diff --git a/tutorial/02-GithubRepos/data.zip b/_testdata/github/repos/data.zip
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorial/02-GithubRepos/data.zip
rename to _testdata/github/repos/data.zip
diff --git a/tutorial/02-GithubRepos/repos_test.gop b/_testdata/github/repos/out.json
similarity index 95%
rename from tutorial/02-GithubRepos/repos_test.gop
rename to _testdata/github/repos/out.json
index dca09bb..28ba01b 100644
--- a/tutorial/02-GithubRepos/repos_test.gop
+++ b/_testdata/github/repos/out.json
@@ -1,13 +1,4 @@
-package repos
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/goplus/hdq"
-)
-
-const outTestNew = `{
+{
 	"Repos": [
 		{
 			"Repo": "/xushiwei/linguist",
@@ -251,17 +242,4 @@ const outTestNew = `{
 		}
 	],
 	"Next": "https://github.com/xushiwei?after=Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpK0MjAyMC0wNS0xMlQxMToxNTozN1rOD7hDgA%3D%3D\u0026tab=repositories"
-}`
-
-func TestNew(t *testing.T) {
-	doc := hdq.Source("zip://data.zip#index.htm")
-	ret := New(doc)
-	b, err := json.MarshalIndent(ret, "", "\t")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal("json.MarshalIndent:", err)
-	}
-	out := string(b)
-	if out != outTestNew {
-		t.Fatal("TestNew failed:", out)
-	}
-}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hdq_test.go b/hdq_test.go
index 1bd5524..05f6d8c 100644
--- a/hdq_test.go
+++ b/hdq_test.go
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/goplus/hdq"
 	"github.com/goplus/hdq/hdqtest"
 	"github.com/goplus/hdq/pysig/torch"
+
+	repos "github.com/goplus/hdq/tutorial/02-GithubRepos"
 )
 
 func textOf(doc hdq.NodeSet) (ret string) {
@@ -32,6 +34,10 @@ func TestText(t *testing.T) {
 	hdqtest.FromDir(t, "", "./_testdata/text", textOf)
 }
 
-func TestTestdata(t *testing.T) {
+func TestGithub(t *testing.T) {
+	hdqtest.FromDir(t, "", "./_testdata/github", repos.New, "data.zip#index.htm", "zip")
+}
+
+func TestTorch(t *testing.T) {
 	hdqtest.FromDir(t, "", "./pysig/torch/_testdata", torch.New)
 }
diff --git a/hdqtest/hdqtest.go b/hdqtest/hdqtest.go
index f15db7f..1f3a27b 100644
--- a/hdqtest/hdqtest.go
+++ b/hdqtest/hdqtest.go
@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@ import (
 type Converter = any
 
 // FromDir tests all html files in a directory.
-func FromDir(t *testing.T, sel, relDir string, conv Converter) {
+// optional params: [filename, scheme]
+func FromDir(t *testing.T, sel, relDir string, conv Converter, params ...string) {
 	dir, err := os.Getwd()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal("Getwd failed:", err)
@@ -42,23 +43,30 @@ func FromDir(t *testing.T, sel, relDir string, conv Converter) {
 		t.Fatal("ReadDir failed:", err)
 	}
 	vConv := reflect.ValueOf(conv)
+	scheme, fname := "", "/in.html"
+	if len(params) > 0 {
+		fname = "/" + params[0]
+		if len(params) > 1 {
+			scheme = params[1] + ":"
+		}
+	}
 	for _, fi := range fis {
 		name := fi.Name()
 		if !fi.IsDir() || strings.HasPrefix(name, "_") {
 			continue
 		}
 		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			testFrom(t, dir+"/"+name, sel, vConv)
+			testFrom(t, dir+"/"+name, sel, vConv, fname, scheme)
 		})
 	}
 }
 
-func testFrom(t *testing.T, pkgDir, sel string, conv reflect.Value) {
+func testFrom(t *testing.T, pkgDir, sel string, conv reflect.Value, fname, scheme string) {
 	if sel != "" && !strings.Contains(pkgDir, sel) {
 		return
 	}
 	log.Println("Parsing", pkgDir)
-	in := pkgDir + "/in.html"
+	in := scheme + pkgDir + fname
 	out := pkgDir + "/out.json"
 	b, err := os.ReadFile(out)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/stream/http/httpstrm.go b/stream/http/httpstrm.go
index be0dcc3..e01d0fc 100644
--- a/stream/http/httpstrm.go
+++ b/stream/http/httpstrm.go
@@ -30,16 +30,8 @@ var (
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-// Open opens a zipped file object.
-func Open(file string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
-	return httpOpen("http://" + file)
-}
-
-func Opens(file string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
-	return httpOpen("https://" + file)
-}
-
-func httpOpen(url string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
+// Open opens a http file object.
+func Open(url string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
 	resp, err := httpGet(url)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -62,9 +54,8 @@ func httpGet(url string) (resp *http.Response, err error) {
 }
 
