diff --git a/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/ButtonGroup.js b/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/ButtonGroup.js
index c9d548175044aa..da933aa31579e2 100644
--- a/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/ButtonGroup.js
+++ b/packages/mui-material/src/ButtonGroup/ButtonGroup.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import PropTypes from 'prop-types';
 import clsx from 'clsx';
 import { unstable_composeClasses as composeClasses } from '@mui/base/composeClasses';
 import { alpha } from '@mui/system';
+import { getValidReactChildren } from '@mui/utils';
 import capitalize from '../utils/capitalize';
 import styled from '../styles/styled';
 import useThemeProps from '../styles/useThemeProps';
@@ -256,9 +257,12 @@ const ButtonGroup = React.forwardRef(function ButtonGroup(inProps, ref) {
     ],
   );
 
-  const getButtonPositionClassName = (index, childrenParam) => {
+  const validChildren = getValidReactChildren(children);
+  const childrenCount = validChildren.length;
+
+  const getButtonPositionClassName = (index) => {
     const isFirstButton = index === 0;
-    const isLastButton = index === React.Children.count(childrenParam) - 1;
+    const isLastButton = index === childrenCount - 1;
 
     if (isFirstButton && isLastButton) {
       return '';
@@ -282,13 +286,12 @@ const ButtonGroup = React.forwardRef(function ButtonGroup(inProps, ref) {
       {...other}
     >
       <ButtonGroupContext.Provider value={context}>
-        {React.Children.map(children, (child, index) => {
-          if (!React.isValidElement(child)) {
-            return child;
-          }
-
+        {validChildren.map((child, index) => {
           return (
-            <ButtonGroupButtonContext.Provider value={getButtonPositionClassName(index, children)}>
+            <ButtonGroupButtonContext.Provider
+              key={index}
+              value={getButtonPositionClassName(index)}
+            >
               {child}
             </ButtonGroupButtonContext.Provider>
           );
diff --git a/packages/mui-utils/src/getValidReactChildren.ts b/packages/mui-utils/src/getValidReactChildren.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..6a2d5912347563
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/mui-utils/src/getValidReactChildren.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import * as React from 'react';
+
+/**
+ * Gets only the valid children of a component,
+ * and ignores any nullish or falsy child.
+ *
+ * @param children the children
+ */
+export default function getValidReactChildren(children: React.ReactNode) {
+  return React.Children.toArray(children).filter((child) =>
+    React.isValidElement(child),
+  ) as React.ReactElement[];
+}
diff --git a/packages/mui-utils/src/index.ts b/packages/mui-utils/src/index.ts
index 1ad27fb44d5f21..8968bcc49f694a 100644
--- a/packages/mui-utils/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/mui-utils/src/index.ts
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ export {
   getNormalizedScrollLeft as unstable_getNormalizedScrollLeft,
 } from './scrollLeft';
 export { default as usePreviousProps } from './usePreviousProps';
+export { default as getValidReactChildren } from './getValidReactChildren';
 export { default as visuallyHidden } from './visuallyHidden';
 export { default as integerPropType } from './integerPropType';
 export { default as internal_resolveProps } from './resolveProps';
diff --git a/test/regressions/fixtures/ButtonGroup/DifferentChildren.js b/test/regressions/fixtures/ButtonGroup/DifferentChildren.js
index 44f107dcc0badd..5f231c6d1058a0 100644
--- a/test/regressions/fixtures/ButtonGroup/DifferentChildren.js
+++ b/test/regressions/fixtures/ButtonGroup/DifferentChildren.js
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import Stack from '@mui/material/Stack';
 import Tooltip from '@mui/material/Tooltip';
 
 export default function DifferentChildren() {
+  const falsyCondition = 1 === 2;
+
   return (
     <Stack spacing={2}>
       {/* It has one button with href which is rendered as anchor tag */}
@@ -35,6 +37,13 @@ export default function DifferentChildren() {
       <ButtonGroup>
         <Button>Single Button</Button>
       </ButtonGroup>
+
+      {/* Conditional elements */}
+      <ButtonGroup>
+        <Button>One</Button>
+        <Button>Two</Button>
+        {falsyCondition ? <Button>Three</Button> : undefined}
+      </ButtonGroup>
     </Stack>
   );
 }