diff --git a/src/ApiService/ApiService/OneFuzzTypes/Enums.cs b/src/ApiService/ApiService/OneFuzzTypes/Enums.cs
index 1f5868caa2..389c0eddc0 100644
--- a/src/ApiService/ApiService/OneFuzzTypes/Enums.cs
+++ b/src/ApiService/ApiService/OneFuzzTypes/Enums.cs
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ public static class ScalesetStateHelper {
 
 public static class VmStateHelper {
 
-    private static readonly IReadOnlySet<VmState> _needsWork = new HashSet<VmState> { VmState.Init, VmState.Init, VmState.ExtensionsLaunch, VmState.Stopping };
+    private static readonly IReadOnlySet<VmState> _needsWork = new HashSet<VmState> { VmState.Init, VmState.ExtensionsLaunch, VmState.Stopping };
     private static readonly IReadOnlySet<VmState> _available = new HashSet<VmState> { VmState.Init, VmState.ExtensionsLaunch, VmState.ExtensionsFailed, VmState.VmAllocationFailed, VmState.Running, };
 
     public static IReadOnlySet<VmState> NeedsWork => _needsWork;
diff --git a/src/ApiService/ApiService/OneFuzzTypes/Model.cs b/src/ApiService/ApiService/OneFuzzTypes/Model.cs
index 01d055db30..d3d40b8f37 100644
--- a/src/ApiService/ApiService/OneFuzzTypes/Model.cs
+++ b/src/ApiService/ApiService/OneFuzzTypes/Model.cs
@@ -147,7 +147,12 @@ public record Proxy
     bool Outdated
 ) : StatefulEntityBase<VmState>(State);
 
-public record Error(ErrorCode Code, string[]? Errors = null);
+public record Error(ErrorCode Code, string[]? Errors = null) {
+    public sealed override string ToString() {
+        var errorsString = Errors != null ? string.Join("", Errors) : string.Empty;
+        return $"Error {{ Code = {Code}, Errors = {errorsString} }}";
+    }
+};
 
 public record UserInfo(Guid? ApplicationId, Guid? ObjectId, String? Upn);
 
@@ -413,7 +418,7 @@ NotificationTemplate Config
 public record BlobRef(
     string Account,
     Container container,
-    string name
+    string Name
 );
 
 public record Report(
@@ -436,7 +441,7 @@ public record Report(
     string? MinimizedStackFunctionNamesSha256,
     List<string>? MinimizedStackFunctionLines,
     string? MinimizedStackFunctionLinesSha256
-);
+) : IReport;
 
 public record NoReproReport(
     string InputSha,
@@ -444,7 +449,7 @@ public record NoReproReport(
     string? Executable,
     Guid TaskId,
     Guid JobId,
-    int Tries,
+    long Tries,
     string? Error
 );
 
@@ -456,7 +461,7 @@ public record CrashTestResult(
 public record RegressionReport(
     CrashTestResult CrashTestResult,
     CrashTestResult? OriginalCrashTestResult
-);
+) : IReport;
 
 public record NotificationTemplate(
     AdoTemplate? AdoTemplate,
@@ -471,8 +476,7 @@ public record TeamsTemplate();
 public record GithubIssuesTemplate();
 
 public record Repro(
-    [PartitionKey] Guid VmId,
-    [RowKey] Guid _,
+    [PartitionKey][RowKey] Guid VmId,
     Guid TaskId,
     ReproConfig Config,
     VmState State,
diff --git a/src/ApiService/ApiService/onefuzzlib/Creds.cs b/src/ApiService/ApiService/onefuzzlib/Creds.cs
index bb99642ffd..5a898b729c 100644
--- a/src/ApiService/ApiService/onefuzzlib/Creds.cs
+++ b/src/ApiService/ApiService/onefuzzlib/Creds.cs
@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ public interface ICreds {
     public Uri GetInstanceUrl();
     public Async.Task<Guid> GetScalesetPrincipalId();
     public Async.Task<T> QueryMicrosoftGraph<T>(HttpMethod method, string resource);
+
+    public GenericResource ParseResourceId(string resourceId);
+
+    public Async.Task<GenericResource> GetData(GenericResource resource);
 }
 
