diff --git a/.changelog/23077.txt b/.changelog/23077.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7a1206a93e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changelog/23077.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+```release-note:note
+provider: The `assume_role.duration_seconds` argument has been deprecated. All configurations using `assume_role.duration_seconds` should be updated to use the new `assume_role.duration` argument instead.
+```
+
+```release-note:enhancement
+provider: Add `duration` argument to the `assume_role` configuration block
+```
diff --git a/internal/provider/provider.go b/internal/provider/provider.go
index a242f5d2df6..c12f6794084 100644
--- a/internal/provider/provider.go
+++ b/internal/provider/provider.go
@@ -1936,11 +1936,20 @@ func assumeRoleSchema() *schema.Schema {
 		MaxItems: 1,
 		Elem: &schema.Resource{
 			Schema: map[string]*schema.Schema{
+				"duration": {
+					Type:          schema.TypeString,
+					Optional:      true,
+					Description:   "The duration, between 15 minutes and 12 hours, of the role session. Valid time units are ns, us (or µs), ms, s, h, or m.",
+					ValidateFunc:  ValidAssumeRoleDuration,
+					ConflictsWith: []string{"assume_role.0.duration_seconds"},
+				},
 				"duration_seconds": {
-					Type:         schema.TypeInt,
-					Optional:     true,
-					Description:  "The duration, in seconds, of the role session.",
-					ValidateFunc: validation.IntBetween(900, 43200),
+					Type:          schema.TypeInt,
+					Optional:      true,
+					Deprecated:    "Use assume_role.0.duration instead",
+					Description:   "The duration, in seconds, of the role session.",
+					ValidateFunc:  validation.IntBetween(900, 43200),
+					ConflictsWith: []string{"assume_role.0.duration"},
 				},
 				"external_id": {
 					Type:        schema.TypeString,
@@ -2022,6 +2031,11 @@ func endpointsSchema() *schema.Schema {
 func expandAssumeRole(m map[string]interface{}) *awsbase.AssumeRole {
 	assumeRole := awsbase.AssumeRole{}
 
+	if v, ok := m["duration"].(string); ok && v != "" {
+		duration, _ := time.ParseDuration(v)
+		assumeRole.Duration = duration
+	}
+
 	if v, ok := m["duration_seconds"].(int); ok && v != 0 {
 		assumeRole.Duration = time.Duration(v) * time.Second
 	}
diff --git a/internal/provider/validate.go b/internal/provider/validate.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6bb96f68f10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/provider/validate.go
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package provider
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// ValidAssumeRoleDuration validates a string can be parsed as a valid time.Duration
+// and is within a minimum of 15 minutes and maximum of 12 hours
+func ValidAssumeRoleDuration(v interface{}, k string) (ws []string, errors []error) {
+	duration, err := time.ParseDuration(v.(string))
+
+	if err != nil {
+		errors = append(errors, fmt.Errorf("%q cannot be parsed as a duration: %w", k, err))
+		return
+	}
+
+	if duration.Minutes() < 15 || duration.Hours() > 12 {
+		errors = append(errors, fmt.Errorf("duration %q must be between 15 minutes (15m) and 12 hours (12h), inclusive", k))
+	}
+
+	return
+}
diff --git a/internal/provider/validate_test.go b/internal/provider/validate_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..03a21b22f8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/provider/validate_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+package provider
+
+import (
+	"regexp"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestValidAssumeRoleDuration(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		val         interface{}
+		expectedErr *regexp.Regexp
+	}{
+		{
+			val:         "",
+			expectedErr: regexp.MustCompile(`cannot be parsed as a duration`),
+		},
+		{
+			val:         "1",
+			expectedErr: regexp.MustCompile(`cannot be parsed as a duration`),
+		},
+		{
+			val:         "10m",
+			expectedErr: regexp.MustCompile(`must be between 15 minutes \(15m\) and 12 hours \(12h\)`),
+		},
+		{
+			val:         "12h30m",
+			expectedErr: regexp.MustCompile(`must be between 15 minutes \(15m\) and 12 hours \(12h\)`),
+		},
+		{
+
+			val: "15m",
+		},
+		{
+			val: "1h10m10s",
+		},
+		{
+
+			val: "12h",
+		},
+	}
+
+	matchErr := func(errs []error, r *regexp.Regexp) bool {
+		// err must match one provided
+		for _, err := range errs {
+			if r.MatchString(err.Error()) {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+
+		return false
+	}
+
+	for i, tc := range testCases {
+		_, errs := ValidAssumeRoleDuration(tc.val, "test_property")
+
+		if len(errs) == 0 && tc.expectedErr == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if len(errs) != 0 && tc.expectedErr == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("expected test case %d to produce no errors, got %v", i, errs)
+		}
+
+		if !matchErr(errs, tc.expectedErr) {
+			t.Fatalf("expected test case %d to produce error matching \"%s\", got %v", i, tc.expectedErr, errs)
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/website/docs/guides/version-4-upgrade.html.md b/website/docs/guides/version-4-upgrade.html.md
index 71ecfc9dce7..717bc7bf627 100644
--- a/website/docs/guides/version-4-upgrade.html.md
+++ b/website/docs/guides/version-4-upgrade.html.md
@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ provider "aws" {
 
 Version 4.0.0 adds these new provider arguments:
 
+* `assume_role.duration` - The assume role duration represented as a string e.g. `"1h"` or `"1h30s"`. Replaces `assume_role.duration_seconds`, which has been deprecated in Terraform AWS Provider v4.0.0 and support will be removed in a future version.
 * `ec2_metadata_service_endpoint` - Address of the EC2 metadata service (IMDS) endpoint to use. Can also be set with the `AWS_EC2_METADATA_SERVICE_ENDPOINT` environment variable.
 * `ec2_metadata_service_endpoint_mode` - Mode to use in communicating with the metadata service. Valid values are `IPv4` and `IPv6`. Can also be set with the `AWS_EC2_METADATA_SERVICE_ENDPOINT_MODE` environment variable.
 * `s3_use_path_style` - Replaces `s3_force_path_style`, which has been deprecated in Terraform AWS Provider v4.0.0 and support will be removed in a future version.
diff --git a/website/docs/index.html.markdown b/website/docs/index.html.markdown
index 8d3995ae943..2bc19bbb0ae 100644
--- a/website/docs/index.html.markdown
+++ b/website/docs/index.html.markdown
@@ -335,7 +335,8 @@ In addition to [generic `provider` arguments](https://www.terraform.io/docs/conf
 
 The `assume_role` configuration block supports the following optional arguments:
 
-* `duration_seconds` - (Optional) Number of seconds to restrict the assume role session duration. You can provide a value from 900 seconds (15 minutes) up to the maximum session duration setting for the role.
+* `duration` - (Optional, Conflicts with `duration_seconds`) Duration of the assume role session. You can provide a value from 15 minutes up to the maximum session duration setting for the role. Represented by a string such as `1h`, `2h45m`, or `30m15s`.
+* `duration_seconds` - (Optional, **Deprecated** use `duration` instead) Number of seconds to restrict the assume role session duration. You can provide a value from 900 seconds (15 minutes) up to the maximum session duration setting for the role.
 * `external_id` - (Optional) External identifier to use when assuming the role.
 * `policy` - (Optional) IAM Policy JSON describing further restricting permissions for the IAM Role being assumed.
 * `policy_arns` - (Optional) Set of Amazon Resource Names (ARNs) of IAM Policies describing further restricting permissions for the IAM Role being assumed.