diff --git a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/callbacks.py b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/callbacks.py
index d219f518ff..33a3e9dd93 100644
--- a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/callbacks.py
+++ b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/callbacks.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
     BoxEdit, PointDraw, PolyDraw, PolyEdit, CDSStream, FreehandDraw,
     CurveEdit, SelectionXY, Lasso, SelectMode
 )
-from .util import bokeh3, convert_timestamp
+from .util import convert_timestamp
 
 
 class Callback:
@@ -617,23 +617,6 @@ class RangeXYCallback(Callback):
         'y1': 'cb_obj.y1',
     }
 
-    _js_on_event = """
-    if (this._updating)
-        return
-    const plot = this.origin
-    const plots = plot.x_range.plots.concat(plot.y_range.plots)
-    for (const p of plots) {
-      const event = new this.constructor(p.x_range.start, p.x_range.end, p.y_range.start, p.y_range.end)
-      event._updating = true
-      p.trigger_event(event)
-    }
-    """
-
-    def set_callback(self, handle):
-        super().set_callback(handle)
-        if not bokeh3:
-            handle.js_on_event('rangesupdate', CustomJS(code=self._js_on_event))
-
     def _process_msg(self, msg):
         if self.plot.state.x_range is not self.plot.handles['x_range']:
             x_range = self.plot.handles['x_range']
diff --git a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/element.py b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/element.py
index 079311b93e..192d17bfed 100644
--- a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/element.py
+++ b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/element.py
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
 )
 from .tabular import TablePlot
 from .util import (
-    TOOL_TYPES, bokeh_version, bokeh3, bokeh32, date_to_integer,
+    TOOL_TYPES, bokeh_version, bokeh32, date_to_integer,
     decode_bytes, get_tab_title, glyph_order, py2js_tickformatter,
     recursive_model_update, theme_attr_json, cds_column_replace,
     hold_policy, match_dim_specs, compute_layout_properties,
@@ -58,12 +58,8 @@
     get_scale, get_axis_class
 )
 
-if bokeh3:
-    from bokeh.models.formatters import CustomJSTickFormatter
-    from bokeh.models.layouts import TabPanel
-else:
-    from bokeh.models.formatters import FuncTickFormatter as CustomJSTickFormatter
-    from bokeh.models.layouts import Panel as TabPanel
+from bokeh.models.formatters import CustomJSTickFormatter
+from bokeh.models.layouts import TabPanel
 
 try:
     TOOLS_MAP = Tool._known_aliases
@@ -629,10 +625,7 @@ def _init_plot(self, key, element, plots, ranges=None):
 
         properties.update(**self._plot_properties(key, element))
 
-        if bokeh3:
-            figure = bokeh.plotting.figure
-        else:
-            figure = bokeh.plotting.Figure
+        figure = bokeh.plotting.figure
 
         with warnings.catch_warnings():
             # Bokeh raises warnings about duplicate tools but these
@@ -1633,18 +1626,13 @@ def _update_glyph(self, renderer, properties, mapping, glyph, source, data):
             server = self.renderer.mode == 'server'
             with hold_policy(self.document, 'collect', server=server):
                 empty_data = {c: [] for c in columns}
-                if bokeh3:
-                    event = ModelChangedEvent(
-                        document=self.document,
-                        model=source,
-                        attr='data',
-                        new=empty_data,
-                        setter='empty'
-                    )
-                else:
-                    event = ModelChangedEvent(
-                        self.document, source, 'data', source.data, empty_data, empty_data, setter='empty'
-                    )
+                event = ModelChangedEvent(
+                    document=self.document,
+                    model=source,
+                    attr='data',
+                    new=empty_data,
+                    setter='empty'
+                )
                 self.document.callbacks._held_events.append(event)
 
         if legend is not None:
@@ -2474,7 +2462,7 @@ def _process_legend(self, plot=None):
             or not self.show_legend):
             legend.items[:] = []
         else:
-            if bokeh3 and self.legend_cols:
+            if self.legend_cols:
                 plot.legend.nrows = self.legend_cols
             else:
                 plot.legend.orientation = 'horizontal' if self.legend_cols else 'vertical'
@@ -2576,8 +2564,6 @@ def _process_legend(self, overlay):
             options[k] = v
 
         pos = self.legend_position
-        if not bokeh3:
-            options['orientation'] = 'horizontal' if self.legend_cols else 'vertical'
         if pos in ['top', 'bottom'] and not self.legend_cols:
             options['orientation'] = 'horizontal'
 