 public class Creds : ICreds {
@@ -145,6 +149,17 @@ public async Task<T> QueryMicrosoftGraph<T>(HttpMethod method, string resource)
             throw new GraphQueryException($"request did not succeed: HTTP {response.StatusCode} - {errorText}");
         }
     }
+
+    public GenericResource ParseResourceId(string resourceId) {
+        return ArmClient.GetGenericResource(new ResourceIdentifier(resourceId));
+    }
+
+    public async Async.Task<GenericResource> GetData(GenericResource resource) {
+        if (!resource.HasData) {
+            return await resource.GetAsync();
+        }
+        return resource;
+    }
 }
 
 class GraphQueryException : Exception {
diff --git a/src/ApiService/ApiService/onefuzzlib/NotificationOperations.cs b/src/ApiService/ApiService/onefuzzlib/NotificationOperations.cs
index 5f205fac6a..60b5328cd8 100644
--- a/src/ApiService/ApiService/onefuzzlib/NotificationOperations.cs
+++ b/src/ApiService/ApiService/onefuzzlib/NotificationOperations.cs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ public NotificationOperations(ILogTracer log, IOnefuzzContext context)
     public async Async.Task NewFiles(Container container, string filename, bool failTaskOnTransientError) {
         var notifications = GetNotifications(container);
         var hasNotifications = await notifications.AnyAsync();
-        var report = await _context.Reports.GetReportOrRegression(container, filename, expectReports: hasNotifications);
+        var reportOrRegression = await _context.Reports.GetReportOrRegression(container, filename, expectReports: hasNotifications);
 
         if (!hasNotifications) {
             return;
@@ -34,19 +34,19 @@ public async Async.Task NewFiles(Container container, string filename, bool fail
             done.Add(notification.Config);
 
             if (notification.Config.TeamsTemplate != null) {
-                NotifyTeams(notification.Config.TeamsTemplate, container, filename, report);
+                NotifyTeams(notification.Config.TeamsTemplate, container, filename, reportOrRegression!);
             }
 
-            if (report == null) {
+            if (reportOrRegression == null) {
                 continue;
             }
 
             if (notification.Config.AdoTemplate != null) {
-                NotifyAdo(notification.Config.AdoTemplate, container, filename, report, failTaskOnTransientError);
+                NotifyAdo(notification.Config.AdoTemplate, container, filename, reportOrRegression, failTaskOnTransientError);
             }
 
             if (notification.Config.GithubIssuesTemplate != null) {
-                GithubIssue(notification.Config.GithubIssuesTemplate, container, filename, report);
+                GithubIssue(notification.Config.GithubIssuesTemplate, container, filename, reportOrRegression);
             }
         }
 
@@ -58,15 +58,17 @@ public async Async.Task NewFiles(Container container, string filename, bool fail
             }
         }
 
-        if (report?.Report != null) {
-            var reportTask = await _context.TaskOperations.GetByJobIdAndTaskId(report.Report.JobId, report.Report.TaskId);
+        if (reportOrRegression is Report) {
+            var report = (reportOrRegression as Report)!;
+            var reportTask = await _context.TaskOperations.GetByJobIdAndTaskId(report.JobId, report.TaskId);
 
-            var crashReportedEvent = new EventCrashReported(report.Report, container, filename, reportTask?.Config);
+            var crashReportedEvent = new EventCrashReported(report, container, filename, reportTask?.Config);
             await _context.Events.SendEvent(crashReportedEvent);
-        } else if (report?.RegressionReport != null) {
-            var reportTask = await GetRegressionReportTask(report.RegressionReport);
+        } else if (reportOrRegression is RegressionReport) {
+            var regressionReport = (reportOrRegression as RegressionReport)!;
+            var reportTask = await GetRegressionReportTask(regressionReport);
 
