diff --git a/hack/cache-common-inc.sh b/hack/cache-common-inc.sh
index bf516b739d8..d3ce456aa90 100755
--- a/hack/cache-common-inc.sh
+++ b/hack/cache-common-inc.sh
@@ -367,21 +367,17 @@ function download_to_cache() {
 	# check the remote location
 	local curl_info_json write_out
 	write_out='{
-		"http_code":%{http_code},
-		"last_modified":"%header{Last-Modified}",
-		"date":"%header{Date}",
-		"content_type":"%{content_type}",
-		"url":"%{url_effective}",
-		"filename":"%{filename_effective}"
+		"json":%{json},
+		"header":%{header_json}
 	}'
 	curl_info_json=$(curl -sSLI -w "${write_out}" "$1" -o /dev/null)
 
 	local code time type url
-	code=$(jq -r '.http_code' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
-	time=$(jq -r '(.last_modified|select(length>1)) // .date' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
-	type=$(jq -r '.content_type' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
+	code=$(jq -r '.json.http_code' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
+	time=$(jq -r '(.header["last-modified"]|first) // (.header["date"]|first) // empty' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
+	type=$(jq -r '.json.content_type' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
 	if [[ ${use_redirected_location} == "YES" ]]; then
-		url=$(jq -r '.url' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
+		url=$(jq -r '.json.url_effective' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
 	else
 		url=$1
 	fi
@@ -400,11 +396,11 @@ function download_to_cache() {
 			curl -SL -w "${write_out}" --no-clobber -o "${cache_path}/data" "${url}"
 		)
 		local filename
-		code=$(jq -r '.http_code' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
-		time=$(jq -r '(.last_modified|select(length>1)) // .date' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
-		type=$(jq -r '.content_type' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
-		url=$(jq -r '.url' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
-		filename=$(jq -r '.filename' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
+		code=$(jq -r '.json.http_code' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
+		time=$(jq -r '(.header["last-modified"]|first) // (.header["date"]|first) // empty' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
+		type=$(jq -r '.json.content_type' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
+		url=$(jq -r '.json.url_effective' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
+		filename=$(jq -r '.json.filename_effective' <<<"${curl_info_json}")
 		[[ ${code} == 200 ]] || error_exit "Failed to download ${url}"
 		[[ "${cache_path}/data" == "${filename}" ]] || mv "${filename}" "${cache_path}/data"
 		# sha256.digest seems existing if expected digest is available. so, not creating it here.
diff --git a/hack/update-template-opensuse.sh b/hack/update-template-opensuse.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..02196c42e9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hack/update-template-opensuse.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,361 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -eu -o pipefail
+
+# Functions in this script assume error handling with 'set -e'.
+# To ensure 'set -e' works correctly:
+# - Use 'set +e' before assignments and '$(set -e; <function>)' to capture output without exiting on errors.
+# - Avoid calling functions directly in conditions to prevent disabling 'set -e'.
+# - Use 'shopt -s inherit_errexit' (Bash 4.4+) to avoid repeated 'set -e' in all '$(...)'.
+shopt -s inherit_errexit || error_exit "inherit_errexit not supported. Please use bash 4.4 or later."
+
+function opensuse_print_help() {
+	cat <<HELP
+$(basename "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}"): Update the openSUSE Linux image location in the specified templates
+
+Usage:
+  $(basename "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}") [--version-major-minor (<major>.<minor>|current|stable|tumbleweed)|--version-major <major> --version-minor <minor>] <template.yaml>...
+
+Description:
+  This script updates the openSUSE Linux image location in the specified templates.
+  Image location basename format:
+
+    openSUSE-(Leap-<major minor version>|Tumbleweed)-Minimal-VM.<arch>-Cloud.qcow2
+
+  Published openSUSE Linux image information is fetched from the following URLs:
+
+    Leap:
+	  <major>.<minor>: https://download.opensuse.org/distribution/leap/<major>.<minor>/appliances/?jsontable
+	  current: https://download.opensuse.org/distribution/openSUSE-current/appliances/?jsontable
+	  stable: https://download.opensuse.org/distribution/openSUSE-stable/appliances/?jsontable
+	
+    Tumbleweed:
+      x86_64: https://download.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/appliances/?jsontable
+	  not x86_64: https://download.opensuse.org/ports/<arch>/tumbleweed/appliances/?jsontable
+
+  The downloaded files will be cached in the Lima cache directory.
