diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/JSON/dmlex.schema.json b/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/JSON/dmlex.schema.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f1233e54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/JSON/dmlex.schema.json
@@ -0,0 +1,946 @@
+{
+  "$id": "http://docs.oasis-open.org/lexidma/ns/dmlex-1.0",
+  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+  "title": "DMLex",
+  "description": "DMLex JSON serialization. This variant of the schema is for documents implementing the Crosslingual Module (and possibly some other modules).",
+  "$comment": "This schema can only establish uniqueness for arrays in which the item is the key, i.e. labels, partsOfSpeech, sameAs, and translationLanguages. Uniqueness of IDs and validity of ID references cannot be checked at all.",
+  "type": "object",
+  "oneOf": [
+    {
+      "$ref": "#/$defs/lexicographicResource"
+    },
+    {
+      "$ref": "#/$defs/entry"
+    }
+  ],
+  "$defs": {
+    "lexicographicResource": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["langCode", "translationLanguages"],
+      "properties": {
+        "title": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "uri": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "format": "uri"
+        },
+        "langCode": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "entries": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/entry"
+          }
+        },
+        "translationLanguages": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/translationLanguage"
+          },
+          "minItems": 1,
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "definitionTypeTags": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/definitionTypeTag"
+          }
+        },
+        "inflectedFormTags": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/inflectedFormTag"
+          }
+        },
+        "labelTags": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/labelTag"
+          }
+        },
+        "labelTypeTags": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/labelTypeTag"
+          }
+        },
+        "partOfSpeechTags": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/partOfSpeechTag"
+          }
+        },
+        "sourceIdentityTags": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sourceIdentityTag"
+          }
+        },
+        "transcriptionSchemeTags": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/transcriptionSchemeTag"
+          }
+        },
+        "relations": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/relation"
+          }
+        },
+        "relationTypes": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/relationType"
+          }
+        },
+        "etymonLanguages": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/etymonLanguage"
+          }
+        },
+        "etymonTypes": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/etymonType"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false,
+      "if": {
+        "not": {
+          "required": ["translationLanguages"],
+          "properties": {
+            "translationLanguages": {
+              "type": "array",
+              "minItems": 1,
+              "maxItems": 1
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "then": {
+        "properties": {
+          "entries": {
+            "items": {
+              "properties": {
+                "senses": {
+                  "items": {
+                    "properties": {
+                      "headwordTranslations": {
+                        "items": {
+                          "required": ["langCode"]
+                        }
+                      },
+                      "headwordExplanations": {
+                        "items": {
+                          "required": ["langCode"]
+                        }
+                      }
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "entry": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["headword"],
+      "properties": {
+        "headword": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "homographNumber": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "partsOfSpeech": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/partOfSpeech"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "labels": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/label"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "pronunciations": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/pronunciation"
+          }
+        },
+        "inflectedForms": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/inflectedForm"
+          }
+        },
+        "senses": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sense"
+          }
+        },
+        "id": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "placeholderMarkers": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/placeholderMarker"
+          }
+        },
+        "etymologies": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/etymology"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "inflectedForm": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["text"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "text": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "labels": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/label"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "pronunciations": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/pronunciation"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false      
+    },
+    "sense": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "properties": {
+        "indicator": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "labels": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/label"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "definitions": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/definition"
+          }
+        },
+        "examples": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/example"
+          }
+        },
+        "id": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "headwordExplanations": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/headwordExplanation"
+          }
+        },
+        "headwordTranslations": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/headwordTranslation"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "definition": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["text"],
+      "properties": {
+        "definitionType": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "text": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "headwordMarkers": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/headwordMarker"
+          }
+        },
+        "collocateMarkers": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/collocateMarker"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "pronunciation": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "anyOf": [
+        {
+          "required": ["soundFile"]
+        },
+        {
+          "required": ["transcriptions"],
+          "properties": {
+            "transcriptions": {
+              "minItems": 1
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "properties": {
+        "soundFile": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "transcriptions": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/transcription"
+          }
+        },
+        "labels": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/label"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "transcription": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["text"],
+      "properties": {
+        "scheme": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "text": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "example": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["text"],
+      "properties": {
+        "sourceIdentity": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "sourceElaboration": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "soundFile": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "text": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "labels": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/label"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "headwordMarkers": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/headwordMarker"
+          }
+        },
+        "collocateMarkers": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/collocateMarker"
+          }
+        },
+        "exampleTranslations": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/exampleTranslation"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "headwordTranslation": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["text"],
+      "properties": {
+        "langCode": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "text": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "partsOfSpeech": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/partOfSpeech"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "labels": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/label"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "pronunciations": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/pronunciation"
+          }
+        },
+        "inflectedForms": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/inflectedForm"
+          }
+        },
+        "placeholderMarkers": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/placeholderMarker"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "headwordExplanation": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["text"],
+      "properties": {
+        "langCode": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "text": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "exampleTranslation": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["text"],
+      "properties": {
+        "langCode": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "text": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "labels": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/label"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "headwordMarkers": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/headwordMarker"
+          }
+        },
