diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index b10e1f73d..a5e9a4550 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ list(
   "-DPROJECT_VERSION_MAJOR=${PROJECT_VERSION_MAJOR}"
   "-DPROJECT_VERSION_MINOR=${PROJECT_VERSION_MINOR}"
   "-DPROJECT_VERSION_PATCH=${PROJECT_VERSION_PATCH}"
+  "-DOS=\\\"${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME}\\\""
   "-I${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include"
 )
 
diff --git a/config/fypp_deployment.py b/config/fypp_deployment.py
index 9f3549e4f..77923d004 100644
--- a/config/fypp_deployment.py
+++ b/config/fypp_deployment.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import os
+import platform
 import fypp
 import argparse
 from joblib import Parallel, delayed
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ def pre_process_fypp(args):
         kwd.append("-DWITH_QP=True")
     if args.with_xdp:
         kwd.append("-DWITH_XDP=True")
+    kwd.append("-DOS=\"{}\"".format(platform.system()))
 
     optparser = fypp.get_option_parser()
     options, leftover = optparser.parse_args(args=kwd)
diff --git a/doc/specs/index.md b/doc/specs/index.md
index de3eb8f38..b965b006f 100644
--- a/doc/specs/index.md
+++ b/doc/specs/index.md
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ This is an index/directory of the specifications (specs) for each new module/fea
  - [constants](./stdlib_constants.html) - Constants
  - [bitsets](./stdlib_bitsets.html) - Bitset data types and procedures
  - [error](./stdlib_error.html) - Catching and handling errors
+ - [filesystem](./stdlib_filesystem.html) - Filesystem interactions
  - [hash](./stdlib_hash_procedures.html) - Hashing integer
  vectors or character strings
  - [hashmaps](./stdlib_hashmaps.html) - Hash maps/tables
diff --git a/doc/specs/stdlib_filesystem.md b/doc/specs/stdlib_filesystem.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..90b48eeed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/specs/stdlib_filesystem.md
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+---
+title: filesystem
+---
+
+# The `stdlib_filesystem` module
+
+[TOC]
+
+## Introduction
+
+Module for filesystem interactions.
+
+## Constants
+
+### `is_windows``
+
+Boolean constant indicating whether the current platform is Windows.
+
+### `path_separator``
+
+Character constant representing the path separator for the current platform. On Windows, it is `\`. On other platforms, it is `/`.
+
+## Procedures
+
+### `exists`
+
+#### Status
+
+Experimental
+
+#### Description
+
+Determines if a file or directory exists at the given path by returning a logical value.
+
+#### Syntax
+
+`exists = ` [[stdlib_filesystem(module):exists(function)]] `(path)`
+
+#### Arguments
+
+`path`: Shall be a character expression containing the path to a file or directory to check for existence.
+
+#### Return value
+
+A logical value indicating whether a file or directory exists at the given path.
+
+### `list_dir`
+
+#### Status
+
+Experimental
+
+#### Description
+
+Lists the contents of a directory.
+
+#### Syntax
+
+`call ` [[stdlib_filesystem(module):list_dir(subroutine)]] `(dir, files[, iostat][, iomsg])`
+
+#### Arguments
+
+`dir`: Shall be a character expression containing the path to the directory to list.
+
+`files`: Shall be an allocatable rank-1 array of type `string_type` that will contain the names of the files and directories in the directory.
+
+`iostat`: Shall be a scalar of type `integer` that receives the error status of `list_dir`. Optional argument.
+
+`iomsg`: Shall be a deferred length character variable that receives the error message of `list_dir`. Optional argument.
+
+### `mkdir`
+
+#### Status
+
+Experimental
+
+#### Description
+
+Creates a new directory.
+
+#### Syntax
+
+`call ` [[stdlib_filesystem(module):mkdir(subroutine)]] `(dir[, iostat][, iomsg])`
+
+#### Arguments
+
+`dir`: Shall be a character expression containing the path to the directory to create.
+
+`iostat`: Shall be a scalar of type `integer` that receives the error status of `mkdir`. Optional argument.
+
+`iomsg`: Shall be a deferred length character variable that receives the error message of `mkdir`. Optional argument.
+
+### `rmdir`
+
+#### Status
+
+Experimental
+
+#### Description
+
+Removes a directory.
+
+#### Syntax
+
+`call ` [[stdlib_filesystem(module):rmdir(subroutine)]] `(dir)`
+
+#### Arguments
+
+`dir`: Shall be a character expression containing the path to the directory to remove.