+
+Examples:
+  Update the openSUSE Linux image location in templates/**.yaml:
+  $ $(basename "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}") templates/**.yaml
+
+  Update the openSUSE Linux image location to version 15.6 in ~/.lima/opensuse/lima.yaml:
+  $ $(basename "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}") --version-major-minor 15.6 ~/.lima/opensuse/lima.yaml
+  $ limactl factory-reset opensuse
+
+  Update the openSUSE Linux image location to tumbleweed in ~/.lima/opensuse/lima.yaml:
+  $ $(basename "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}") --version-major-minor tumbleweed ~/.lima/opensuse/lima.yaml
+  $ limactl factory-reset opensuse
+
+Flags:
+  --version-major-minor (<major>.<minor>|current|stable|tumbleweed) Use the specified <major>.<minor> version or 
+                                                                    aliases "current", "stable", or "tumbleweed".
+                                                                    The <major>.<minor> version must be 15.0 or later.
+  --version-major <major> --version-minor <minor>                   Use the specified <major> and <minor> version.
+  -h, --help                                                        Print this help message
+HELP
+}
+
+# print the URL spec for the given location
+function opensuse_url_spec_from_location() {
+	local location=$1 jq_filter url_spec
+	jq_filter='capture("
+		^https://download\\.opensuse\\.org/(?:
+			distribution/(?:
+				leap/(?<path_version_leap>\\d+\\.\\d+)|
+				openSUSE-(?<path_version_leap_alias>current|stable)
+			)|
+			(?:ports/aarch64/)?(?<path_version_tumbleweed>tumbleweed)
+		)/appliances/
+		openSUSE-(?<version>Leap-\\d+\\.\\d+|Tumbleweed)-Minimal-VM
+		\\.(?<arch>[^-]+)(?<major_minor_patch>-\\d+\\.\\d+\\.\\d+)?-(?<target_vendor>.*)(?<build_info>-Build\\d+\\.\\d+)?\\.(?<file_extension>.*)$
+	";"x") | 
+	.path_version = (.path_version_leap // .path_version_leap_alias // .path_version_tumbleweed)
+	'
+	url_spec=$(jq -e -r "${jq_filter}" <<<"\"${location}\"")
+	echo "${url_spec}"
+}
+
+readonly opensuse_jq_filter_directory='"https://download.opensuse.org/\(
+	if .path_version == "tumbleweed" then
+		if .arch != "x86_64" then
+			"ports/\(.arch)/"
+		else
+			""
+		end + "tumbleweed"
+	else
+		"distribution/" +
+		if .path_version == "current" or .path_version == "stable" then
+			"openSUSE-\(.path_version)"
+		else
+			"leap/\(.path_version)"
+		end
+	end
+)/appliances/"'
+readonly opensuse_jq_filter_filename='
+	"openSUSE-\(
+		if .version == "tumbleweed" then "Tumbleweed" else "Leap-\(.version)" end
+	)-Minimal-VM.\(.arch)\(
+		if .major_minor_patch then .major_minor_patch else "" end
+	)-\(.target_vendor)\(
+		if .build_info then .build_info else "" end
+	).\(.file_extension)"