-            var regressionEvent = new EventRegressionReported(report.RegressionReport, container, filename, reportTask?.Config);
+            var regressionEvent = new EventRegressionReported(regressionReport, container, filename, reportTask?.Config);
             await _context.Events.SendEvent(regressionEvent);
         } else {
             await _context.Events.SendEvent(new EventFileAdded(container, filename));
@@ -96,15 +98,15 @@ public IAsyncEnumerable<Notification> GetNotifications(Container container) {
         return null;
     }
 
-    private void GithubIssue(GithubIssuesTemplate config, Container container, string filename, RegressionReportOrReport? report) {
+    private void GithubIssue(GithubIssuesTemplate config, Container container, string filename, IReport report) {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    private void NotifyAdo(AdoTemplate config, Container container, string filename, RegressionReportOrReport report, bool failTaskOnTransientError) {
+    private void NotifyAdo(AdoTemplate config, Container container, string filename, IReport report, bool failTaskOnTransientError) {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    private void NotifyTeams(TeamsTemplate config, Container container, string filename, RegressionReportOrReport? report) {
+    private void NotifyTeams(TeamsTemplate config, Container container, string filename, IReport report) {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/ApiService/ApiService/onefuzzlib/Reports.cs b/src/ApiService/ApiService/onefuzzlib/Reports.cs
index 42fda88b61..917ed3979c 100644
--- a/src/ApiService/ApiService/onefuzzlib/Reports.cs
+++ b/src/ApiService/ApiService/onefuzzlib/Reports.cs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 namespace Microsoft.OneFuzz.Service;
 
 public interface IReports {
-    public Async.Task<RegressionReportOrReport?> GetReportOrRegression(Container container, string fileName, bool expectReports = false, params string[] args);
+    public Async.Task<IReport?> GetReportOrRegression(Container container, string fileName, bool expectReports = false, params string[] args);
 }
 
 public class Reports : IReports {
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ public Reports(ILogTracer log, IContainers containers) {
         _containers = containers;
     }
 
-    public async Async.Task<RegressionReportOrReport?> GetReportOrRegression(Container container, string fileName, bool expectReports = false, params string[] args) {
+    public async Async.Task<IReport?> GetReportOrRegression(Container container, string fileName, bool expectReports = false, params string[] args) {
         var filePath = String.Join("/", new[] { container.ContainerName, fileName });
         if (!fileName.EndsWith(".json", StringComparison.Ordinal)) {
             if (expectReports) {
@@ -36,26 +36,20 @@ public Reports(ILogTracer log, IContainers containers) {
         return ParseReportOrRegression(blob.ToString(), filePath, expectReports);
     }
 
-    private RegressionReportOrReport? ParseReportOrRegression(string content, string? filePath, bool expectReports = false) {
-        try {
-            return new RegressionReportOrReport {
-                RegressionReport = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<RegressionReport>(content, EntityConverter.GetJsonSerializerOptions())
-            };
-        } catch (JsonException e) {
-            try {
-                return new RegressionReportOrReport {
-                    Report = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<Report>(content, EntityConverter.GetJsonSerializerOptions())
-                };
-            } catch (JsonException e2) {
-                if (expectReports) {
-                    _log.Error($"unable to parse report ({filePath}) as a report or regression. regression error: {e.Message} report error: {e2.Message}");
-                }
+    private IReport? ParseReportOrRegression(string content, string? filePath, bool expectReports = false) {
+        var regressionReport = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<RegressionReport>(content, EntityConverter.GetJsonSerializerOptions());
+        if (regressionReport == null || regressionReport.CrashTestResult == null) {
+            var report = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<Report>(content, EntityConverter.GetJsonSerializerOptions());
+            if (expectReports && report == null) {
+                _log.Error($"unable to parse report ({filePath}) as a report or regression");
                 return null;
             }
+            return report;
         }
+        return regressionReport;
     }
 