+
+### `run`
+
+#### Status
+
+Experimental
+
+#### Description
+
+Runs a command in the shell.
+
+#### Syntax
+
+`call ` [[stdlib_filesystem(module):run(subroutine)]] `(command[, iostat][, iomsg])`
+
+#### Arguments
+
+`command`: Shall be a character expression containing the command to run in the shell.
+
+`iostat`: Shall be a scalar of type `integer` that receives the error status of `run`. Optional argument.
+
+`iomsg`: Shall be a deferred length character variable that receives the error message of `run`. Optional argument.
diff --git a/src/CMakeLists.txt b/src/CMakeLists.txt
index ef11b642e..9e1723c92 100644
--- a/src/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ set(fppFiles
     stdlib_bitsets_large.fypp
     stdlib_codata_type.fypp
     stdlib_constants.fypp
+    stdlib_filesystem.fypp
     stdlib_hash_32bit.fypp
     stdlib_hash_32bit_fnv.fypp
     stdlib_hash_32bit_nm.fypp
diff --git a/src/stdlib_filesystem.fypp b/src/stdlib_filesystem.fypp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9d022baa0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/stdlib_filesystem.fypp
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+! SPDX-Identifier: MIT
+
+!> Interaction with the filesystem.
+module stdlib_filesystem
+    use stdlib_string_type, only: string_type
+    implicit none
+    private
+
+    public :: temp_dir, is_windows, exists, path_separator, list_dir, mkdir, rmdir, run
+
+#: if OS == 'Windows'
+    !> Whether the operating system is Windows.
+    logical, parameter :: is_windows = .true.
+    !> Path separator for Windows.
+    character, parameter :: path_separator = '\'
+#: else
+    !> Whether the operating system is Windows.
+    logical, parameter :: is_windows = .false.
+    !> Path separator for filesystems on non-Windows operating systems.
+    character, parameter :: path_separator = '/'
+#: endif
+
+    character(*), parameter :: temp_dir = 'temp'
+
+contains
+    !> Version: experimental
+    !>
+    !> Whether a file or directory exists at the given path.
+    !> [Specification](../page/specs/stdlib_filesystem.html#exists)
+    logical function exists(path)
+        !> Path to a file or directory.
+        character(len=*), intent(in) :: path
+
+        inquire(file=path, exist=exists)
+
+#if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+        if (.not. exists) inquire(directory=path, exist=exists)
+#endif
+    end function
+
+    !> Version: experimental
+    !>
+    !> List files and directories of a directory. Does not list hidden files.
+    !> [Specification](../page/specs/stdlib_filesystem.html#list_dir)
+    subroutine list_dir(dir, files, iostat, iomsg)
+        !> Directory to list.
+        character(len=*), intent(in) :: dir
+        !> List of files and directories.
+        type(string_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: files(:)
+        !> Status of listing.
+        integer, optional, intent(out) :: iostat
+        !> Error message.
+        character(len=:), allocatable, optional, intent(out) :: iomsg
+
+        integer :: unit, stat
+        character(len=256) :: line
+        character(:), allocatable :: listed_contents
+
+        stat = 0
+
+        if (.not. exists(temp_dir)) then
+            call mkdir(temp_dir, stat)
+            if (stat /= 0) then
+                if (present(iostat)) iostat = stat
+                if (present(iomsg)) iomsg = "Failed to create temporary directory '"//temp_dir//"'."
+                return
+            end if
+        end if
+
+        listed_contents = temp_dir//path_separator//'listed_contents.txt'
+
+        if (is_windows) then
+            call run('dir /b '//dir//' > '//listed_contents, stat)
+        else
+            call run('ls '//dir//' > '//listed_contents, stat)
+        end if
+        if (stat /= 0) then
+            if (present(iostat)) iostat = stat
+            if (present(iomsg)) iomsg = "Failed to list files in directory '"//dir//"'."
+            return
+        end if
+
+        open(newunit=unit, file=listed_contents, status='old', action='read', iostat=stat)
+        if (stat /= 0) then
+            if (present(iostat)) iostat = stat
+            if (present(iomsg)) iomsg = "Failed to open file '"//listed_contents//"'."
+            return
+        end if
+
+        allocate(files(0))
+        do
+            read(unit, '(A)', iostat=stat) line
+            if (stat /= 0) exit
+            files = [files, string_type(line)]
+        end do
+        close(unit, status="delete")
+    end subroutine
+
+    !> Version: experimental
+    !>
+    !> Create a directory.