+'
+
+# print the location for the given URL spec
+function opensuse_location_from_url_spec() {
+	local -r url_spec=$1
+	jq -e -r "${opensuse_jq_filter_directory} + ${opensuse_jq_filter_filename}" <<<"${url_spec}" ||
+		error_exit "Failed to get the location for ${url_spec}"
+}
+
+function opensuse_image_directory_from_url_spec() {
+	local -r url_spec=$1
+	jq -e -r "${opensuse_jq_filter_directory}" <<<"${url_spec}" ||
+		error_exit "Failed to get the image directory for ${url_spec}"
+}
+
+function opensuse_image_filename_from_url_spec() {
+	local -r url_spec=$1
+	jq -e -r "${opensuse_jq_filter_filename}" <<<"${url_spec}" ||
+		error_exit "Failed to get the image filename for ${url_spec}"
+}
+
+function opensuse_json_url_from_url_spec() {
+	local -r url_spec=$1
+	local json_url
+	json_url="$(opensuse_image_directory_from_url_spec "${url_spec}")?jsontable"
+	echo "${json_url}"
+}
+
+#
+function opensuse_latest_image_entry_for_url_spec() {
+	local url_spec=$1 arch json_url downloaded_json latest_version_info
+	# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+	arch=$(jq -r '.arch' <<<"${url_spec}")
+	json_url="$(opensuse_image_directory_from_url_spec "${url_spec}")?jsontable"
+	downloaded_json=$(download_to_cache "${json_url}")
+	latest_version_info=$(jq -e -r --argjson spec "${url_spec}" '
+		[
+			.data |sort_by(.mtime)|.[].name|
+			if $spec.major_minor_patch then
+				capture(
+					"^openSUSE-(?:Leap-(?<version_leap>\\d+\\.\\d+)|(?<version_tumbleweed>Tumbleweed))-Minimal-VM
+					\\.\($spec.arch)(?<major_minor_patch>-\\d+\\.\\d+\\.\\d+)?-\($spec.target_vendor)(?<build_info>-Build\\d+\\.\\d+)?\\.\($spec.file_extension)$"
+					;"x"
+				)
+			else
+				capture(
+					"^openSUSE-(?:Leap-(?<version_leap>\\d+\\.\\d+)|(?<version_tumbleweed>Tumbleweed))-Minimal-VM
+					\\.\($spec.arch)-\($spec.target_vendor)\\.\($spec.file_extension)$"
+					;"x"
+				)
+			end |
+			.version = (.version_leap // (.version_tumbleweed|ascii_downcase)) |
+			.version_number_array = ([.version | scan("\\d+") | tonumber])
+		] | sort_by(.version_number_array, .image_revision) | last
+	' <"${downloaded_json}")
+	[[ -n ${latest_version_info} ]] || return
+	local newer_url_spec location
+	# prefer the <major>.<minor> in the path
+	newer_url_spec=$(jq -e -r ". + ${latest_version_info} | .path_version = .version" <<<"${url_spec}")
+	location=$(opensuse_location_from_url_spec "${newer_url_spec}")
+	location=$(validate_url_without_redirect "${location}")
+
+	# Digest is not used here because URLs containing dates are not retained long-term.
+	# Instead, URLs without dates must be used, and their content is often updated without a URL change,
+	# resulting in only the digest being updated. Therefore, recording the digest is not meaningful.