@@ -2587,7 +2573,7 @@ def _process_legend(self, overlay):
 
         options.update(self._fontsize('legend', 'label_text_font_size'))
         options.update(self._fontsize('legend_title', 'title_text_font_size'))
-        if bokeh3 and self.legend_cols:
+        if self.legend_cols:
             options.update({"ncols": self.legend_cols})
         legend.update(**options)
 
diff --git a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/graphs.py b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/graphs.py
index 4f6924b07e..7f591ef8e1 100644
--- a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/graphs.py
+++ b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/graphs.py
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
     base_properties, line_properties, fill_properties, text_properties,
     rgba_tuple
 )
-from .util import bokeh3
 
 
 class GraphPlot(GraphMixin, CompositeElementPlot, ColorbarPlot, LegendPlot):
@@ -185,8 +184,6 @@ def get_data(self, element, ranges, style):
             index = nodes.astype(np.int32)
             layout = {k: (y, x) if self.invert_axes else (x, y)
                       for k, (x, y) in zip(index, node_positions)}
-        if not bokeh3:
-            layout = {str(k): v for k, v in layout.items()}
 
         point_data = {'index': index}
 
diff --git a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/links.py b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/links.py
index 55850eeb08..154cfb3974 100644
--- a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/links.py
+++ b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/links.py
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 
 from bokeh.models import CustomJS
 from bokeh.models.tools import RangeTool
+from bokeh.models import Toolbar
 
-from .util import bokeh3
 from ...core.util import isscalar
 from ..links import (
     Link, RectanglesTableLink, DataLink, RangeToolLink,
@@ -11,11 +11,6 @@
 )
 from ..plot import GenericElementPlot, GenericOverlayPlot
 
-if bokeh3:
-    from bokeh.models import Toolbar
-else:
-    from bokeh.models import ToolbarBox as Toolbar  # Not completely correct
-
 
 class LinkCallback:
 
@@ -158,11 +153,8 @@ def __init__(self, root_model, link, source_plot, target_plot):
 
         tool = RangeTool(**axes)
         source_plot.state.add_tools(tool)
-        if bokeh3 and toolbars:
+        if toolbars:
             toolbars[0].tools.append(tool)
-        elif toolbars:
-            toolbar = toolbars[0].toolbar
-            toolbar.tools.append(tool)
 
 
 class DataLinkCallback(LinkCallback):
@@ -206,8 +198,6 @@ def __init__(self, root_model, link, source_plot, target_plot):
             renderer.update(data_source=src_cds)
         else:
             renderer.update(source=src_cds)
-        if not bokeh3 and hasattr(renderer, 'view'):
-            renderer.view.update(source=src_cds)
         target_plot.handles['source'] = src_cds
         target_plot.handles['cds'] = src_cds
         for callback in target_plot.callbacks:
diff --git a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/plot.py b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/plot.py
index 5ed81c0d86..c74378e74e 100644
--- a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/plot.py
+++ b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/plot.py
@@ -30,14 +30,11 @@
 from ..util import attach_streams, displayable, collate
 from .links import LinkCallback
 from .util import (
-    bokeh3, filter_toolboxes, make_axis, sync_legends, update_shared_sources, empty_plot,
+    filter_toolboxes, make_axis, sync_legends, update_shared_sources, empty_plot,
     decode_bytes, theme_attr_json, cds_column_replace, get_default, merge_tools, select_legends
 )
 
-if bokeh3:
-    from bokeh.models.layouts import TabPanel
-else:
-    from bokeh.models.layouts import Panel as TabPanel
+from bokeh.models.layouts import TabPanel
 
 
 class BokehPlot(DimensionedPlot, CallbackPlot):
@@ -271,10 +268,9 @@ def _get_title_div(self, key, default_fontsize='15pt', width=450):
 
         if 'title' in self.handles:
             title_div = self.handles['title']
-        elif bokeh3:
-            title_div = Div(width=width, styles={"white-space": "nowrap"})  # so it won't wrap long titles easily
         else:
-            title_div = Div(width=width, style={"white-space": "nowrap"})  # so it won't wrap long titles easily
+            # so it won't wrap long titles easily
+            title_div = Div(width=width, styles={"white-space": "nowrap"})
         title_div.text = title_tags
 
         return title_div
@@ -310,8 +306,6 @@ def sync_sources(self):
                         renderer.update(data_source=new_source)
                     else:
                         renderer.update(source=new_source)
-                    if not bokeh3 and hasattr(renderer, 'view'):
-                        renderer.view.update(source=new_source)
                     plot.handles['source'] = plot.handles['cds'] = new_source
                     plots.append(plot)
                 shared_sources.append(new_source)
@@ -592,7 +586,7 @@ def initialize_plot(self, ranges=None, plots=[]):
         if self.sync_legends:
             sync_legends(plot)
         plot = self._make_axes(plot)
-        if bokeh3 and hasattr(plot, "toolbar") and self.merge_tools:
+        if hasattr(plot, "toolbar") and self.merge_tools:
             plot.toolbar = merge_tools(plots)
 
