,12 +146,20 @@ class MultiFragmentTest : public HiveConnectorTestBase {
 
   void verifyExchangeStats(
       const std::shared_ptr<Task>& task,
-      int32_t expectedCount) const {
+      int32_t expectedNumPagesCount,
+      int32_t expectedBackgroundCpuCount) const {
     auto exchangeStats =
         task->taskStats().pipelineStats[0].operatorStats[0].runtimeStats;
     ASSERT_EQ(1, exchangeStats.count("localExchangeSource.numPages"));
     ASSERT_EQ(
-        expectedCount, exchangeStats.at("localExchangeSource.numPages").count);
+        expectedNumPagesCount,
+        exchangeStats.at("localExchangeSource.numPages").count);
+    ASSERT_EQ(
+        expectedBackgroundCpuCount,
+        exchangeStats.at(ExchangeClient::kBackgroundCpuTimeMs).count);
+    auto cpuBackgroundTimeMs =
+        task->taskStats().pipelineStats[0].operatorStats[0].backgroundTiming;
+    ASSERT_EQ(expectedBackgroundCpuCount, cpuBackgroundTimeMs.count);
   }
 
   RowTypePtr rowType_{
@@ -316,7 +324,7 @@ TEST_F(MultiFragmentTest, distributedTableScan) {
     auto task =
         assertQuery(op, {leafTaskId}, "SELECT c2, c1 % 2, c0 % 10 FROM tmp");
 
-    verifyExchangeStats(task, 1);
+    verifyExchangeStats(task, 1, 1);
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(waitForTaskCompletion(leafTask.get())) << leafTask->taskId();
   }
@@ -464,7 +472,7 @@ TEST_F(MultiFragmentTest, partitionedOutput) {
     auto task =
         assertQuery(op, intermediateTaskIds, "SELECT c3, c0, c2 FROM tmp");
 
-    verifyExchangeStats(task, kFanout);
+    verifyExchangeStats(task, kFanout, kFanout);
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(waitForTaskCompletion(leafTask.get())) << leafTask->taskId();
   }
diff --git a/velox/exec/tests/TaskTest.cpp b/velox/exec/tests/TaskTest.cpp
index 06dd1706a179..5051da08946d 100644
--- a/velox/exec/tests/TaskTest.cpp
+++ b/velox/exec/tests/TaskTest.cpp
@@ -1074,6 +1074,7 @@ DEBUG_ONLY_TEST_F(TaskTest, liveStats) {
     EXPECT_EQ(3 * i, operatorStats.outputPositions);
     EXPECT_EQ(i, operatorStats.outputVectors);
     EXPECT_EQ(0, operatorStats.finishTiming.count);
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, operatorStats.backgroundTiming.count);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(1, liveStats[i].numTotalDrivers);
     EXPECT_EQ(0, liveStats[i].numCompletedDrivers);
@@ -1094,6 +1095,8 @@ DEBUG_ONLY_TEST_F(TaskTest, liveStats) {
   EXPECT_EQ(3 * numBatches, operatorStats.outputPositions);
   EXPECT_EQ(numBatches, operatorStats.outputVectors);
   EXPECT_EQ(1, operatorStats.finishTiming.count);
+  // No operators with background CPU time yet.
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, operatorStats.backgroundTiming.count);
 }
 
 TEST_F(TaskTest, outputBufferSize) {
diff --git a/velox/exec/tests/utils/LocalExchangeSource.cpp b/velox/exec/tests/utils/LocalExchangeSource.cpp
index a7f6d934e23a..5cff372652f0 100644
--- a/velox/exec/tests/utils/LocalExchangeSource.cpp
+++ b/velox/exec/tests/utils/LocalExchangeSource.cpp
@@ -158,6 +158,7 @@ class LocalExchangeSource : public exec::ExchangeSource {
     return {
         {"localExchangeSource.numPages", numPages_},
         {"localExchangeSource.totalBytes", totalBytes_},
+        {ExchangeClient::kBackgroundCpuTimeMs, 123},
     };
   }