diff --git a/src/crypto/crypto_sig.cc b/src/crypto/crypto_sig.cc
index 3441d7e7718ad6..fa4ba62f8f94f5 100644
--- a/src/crypto/crypto_sig.cc
+++ b/src/crypto/crypto_sig.cc
@@ -92,12 +92,15 @@ std::unique_ptr<BackingStore> Node_SignFinal(Environment* env,
     sig = ArrayBuffer::NewBackingStore(env->isolate(), sig_len);
   }
   EVPKeyCtxPointer pkctx(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(pkey.get(), nullptr));
-  if (pkctx &&
-      EVP_PKEY_sign_init(pkctx.get()) &&
+  if (pkctx && EVP_PKEY_sign_init(pkctx.get()) > 0 &&
       ApplyRSAOptions(pkey, pkctx.get(), padding, pss_salt_len) &&
-      EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_signature_md(pkctx.get(), EVP_MD_CTX_md(mdctx.get())) &&
-      EVP_PKEY_sign(pkctx.get(), static_cast<unsigned char*>(sig->Data()),
-                    &sig_len, m, m_len)) {
+      EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_signature_md(pkctx.get(), EVP_MD_CTX_md(mdctx.get())) >
+          0 &&
+      EVP_PKEY_sign(pkctx.get(),
+                    static_cast<unsigned char*>(sig->Data()),
+                    &sig_len,
+                    m,
+                    m_len) > 0) {
     CHECK_LE(sig_len, sig->ByteLength());
     if (sig_len == 0) {
       sig = ArrayBuffer::NewBackingStore(env->isolate(), 0);
@@ -527,14 +530,18 @@ SignBase::Error Verify::VerifyFinal(const ManagedEVPPKey& pkey,
     return kSignPublicKey;
 
   EVPKeyCtxPointer pkctx(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(pkey.get(), nullptr));
-  if (pkctx &&
-      EVP_PKEY_verify_init(pkctx.get()) > 0 &&
-      ApplyRSAOptions(pkey, pkctx.get(), padding, saltlen) &&
-      EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_signature_md(pkctx.get(),
-                                    EVP_MD_CTX_md(mdctx.get())) > 0) {
-    const unsigned char* s = sig.data<unsigned char>();
-    const int r = EVP_PKEY_verify(pkctx.get(), s, sig.size(), m, m_len);
-    *verify_result = r == 1;
+  if (pkctx) {
+    const int init_ret = EVP_PKEY_verify_init(pkctx.get());
+    if (init_ret == -2) {
+      return kSignPublicKey;
+    }
+    if (init_ret > 0 && ApplyRSAOptions(pkey, pkctx.get(), padding, saltlen) &&
+        EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_signature_md(pkctx.get(), EVP_MD_CTX_md(mdctx.get())) >
+            0) {
+      const unsigned char* s = sig.data<unsigned char>();
+      const int r = EVP_PKEY_verify(pkctx.get(), s, sig.size(), m, m_len);
+      *verify_result = r == 1;
+    }
   }
 
   return kSignOk;
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/Makefile b/test/fixtures/keys/Makefile
index 313183f6d6e3ed..cea10a6ab3ba15 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/keys/Makefile
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/Makefile
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ all: \
   dh1024.pem \
   dh2048.pem \
   dherror.pem \
+  dh_private.pem \
+  dh_public.pem \
   dsa_params.pem \
   dsa_private.pem \
   dsa_private_encrypted.pem \
@@ -597,6 +599,12 @@ dh2048.pem:
 dherror.pem: dh1024.pem
 	sed 's/^[^-].*/AAAAAAAAAA/g' dh1024.pem > dherror.pem
 
+dh_private.pem:
+	openssl genpkey -algorithm dh -out dh_private.pem -pkeyopt dh_param:ffdhe2048
+
+dh_public.pem: dh_private.pem
+	openssl pkey -in dh_private.pem -pubout -out dh_public.pem
+
 dsa_params.pem:
 	openssl dsaparam -out dsa_params.pem 2048
 
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/dh_private.pem b/test/fixtures/keys/dh_private.pem
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..25c4edc5ea5a3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/dh_private.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
+MIIBPgIBADCCARcGCSqGSIb3DQEDATCCAQgCggEBAP//////////rfhUWKK7Spqv
+3FYgJz088di5xYPOLTaVqeE2QRRkM/vMk53OJJs++X0v42NjDHXY9oGyAq7EYXrT
+3x7V1f1lYSQz9R9fBm7QhWNlVT3tGvO1VxNef1fJNZhPDHDg5ot34qaJ2vPv6HId
+8VihNq3nNTCsyk9IOnl6vAqxgrMk+2HRCKlLssjj+7lq2rdg1/RoHU9Co945TfSu
+Vu3nY3K7GQsHp8juCm1wngL84c334uzANATNKDQvYZFy/pzphYP/jk8SMu7ygYPD
+/jsbTG+tczu1/LwuwiAFxY7xg30Wg7LG80omwbLv+ohrQjhhKFyX//////////8C
+AQIEHgIcKNGyhQRxIhVXoyktdymwbN6MgXv85vPax+8eqQ==
+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/dh_public.pem b/test/fixtures/keys/dh_public.pem
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..b32815e88acc8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/dh_public.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----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+-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-crypto-sign-verify.js b/test/parallel/test-crypto-sign-verify.js
index 56e5c16c2867f0..9dd586a1a1f9a0 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-crypto-sign-verify.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-crypto-sign-verify.js
@@ -793,3 +793,21 @@ assert.throws(
     }, { code: 'ERR_CRYPTO_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION', message: 'Unsupported crypto operation' });
   }
 }
+
+{
+  // Dh, x25519 and x448 should not be used for signing/verifying
+  // https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/53742
+  for (const algo of ['dh', 'x25519', 'x448']) {
+    const privateKey = fixtures.readKey(`${algo}_private.pem`, 'ascii');
+    const publicKey = fixtures.readKey(`${algo}_public.pem`, 'ascii');
+    assert.throws(() => {
+      crypto.createSign('SHA256').update('Test123').sign(privateKey);
+    }, { code: 'ERR_OSSL_EVP_OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED_FOR_THIS_KEYTYPE', message: /operation not supported for this keytype/ });
+    assert.throws(() => {
+      crypto.createVerify('SHA256').update('Test123').verify(privateKey, 'sig');
+    }, { code: 'ERR_OSSL_EVP_OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED_FOR_THIS_KEYTYPE', message: /operation not supported for this keytype/ });
+    assert.throws(() => {
+      crypto.createVerify('SHA256').update('Test123').verify(publicKey, 'sig');
+    }, { code: 'ERR_OSSL_EVP_OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED_FOR_THIS_KEYTYPE', message: /operation not supported for this keytype/ });
+  }
+}