diff --git a/doc/api/errors.md b/doc/api/errors.md
index f638f0ba905db6..902f5f5c8ea93a 100644
--- a/doc/api/errors.md
+++ b/doc/api/errors.md
@@ -1585,6 +1585,13 @@ compiled with ICU support.
 
 A given value is out of the accepted range.
 
+<a id="ERR_PATH_NOT_EXPORTED"></a>
+### ERR_PATH_NOT_EXPORTED
+
+> Stability: 1 - Experimental
+
+An attempt was made to load a protected path from a package using `exports`.
+
 <a id="ERR_REQUIRE_ESM"></a>
 ### ERR_REQUIRE_ESM
 
diff --git a/doc/api/modules.md b/doc/api/modules.md
index 73771f49af6639..abac7eaf91d854 100644
--- a/doc/api/modules.md
+++ b/doc/api/modules.md
@@ -202,6 +202,39 @@ NODE_MODULES_PATHS(START)
 5. return DIRS
 ```
 
+If `--experimental-exports` is enabled,
+node allows packages loaded via `LOAD_NODE_MODULES` to explicitly declare
+which filepaths to expose and how they should be interpreted.
+This expands on the control packages already had using the `main` field.
+With this feature enabled, the `LOAD_NODE_MODULES` changes as follows:
+
+```txt
+LOAD_NODE_MODULES(X, START)
+1. let DIRS = NODE_MODULES_PATHS(START)
+2. for each DIR in DIRS:
+   a. let FILE_PATH = RESOLVE_BARE_SPECIFIER(DIR, X)
+   a. LOAD_AS_FILE(FILE_PATH)
+   b. LOAD_AS_DIRECTORY(FILE_PATH)
+
+RESOLVE_BARE_SPECIFIER(DIR, X)
+1. Try to interpret X as a combination of name and subpath where the name
+   may have a @scope/ prefix and the subpath begins with a slash (`/`).
+2. If X matches this pattern and DIR/name/package.json is a file:
+   a. Parse DIR/name/package.json, and look for "exports" field.
+   b. If "exports" is null or undefined, GOTO 3.
+   c. Find the longest key in "exports" that the subpath starts with.
+   d. If no such key can be found, throw "not exported".
+   e. If the key matches the subpath entirely, return DIR/name/${exports[key]}.
+   f. If either the key or exports[key] do not end with a slash (`/`),
+      throw "not exported".
+   g. Return DIR/name/${exports[key]}${subpath.slice(key.length)}.
+3. return DIR/X
+```
+
+`"exports"` is only honored when loading a package "name" as defined above. Any
+`"exports"` values within nested directories and packages must be declared by
+the `package.json` responsible for the "name".
+
 ## Caching
 
 <!--type=misc-->
diff --git a/lib/internal/errors.js b/lib/internal/errors.js
index c36f34eff40cab..64e5a2773b9aaf 100644
--- a/lib/internal/errors.js
+++ b/lib/internal/errors.js
@@ -1098,6 +1098,8 @@ E('ERR_OUT_OF_RANGE',
     msg += ` It must be ${range}. Received ${received}`;
     return msg;
   }, RangeError);
+E('ERR_PATH_NOT_EXPORTED',
+  'Package exports for \'%s\' do not define a \'%s\' subpath', Error);
 E('ERR_REQUIRE_ESM', 'Must use import to load ES Module: %s', Error);
 E('ERR_SCRIPT_EXECUTION_INTERRUPTED',
   'Script execution was interrupted by `SIGINT`', Error);
diff --git a/lib/internal/modules/cjs/loader.js b/lib/internal/modules/cjs/loader.js
index 199405b0e24457..c769ce535a8338 100644
--- a/lib/internal/modules/cjs/loader.js
+++ b/lib/internal/modules/cjs/loader.js
@@ -21,7 +21,13 @@
 
 'use strict';
 
-const { JSON, Object, Reflect } = primordials;
+const {
+  JSON,
+  Object,
+  Reflect,
+  SafeMap,
+  StringPrototype,
+} = primordials;
 
 const { NativeModule } = require('internal/bootstrap/loaders');
 const { pathToFileURL, fileURLToPath, URL } = require('internal/url');
@@ -53,10 +59,12 @@ const { compileFunction } = internalBinding('contextify');
 const {
   ERR_INVALID_ARG_VALUE,
   ERR_INVALID_OPT_VALUE,
+  ERR_PATH_NOT_EXPORTED,
   ERR_REQUIRE_ESM
 } = require('internal/errors').codes;
 const { validateString } = require('internal/validators');
 const pendingDeprecation = getOptionValue('--pending-deprecation');
+const experimentalExports = getOptionValue('--experimental-exports');
 
 module.exports = { wrapSafe, Module };
 
@@ -182,12 +190,10 @@ Module._debug = deprecate(debug, 'Module._debug is deprecated.', 'DEP0077');
 
 // Check if the directory is a package.json dir.
