diff --git a/lib/assert.js b/lib/assert.js
index f7a3350db10f1f..1350f0abbbb481 100644
--- a/lib/assert.js
+++ b/lib/assert.js
@@ -271,8 +271,15 @@ function innerDeepEqual(actual, expected, strict, memos) {
       position: 0
     };
   } else {
-    if (memos.actual.has(actual)) {
-      return memos.actual.get(actual) === memos.expected.get(expected);
+    // We prevent up to two map.has(x) calls by directly retrieving the value
+    // and checking for undefined. The map can only contain numbers, so it is
+    // safe to check for undefined only.
+    const expectedMemoA = memos.actual.get(actual);
+    if (expectedMemoA !== undefined) {
+      const expectedMemoB = memos.expected.get(expected);
+      if (expectedMemoB !== undefined) {
+        return expectedMemoA === expectedMemoB;
+      }
     }
     memos.position++;
   }
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-assert-deep.js b/test/parallel/test-assert-deep.js
index 51f07af09e05d0..08b0b80d9d05f7 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-assert-deep.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-assert-deep.js
@@ -159,15 +159,17 @@ assertNotDeepOrStrict(new Set([1, 2, 3, 4]), new Set([1, 2, 3]));
 assertDeepAndStrictEqual(new Set(['1', '2', '3']), new Set(['1', '2', '3']));
 assertDeepAndStrictEqual(new Set([[1, 2], [3, 4]]), new Set([[3, 4], [1, 2]]));
 
-const a = [ 1, 2 ];
-const b = [ 3, 4 ];
-const c = [ 1, 2 ];
-const d = [ 3, 4 ];
-
-assertDeepAndStrictEqual(
-  { a: a, b: b, s: new Set([a, b]) },
-  { a: c, b: d, s: new Set([d, c]) }
-);
+{
+  const a = [ 1, 2 ];
+  const b = [ 3, 4 ];
+  const c = [ 1, 2 ];
+  const d = [ 3, 4 ];
+
+  assertDeepAndStrictEqual(
+    { a: a, b: b, s: new Set([a, b]) },
+    { a: c, b: d, s: new Set([d, c]) }
+  );
+}
 
 assertDeepAndStrictEqual(new Map([[1, 1], [2, 2]]), new Map([[1, 1], [2, 2]]));
 assertDeepAndStrictEqual(new Map([[1, 1], [2, 2]]), new Map([[2, 2], [1, 1]]));
@@ -303,6 +305,66 @@ assertOnlyDeepEqual(
   new Set([undefined])
 );
 
+// GH-6416. Make sure circular refs don't throw.
+{
+  const b = {};
+  b.b = b;
+  const c = {};
+  c.b = c;
+
+  assertDeepAndStrictEqual(b, c);
+
+  const d = {};
+  d.a = 1;
+  d.b = d;
+  const e = {};
+  e.a = 1;
+  e.b = {};
+
+  assertNotDeepOrStrict(d, e);
+}
+
+// GH-14441. Circular structures should be consistent
+{
+  const a = {};
+  const b = {};
+  a.a = a;
+  b.a = {};
+  b.a.a = a;
+  assertDeepAndStrictEqual(a, b);
+}
+
+{
+  const a = new Set();
+  const b = new Set();
+  const c = new Set();
+  a.add(a);
+  b.add(b);
+  c.add(a);
+  assertDeepAndStrictEqual(b, c);
+}
+
+// GH-7178. Ensure reflexivity of deepEqual with `arguments` objects.
+{
+  const args = (function() { return arguments; })();
+  assertNotDeepOrStrict([], args);
+}
+
+// More checking that arguments objects are handled correctly
+{
+  // eslint-disable-next-line func-style
+  const returnArguments = function() { return arguments; };
+
+  const someArgs = returnArguments('a');
+  const sameArgs = returnArguments('a');
+  const diffArgs = returnArguments('b');
+
+  assertNotDeepOrStrict(someArgs, ['a']);
+  assertNotDeepOrStrict(someArgs, { '0': 'a' });
+  assertNotDeepOrStrict(someArgs, diffArgs);
+  assertDeepAndStrictEqual(someArgs, sameArgs);
+}
+
 {
   const values = [
     123,
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-assert.js b/test/parallel/test-assert.js
index 65181996d5ace5..164edc8dc25f2a 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-assert.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-assert.js
@@ -546,62 +546,6 @@ a.throws(makeBlock(thrower, TypeError), function(err) {
   assert.ok(threw);
 }
 
-// https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/6416
-// Make sure circular refs don't throw.
-{
-  const b = {};
-  b.b = b;
-
-  const c = {};
-  c.b = c;
-
-  a.doesNotThrow(makeBlock(a.deepEqual, b, c));
-  a.doesNotThrow(makeBlock(a.deepStrictEqual, b, c));
-
-  const d = {};
-  d.a = 1;
-  d.b = d;
-
-  const e = {};
-  e.a = 1;
-  e.b = e.a;
-
-  a.throws(makeBlock(a.deepEqual, d, e), /AssertionError/);
-  a.throws(makeBlock(a.deepStrictEqual, d, e), /AssertionError/);
-
-  // https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/13314
-  const f = {};
-  f.ref = f;
-
-  const g = {};
-  g.ref = g;
-
-  const h = { ref: g };
-
-  a.throws(makeBlock(a.deepEqual, f, h), /AssertionError/);
-  a.throws(makeBlock(a.deepStrictEqual, f, h), /AssertionError/);
-}
-// GH-7178. Ensure reflexivity of deepEqual with `arguments` objects.
-const args = (function() { return arguments; })();
-a.throws(makeBlock(a.deepEqual, [], args));
-a.throws(makeBlock(a.deepEqual, args, []));
-
-// more checking that arguments objects are handled correctly
-{
-  // eslint-disable-next-line func-style
-  const returnArguments = function() { return arguments; };
-
-  const someArgs = returnArguments('a');
-  const sameArgs = returnArguments('a');
-  const diffArgs = returnArguments('b');
-
-  a.throws(makeBlock(a.deepEqual, someArgs, ['a']));
-  a.throws(makeBlock(a.deepEqual, ['a'], someArgs));
-  a.throws(makeBlock(a.deepEqual, someArgs, { '0': 'a' }));
-  a.throws(makeBlock(a.deepEqual, someArgs, diffArgs));
-  a.doesNotThrow(makeBlock(a.deepEqual, someArgs, sameArgs));
-}
-
 // check messages from assert.throws()
 {
   const noop = () => {};