diff --git a/src/index.ml b/src/index.ml
index 6dde17a4..37a5f7d0 100644
--- a/src/index.ml
+++ b/src/index.ml
@@ -310,12 +310,14 @@ struct
           Log_file.close log;
           (* check that file is on disk, reopen and reload everything. *)
           hook `Reload_log_async;
+          Lru.clear t.lru;
           t.log_async <- try_load_log t (Layout.log_async ~root:t.root)
           (* else if the disk offset is greater, reload the newest data. *))
-        else if old_offset < h.offset then
+        else if old_offset < h.offset then (
+          Lru.clear t.lru;
           Log_file.sync_entries ~min:old_offset log
           (* else if the offset is lesser, that means the [log_async] was
-             cleared, and the generation should have changed. *)
+             cleared, and the generation should have changed. *))
         else if old_offset > h.offset then (
           (* Should never occur, but we can recover by reloading the log from
              scratch rather than just hard failing. *)
@@ -397,6 +399,7 @@ struct
           Log.debug (fun l ->
               l "[%s] new entries detected, reading log from disk"
                 (Filename.basename t.root));
+          Lru.clear t.lru;
           Log_file.sync_entries ~min:log_offset log)
         else
           (* Here the disk offset should be equal to the known one. A smaller
diff --git a/test/issues/dune b/test/issues/dune
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c1263ffe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/issues/dune
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+(test (name issue398) (modules issue398) (libraries index index.unix))
diff --git a/test/issues/issue398.ml b/test/issues/issue398.ml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4e5b2d6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/issues/issue398.ml
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+(* See https://github.com/mirage/index/issues/398 *)
+
+module L = struct
+  let length = 4
+end
+
+module I =
+  Index_unix.Make
+    (Index.Key.String_fixed (L)) (Index.Value.String_fixed (L))
+    (Index.Cache.Noop)
+
+let () =
+  let path = "issue398.index" in
+  let t = I.v path ~log_size:16384 in
+  let ro = I.v path ~readonly:true ~log_size:16384 in
+  I.replace t "1234" "aaaa";
+  I.flush t;
+  I.sync ro;
+  assert (I.find ro "1234" = "aaaa");
+  I.replace t "1234" "aaab";
+  I.flush t;
+  I.sync ro;
+  assert (I.find ro "1234" = "aaab")