 func init() {
-	// http://path, https://path
-	stream.RegisterSchema("http", Open)
-	stream.RegisterSchema("https", Opens)
+	stream.Register("http", Open)
+	stream.Register("https", Open)
 }
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/stream/inline/inline.go b/stream/inline/inline.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..721e683
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stream/inline/inline.go
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2024 The GoPlus Authors (goplus.org)
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+package inline
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/goplus/hdq/stream"
+)
+
+type nilCloser struct {
+	io.Reader
+}
+
+func (p *nilCloser) Close() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Open opens a inline text object.
+func Open(url string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
+	file := strings.TrimPrefix(url, "inline:")
+	r := strings.NewReader(file)
+	return &nilCloser{r}, nil
+}
+
+func init() {
+	stream.Register("inline", Open)
+}
diff --git a/stream/stream.go b/stream/stream.go
index 0bfcf4c..d91ebc5 100644
--- a/stream/stream.go
+++ b/stream/stream.go
@@ -18,43 +18,47 @@ package stream
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"io"
+	"io/fs"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 )
 
-// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-func SplitSchema(path string) (schema, file string) {
-	idx := strings.IndexAny(path, ":/\\ ")
-	if idx < 0 || path[idx] != ':' {
-		return "", path
-	}
-	schema, file = path[:idx], path[idx+1:]
-	file = strings.TrimPrefix(file, "//")
-	return
-}
+var (
+	ErrUnknownScheme = errors.New("unknown scheme")
+)
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 type OpenFunc = func(file string) (io.ReadCloser, error)
 
 var (
-	openSchemas = map[string]OpenFunc{}
+	openers = map[string]OpenFunc{}
 )
 
-func RegisterSchema(schema string, open OpenFunc) {
-	openSchemas[schema] = open
+// Register registers a scheme with an open function.
+func Register(scheme string, open OpenFunc) {
+	openers[scheme] = open
 }
 
-func Open(path string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
-	schema, file := SplitSchema(path)
-	if schema == "" {
-		return os.Open(path)
+func Open(url string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
+	scheme := schemeOf(url)
+	if scheme == "" {
+		return os.Open(url)
+	}
+	if open, ok := openers[scheme]; ok {
+		return open(url)
 	}
-	if open, ok := openSchemas[schema]; ok {
-		return open(file)
+	return nil, &fs.PathError{Op: "hdq/stream.Open", Err: ErrUnknownScheme, Path: url}
+}
+
+func schemeOf(url string) (scheme string) {
+	pos := strings.IndexAny(url, ":/")
+	if pos > 0 {
+		if url[pos] == ':' {
+			return url[:pos]
+		}
 	}
-	return nil, errors.New("stream.Open: unsupported schema - " + schema)
+	return ""
 }
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/stream/stream_test.go b/stream/stream_test.go
index e1754aa..f30b745 100644
--- a/stream/stream_test.go
+++ b/stream/stream_test.go
@@ -13,30 +13,18 @@ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 limitations under the License.
 */
 
-package stream
+package stream_test
 
 import (
 	"io"
-	"strings"
 	"testing"
-)
-
-type nilCloser struct {
-	io.Reader
-}
 
-func (p *nilCloser) Close() error {
-	return nil
-}
-
-func inlOpen(file string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
-	r := strings.NewReader(file)
-	return &nilCloser{r}, nil
-}
+	"github.com/goplus/hdq/stream"
+	_ "github.com/goplus/hdq/stream/inline"
+)
 
 func TestBasic(t *testing.T) {
-	RegisterSchema("inl", inlOpen)
-	f, err := Open("inl://hello")
+	f, err := stream.Open("inline:hello")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal("Open failed:", err)
 	}
@@ -49,15 +37,15 @@ func TestBasic(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestUnknownSchema(t *testing.T) {
-	_, err := Open("bad://foo")
-	if err == nil || err.Error() != "stream.Open: unsupported schema - bad" {
+func TestUnknownScheme(t *testing.T) {
+	_, err := stream.Open("bad://foo")
+	if err == nil || err.Error() != "hdq/stream.Open bad://foo: unknown scheme" {
 		t.Fatal("Open failed:", err)
 	}
 }
 
 func TestOpenFile(t *testing.T) {
-	_, err := Open("/bin/not-exists/foo")
+	_, err := stream.Open("/bin/not-exists/foo")
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("Open local file success?")
 	}
diff --git a/stream/zip/zipstrm.go b/stream/zip/zipstrm.go
index b9d36e0..9a89944 100644
--- a/stream/zip/zipstrm.go
+++ b/stream/zip/zipstrm.go
@@ -37,7 +37,8 @@ func (p *readCloser) Close() error {
 }
 