         title = self._get_title_div(self.keys[-1])
@@ -645,7 +639,7 @@ def _make_axes(self, plot):
                 x_axis.margin = (0, 0, 0, 50)
                 r1, r2 = r1[::-1], r2[::-1]
             plot = gridplot([r1, r2], merge_tools=False)
-            if bokeh3 and self.merge_tools:
+            if self.merge_tools:
                 plot.toolbar = merge_tools([r1, r2])
         elif y_axis:
             models = [y_axis, plot]
@@ -952,7 +946,7 @@ def initialize_plot(self, plots=None, ranges=None):
                                         merge_tools=False,
                                         toolbar_location=self.toolbar,
                                         sizing_mode=sizing_mode)
-                        if bokeh3 and self.merge_tools:
+                        if self.merge_tools:
                             grid.toolbar = merge_tools(children)
                     tab_plots.append((title, grid))
                     continue
@@ -994,7 +988,7 @@ def initialize_plot(self, plots=None, ranges=None):
             )
             if self.sync_legends:
                 sync_legends(layout_plot)
-            if bokeh3 and self.merge_tools:
+            if self.merge_tools:
                 layout_plot.toolbar = merge_tools(plot_grid)
 
         title = self._get_title_div(self.keys[-1])
diff --git a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/raster.py b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/raster.py
index d6d1d66f8a..6eda70d400 100644
--- a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/raster.py
+++ b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/raster.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 from .element import ColorbarPlot, LegendPlot
 from .selection import BokehOverlaySelectionDisplay
 from .styles import base_properties, fill_properties, line_properties, mpl_to_bokeh
-from .util import bokeh3, colormesh
+from .util import colormesh
 
 
 class RasterPlot(ColorbarPlot):
@@ -102,10 +102,6 @@ def get_data(self, element, ranges, style):
                 l, b, r, t = b, l, t, r
 
         dh, dw = t-b, r-l
-        if self.invert_xaxis and not bokeh3:
-            l, r = r, l
-        if self.invert_yaxis and not bokeh3:
-            b, t = t, b
         data = dict(x=[l], y=[b], dw=[dw], dh=[dh])
 
         for i, vdim in enumerate(element.vdims, 2):
@@ -118,10 +114,6 @@ def get_data(self, element, ranges, style):
                 img = np.array([[np.NaN]])
             if self.invert_axes ^ (type(element) is Raster):
                 img = img.T
-            if self.invert_xaxis and not bokeh3:
-                img = img[:, ::-1]
-            if self.invert_yaxis and not bokeh3:
-                img = img[::-1]
             key = 'image' if i == 2 else dimension_sanitizer(vdim.name)
             data[key] = [img]
 
@@ -212,12 +204,6 @@ def get_data(self, element, ranges, style):
             l, b, r, t = b, l, t, r
 
         dh, dw = t-b, r-l
-        if self.invert_xaxis and not bokeh3:
-            l, r = r, l
-            img = img[:, ::-1]
-        if self.invert_yaxis and not bokeh3:
-            img = img[::-1]
-            b, t = t, b
 
         if 0 in img.shape:
             img = np.zeros((1, 1), dtype=np.uint32)
diff --git a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/util.py b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/util.py
index 3d5557c9aa..3bfa425921 100644
--- a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/util.py
+++ b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/util.py
@@ -30,6 +30,10 @@
 from bokeh.models.widgets import DataTable, Div
 from bokeh.themes.theme import Theme
 from bokeh.themes import built_in_themes
+from bokeh.layouts import group_tools
+from bokeh.models.formatters import CustomJSTickFormatter
+from bokeh.models import Toolbar, Tabs, GridPlot, SaveTool, CopyTool, ExamineTool, FullscreenTool, LayoutDOM
+from bokeh.plotting import figure
 from packaging.version import Version
 
 from ...core.layout import Layout
@@ -44,25 +48,10 @@
 from ..util import dim_axis_label
 from ...util.warnings import deprecated
 
+
 bokeh_version = Version(bokeh.__version__)
-bokeh3 = bokeh_version >= Version("3.0")
 bokeh32 = bokeh_version >= Version("3.2")
 