+	#
+	# local sha256sum_location downloaded_sha256sum filename digest
+	# sha256sum_location="${location}.sha256"
+	# downloaded_sha256sum=$(download_to_cache "${sha256sum_location}")
+	# filename=$(opensuse_image_filename_from_url_spec "${newer_url_spec}")
+	# digest="sha256:$(awk '{print $1}' <"${downloaded_sha256sum}")"
+	# [[ -n ${digest} ]] || error_exit "Failed to get the digest for ${filename}"
+	json_vars location arch # digest
+}
+
+function opensuse_cache_key_for_image_kernel() {
+	local location=$1 url_spec
+	url_spec=$(opensuse_url_spec_from_location "${location}")
+	jq -r '["opensuse", .path_version, .target_vendor, .arch, .file_extension] | join(":")' <<<"${url_spec}"
+}
+
+function opensuse_image_entry_for_image_kernel() {
+	local location=$1 kernel_is_not_supported=$2 url_spec path_version overriding image_entry=''
+	[[ ${kernel_is_not_supported} == "null" ]] || echo "Updating kernel information is not supported on openSUSE Linux" >&2
+	url_spec=$(opensuse_url_spec_from_location "${location}")
+	path_version=$(jq -r '.path_version' <<<"${url_spec}")
+	if [[ ${path_version} == "tumbleweed" ]]; then
+		overriding=${3:-'{"path_version":"tumbleweed"}'}
+	else
+		overriding=${3:-'{"path_version":"stable"}'}
+	fi
+	url_spec=$(jq -r '. + '"${overriding}" <<<"${url_spec}")
+	image_entry=$(opensuse_latest_image_entry_for_url_spec "${url_spec}")
+	# shellcheck disable=SC2031
+	if [[ -z ${image_entry} ]]; then
+		error_exit "Failed to get the ${url_spec} image location for ${location}"
+	elif jq -e ".location == \"${location}\"" <<<"${image_entry}" >/dev/null; then
+		echo "Image location is up-to-date: ${location}" >&2
+	else
+		echo "${image_entry}"
+	fi
+}
+
+# check if the script is executed or sourced
+# shellcheck disable=SC1091
+if [[ ${BASH_SOURCE[0]} == "${0}" ]]; then
+	scriptdir=$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")
+	# shellcheck source=./cache-common-inc.sh
+	. "${scriptdir}/cache-common-inc.sh"
+
+	# shellcheck source=/dev/null # avoid shellcheck hangs on source looping
+	. "${scriptdir}/update-template.sh"
+else
+	# this script is sourced
+	if [[ -v SUPPORTED_DISTRIBUTIONS ]]; then
+		SUPPORTED_DISTRIBUTIONS+=("opensuse")
+	else
+		declare -a SUPPORTED_DISTRIBUTIONS=("opensuse")
+	fi
+	return 0
+fi
+
+declare -a templates=()
+declare overriding='{}'
+declare version_major='' version_minor=''
+while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+	case "$1" in
+	-h | --help)
+		opensuse_print_help
+		exit 0
+		;;
+	-d | --debug) set -x ;;
+	--version-major-minor)
+		if [[ -n ${2:-} && $2 != -* ]]; then
+			version="$2"
+			shift
+		else
+			error_exit "--version-major-minor requires a value"
+		fi
+		;&
+	--version-major-minor=*)
+		version=${version:-${1#*=}}
+		overriding=$(
+			version="${version#v}"
+			if [[ ${version} =~ ^v?[0-9]+.[0-9]+ ]]; then
+				version="$(echo "${version}" | cut -d. -f1-2)"
+				[[ ${version%%.*} -ge 15 ]] || error_exit "openSUSE Linux version must be 15.0 or later"
+				path_version="${version}"
+			elif [[ ${version} == "current" || ${version} == "stable" || ${version} == "tumbleweed" ]]; then
+				path_version=${version}
+			else
+				error_exit "--version-major-minor requires a value in the format <major>.<minor>, current, stable, or tumbleweed"
+			fi
+			json_vars path_version <<<"${overriding}"
+		)
+		;;
+	--version-major)
+		if [[ -n ${2:-} && $2 != -* ]]; then
+			version_major="$2"
+			shift
+		else
+			error_exit "--version-major requires a value"
+		fi
+		;&
+	--version-major=*)
+		version_major=${version_major:-${1#*=}}
+		[[ ${version_major} =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] || error_exit "Please specify --version-major in numbers"
+		;;
+	--version-minor)
+		if [[ -n ${2:-} && $2 != -* ]]; then
+			version_minor="$2"
+			shift
+		else