 // Open opens a zipped file object.
-func Open(file string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
+func Open(url string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
+	file := strings.TrimPrefix(url, "zip:")
 	pos := strings.Index(file, "#")
 	if pos <= 0 {
 		return nil, syscall.EINVAL
@@ -60,8 +61,8 @@ func Open(file string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
 }
 
 func init() {
-	// zip://file#index.htm
-	stream.RegisterSchema("zip", Open)
+	// zip:file#index.htm
+	stream.Register("zip", Open)
 }
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/tutorial/02-GithubRepos/gop_autogen_test.go b/tutorial/02-GithubRepos/gop_autogen_test.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 1820925..0000000
--- a/tutorial/02-GithubRepos/gop_autogen_test.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,276 +0,0 @@
-// Code generated by gop (Go+); DO NOT EDIT.
-
-package repos
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	hdq1 "github.com/goplus/hdq"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-const outTestNew = `{
-	"Repos": [
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/linguist",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/github/linguist",
-			"Title": "Language Savant. If your repository's language is being reported incorrectly, send us a pull request!\n",
-			"Language": "Ruby",
-			"UpdateTime": "2021-08-08T17:39:30Z",
-			"Forks": 3221
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/x",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/qiniu/x",
-			"Title": "Extension of go standard library\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2021-08-04T16:37:08Z",
-			"Forks": 16
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/fyne",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/fyne-io/fyne",
-			"Title": "Cross platform GUI in Go based on Material Design\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2021-07-27T11:26:17Z",
-			"Forks": 726
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/qlang",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/goplus/gop",
-			"Title": "Q Language - A script language for Go\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2021-07-20T22:00:43Z",
-			"Forks": 384
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/winfsp",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/billziss-gh/winfsp",
-			"Title": "Windows File System Proxy - FUSE for Windows\n",
-			"Language": "C",
-			"UpdateTime": "2021-02-03T00:51:42Z",
-			"Forks": 320
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/embeddedgo",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/embeddedgo/go",
-			"Title": "The Go programming language with support for bare-matal programing\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-12-31T16:37:34Z",
-			"Forks": 13037
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/oak",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/oakmound/oak",
-			"Title": "A pure Go game engine\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-08-04T01:28:32Z",
-			"Forks": 58
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/GhostDB",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/jakekgrog/GhostDB",
-			"Title": "GhostDB is a distributed, in-memory, general purpose key-value data store that delivers microsecond performance at any scale.\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-08-01T10:58:55Z",
-			"Forks": 35
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/DeepLearning-500-questions",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/scutan90/DeepLearning-500-questions",
-			"Title": "深度学习500问，以问答形式对常用的概率知识、线性代数、机器学习、深度学习、计算机视觉等热点问题进行阐述，以帮助自己及有需要的读者。 全书分为18个章节，50余万字。由于水平有限，书中不妥之处恳请广大读者批评指正。 未完待续............ 如有意合作，联系scutjy2015@163.com 版权所有，违权必究 Tan 2018.06\n",
-			"Language": "",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-07-20T12:06:41Z",
-			"Forks": 14227
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/simdjson-go",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/minio/simdjson-go",
-			"Title": "Golang port of simdjson: parsing gigabytes of JSON per second\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-06-26T22:23:56Z",
-			"Forks": 59
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/Paddle",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/PaddlePaddle/Paddle",
-			"Title": "PArallel Distributed Deep LEarning: Machine Learning Framework from Industrial Practice （『飞桨』核心框架，深度学习\u0026机器学习高性能单机、分布式训练和跨平台部署）\n",
-			"Language": "C++",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-06-21T15:35:31Z",
-			"Forks": 3953
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/gorgonia",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/gorgonia/gorgonia",
-			"Title": "Gorgonia is a library that helps facilitate machine learning in Go.\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-06-20T08:32:36Z",
-			"Forks": 359
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/caire",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/esimov/caire",
-			"Title": "Content aware image resize library\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-06-18T08:10:21Z",
-			"Forks": 360
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/goplus-play",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/visualfc/goplus-play",
-			"Title": "Playground of the Go+ language\n",
-			"Language": "JavaScript",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-06-17T15:40:34Z",
-			"Forks": 2
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/bpl",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/qiniu/bpl",
-			"Title": "Binary Processing Language\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-06-07T14:40:37Z",