-if bokeh3:
-    from bokeh.layouts import group_tools
-    from bokeh.models.formatters import CustomJSTickFormatter
-    from bokeh.models import Toolbar, Tabs, GridPlot, SaveTool, CopyTool, ExamineTool, FullscreenTool, LayoutDOM
-    from bokeh.plotting import figure
-    class WidgetBox: pass  # Does not exist in Bokeh 3
-
-else:
-    from bokeh.layouts import WidgetBox
-    from bokeh.models.formatters import FuncTickFormatter as CustomJSTickFormatter
-    from bokeh.models.widgets import Tabs
-    from bokeh.models import ToolbarBox as Toolbar  # Not completely correct
-    from bokeh.plotting import Figure as figure
-    class GridPlot: pass  # Does not exist in Bokeh 2
-
 TOOL_TYPES = {
     'pan': tools.PanTool,
     'xpan': tools.PanTool,
@@ -175,7 +164,7 @@ def compute_plot_size(plot):
     elif isinstance(plot, (Div, Toolbar)):
         # Cannot compute size for Div or Toolbar
         return 0, 0
-    elif isinstance(plot, (Row, Column, Tabs, WidgetBox)):
+    elif isinstance(plot, (Row, Column, Tabs)):
         if not plot.children: return 0, 0
         if isinstance(plot, Row) or (isinstance(plot, Toolbar) and plot.toolbar_location not in ['right', 'left']):
             w_agg, h_agg = (np.sum, np.max)
@@ -419,14 +408,12 @@ def merge(tool, group):
 def sync_legends(bokeh_layout):
     """This syncs the legends of all plots in a grid based on their name.
 
-    Only works for Bokeh 3 and above.
-
     Parameters
     ----------
     bokeh_layout : bokeh.models.{GridPlot, Row, Column}
         Gridplot to sync legends of.
     """
-    if not bokeh3 or len(bokeh_layout.children) < 2:
+    if len(bokeh_layout.children) < 2:
         return
 
     # Collect all glyph with names
@@ -664,7 +651,7 @@ def pad_width(model, table_padding=0.85, tabs_padding=1.2):
     elif isinstance(model, DataTable):
         width = model.width
         model.width = int(table_padding*width)
-    elif isinstance(model, (WidgetBox, Div)):
+    elif isinstance(model, Div):
         width = model.width
     elif model:
         width = model.width
@@ -687,8 +674,7 @@ def pad_plots(plots):
             row_widths.append(width)
         widths.append(row_widths)
 
-    layout = Column if bokeh3 else WidgetBox
-    plots = [[layout(p, width=w) if isinstance(p, (DataTable, Tabs)) else p
+    plots = [[Column(p, width=w) if isinstance(p, (DataTable, Tabs)) else p
               for p, w in zip(row, ws)] for row, ws in zip(plots, widths)]
     return plots
 
@@ -1170,8 +1156,6 @@ def wrap_formatter(formatter, axis):
 def property_to_dict(x):
     """
     Convert Bokeh's property Field and Value to a dictionary
-
-    Was added in bokeh 3.0
     """
 
     try:
@@ -1191,8 +1175,6 @@ def dtype_fix_hook(plot, element):
     # https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/issues/5726
     # Should be fixed in Bokeh 3.2
 
-    if not bokeh3:
-        return
     try:
         renderers = plot.handles["plot"].renderers
         for renderer in renderers:
diff --git a/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_elementplot.py b/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_elementplot.py
index f83259b697..3ae94b6af9 100644
--- a/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_elementplot.py
+++ b/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_elementplot.py
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 from holoviews.element import Curve, Image, Scatter, Labels, HeatMap
 from holoviews.streams import Stream, PointDraw
 from holoviews.plotting.util import process_cmap
-from holoviews.plotting.bokeh.util import bokeh3
 from holoviews.util import render
 
 from .test_plot import TestBokehPlot, bokeh_renderer
@@ -25,10 +24,7 @@
                             NumeralTickFormatter, LogTicker,
                             LinearColorMapper, LogColorMapper, EqHistColorMapper)
 
-if bokeh3:
-    from bokeh.models.formatters import CustomJSTickFormatter
-else:
-    from bokeh.models.formatters import FuncTickFormatter as CustomJSTickFormatter
+from bokeh.models.formatters import CustomJSTickFormatter
 
 
 class TestElementPlot(LoggingComparisonTestCase, TestBokehPlot):
diff --git a/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_graphplot.py b/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_graphplot.py
index ec540936bf..f0a47df345 100644
--- a/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_graphplot.py
+++ b/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_graphplot.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 from holoviews.core.data import Dataset
 from holoviews.element import Graph, Nodes, TriMesh, Chord, VLine, circular_layout
 from holoviews.util.transform import dim
-from holoviews.plotting.bokeh.util import property_to_dict, bokeh3
+from holoviews.plotting.bokeh.util import property_to_dict
 