+			error_exit "--version-minor requires a value"
+		fi
+		;&
+	--version-minor=*)
+		version_minor=${version_minor:-${1#*=}}
+		[[ ${version_minor} =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] || error_exit "Please specify --version-minor in numbers"
+		;;
+	*.yaml) templates+=("$1") ;;
+	*)
+		error_exit "Unknown argument: $1"
+		;;
+	esac
+	shift
+	[[ -z ${overriding} ]] && overriding="{}"
+done
+
+if ! jq -e '.path_version' <<<"${overriding}" >/dev/null; then # --version-major-minor is not specified
+	if [[ -n ${version_major} && -n ${version_minor} ]]; then
+		[[ ${version_major} -ge 15 ]] || error_exit "openSUSE Linux version must be 15.0 or later"
+		# shellcheck disable=2034
+		path_version="${version_major}.${version_minor}"
+		overriding=$(json_vars path_version <<<"${overriding}")
+	elif [[ -n ${version_major} ]]; then
+		error_exit "--version-minor is required when --version-major is specified"
+	elif [[ -n ${version_minor} ]]; then
+		error_exit "--version-major is required when --version-minor is specified"
+	fi
+elif [[ -n ${version_major} || -n ${version_minor} ]]; then # --version-major-minor is specified
+	echo "Ignoring --version-major and --version-minor because --version-major-minor is specified" >&2
+fi
+[[ ${overriding} == "{}" ]] && overriding=''
+
+if [[ ${#templates[@]} -eq 0 ]]; then
+	opensuse_print_help
+	exit 0
+fi
+
+declare -A image_entry_cache=()
+
+for template in "${templates[@]}"; do
+	echo "Processing ${template}"
+	# 1. extract location by parsing template using arch
+	yq_filter="
+		.images[] | [.location, .kernel.location, .kernel.cmdline] | @tsv
+	"
+	parsed=$(yq eval "${yq_filter}" "${template}")
+
+	# 3. get the image location
+	arr=()
+	while IFS= read -r line; do arr+=("${line}"); done <<<"${parsed}"
+	locations=("${arr[@]}")
+	for ((index = 0; index < ${#locations[@]}; index++)); do
+		[[ ${locations[index]} != "null" ]] || continue
+		set -e
+		IFS=$'\t' read -r location kernel_location kernel_cmdline <<<"${locations[index]}"
+		set +e # Disable 'set -e' to avoid exiting on error for the next assignment.
+		cache_key=$(
+			set -e # Enable 'set -e' for the next command.
+			opensuse_cache_key_for_image_kernel "${location}" "${kernel_location}"
+		) # Check exit status separately to prevent disabling 'set -e' by using the function call in the condition.
+		# shellcheck disable=2181
+		[[ $? -eq 0 ]] || continue
+		image_entry=$(
+			set -e # Enable 'set -e' for the next command.
+			if [[ -v image_entry_cache[${cache_key}] ]]; then
+				echo "${image_entry_cache[${cache_key}]}"
+			else
+				opensuse_image_entry_for_image_kernel "${location}" "${kernel_location}" "${overriding}"
+			fi
+		) # Check exit status separately to prevent disabling 'set -e' by using the function call in the condition.
+		# shellcheck disable=2181
+		[[ $? -eq 0 ]] || continue
+		set -e
+		image_entry_cache[${cache_key}]="${image_entry}"
+		if [[ -n ${image_entry} ]]; then
+			[[ ${kernel_cmdline} != "null" ]] &&
+				jq -e 'has("kernel")' <<<"${image_entry}" >/dev/null &&
+				image_entry=$(jq ".kernel.cmdline = \"${kernel_cmdline}\"" <<<"${image_entry}")
+			echo "${image_entry}" | jq
+			limactl edit --log-level error --set "
+				.images[${index}] = ${image_entry}|
+				(.images[${index}] | ..) style = \"double\"
+			" "${template}"
+		fi
+	done
+done
diff --git a/hack/update-template.sh b/hack/update-template.sh
index 923148717fe..5d965ed7449 100755
--- a/hack/update-template.sh
+++ b/hack/update-template.sh
@@ -162,6 +162,8 @@ if [[ ${BASH_SOURCE[0]} == "${0}" ]]; then
 	. "${scriptdir}/update-template-oraclelinux.sh"
 	# shellcheck source=./update-template-fedora.sh
 	. "${scriptdir}/update-template-fedora.sh"
+	# shellcheck source=./update-template-opensuse.sh
+	. "${scriptdir}/update-template-opensuse.sh"
 else
 	# this script is sourced
 	return 0