 const packageMainCache = Object.create(null);
+// Explicit exports from package.json files
+const packageExportsCache = new SafeMap();
 
-function readPackage(requestPath) {
-  const entry = packageMainCache[requestPath];
-  if (entry)
-    return entry;
-
+function readPackageRaw(requestPath) {
   const jsonPath = path.resolve(requestPath, 'package.json');
   const json = internalModuleReadJSON(path.toNamespacedPath(jsonPath));
 
@@ -201,7 +207,12 @@ function readPackage(requestPath) {
   }
 
   try {
-    return packageMainCache[requestPath] = JSON.parse(json).main;
+    const parsed = JSON.parse(json);
+    packageMainCache[requestPath] = parsed.main;
+    if (experimentalExports) {
+      packageExportsCache.set(requestPath, parsed.exports);
+    }
+    return parsed;
   } catch (e) {
     e.path = jsonPath;
     e.message = 'Error parsing ' + jsonPath + ': ' + e.message;
@@ -209,6 +220,31 @@ function readPackage(requestPath) {
   }
 }
 
+function readPackage(requestPath) {
+  const entry = packageMainCache[requestPath];
+  if (entry)
+    return entry;
+
+  const pkg = readPackageRaw(requestPath);
+  if (pkg === false) return false;
+
+  return pkg.main;
+}
+
+function readExports(requestPath) {
+  if (packageExportsCache.has(requestPath)) {
+    return packageExportsCache.get(requestPath);
+  }
+
+  const pkg = readPackageRaw(requestPath);
+  if (!pkg) {
+    packageExportsCache.set(requestPath, null);
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  return pkg.exports;
+}
+
 function tryPackage(requestPath, exts, isMain, originalPath) {
   const pkg = readPackage(requestPath);
 
@@ -297,8 +333,59 @@ function findLongestRegisteredExtension(filename) {
   return '.js';
 }
 
+// This only applies to requests of a specific form:
+// 1. name/.*
+// 2. @scope/name/.*
+const EXPORTS_PATTERN = /^((?:@[^./@\\][^/@\\]*\/)?[^@./\\][^/\\]*)(\/.*)$/;
+function resolveExports(nmPath, request, absoluteRequest) {
+  // The implementation's behavior is meant to mirror resolution in ESM.