 from bokeh.models import (NodesAndLinkedEdges, EdgesAndLinkedNodes, NodesOnly, Patches)
 from bokeh.models.mappers import CategoricalColorMapper, LinearColorMapper
@@ -36,10 +36,7 @@ def test_plot_simple_graph(self):
         self.assertEqual(node_source.data['index'], self.source)
         self.assertEqual(edge_source.data['start'], self.source)
         self.assertEqual(edge_source.data['end'], self.target)
-        if bokeh3:
-            layout = {z: (x, y) for x, y, z in self.graph.nodes.array()}
-        else:
-            layout = {str(z): (x, y) for x, y, z in self.graph.nodes.array()}
+        layout = {z: (x, y) for x, y, z in self.graph.nodes.array()}
 
         self.assertEqual(layout_source.graph_layout, layout)
 
@@ -64,10 +61,7 @@ def test_plot_graph_with_paths(self):
         edges = graph.edgepaths.split()
         self.assertEqual(edge_source.data['xs'], [path.dimension_values(0) for path in edges])
         self.assertEqual(edge_source.data['ys'], [path.dimension_values(1) for path in edges])
-        if bokeh3:
-            layout = {z: (x, y) for x, y, z in self.graph.nodes.array()}
-        else:
-            layout = {str(z): (x, y) for x, y, z in self.graph.nodes.array()}
+        layout = {z: (x, y) for x, y, z in self.graph.nodes.array()}
         self.assertEqual(layout_source.graph_layout, layout)
 
     def test_graph_inspection_policy_nodes(self):
@@ -322,10 +316,7 @@ def test_plot_simple_trimesh(self):
         self.assertEqual(node_source.data['index'], np.arange(4))
         self.assertEqual(edge_source.data['start'], np.arange(2))
         self.assertEqual(edge_source.data['end'], np.arange(1, 3))
-        if bokeh3:
-            layout = {z: (x, y) for x, y, z in self.trimesh.nodes.array()}
-        else:
-            layout = {str(z): (x, y) for x, y, z in self.trimesh.nodes.array()}
+        layout = {z: (x, y) for x, y, z in self.trimesh.nodes.array()}
         self.assertEqual(layout_source.graph_layout, layout)
 
     def test_plot_simple_trimesh_filled(self):
@@ -337,10 +328,7 @@ def test_plot_simple_trimesh_filled(self):
         self.assertEqual(node_source.data['index'], np.arange(4))
         self.assertEqual(edge_source.data['start'], np.arange(2))
         self.assertEqual(edge_source.data['end'], np.arange(1, 3))
-        if bokeh3:
-            layout = {z: (x, y) for x, y, z in self.trimesh.nodes.array()}
-        else:
-            layout = {str(z): (x, y) for x, y, z in self.trimesh.nodes.array()}
+        layout = {z: (x, y) for x, y, z in self.trimesh.nodes.array()}
         self.assertEqual(layout_source.graph_layout, layout)
 
     def test_trimesh_edges_categorical_colormapped(self):
diff --git a/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_gridplot.py b/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_gridplot.py
index b8f44359b2..7b1f93451c 100644
--- a/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_gridplot.py
+++ b/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_gridplot.py
@@ -5,17 +5,13 @@
 from holoviews.element import Curve, Image, Points
 from holoviews.operation import gridmatrix
 from holoviews.streams import Stream
-from holoviews.plotting.bokeh.util import bokeh3
 
 from .test_plot import TestBokehPlot, bokeh_renderer
 
 from bokeh.layouts import Column
 from bokeh.models import Div
 
-if bokeh3:
-    from bokeh.models import Toolbar
-else:
-    from bokeh.models import ToolbarBox as Toolbar  # Not completely correct
+from bokeh.models import Toolbar
 
 
 
@@ -111,10 +107,7 @@ def test_grid_set_toolbar_location(self):
         grid = GridSpace({0: Curve([]), 1: Points([])}, 'X').opts(toolbar='left')
         plot = bokeh_renderer.get_plot(grid)
         self.assertIsInstance(plot.state, Column)
-        if bokeh3:
-            self.assertIsInstance(plot.state.children[0].toolbar, Toolbar)
-        else:
-            self.assertIsInstance(plot.state.children[0].children[0], Toolbar)
+        self.assertIsInstance(plot.state.children[0].toolbar, Toolbar)
 
 
     def test_grid_disable_toolbar(self):
diff --git a/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_layoutplot.py b/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_layoutplot.py
index 275c96417c..4f7df4979a 100644
--- a/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_layoutplot.py
+++ b/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_layoutplot.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import datetime as dt
 import re
 