+    !> [Specification](../page/specs/stdlib_filesystem.html#mkdir)
+    subroutine mkdir(dir, iostat, iomsg)
+        character(len=*), intent(in) :: dir
+        integer, optional, intent(out) :: iostat
+        character(len=:), allocatable, optional, intent(out) :: iomsg
+
+        if (is_windows) then
+            call run('mkdir '//dir, iostat, iomsg)
+        else
+            call run('mkdir -p '//dir, iostat, iomsg)
+        end if
+    end subroutine
+
+    !> Version: experimental
+    !>
+    !> Remove a directory including its contents.
+    !> [Specification](../page/specs/stdlib_filesystem.html#rmdir)
+    subroutine rmdir(dir)
+        character(len=*), intent(in) :: dir
+
+        if (is_windows) then
+            call run('rmdir /s/q '//dir)
+        else
+            call run('rm -rf '//dir)
+        end if
+    end subroutine
+
+    !> Version: experimental
+    !>
+    !> Run a command in the shell.
+    !> [Specification](../page/specs/stdlib_filesystem.html#run)
+    subroutine run(command, iostat, iomsg)
+        !> Command to run.
+        character(len=*), intent(in) :: command
+        !> Status of the operation.
+        integer, intent(out), optional :: iostat
+        !> Error message.
+        character(len=:), allocatable, intent(out), optional :: iomsg
+
+        integer :: exitstat, cmdstat
+        character(len=256) :: cmdmsg
+
+        if (present(iostat)) iostat = 0
+        exitstat = 0; cmdstat = 0
+
+        call execute_command_line(command, exitstat=exitstat, cmdstat=cmdstat, cmdmsg=cmdmsg)
+        if (exitstat /= 0 .or. cmdstat /= 0) then
+            if (present(iostat)) then
+                if (exitstat /= 0) then
+                    iostat = exitstat
+                else
+                    iostat = cmdstat
+                end if
+            end if
+            if (present(iomsg) .and. trim(adjustl(cmdmsg)) /= '') iomsg = cmdmsg
+        end if
+    end subroutine
+end module
diff --git a/test/CMakeLists.txt b/test/CMakeLists.txt
index 4d83548db..737938a64 100644
--- a/test/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/test/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ add_subdirectory(array)
 add_subdirectory(ascii)
 add_subdirectory(bitsets)
 add_subdirectory(constants)
+add_subdirectory(filesystem)
 add_subdirectory(hash_functions)
 add_subdirectory(hash_functions_perf)
 add_subdirectory(hashmaps)
diff --git a/test/filesystem/CMakeLists.txt b/test/filesystem/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..48d7eb893
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/filesystem/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ADDTEST(filesystem)
diff --git a/test/filesystem/test_filesystem.f90 b/test/filesystem/test_filesystem.f90
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..44588519b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/filesystem/test_filesystem.f90
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+module test_filesystem
+    use stdlib_filesystem
+    use stdlib_string_type, only: char, string_type
+    use testdrive, only: new_unittest, unittest_type, error_type, check, test_failed
+    implicit none
+    private
+
+    public :: collect_filesystem
+
+    character(*), parameter :: temp_list_dir = 'temp_list_dir'
+
+contains
+
+    !> Collect all exported unit tests
+    subroutine collect_filesystem(testsuite)
+        !> Collection of tests
+        type(unittest_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: testsuite(:)
+
+        testsuite = [ &
+            new_unittest("fs_is_windows", fs_is_windows), &
+            new_unittest("fs_path_separator", fs_path_separator), &
+            new_unittest("fs_file_not_exists", fs_file_not_exists, should_fail=.true.), &
+            new_unittest("fs_file_exists", fs_file_exists), &
+            new_unittest("fs_current_dir_exists", fs_current_dir_exists), &
+            new_unittest("fs_use_path_separator", fs_use_path_separator), &
+            new_unittest("fs_run_invalid_command", fs_run_invalid_command, should_fail=.true.), &
+            new_unittest("fs_run_with_invalid_option", fs_run_with_invalid_option, should_fail=.true.), &
+            new_unittest("fs_run_valid_command", fs_run_valid_command), &
+            new_unittest("fs_list_dir_empty", fs_list_dir_empty), &
+            new_unittest("fs_list_dir_one_file", fs_list_dir_one_file), &
+            new_unittest("fs_list_dir_two_files", fs_list_dir_two_files), &
+            new_unittest("fs_list_dir_one_file_one_dir", fs_list_dir_one_file_one_dir), &
+            new_unittest("fs_rmdir_empty", fs_rmdir_empty), &
+            new_unittest("fs_rmdir_with_contents", fs_rmdir_with_contents) &
+            ]
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine fs_is_windows(error)
+        type(error_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: error
+
+        character(len=255) :: value
+        integer :: length, stat
+
+        call get_environment_variable('HOMEDRIVE', value, length, stat)
+        if (is_windows) then
+            call check(error, stat == 0 .and. length > 0, "Windows should be detected.")