+        "collocateMarkers": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/collocateMarker"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "partOfSpeechTag": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["tag"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "for": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "inflectedFormTag": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["tag"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "for": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "definitionTypeTag": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["tag"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "labelTag": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["tag"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "typeTag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "for": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "labelTypeTag": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["tag"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "sourceIdentityTag": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["tag"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "transcriptionSchemeTag": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["tag"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "for": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "relation": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["type"],
+      "properties": {
+        "type": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "members": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/member"
+          },
+          "minItems": 2
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "member": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["ref"],
+      "properties": {
+        "ref": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "role": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "obverseListingOrder": {
+          "type": "integer"
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "relationType": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["type"],
+      "properties": {
+        "type": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "scopeRestriction": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1,
+          "enum": ["sameEntry", "sameResource", "any"]
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "memberTypes": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/memberType"
+          }
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "memberType": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["type"],
+      "properties": {
+        "role": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "type": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1,
+          "enum": ["sense", "entry", "collocate"]
+        },
+        "min": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "max": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "hint": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1,
+          "enum": ["embed", "navigate", "none"]
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "placeholderMarker": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["startIndex", "endIndex"],
+      "properties": {
+        "startIndex": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "endIndex": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "headwordMarker": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["startIndex", "endIndex"],
+      "properties": {
+        "startIndex": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "endIndex": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "collocateMarker": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["startIndex", "endIndex"],
+      "properties": {
+        "startIndex": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "endIndex": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "lemma": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "labels": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/label"
+           },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "id": {
+          "type": "string"
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "etymology": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "properties": {
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "etymons": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/etymon"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "etymon": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["etymonUnits"],
+      "properties": {
+        "when": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "type": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "note": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "etymonUnits": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/etymonUnit"
+          },
+          "minItems": 1
+        },
+        "translation": {
+          "type": "string"
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "etymonUnit": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["langCode", "text"],
+      "properties": {
+        "langCode": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "reconstructed": {
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "text": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "partsOfSpeech": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/partOfSpeech"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "translation": {
+          "type": "string"
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "etymonType": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["type"],
+      "properties": {
+        "type": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "etymonLanguage": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["langCode"],
+      "properties": {
+        "langCode": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "displayName": {
+          "type": "string"
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "label": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "minLength": 1
+    },
+    "partOfSpeech": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "minLength": 1
+    },
+    "sameAs": {
+      "type": "string"
+    },
+    "translationLanguage": {
+      "type": "string"
+    }
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/JSON/dmlex_no-crosslingual.schema.json b/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/JSON/dmlex_no-crosslingual.schema.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d63815ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/JSON/dmlex_no-crosslingual.schema.json
@@ -0,0 +1,786 @@
+{
+  "$id": "http://docs.oasis-open.org/lexidma/ns/dmlex-1.0",
+  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+  "title": "DMLex",
+  "description": "DMLex JSON serialization. This variant of the schema is for documents *not* implementing the Crosslingual Module (but possibly implementing some other modules).",
+  "$comment": "This schema can only establish uniqueness for arrays in which the item is the key, i.e. labels, partsOfSpeech, and sameAs. Uniqueness of IDs and validity of ID references cannot be checked at all.",
+  "type": "object",
+  "oneOf": [
+    {
+      "$ref": "#/$defs/lexicographicResource"
+    },
+    {
+      "$ref": "#/$defs/entry"
+    }
+  ],
+  "$defs": {
+    "lexicographicResource": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["langCode"],
+      "properties": {
+        "title": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "uri": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "format": "uri"
+        },
+        "langCode": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "entries": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/entry"
+          }
+        },
+        "definitionTypeTags": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/definitionTypeTag"
+          }
+        },
+        "inflectedFormTags": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/inflectedFormTag"
+          }
+        },
+        "labelTags": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/labelTag"
+          }
+        },
+        "labelTypeTags": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/labelTypeTag"
+          }
+        },
+        "partOfSpeechTags": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/partOfSpeechTag"
+          }
+        },
+        "sourceIdentityTags": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sourceIdentityTag"
+          }
+        },
+        "transcriptionSchemeTags": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/transcriptionSchemeTag"
+          }
+        },
+        "relations": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/relation"
+          }
+        },
+        "relationTypes": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/relationType"
+          }
+        },
+        "etymonLanguages": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/etymonLanguage"
+          }
+        },
+        "etymonTypes": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/etymonType"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "entry": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["headword"],
+      "properties": {
+        "headword": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "homographNumber": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "partsOfSpeech": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/partOfSpeech"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "labels": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/label"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "pronunciations": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/pronunciation"
+          }
+        },
+        "inflectedForms": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/inflectedForm"
+          }
+        },
+        "senses": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sense"
+          }
+        },
+        "id": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "placeholderMarkers": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/placeholderMarker"
+          }
+        },
+        "etymologies": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/etymology"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "inflectedForm": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["text"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "text": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "labels": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/label"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "pronunciations": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/pronunciation"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false      