-import pytest
 import numpy as np
 
 from holoviews.core import (HoloMap, GridSpace, Layout, Empty, Dataset,
@@ -10,23 +9,16 @@
 from holoviews.streams import Stream
 from holoviews.util import render, opts
 from holoviews.util.transform import dim
-from holoviews.plotting.bokeh.util import bokeh3
 
-from bokeh.models import Div, GlyphRenderer, Tabs, Spacer, Title, Row, Column
+from bokeh.models import Div, GlyphRenderer, Tabs, Spacer, Title
 
 from ...utils import LoggingComparisonTestCase
 from .test_plot import TestBokehPlot, bokeh_renderer
 
-if bokeh3:
-    from bokeh.models.layouts import TabPanel
-    from bokeh.plotting import figure
-    from bokeh.models import GridPlot
-    from bokeh.models import Toolbar
-else:
-    from bokeh.models.layouts import Panel as TabPanel
-    from bokeh.plotting import Figure as figure
-    from bokeh.models import ToolbarBox as Toolbar  # Not completely correct
-    from bokeh.models import GridBox as GridPlot  # Not completely correct
+from bokeh.models.layouts import TabPanel
+from bokeh.plotting import figure
+from bokeh.models import GridPlot
+from bokeh.models import Toolbar
 
 
 class TestLayoutPlot(LoggingComparisonTestCase, TestBokehPlot):
@@ -172,8 +164,7 @@ def test_layout_title_update(self):
                 'font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt">Default: 1</span>')
         self.assertEqual(title.text, text)
 
-    @pytest.mark.skipif(not bokeh3, reason="Only work for Bokeh 3")
-    def test_layout_gridspaces_bokeh3(self):
+    def test_layout_gridspaces(self):
         layout = (GridSpace({(i, j): Curve(range(i+j)) for i in range(1, 3)
                              for j in range(2,4)}) +
                   GridSpace({(i, j): Curve(range(i+j)) for i in range(1, 3)
@@ -204,45 +195,6 @@ def test_layout_gridspaces_bokeh3(self):
             for gfig, *_ in grid.children:
                 self.assertIsInstance(gfig, figure)
 
-    @pytest.mark.skipif(bokeh3, reason="Only work for Bokeh 2")
-    def test_layout_gridspaces_bokeh2(self):
-        layout = (GridSpace({(i, j): Curve(range(i+j)) for i in range(1, 3)
-                             for j in range(2,4)}) +
-                  GridSpace({(i, j): Curve(range(i+j)) for i in range(1, 3)
-                             for j in range(2,4)}) +
-                  Curve(range(10))).cols(2)
-        layout_plot = bokeh_renderer.get_plot(layout)
-        plot = layout_plot.state
-
-        # Unpack until getting down to two rows
-        self.assertIsInstance(plot, Column)
-        self.assertEqual(len(plot.children), 2)
-        toolbar, grid = plot.children
-        self.assertIsInstance(toolbar, Toolbar)
-        self.assertIsInstance(grid, GridPlot)
-        self.assertEqual(len(grid.children), 3)
-        (col1, *_), (col2, *_), _ = grid.children
-        self.assertIsInstance(col1, Column)
-        self.assertIsInstance(col2, Column)
-        grid1 = col1.children[0]
-        grid2 = col2.children[0]
-
-        # Check the row of GridSpaces
-        self.assertEqual(len(grid1.children), 3)
-        _, (col1, *_), _ = grid1.children
-        self.assertIsInstance(col1, Column)
-        inner_grid1 = col1.children[0]
-
-        self.assertEqual(len(grid2.children), 3)
-        _, (col2, *_), _ = grid2.children
-        self.assertIsInstance(col2, Column)
-        inner_grid2 = col2.children[0]
-        for grid in [inner_grid1, inner_grid2]:
-            self.assertEqual(len(grid.children), 4)
-            for gfig, *_ in grid.children:
-                self.assertIsInstance(gfig, figure)
-
-
     def test_layout_instantiate_subplots(self):
         layout = (Curve(range(10)) + Curve(range(10)) + Image(np.random.rand(10,10)) +
                   Curve(range(10)) + Curve(range(10)))
@@ -262,10 +214,7 @@ def test_empty_adjoint_plot(self):
         plot = bokeh_renderer.get_plot(adjoint)
         adjoint_plot = plot.subplots[(0, 0)]
         self.assertEqual(len(adjoint_plot.subplots), 3)
-        if bokeh3:
-            grid = plot.state
-        else:
-            grid = plot.state.children[1]
+        grid = plot.state
         (f1, *_), (f2, *_), (s1, *_) = grid.children
         self.assertIsInstance(grid, GridPlot)
         self.assertIsInstance(s1, Spacer)
@@ -285,11 +234,8 @@ def test_empty_adjoint_plot_with_renderer(self):
     def test_layout_plot_with_adjoints(self):
         layout = (Curve([]) + Curve([]).hist()).cols(1)
         plot = bokeh_renderer.get_plot(layout)
-        if bokeh3:
-            grid = plot.state
-            toolbar = grid.toolbar
-        else:
-            toolbar, grid = plot.state.children
+        grid = plot.state
+        toolbar = grid.toolbar
         self.assertIsInstance(toolbar, Toolbar)
         self.assertIsInstance(grid, GridPlot)
         for (fig, _, _) in grid.children:
@@ -372,12 +318,8 @@ def test_layout_empty_subplots(self):
     def test_layout_set_toolbar_location(self):
         layout = (Curve([]) + Points([])).opts(toolbar='left')
         plot = bokeh_renderer.get_plot(layout)
-        if bokeh3:
-            self.assertIsInstance(plot.state, GridPlot)
-            self.assertIsInstance(plot.state.toolbar, Toolbar)
-        else:
-            self.assertIsInstance(plot.state, Row)
-            self.assertIsInstance(plot.state.children[0], Toolbar)
+        self.assertIsInstance(plot.state, GridPlot)
+        self.assertIsInstance(plot.state.toolbar, Toolbar)
 
