diff --git a/pkg/querier/queryrange/queryrangebase/retry.go b/pkg/querier/queryrange/queryrangebase/retry.go
index 1bd619324ef14..691d20fa5b5ec 100644
--- a/pkg/querier/queryrange/queryrangebase/retry.go
+++ b/pkg/querier/queryrange/queryrangebase/retry.go
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/grafana/dskit/grpcutil"
 	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
 	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promauto"
-	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
 
 	"github.com/grafana/loki/v3/pkg/util"
 	util_log "github.com/grafana/loki/v3/pkg/util/log"
@@ -97,8 +96,13 @@ func (r retry) Do(ctx context.Context, req Request) (Response, error) {
 			return nil, ctx.Err()
 		}
 
-		// Retry if we get a HTTP 500 or an unknown error.
-		if code := grpcutil.ErrorToStatusCode(err); code == codes.Unknown || code/100 == 5 {
+		code := grpcutil.ErrorToStatusCode(err)
+		// Error handling is tricky... There are many places we wrap any error and set an HTTP style status code
+		// but there are also places where we return an existing GRPC object which will use GRPC status codes
+		// If the code is < 100 it's a gRPC status code, currently we retry all of these, even codes.Canceled
+		// because when our pools close connections they do so with a cancel and we want to retry these
+		// If it's > 100, it's an HTTP code and we only retry 5xx
+		if code < 100 || code/100 == 5 {
 			lastErr = err
 			level.Error(util_log.WithContext(ctx, r.log)).Log(
 				"msg", "error processing request",
@@ -112,10 +116,13 @@ func (r retry) Do(ctx context.Context, req Request) (Response, error) {
 				"end_delta", time.Since(end),
 				"length", end.Sub(start),
 				"retry_in", bk.NextDelay(),
+				"code", code,
 				"err", err,
 			)
 			bk.Wait()
 			continue
+		} else {
+			level.Warn(util_log.WithContext(ctx, r.log)).Log("msg", "received an error but not a retryable code, this is possibly a bug.", "code", code, "err", err)
 		}
 
 		return nil, err
diff --git a/pkg/querier/queryrange/roundtrip.go b/pkg/querier/queryrange/roundtrip.go
index dc2b3bace165a..8ed3b26951131 100644
--- a/pkg/querier/queryrange/roundtrip.go
+++ b/pkg/querier/queryrange/roundtrip.go
@@ -286,8 +286,9 @@ func NewDetectedLabelsTripperware(cfg Config, opts logql.EngineOpts, logger log.
 	return base.MiddlewareFunc(func(next base.Handler) base.Handler {
 		statsHandler := mw.Wrap(next)
 		if cfg.MaxRetries > 0 {
+			tr := base.InstrumentMiddleware("retry", metrics.InstrumentMiddlewareMetrics)
 			rm := base.NewRetryMiddleware(logger, cfg.MaxRetries, metrics.RetryMiddlewareMetrics, namespace)
-			statsHandler = rm.Wrap(statsHandler)
+			statsHandler = queryrangebase.MergeMiddlewares(tr, rm).Wrap(statsHandler)
 		}
 		splitter := newDefaultSplitter(limits, iqo)
 
@@ -559,9 +560,10 @@ func NewLogFilterTripperware(cfg Config, engineOpts logql.EngineOpts, log log.Lo
 		statsHandler := indexStatsTripperware.Wrap(next)
 		retryNextHandler := next
 		if cfg.MaxRetries > 0 {
+			tr := base.InstrumentMiddleware("retry", metrics.InstrumentMiddlewareMetrics)
 			rm := base.NewRetryMiddleware(log, cfg.MaxRetries, metrics.RetryMiddlewareMetrics, metricsNamespace)
-			statsHandler = rm.Wrap(statsHandler)
-			retryNextHandler = rm.Wrap(next)
+			statsHandler = queryrangebase.MergeMiddlewares(tr, rm).Wrap(statsHandler)
+			retryNextHandler = queryrangebase.MergeMiddlewares(tr, rm).Wrap(next)
 		}
 
 		queryRangeMiddleware := []base.Middleware{
@@ -631,9 +633,10 @@ func NewLimitedTripperware(cfg Config, engineOpts logql.EngineOpts, log log.Logg
 		statsHandler := indexStatsTripperware.Wrap(next)
 		retryNextHandler := next
 		if cfg.MaxRetries > 0 {
+			tr := base.InstrumentMiddleware("retry", metrics.InstrumentMiddlewareMetrics)
 			rm := base.NewRetryMiddleware(log, cfg.MaxRetries, metrics.RetryMiddlewareMetrics, metricsNamespace)
-			statsHandler = rm.Wrap(statsHandler)
-			retryNextHandler = rm.Wrap(next)
+			statsHandler = queryrangebase.MergeMiddlewares(tr, rm).Wrap(statsHandler)
+			retryNextHandler = queryrangebase.MergeMiddlewares(tr, rm).Wrap(next)
 		}
 
 		queryRangeMiddleware := []base.Middleware{
@@ -874,9 +877,10 @@ func NewMetricTripperware(cfg Config, engineOpts logql.EngineOpts, log log.Logge
 		statsHandler := indexStatsTripperware.Wrap(next)
 		retryNextHandler := next
 		if cfg.MaxRetries > 0 {
+			tr := base.InstrumentMiddleware("retry", metrics.InstrumentMiddlewareMetrics)
 			rm := base.NewRetryMiddleware(log, cfg.MaxRetries, metrics.RetryMiddlewareMetrics, metricsNamespace)
-			statsHandler = rm.Wrap(statsHandler)
-			retryNextHandler = rm.Wrap(next)
+			statsHandler = queryrangebase.MergeMiddlewares(tr, rm).Wrap(statsHandler)
+			retryNextHandler = queryrangebase.MergeMiddlewares(tr, rm).Wrap(next)
 		}
 
 		queryRangeMiddleware := []base.Middleware{
@@ -1003,9 +1007,10 @@ func NewInstantMetricTripperware(
 		statsHandler := indexStatsTripperware.Wrap(next)
 		retryNextHandler := next
 		if cfg.MaxRetries > 0 {
+			tr := base.InstrumentMiddleware("retry", metrics.InstrumentMiddlewareMetrics)
 			rm := base.NewRetryMiddleware(log, cfg.MaxRetries, metrics.RetryMiddlewareMetrics, metricsNamespace)
-			statsHandler = rm.Wrap(statsHandler)
-			retryNextHandler = rm.Wrap(next)
+			statsHandler = queryrangebase.MergeMiddlewares(tr, rm).Wrap(statsHandler)
+			retryNextHandler = queryrangebase.MergeMiddlewares(tr, rm).Wrap(next)
 		}
 
 		queryRangeMiddleware := []base.Middleware{