+    },
+    "sense": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "properties": {
+        "indicator": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "labels": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/label"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "definitions": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/definition"
+          }
+        },
+        "examples": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/example"
+          }
+        },
+        "id": {
+          "type": "string"
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "definition": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["text"],
+      "properties": {
+        "definitionType": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "text": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "headwordMarkers": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/headwordMarker"
+          }
+        },
+        "collocateMarkers": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/collocateMarker"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "pronunciation": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "anyOf": [
+        {
+          "required": ["soundFile"]
+        },
+        {
+          "required": ["transcriptions"],
+          "properties": {
+            "transcriptions": {
+              "minItems": 1
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "properties": {
+        "soundFile": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "transcriptions": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/transcription"
+          }
+        },
+        "labels": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/label"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "transcription": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["text"],
+      "properties": {
+        "scheme": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "text": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "example": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["text"],
+      "properties": {
+        "sourceIdentity": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "sourceElaboration": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "soundFile": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "text": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "labels": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/label"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "headwordMarkers": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/headwordMarker"
+          }
+        },
+        "collocateMarkers": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/collocateMarker"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "partOfSpeechTag": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["tag"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "for": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "inflectedFormTag": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["tag"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "for": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "definitionTypeTag": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["tag"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "labelTag": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["tag"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "typeTag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "for": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "labelTypeTag": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["tag"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "sourceIdentityTag": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["tag"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "transcriptionSchemeTag": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["tag"],
+      "properties": {
+        "tag": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "for": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "relation": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["type"],
+      "properties": {
+        "type": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "members": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/member"
+          },
+          "minItems": 2
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "member": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["ref"],
+      "properties": {
+        "ref": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "role": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "obverseListingOrder": {
+          "type": "integer"
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "relationType": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["type"],
+      "properties": {
+        "type": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "scopeRestriction": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1,
+          "enum": ["sameEntry", "sameResource", "any"]
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "memberTypes": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/memberType"
+          }
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "memberType": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["type"],
+      "properties": {
+        "role": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "type": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1,
+          "enum": ["sense", "entry", "collocate"]
+        },
+        "min": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "max": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "hint": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1,
+          "enum": ["embed", "navigate", "none"]
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "sameAs": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/sameAs"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "placeholderMarker": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["startIndex", "endIndex"],
+      "properties": {
+        "startIndex": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "endIndex": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "headwordMarker": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["startIndex", "endIndex"],
+      "properties": {
+        "startIndex": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "endIndex": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "collocateMarker": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["startIndex", "endIndex"],
+      "properties": {
+        "startIndex": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "endIndex": {
+          "type": "integer",
+          "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "lemma": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "labels": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/label"
+           },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "id": {
+          "type": "string"
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "etymology": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "properties": {
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "etymons": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/etymon"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "etymon": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["etymonUnits"],
+      "properties": {
+        "when": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "type": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "note": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "etymonUnits": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/etymonUnit"
+          },
+          "minItems": 1
+        },
+        "translation": {
+          "type": "string"
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "etymonUnit": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["langCode", "text"],
+      "properties": {
+        "langCode": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "reconstructed": {
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "text": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "partsOfSpeech": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "$ref": "#/$defs/partOfSpeech"
+          },
+          "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "translation": {
+          "type": "string"
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "etymonType": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["type"],
+      "properties": {
+        "type": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "minLength": 1
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "etymonLanguage": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": ["langCode"],
+      "properties": {
+        "langCode": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "displayName": {
+          "type": "string"
+        }
+      },
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "label": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "minLength": 1
+    },
+    "partOfSpeech": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "minLength": 1
+    },
+    "sameAs": {
+      "type": "string"
+    }
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/XML/dmlex.xsd b/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/XML/dmlex.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fbf22943
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/XML/dmlex.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,674 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- This variant of the schema is for documents implementing the Crosslingual Module (and possibly some other modules). -->
+<!--
+Shortcomings of the proposed XML Schema:
+
+XML Schema apparently does not allow for an arbitrary global (root) element, cf. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26003982/xml-schema-that-allows-anything-xsdany
+This prevents the proposed schema from correctly implementing a part of chapter 5.1 of the specification: "a valid DMLex XML document is […] one with an arbitrary document element other than lexicographicResource or entry containing a concatenation of one (and only one) of these two element types". Instead, the current schema enforces such an element to be called verbatim "root" (or any other name explicitly that is explicitely defined in the schema).