+        else
+            call check(error, stat /= 0 .and. length == 0, "Windows should not be detected.")
+        end if
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine fs_path_separator(error)
+        type(error_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: error
+
+        character(len=255) :: value
+        integer :: length, stat
+
+        call get_environment_variable('HOMEDRIVE', value, length, stat)
+        if (stat == 0 .and. length > 0) then
+            call check(error, path_separator == '\', "Path separator should be set for Windows.")
+        else
+            call check(error, path_separator == '/', "Path separator should not be set for non-Windows.")
+        end if
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine fs_file_not_exists(error)
+        type(error_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: error
+
+        logical :: is_existing
+
+        is_existing = exists("nonexistent")
+        call check(error, is_existing, "Non-existent file should fail.")
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine fs_file_exists(error)
+        type(error_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: error
+
+        logical :: is_existing
+        character(*), parameter :: filename = "file.tmp"
+
+        call create_file(filename)
+        is_existing = exists(filename)
+        call check(error, is_existing, "An existing file should not fail.")
+        call delete_file(filename)
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine fs_current_dir_exists(error)
+        type(error_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: error
+
+        logical :: is_existing
+
+        is_existing = exists(".")
+        call check(error, is_existing, "Current directory should not fail.")
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine fs_use_path_separator(error)
+        type(error_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: error
+
+        character(*), parameter :: outer_dir = "path_separator_outer"
+        character(*), parameter :: inner_dir = "path_separator_inner"
+
+        call rmdir(outer_dir)
+        call check(error, .not. exists(outer_dir), "Directory should not exist.")
+        call mkdir(outer_dir)
+        call check(error, exists(outer_dir), "Outer directory should now exist.")
+        call mkdir(outer_dir//path_separator//inner_dir)
+        call check(error, exists(outer_dir//path_separator//inner_dir), "Inner directory should now exist.")
+        call rmdir(outer_dir)
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine fs_run_invalid_command(error)
+        type(error_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: error
+
+        integer :: stat
+
+        call run("invalid_command", iostat=stat)
+        call check(error, stat, "Running an invalid command should fail.")
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine fs_run_with_invalid_option(error)
+        type(error_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: error
+
+        integer :: stat
+
+        call run("whoami -X", iostat=stat)
+        call check(error, stat, "Running a valid command with an invalid option should fail.")
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine fs_run_valid_command(error)
+        type(error_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: error
+
+        integer :: stat
+
+        call run("whoami", iostat=stat)
+        call check(error, stat, "Running a valid command should not fail.")
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine fs_list_dir_empty(error)
+        type(error_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: error
+
+        integer :: stat
+        type(string_type), allocatable :: files(:)
+
+        call rmdir(temp_list_dir)
+        call mkdir(temp_list_dir, stat)
+        if (stat /= 0) then
+            call test_failed(error, "Creating directory '"//temp_list_dir//"' failed."); return
+        end if
+
+        call list_dir(temp_list_dir, files, stat)
+        call check(error, stat, "Listing the contents of an empty directory shouldn't fail.")
+        call check(error, size(files) == 0, "The directory should be empty.")
+
+        call rmdir(temp_list_dir)
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine fs_list_dir_one_file(error)
+        type(error_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: error
+
+        integer :: stat
+
+        type(string_type), allocatable :: files(:)
+        character(*), parameter :: filename = 'abc.txt'
+
+        call rmdir(temp_list_dir)
+        call mkdir(temp_list_dir, stat)
+        if (stat /= 0) then
+            call test_failed(error, "Creating directory '"//temp_list_dir//"' failed."); return
+        end if
+
+        call create_file(temp_list_dir//path_separator//filename)
+
+        call list_dir(temp_list_dir, files, stat)
+        call check(error, stat, "Listing the contents of an empty directory shouldn't fail.")
+        call check(error, size(files) == 1, "The directory should contain one file.")
+        call check(error, char(files(1)) == filename, "The file should be '"//filename//"'.")
