diff --git a/test/parallel/test-cli-syntax.js b/test/parallel/test-cli-syntax.js
index d7781eddffbb42..c94780e6293933 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-cli-syntax.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-cli-syntax.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ const common = require('../common');
 const assert = require('assert');
 const spawnSync = require('child_process').spawnSync;
 const path = require('path');
+const errors = require('../../lib/internal/errors');
 
 const node = process.execPath;
 
@@ -76,7 +77,8 @@ const syntaxArgs = [
     assert.strictEqual(c.stdout, '', 'stdout produced');
 
     // stderr should have a module not found error message
-    const match = c.stderr.match(/^Error: Cannot find module/m);
+    const expectedError = new errors.Error('MODULE_NOT_FOUND', file);
+    const match = c.stderr.match(expectedError.message);
     assert(match, 'stderr incorrect');
 
     assert.strictEqual(c.status, 1, 'code == ' + c.status);
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-internal-modules.js b/test/parallel/test-internal-modules.js
index 2f11ca18dd6b34..014edba89b09a9 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-internal-modules.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-internal-modules.js
@@ -2,10 +2,13 @@
 const common = require('../common');
 const path = require('path');
 const assert = require('assert');
+const errors = require('../../lib/internal/errors');
 
+const internalModuleName = 'internal/freelist';
+const expectedError = new errors.Error('MODULE_NOT_FOUND', internalModuleName);
 assert.throws(function() {
-  require('internal/freelist');
-}, /^Error: Cannot find module 'internal\/freelist'$/);
+  require(internalModuleName);
+}, new RegExp(expectedError.message));
 
 assert.strictEqual(
   require(path.join(common.fixturesDir, 'internal-modules')),
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-repl.js b/test/parallel/test-repl.js
index b6de19856985ed..20eebcad808fdd 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-repl.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-repl.js
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 'use strict';
 const common = require('../common');
 const assert = require('assert');
+const errors = require('../../lib/internal/errors');
 
 common.globalCheck = false;
 common.refreshTmpDir();
@@ -343,8 +344,10 @@ function error_test() {
       expect: 'undefined\n' + prompt_unix },
     // REPL should get a normal require() function, not one that allows
     // access to internal modules without the --expose_internals flag.
-    { client: client_unix, send: 'require("internal/repl")',
-      expect: /^Error: Cannot find module 'internal\/repl'/ },
+    {
+      client: client_unix, send: 'require("internal/repl")',
+      expect: new RegExp(new errors.Error('MODULE_NOT_FOUND', 'internal/repl').message)
+    },
     // REPL should handle quotes within regexp literal in multiline mode
     { client: client_unix,
       send: "function x(s) {\nreturn s.replace(/'/,'');\n}",
diff --git a/test/sequential/test-module-loading.js b/test/sequential/test-module-loading.js
index 1894bc20165b14..bd1714b66feb2b 100644
--- a/test/sequential/test-module-loading.js
+++ b/test/sequential/test-module-loading.js
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ require('../common');
 const assert = require('assert');
 const path = require('path');
 const fs = require('fs');
+const errors = require('../../lib/internal/errors');
 
 console.error('load test-module-loading.js');
 
@@ -120,8 +121,10 @@ console.error('test name clashes');
 const my_path = require('../fixtures/path');
 assert.ok(my_path.path_func instanceof Function);
 // this one does not exist and should throw
-assert.throws(function() { require('./utils'); },
-              /^Error: Cannot find module '.\/utils'$/);
+const notFoundPath = './utils';
+const notFoundError = new errors.Error('MODULE_NOT_FOUND', notFoundPath);
+assert.throws(function() { require(notFoundPath); },
+              new RegExp(notFoundError.message));
 
 let errorThrown = false;
 try {
@@ -224,6 +227,7 @@ const children = module.children.reduce(function red(set, child) {
 
 assert.deepStrictEqual(children, {
   'common.js': {},
+  '../lib/internal/errors.js': {},
   'fixtures/not-main-module.js': {},
   'fixtures/a.js': {
     'fixtures/b/c.js': {