bpf: fix %p% runtime check in bpf_bprintf_prepare

Fuzzing reports a warning in format_decode()

Please remove unsupported %� in format string
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 5091 at lib/vsprintf.c:2680 format_decode+0x1193/0x1bb0 lib/vsprintf.c:2680
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 PID: 5091 Comm: syz-executor879 Not tainted 6.10.0-rc1-syzkaller-00021-ge0cce98fe279 #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 04/02/2024
RIP: 0010:format_decode+0x1193/0x1bb0 lib/vsprintf.c:2680
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 bstr_printf+0x137/0x1210 lib/vsprintf.c:3253
 ____bpf_trace_printk kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c:390 [inline]
 bpf_trace_printk+0x1a1/0x230 kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c:375
 bpf_prog_21da1b68f62e1237+0x36/0x41
 bpf_dispatcher_nop_func include/linux/bpf.h:1243 [inline]
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:691 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:698 [inline]
 bpf_test_run+0x40b/0x910 net/bpf/test_run.c:425
 bpf_prog_test_run_skb+0xafa/0x13a0 net/bpf/test_run.c:1066
 bpf_prog_test_run+0x33c/0x3b0 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:4291
 __sys_bpf+0x48d/0x810 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5705
 __do_sys_bpf kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5794 [inline]
 __se_sys_bpf kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5792 [inline]
 __x64_sys_bpf+0x7c/0x90 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5792
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

The problem occurs when trying to pass %p% at the end of format string,
which would result in skipping last % and passing invalid format string
down to format_decode() that would cause warning because of invalid
character after %.

Fix issue by advancing pointer only if next char is format modifier.
If next char is null/space/punct, then just accept formatting as is,
without advancing the pointer.

Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with Syzkaller.

Reported-by: syzbot+e2c932aec5c8a6e1d31c@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=e2c932aec5c8a6e1d31c
Fixes: 48cac3f ("bpf: Implement formatted output helpers with bstr_printf")
Co-developed-by: Nikita Marushkin <hfggklm@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Nikita Marushkin <hfggklm@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Shchipletsov <rabbelkin@mail.ru>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yonghong.song@linux.dev>
Acked-by: Florent Revest <revest@chromium.org>

kernel/bpf/helpers.c

@@ -889,17 +889,22 @@ int bpf_bprintf_prepare(char *fmt, u32 fmt_size, const u64 *raw_args,
 				goto fmt_str;
 			}
 
-			if (fmt[i + 1] == 0 || isspace(fmt[i + 1]) ||
-			    ispunct(fmt[i + 1]) || fmt[i + 1] == 'K' ||
-			    fmt[i + 1] == 'x' || fmt[i + 1] == 's' ||
-			    fmt[i + 1] == 'S') {
+			if (fmt[i + 1] == 'K' || fmt[i + 1] == 'x' ||
+			    fmt[i + 1] == 's' || fmt[i + 1] == 'S') {
 				/* just kernel pointers */
 				if (tmp_buf)
 					cur_arg = raw_args[num_spec];
 				i++;
 				goto nocopy_fmt;
 			}
 
+			if (fmt[i + 1] == 0 || isspace(fmt[i + 1]) ||
+			    ispunct(fmt[i + 1])) {
+				if (tmp_buf)
+					cur_arg = raw_args[num_spec];
+				goto nocopy_fmt;
+			}
+
 			if (fmt[i + 1] == 'B') {
 				if (tmp_buf)  {
 					err = snprintf(tmp_buf,