     def test_layout_disable_toolbar(self):
         layout = (Curve([]) + Points([])).opts(toolbar=None)
diff --git a/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_plot.py b/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_plot.py
index aa0e04fa84..0b4a1d5b98 100644
--- a/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_plot.py
+++ b/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_plot.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import numpy as np
-import pytest
 import pyviz_comms as comms
 
 from param import concrete_descendents
@@ -14,7 +13,6 @@
 )
 from holoviews.plotting.bokeh.callbacks import Callback
 from holoviews.plotting.bokeh.element import ElementPlot
-from holoviews.plotting.bokeh.util import bokeh3
 
 bokeh_renderer = Store.renderers['bokeh']
 
@@ -83,7 +81,6 @@ def _test_hover_info(self, element, tooltips, line_policy='nearest', formatters=
             self.assertTrue(any(renderer in h.renderers for h in hover))
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(not bokeh3, reason="Bokeh>=3.0 required")
 def test_sync_two_plots():
     curve = lambda i: Curve(np.arange(10) * i, label="ABC"[i])
     plot1 = curve(0) * curve(1)
@@ -103,7 +100,6 @@ def test_sync_two_plots():
                 assert v[0].code == "dst.muted = src.muted"
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(not bokeh3, reason="Bokeh>=3.0 required")
 def test_sync_three_plots():
     curve = lambda i: Curve(np.arange(10) * i, label="ABC"[i])
     plot1 = curve(0) * curve(1)
diff --git a/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_rasterplot.py b/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_rasterplot.py
index 041ea2ccd7..872a916838 100644
--- a/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_rasterplot.py
+++ b/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_rasterplot.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 import numpy as np
 
 from holoviews.element import Raster, Image, RGB, ImageStack
-from holoviews.plotting.bokeh.util import bokeh3
 from holoviews.plotting.bokeh.raster import ImageStackPlot
 
 from .test_plot import TestBokehPlot, bokeh_renderer
@@ -59,18 +58,11 @@ def test_raster_invert_axes(self):
         plot = bokeh_renderer.get_plot(raster)
         source = plot.handles["source"]
 
-        if bokeh3:
-            np.testing.assert_equal(source.data["image"][0], arr.T)
-            assert source.data["x"][0] == 0
-            assert source.data["y"][0] == 0
-            assert source.data["dw"][0] == 2
-            assert source.data["dh"][0] == 3
-        else:
-            np.testing.assert_equal(source.data["image"][0], np.rot90(arr))
-            assert source.data["x"][0] == 0
-            assert source.data["y"][0] == 3
-            assert source.data["dw"][0] == 2
-            assert source.data["dh"][0] == 3
+        np.testing.assert_equal(source.data["image"][0], arr.T)
+        assert source.data["x"][0] == 0
+        assert source.data["y"][0] == 0
+        assert source.data["dw"][0] == 2
+        assert source.data["dh"][0] == 3
 
     def test_image_invert_axes(self):
         arr = np.array([[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5]])
@@ -95,12 +87,8 @@ def test_image_invert_xaxis(self):
         assert cdata["dh"] == [1.0]
         assert cdata["dw"] == [1.0]
 
