diff --git a/.ci/scripts/calculate_jobs.py b/.ci/scripts/calculate_jobs.py
index c53d4d5ff128..b48174bea2dc 100755
--- a/.ci/scripts/calculate_jobs.py
+++ b/.ci/scripts/calculate_jobs.py
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ def set_output(key: str, value: str):
     {
         "python-version": "3.7",
         "database": "postgres",
-        "postgres-version": "10",
+        "postgres-version": "11",
         "extras": "all",
     }
 ]
diff --git a/.github/workflows/tests.yml b/.github/workflows/tests.yml
index fea33abd12b4..2bc237a0ba6f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/tests.yml
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         include:
           - python-version: "3.7"
-            postgres-version: "10"
+            postgres-version: "11"
 
           - python-version: "3.11"
             postgres-version: "14"
diff --git a/changelog.d/14392.removal b/changelog.d/14392.removal
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e96b3de2bd87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/14392.removal
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Remove support for PostgreSQL 10.
diff --git a/docs/upgrade.md b/docs/upgrade.md
index 41b06cc25347..2aa353e4962d 100644
--- a/docs/upgrade.md
+++ b/docs/upgrade.md
@@ -88,6 +88,16 @@ process, for example:
     dpkg -i matrix-synapse-py3_1.3.0+stretch1_amd64.deb
     ```
 
+# Upgrading to v1.72.0
+
+## Dropping support for PostgreSQL 10
+
+In line with our [deprecation policy](deprecation_policy.md), we've dropped
+support for PostgreSQL 10, as it is no longer supported upstream.
+
+This release of Synapse requires PostgreSQL 11+.
+
+
 # Upgrading to v1.71.0
 
 ## Removal of the `generate_short_term_login_token` module API method
diff --git a/synapse/storage/engines/postgres.py b/synapse/storage/engines/postgres.py
index 9bf74bbf5920..0c4fd889147b 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/engines/postgres.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/engines/postgres.py
@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ def check_database(
         allow_unsafe_locale = self.config.get("allow_unsafe_locale", False)
 
         # Are we on a supported PostgreSQL version?
-        if not allow_outdated_version and self._version < 100000:
-            raise RuntimeError("Synapse requires PostgreSQL 10 or above.")
+        if not allow_outdated_version and self._version < 110000:
+            raise RuntimeError("Synapse requires PostgreSQL 11 or above.")
 
         with db_conn.cursor() as txn:
             txn.execute("SHOW SERVER_ENCODING")