+  if (experimentalExports && !absoluteRequest) {
+    const [, name, expansion] =
+      StringPrototype.match(request, EXPORTS_PATTERN) || [];
+    if (!name) {
+      return path.resolve(nmPath, request);
+    }
+
+    const basePath = path.resolve(nmPath, name);
+    const pkgExports = readExports(basePath);
+
+    if (pkgExports != null) {
+      const mappingKey = `.${expansion}`;
+      const mapping = pkgExports[mappingKey];
+      if (typeof mapping === 'string') {
+        return fileURLToPath(new URL(mapping, `${pathToFileURL(basePath)}/`));
+      }
+
+      let dirMatch = '';
+      for (const [candidateKey, candidateValue] of Object.entries(pkgExports)) {
+        if (candidateKey[candidateKey.length - 1] !== '/') continue;
+        if (candidateValue[candidateValue.length - 1] !== '/') continue;
+        if (candidateKey.length > dirMatch.length &&
+            StringPrototype.startsWith(mappingKey, candidateKey)) {
+          dirMatch = candidateKey;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (dirMatch !== '') {
+        const dirMapping = pkgExports[dirMatch];
+        const remainder = StringPrototype.slice(mappingKey, dirMatch.length);
+        const expectedPrefix =
+          new URL(dirMapping, `${pathToFileURL(basePath)}/`);
+        const resolved = new URL(remainder, expectedPrefix).href;
+        if (StringPrototype.startsWith(resolved, expectedPrefix.href)) {
+          return fileURLToPath(resolved);
+        }
+      }
+      throw new ERR_PATH_NOT_EXPORTED(basePath, mappingKey);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return path.resolve(nmPath, request);
+}
+
 Module._findPath = function(request, paths, isMain) {
-  if (path.isAbsolute(request)) {
+  const absoluteRequest = path.isAbsolute(request);
+  if (absoluteRequest) {
     paths = [''];
   } else if (!paths || paths.length === 0) {
     return false;
@@ -322,7 +409,7 @@ Module._findPath = function(request, paths, isMain) {
     // Don't search further if path doesn't exist
     const curPath = paths[i];
     if (curPath && stat(curPath) < 1) continue;
-    var basePath = path.resolve(curPath, request);
+    var basePath = resolveExports(curPath, request, absoluteRequest);
     var filename;
 
     var rc = stat(basePath);
diff --git a/src/module_wrap.cc b/src/module_wrap.cc
index c13ab3b5ed21ae..503ca8a858e2b9 100644
--- a/src/module_wrap.cc
+++ b/src/module_wrap.cc
@@ -856,7 +856,7 @@ Maybe<URL> PackageExportsResolve(Environment* env,
   std::string msg = "Package exports for '" +
       URL(".", pjson_url).ToFilePath() + "' do not define a '" + pkg_subpath +
       "' subpath, imported from " + base.ToFilePath();
-  node::THROW_ERR_MODULE_NOT_FOUND(env, msg.c_str());
+  node::THROW_ERR_PATH_NOT_EXPORTED(env, msg.c_str());
   return Nothing<URL>();
 }
 
diff --git a/src/node_errors.h b/src/node_errors.h
index 939f93a4899f59..c2587d73e67df4 100644
--- a/src/node_errors.h
+++ b/src/node_errors.h
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ void PrintErrorString(const char* format, ...);
   V(ERR_MISSING_PLATFORM_FOR_WORKER, Error)                                  \
   V(ERR_MODULE_NOT_FOUND, Error)                                             \
   V(ERR_OUT_OF_RANGE, RangeError)                                            \
+  V(ERR_PATH_NOT_EXPORTED, Error)                                            \
   V(ERR_SCRIPT_EXECUTION_INTERRUPTED, Error)                                 \
   V(ERR_SCRIPT_EXECUTION_TIMEOUT, Error)                                     \
   V(ERR_STRING_TOO_LONG, Error)                                              \
diff --git a/src/node_file.cc b/src/node_file.cc
index 564c63bad73b23..e11aa9054640a9 100644
--- a/src/node_file.cc
+++ b/src/node_file.cc
@@ -872,7 +872,9 @@ static void InternalModuleReadJSON(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& args) {
   }
 
   const size_t size = offset - start;
-  if (size == 0 || size == SearchString(&chars[start], size, "\"main\"")) {
+  if (size == 0 || (
+    size == SearchString(&chars[start], size, "\"main\"") &&
+    size == SearchString(&chars[start], size, "\"exports\""))) {
     return;
   } else {
     Local<String> chars_string =
diff --git a/src/node_options.cc b/src/node_options.cc