-        if bokeh3:
-            assert cdata["x"] == [-0.5]
-            np.testing.assert_equal(cdata["image"][0], arr[::-1])
-        else:
-            assert cdata["x"] == [0.5]
-            np.testing.assert_equal(cdata["image"][0], arr[::-1, ::-1])
+        assert cdata["x"] == [-0.5]
+        np.testing.assert_equal(cdata["image"][0], arr[::-1])
 
     def test_image_invert_yaxis(self):
         arr = np.random.rand(10, 10)
@@ -114,12 +102,8 @@ def test_image_invert_yaxis(self):
         assert cdata["dh"] == [1.0]
         assert cdata["dw"] == [1.0]
 
-        if bokeh3:
-            assert cdata["y"] == [-0.5]
-            np.testing.assert_equal(cdata["image"][0], arr[::-1])
-        else:
-            assert cdata["y"] == [0.5]
-            np.testing.assert_equal(cdata["image"][0], arr)
+        assert cdata["y"] == [-0.5]
+        np.testing.assert_equal(cdata["image"][0], arr[::-1])
 
     def test_rgb_invert_xaxis(self):
         rgb = RGB(np.random.rand(10, 10, 3)).opts(invert_xaxis=True)
@@ -131,11 +115,7 @@ def test_rgb_invert_xaxis(self):
         assert cdata["y"] == [-0.5]
         assert cdata["dh"] == [1.0]
         assert cdata["dw"] == [1.0]
-
-        if bokeh3:
-            assert cdata["x"] == [-0.5]
-        else:
-            assert cdata["x"] == [0.5]
+        assert cdata["x"] == [-0.5]
 
     def test_rgb_invert_yaxis(self):
         rgb = RGB(np.random.rand(10, 10, 3)).opts(invert_yaxis=True)
@@ -147,11 +127,7 @@ def test_rgb_invert_yaxis(self):
         assert cdata["x"] == [-0.5]
         assert cdata["dh"] == [1.0]
         assert cdata["dw"] == [1.0]
-
-        if bokeh3:
-            assert cdata["y"] == [-0.5]
-        else:
-            assert cdata["y"] == [0.5]
+        assert cdata["y"] == [-0.5]
 
     def test_image_stack_tuple(self):
         x = np.arange(0, 3)
diff --git a/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_renderer.py b/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_renderer.py
index cced66d377..3c25947227 100644
--- a/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_renderer.py
+++ b/holoviews/tests/plotting/bokeh/test_renderer.py
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 from holoviews.streams import Stream
 from holoviews.plotting import Renderer
 from holoviews.element.comparison import ComparisonTestCase
-from holoviews.plotting.bokeh.util import bokeh3
 
 from pyviz_comms import CommManager
 
@@ -82,10 +81,7 @@ def test_get_size_tables_in_layout(self):
         self.assertEqual((w, h), (800, 300))
 
     def test_theme_rendering(self):
-        if bokeh3:
-            attrs = {'figure': {'outline_line_color': '#444444'}}
-        else:
-            attrs = {'Figure': {'outline_line_color': '#444444'}}
+        attrs = {'figure': {'outline_line_color': '#444444'}}
         theme = Theme(json={'attrs' : attrs})
         self.renderer.theme = theme
         plot = self.renderer.get_plot(Curve([]))
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 42347d806a..99ac4d4a94 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
     "param >=1.12.0,<3.0",
     "numpy >=1.0",
     "pyviz_comms >=0.7.4",
-    "panel >=0.13.1",
+    "panel >=1.0",
     "colorcet",
     "packaging",
     "pandas >=0.20.0",
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
     'flaky',
     'matplotlib >=3, <3.8',  # 3.8 breaks tests
     'nbconvert',
-    'bokeh',
+    'bokeh >=3.1',
     'pillow',
     'plotly >=4.0',
     'dash >=1.16',
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
 # IPython Notebook + pandas + matplotlib + bokeh
 extras_require["recommended"] = extras_require["notebook"] + [
     "matplotlib >=3",
-    "bokeh >=2.4.3",
+    "bokeh >=3.1",
 ]
 
 # Requirements to run all examples
@@ -112,16 +112,13 @@
     'mpl_sample_data >=3.1.3',
     'pscript',
     'graphviz',
-    'bokeh >2.2',
+    'bokeh >=3.1',
     'pooch',
     'selenium',
 ]
 
 extras_require['all'] = sorted(set(sum(extras_require.values(), [])))
 
-extras_require['bokeh2'] = ["panel ==0.14.4", "param ==1.13.0"]  # Hard-pin to not pull in rc releases
-extras_require['bokeh3'] = ["panel >=1.0.0"]
-
 extras_require["build"] = [
     "param >=1.7.0",
     "setuptools >=30.3.0",