+
+The proposed schema covers all the optional modules. Within the structure of <lexicographicResource>, child elements are grouped into <sequence>s to hint at their belonging to individual modules, but there is currently no way to enforce from the document or from the outside that a particular module is implemented.
+
+It is not sure if uniqueness checks will always work as expected for optional elements – exact behavior may depend on the validator.
+Better support could probably be achieved by turning <unique> into <assert> even if it makes the code less readable: see https://stackoverflow.com/a/20520572
+
+Uniqueness cannot be based on properties that are allowed to appear more than once (XML Schema specification says that "Each XPath expression in the {fields} property must identify a single node").
+In the current schema, such uniqueness constraints (there are 7 of them) are commented out and therefore inactive.
+It might be possible to re-write them as <assert>s using concatenation of values for all elements of the same name, cf. https://forums.parasoft.com/discussion/5575/using-concat-in-xpath-to-node-that-occurs-more-than-once
+-->
+<xs:schema version="1.0" xml:lang="en"
+    xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+    xmlns:vc="http://www.w3.org/2007/XMLSchema-versioning"
+    vc:minVersion="1.1"
+    targetNamespace="http://docs.oasis-open.org/lexidma/ns/dmlex-1.0"
+    xpathDefaultNamespace="http://docs.oasis-open.org/lexidma/ns/dmlex-1.0"
+    xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/lexidma/ns/dmlex-1.0"
+    xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
+    elementFormDefault="qualified">
+
+  <xs:simpleType name="nonEmptyString">
+    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:minLength value="1"/>
+    </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+
+  <xs:element name="root" type="rootType">
+    <xs:unique ref="entryUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="rootType">
+    <xs:choice>
+      <xs:element ref="lexicographicResource" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>    
+      <xs:element ref="entry" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>    
+    </xs:choice>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="lexicographicResource" type="lexicographicResourceType">
+    <xs:unique name="entryUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="entry"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="headword"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@homographNumber"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="partOfSpeech/@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="translationLanguageUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="translationLanguage"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@langCode"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="definitionTypeTagUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="definitionTypeTag"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="inflectedFormTagUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="inflectedFormTag"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="labelTagUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="labelTag"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="labelTypeTagUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="labelTypeTag"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="partOfSpeechTagUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="partOfSpeechTag"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="sourceIdentityTagUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="sourceIdentityTag"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="transcriptionSchemeTagUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="transcriptionSchemeTag"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="relationTypeUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="relationType"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@type"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="etymonTypeUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="etymonType"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@type"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:key name="entryOrSenseOrCollocateMarkerKey">
+      <xs:selector xpath=".//entry | .//sense | .//collocateMarker"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@id"/>
+    </xs:key>
+    <xs:keyref name="memberRef" refer="entryOrSenseOrCollocateMarkerKey">
+      <xs:selector xpath=".//member"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@ref"/>
+    </xs:keyref>
+  </xs:element>
+  
+  <xs:complexType name="lexicographicResourceType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element ref="entry" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:sequence>
+        <xs:element ref="translationLanguage" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+      <xs:sequence minOccurs="0">
+        <xs:element ref="definitionTypeTag" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="inflectedFormTag" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="labelTag" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="labelTypeTag" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="partOfSpeechTag" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="sourceIdentityTag" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="transcriptionSchemeTag" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+      <xs:sequence minOccurs="0">
+        <xs:element ref="relation" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="relationType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+      <xs:sequence minOccurs="0">
+        <xs:element ref="etymonLanguage" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="etymonType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="title" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="uri" use="optional" type="xs:anyURI"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="langCode" use="required" type="xs:language"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="entry" type="entryType">
+    <xs:unique name="partOfSpeechUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="partOfSpeech"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="inflectedFormUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="inflectedForm"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="text"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="senseUniqueByIndicator">
+      <xs:selector xpath="sense"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="indicator"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <!-- impossible to establish uniqueness by properties that can occur more than once:
+    <xs:unique name="senseUniqueByDefinition">
+      <xs:selector xpath="sense"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="definition"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    -->
+    <xs:unique name="labelUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="label"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="pronunciationUniqueBySoundFile">
+      <xs:selector xpath="pronunciation"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@soundFile"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <!-- impossible to establish uniqueness by properties that can occur more than once:
+    <xs:unique name="pronunciationUniqueByTranscription">