index 9da1ed5fb81d67..eaa3e7d049b44b 100644
--- a/src/node_options.cc
+++ b/src/node_options.cc
@@ -319,6 +319,7 @@ EnvironmentOptionsParser::EnvironmentOptionsParser() {
             "experimental ES Module support and caching modules",
             &EnvironmentOptions::experimental_modules,
             kAllowedInEnvironment);
+  Implies("--experimental-modules", "--experimental-exports");
   AddOption("--experimental-wasm-modules",
             "experimental ES Module support for webassembly modules",
             &EnvironmentOptions::experimental_wasm_modules,
diff --git a/test/es-module/test-esm-exports.mjs b/test/es-module/test-esm-exports.mjs
index 88115026654726..38cd81511fe8ef 100644
--- a/test/es-module/test-esm-exports.mjs
+++ b/test/es-module/test-esm-exports.mjs
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-// Flags: --experimental-modules --experimental-exports
+// Flags: --experimental-modules
 
 import { mustCall } from '../common/index.mjs';
 import { ok, strictEqual } from 'assert';
 
-import { asdf, asdf2 } from '../fixtures/pkgexports.mjs';
+import { asdf, asdf2, space } from '../fixtures/pkgexports.mjs';
 import {
   loadMissing,
   loadFromNumber,
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
 
 strictEqual(asdf, 'asdf');
 strictEqual(asdf2, 'asdf');
+strictEqual(space, 'encoded path');
 
 loadMissing().catch(mustCall((err) => {
   ok(err.message.toString().startsWith('Package exports'));
diff --git a/test/fixtures/node_modules/pkgexports/package.json b/test/fixtures/node_modules/pkgexports/package.json
index 51c596ed8673ab..b0c8867bb46fd1 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/node_modules/pkgexports/package.json
+++ b/test/fixtures/node_modules/pkgexports/package.json
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 {
   "exports": {
     ".": "./asdf.js",
+    "./space": "./sp%20ce.js",
     "./asdf": "./asdf.js",
+    "./valid-cjs": "./asdf.js",
     "./sub/": "./"
   }
 }
diff --git a/test/fixtures/node_modules/pkgexports/sp ce.js b/test/fixtures/node_modules/pkgexports/sp ce.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..570237506e4586
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/node_modules/pkgexports/sp ce.js	
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = 'encoded path';
diff --git a/test/fixtures/pkgexports.mjs b/test/fixtures/pkgexports.mjs
index 4d82ba0560ef11..8907ebcb0e253a 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/pkgexports.mjs
+++ b/test/fixtures/pkgexports.mjs
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 export { default as asdf } from 'pkgexports/asdf';
 export { default as asdf2 } from 'pkgexports/sub/asdf.js';
+export { default as space } from 'pkgexports/space';
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-module-package-exports.js b/test/parallel/test-module-package-exports.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..a1b9879448c17b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-module-package-exports.js
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// Flags: --experimental-exports
+'use strict';
+
+require('../common');
+
+const assert = require('assert');
+const { createRequire } = require('module');
+const path = require('path');
+
+const fixtureRequire =
+  createRequire(path.resolve(__dirname, '../fixtures/imaginary.js'));
+
+assert.strictEqual(fixtureRequire('pkgexports/valid-cjs'), 'asdf');
+
+assert.strictEqual(fixtureRequire('baz/index'), 'eye catcher');
+
+assert.strictEqual(fixtureRequire('pkgexports/sub/asdf.js'), 'asdf');
+
+assert.strictEqual(fixtureRequire('pkgexports/space'), 'encoded path');
+
+assert.throws(
+  () => fixtureRequire('pkgexports/not-a-known-entry'),
+  (e) => {
+    assert.strictEqual(e.code, 'ERR_PATH_NOT_EXPORTED');
+    return true;
+  });
+
+assert.throws(
+  () => fixtureRequire('pkgexports-number/hidden.js'),
+  (e) => {
+    assert.strictEqual(e.code, 'ERR_PATH_NOT_EXPORTED');
+    return true;
+  });
+
+assert.throws(
+  () => fixtureRequire('pkgexports/sub/not-a-file.js'),
+  (e) => {
+    assert.strictEqual(e.code, 'MODULE_NOT_FOUND');
+    return true;
+  });
+
+assert.throws(
+  () => fixtureRequire('pkgexports/sub/./../asdf.js'),
+  (e) => {
+    assert.strictEqual(e.code, 'ERR_PATH_NOT_EXPORTED');
+    return true;
+  });