-			"Forks": 28
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/c2goasm",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/minio/c2goasm",
-			"Title": "C to Go Assembly\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-06-04T02:52:47Z",
-			"Forks": 92
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/asm2plan9s",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/minio/asm2plan9s",
-			"Title": "Tool to generate BYTE sequences for Go assembly as generated by YASM\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-06-04T00:32:38Z",
-			"Forks": 31
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/scipy",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/scipy/scipy",
-			"Title": "Scipy library main repository\n",
-			"Language": "Python",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-05-24T16:58:25Z",
-			"Forks": 3826
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/sympy",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/sympy/sympy",
-			"Title": "A computer algebra system written in pure Python\n",
-			"Language": "Python",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-05-24T12:35:57Z",
-			"Forks": 3435
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/matplotlib",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/matplotlib/matplotlib",
-			"Title": "matplotlib: plotting with Python\n",
-			"Language": "Python",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-05-24T00:49:40Z",
-			"Forks": 5961
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/notebook",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/jupyter/notebook",
-			"Title": "Jupyter Interactive Notebook\n",
-			"Language": "JavaScript",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-05-23T00:20:16Z",
-			"Forks": 3473
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/jax",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/google/jax",
-			"Title": "Composable transformations of Python+NumPy programs: differentiate, vectorize, JIT to GPU/TPU, and more\n",
-			"Language": "Python",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-05-22T06:56:01Z",
-			"Forks": 1288
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/flax",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/google/flax",
-			"Title": "Flax is a neural network library for JAX that is designed for flexibility.\n",
-			"Language": "Python",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-05-21T22:57:17Z",
-			"Forks": 249
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/liner",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/peterh/liner",
-			"Title": "Pure Go line editor with history, inspired by linenoise\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-05-16T16:24:21Z",
-			"Forks": 105
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/query",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/couchbase/query",
-			"Title": "Query engine.\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-05-15T23:14:38Z",
-			"Forks": 41
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/pandas",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/pandas-dev/pandas",
-			"Title": "Flexible and powerful data analysis / manipulation library for Python, providing labeled data structures similar to R data.frame objects, statistical functions, and much more\n",
-			"Language": "Python",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-05-13T20:43:46Z",
-			"Forks": 12866
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/hugo",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/gohugoio/hugo",
-			"Title": "The world’s fastest framework for building websites.\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-05-13T19:44:45Z",
-			"Forks": 6086
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/netlify-cms",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/netlify/netlify-cms",
-			"Title": "A Git-based CMS for Static Site Generators\n",
-			"Language": "JavaScript",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-05-13T16:47:59Z",
-			"Forks": 2446
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/presto",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/prestodb/presto",
-			"Title": "The official home of the Presto distributed SQL query engine for big data\n",
-			"Language": "Java",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-05-13T01:19:32Z",
-			"Forks": 4234
-		},
-		{
-			"Repo": "/xushiwei/gonum",
-			"ForkedFrom": "/gonum/gonum",
-			"Title": "Gonum is a set of numeric libraries for the Go programming language. It contains libraries for matrices, statistics, optimization, and more\n",
-			"Language": "Go",
-			"UpdateTime": "2020-05-12T11:15:37Z",
-			"Forks": 409
-		}
-	],
-	"Next": "https://github.com/xushiwei?after=Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpK0MjAyMC0wNS0xMlQxMToxNTozN1rOD7hDgA%3D%3D\u0026tab=repositories"
-}`
-//line tutorial/02-GithubRepos/repos_test.gop:256:1
-func TestNew(t *testing.T) {
-//line tutorial/02-GithubRepos/repos_test.gop:257:1
-	doc := hdq1.Source("zip://data.zip#index.htm")
-//line tutorial/02-GithubRepos/repos_test.gop:258:1
-	ret := New(doc)
-//line tutorial/02-GithubRepos/repos_test.gop:259:1
-	b, err := json.MarshalIndent(ret, "", "\t")
-//line tutorial/02-GithubRepos/repos_test.gop:260:1
-	if err != nil {
-//line tutorial/02-GithubRepos/repos_test.gop:261:1
-		t.Fatal("json.MarshalIndent:", err)
-	}
-//line tutorial/02-GithubRepos/repos_test.gop:263:1
-	out := string(b)
-//line tutorial/02-GithubRepos/repos_test.gop:264:1
-	if out != outTestNew {
-//line tutorial/02-GithubRepos/repos_test.gop:265:1
-		t.Fatal("TestNew failed:", out)
-	}
-}