-    private RegressionReportOrReport? ParseReportOrRegression(IEnumerable<byte> content, string? filePath, bool expectReports = false) {
+    private IReport? ParseReportOrRegression(IEnumerable<byte> content, string? filePath, bool expectReports = false) {
         try {
             var str = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(content.ToArray());
             return ParseReportOrRegression(str, filePath, expectReports);
@@ -68,7 +62,4 @@ public Reports(ILogTracer log, IContainers containers) {
     }
 }
 
-public class RegressionReportOrReport {
-    public RegressionReport? RegressionReport { get; set; }
-    public Report? Report { get; set; }
-}
+public interface IReport { };
diff --git a/src/ApiService/IntegrationTests/Fakes/TestCreds.cs b/src/ApiService/IntegrationTests/Fakes/TestCreds.cs
index 4e5a137d62..90293b1588 100644
--- a/src/ApiService/IntegrationTests/Fakes/TestCreds.cs
+++ b/src/ApiService/IntegrationTests/Fakes/TestCreds.cs
@@ -56,4 +56,12 @@ public Task<Guid> GetScalesetPrincipalId() {
     public Task<T> QueryMicrosoftGraph<T>(HttpMethod method, string resource) {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
+
+    public GenericResource ParseResourceId(string resourceId) {
+        throw new NotImplementedException();
+    }
+
+    public Task<GenericResource> GetData(GenericResource resource) {
+        throw new NotImplementedException();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/ApiService/Tests/OrmModelsTest.cs b/src/ApiService/Tests/OrmModelsTest.cs
index 6420792178..ccf58ddcc2 100644
--- a/src/ApiService/Tests/OrmModelsTest.cs
+++ b/src/ApiService/Tests/OrmModelsTest.cs
@@ -300,6 +300,41 @@ public static Gen<Report> Report() {
             );
         }
 
+        public static Gen<NoReproReport> NoReproReport() {
+            return Arb.Generate<Tuple<string, BlobRef?, string?, Guid, int>>().Select(
+                arg =>
+                    new NoReproReport(
+                        arg.Item1,
+                        arg.Item2,
+                        arg.Item3,
+                        arg.Item4,
+                        arg.Item4,
+                        arg.Item5,
+                        arg.Item3
+                    )
+            );
+        }
+
+        public static Gen<CrashTestResult> CrashTestResult() {
+            return Arb.Generate<Tuple<Report, NoReproReport>>().Select(
+                arg =>
+                    new CrashTestResult(
+                        arg.Item1,
+                        arg.Item2
+                    )
+            );
+        }
+
+        public static Gen<RegressionReport> RegressionReport() {
+            return Arb.Generate<Tuple<CrashTestResult, CrashTestResult?>>().Select(
+                arg =>
+                    new RegressionReport(
+                        arg.Item1,
+                        arg.Item2
+                    )
+            );
+        }
+
         public static Gen<Container> Container() {
             return Arb.Generate<Tuple<NonNull<string>>>().Select(
                 arg => new Container(string.Join("", arg.Item1.Get.Where(c => char.IsLetterOrDigit(c) || c == '-'))!)
@@ -801,7 +836,7 @@ public bool NotificationTemplate(NotificationTemplate e) {
 
 
         [Property]
-        public bool RegressionReportOrReport(RegressionReportOrReport e) {
+        public bool RegressionReport(RegressionReport e) {
             return Test(e);
         }
 
diff --git a/src/ApiService/Tests/TimerReproTests.cs b/src/ApiService/Tests/TimerReproTests.cs
index 40aea780ae..3bead39c3c 100644
--- a/src/ApiService/Tests/TimerReproTests.cs
+++ b/src/ApiService/Tests/TimerReproTests.cs
@@ -99,7 +99,6 @@ private static Repro GenerateRepro() {
         return new Repro(
             Guid.NewGuid(),
             Guid.Empty,
-            Guid.Empty,
             new ReproConfig(
                 new Container(String.Empty),
                 String.Empty,