+
+        call rmdir(temp_list_dir)
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine fs_list_dir_two_files(error)
+        type(error_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: error
+
+        integer :: stat
+
+        type(string_type), allocatable :: files(:)
+        character(*), parameter :: filename1 = 'abc.txt'
+        character(*), parameter :: filename2 = 'xyz'
+
+        call rmdir(temp_list_dir)
+        call mkdir(temp_list_dir, stat)
+        if (stat /= 0) then
+            call test_failed(error, "Creating directory '"//temp_list_dir//"' failed."); return
+        end if
+
+        call create_file(temp_list_dir//path_separator//filename1)
+        call create_file(temp_list_dir//path_separator//filename2)
+
+        call list_dir(temp_list_dir, files, stat)
+        call check(error, stat, "Listing the contents of an empty directory shouldn't fail.")
+        call check(error, size(files) == 2, "The directory should contain two files.")
+        call check(error, char(files(1)) == filename1, "The file should be '"//filename1//"'.")
+        call check(error, char(files(2)) == filename2, "The file should be '"//filename2//"'.")
+
+        call rmdir(temp_list_dir)
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine fs_list_dir_one_file_one_dir(error)
+        type(error_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: error
+
+        integer :: stat
+
+        type(string_type), allocatable :: contents(:)
+        character(*), parameter :: filename = 'abc.txt'
+        character(*), parameter :: dir = 'xyz'
+
+        call rmdir(temp_list_dir)
+        call mkdir(temp_list_dir, stat)
+        if (stat /= 0) then
+            call test_failed(error, "Creating directory '"//temp_list_dir//"' failed."); return
+        end if
+
+        call create_file(temp_list_dir//path_separator//filename)
+        call mkdir(temp_list_dir//path_separator//dir, stat)
+        if (stat /= 0) then
+            call test_failed(error, "Creating dir in directory '"//temp_list_dir//"' failed."); return
+        end if
+
+        call list_dir(temp_list_dir, contents, stat)
+        call check(error, stat, "Listing the contents of an empty directory shouldn't fail.")
+        call check(error, size(contents) == 2, "The directory should contain two files.")
+        call check(error, char(contents(1)) == filename, "The file should be '"//filename//"'.")
+        call check(error, char(contents(2)) == dir, "The file should be '"//dir//"'.")
+
+        call rmdir(temp_list_dir)
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine fs_rmdir_empty(error)
+        type(error_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: error
+
+        character(*), parameter :: dir = "empty_dir_to_remove"
+
+        call rmdir(dir)
+        call check(error, .not. exists(dir), "Directory should not exist.")
+        call mkdir(dir)
+        call check(error, exists(dir), "Directory should exist.")
+        call rmdir(dir)
+        call check(error, .not. exists(dir), "Directory should not exist.")
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine fs_rmdir_with_contents(error)
+        type(error_type), allocatable, intent(out) :: error
+
+        character(*), parameter :: dir = "dir_with_contents_to_remove"
+
+        call rmdir(dir)
+        call check(error, .not. exists(dir), "Directory should not exist.")
+        call mkdir(dir)
+        call check(error, exists(dir), "Directory should exist.")
+        call mkdir(dir//path_separator//'another_dir')
+        call rmdir(dir)
+        call check(error, .not. exists(dir), "Directory should not exist.")
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine create_file(filename)
+        character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
+
+        integer :: io
+
+        open(newunit=io, file=filename)
+        close(io)
+    end subroutine
+
+    subroutine delete_file(filename)
+        character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
+
+        integer :: io
+
+        open(newunit=io, file=filename)
+        close(io, status="delete")
+    end subroutine
+end module
+
+program tester
+    use, intrinsic :: iso_fortran_env, only : error_unit
+    use testdrive, only : run_testsuite, new_testsuite, testsuite_type
+    use test_filesystem, only : collect_filesystem
+    implicit none
+    integer :: stat, is
+    type(testsuite_type), allocatable :: testsuites(:)
+    character(len=*), parameter :: fmt = '("#", *(1x, a))'
+
+    stat = 0
+
+    testsuites = [ &
+        new_testsuite("filesystem", collect_filesystem) &
+        ]
+
+    do is = 1, size(testsuites)
+        write(error_unit, fmt) "Testing:", testsuites(is)%name
+        call run_testsuite(testsuites(is)%collect, error_unit, stat)
+    end do
+
+    if (stat > 0) then
+        write(error_unit, '(i0, 1x, a)') stat, "test(s) failed!"
+        error stop
+    end if
+end program