+      <xs:selector xpath="pronunciation"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="transcription"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    -->
+    <!-- impossible to establish uniqueness by properties that can occur more than once:
+    <xs:unique name="etymologyUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="etymology"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="description"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    -->
+  </xs:element>
+  
+  <xs:complexType name="entryType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:sequence>
+        <xs:element name="headword">
+          <xs:complexType mixed="true">
+            <xs:sequence>
+              <xs:element ref="placeholderMarker" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+          </xs:complexType>
+        </xs:element>
+        <xs:element ref="partOfSpeech" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="label" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="pronunciation" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="inflectedForm" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="sense" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+      <xs:sequence minOccurs="0">
+        <xs:element ref="etymology" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="homographNumber" use="optional" type="xs:integer"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="id" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:assert test="string-length(headword)>0"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="partOfSpeech" type="partOfSpeechType">
+    <xs:unique ref="sameAsUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="partOfSpeechType">
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="inflectedForm" type="inflectedFormType">
+    <xs:unique ref="labelUnique"/>
+    <xs:unique ref="pronunciationUniqueBySoundFile"/>
+    <!-- impossible to establish uniqueness by properties that can occur more than once:
+    <xs:unique ref="pronunciationUniqueByTranscription"/>
+    -->
+    <xs:unique ref="sameAsUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="inflectedFormType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="text" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="label" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element ref="pronunciation" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="sense" type="senseType">
+    <xs:unique name="definitionUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="definition"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="."/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique ref="labelUnique"/>
+    <xs:unique name="exampleUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="example"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="text"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="headwordTranslationUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="headwordTranslation"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="text"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@langCode"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="headwordExplanationUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="headwordExplanation"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="."/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@langCode"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="senseType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:sequence>
+        <xs:element name="indicator" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" type="xs:string"/>
+        <xs:element ref="label" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="definition" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="example" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+      <xs:sequence minOccurs="0">
+        <xs:element ref="headwordExplanation" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="headwordTranslation" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="id" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="definition" type="definitionType">
+    <xs:unique name="collocateMarkerUniqueAsChild">
+      <xs:selector xpath="collocateMarker"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@lemma"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="definitionType" mixed="true">
+    <xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+      <xs:element ref="headwordMarker"/>
+      <xs:element ref="collocateMarker"/>
+    </xs:choice>
+    <xs:attribute name="definitionType" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:assert test="string-length(.)>0"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="label" type="labelType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="labelType">
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="pronunciation" type="pronunciationType">
+    <xs:unique ref="labelUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="pronunciationType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element ref="transcription" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element ref="label" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="soundFile" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:assert test="transcription or @soundFile"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="transcription" type="transcriptionType">
+    <xs:unique name="transcriptionUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="transcription"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="."/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="transcriptionType">
+    <xs:simpleContent>
+      <xs:extension base="nonEmptyString">
+        <xs:attribute name="scheme" use="optional" type="xs:language"/>
+      </xs:extension>
+    </xs:simpleContent>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="example" type="exampleType">
+    <xs:unique ref="labelUnique"/>
+    <xs:unique name="exampleTranslationUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="exampleTranslation"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="text"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@langCode"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="collocateMarkerUniqueInText">
+      <xs:selector xpath="collocateMarker"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="text/@lemma"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="exampleType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:sequence>
+        <xs:element name="text">
+          <xs:complexType mixed="true">
+            <xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+              <xs:element ref="headwordMarker"/>
+              <xs:element ref="collocateMarker"/>
+            </xs:choice>
+          </xs:complexType>
+        </xs:element>
+        <xs:element ref="label" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+      <xs:sequence>
+        <xs:element ref="exampleTranslation" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="sourceIdentity" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="sourceElaboration" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="soundFile" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:assert test="string-length(text)>0"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="translationLanguage" type="translationLanguageType"/>
+  
+  <xs:complexType name="translationLanguageType">
+    <xs:attribute name="langCode" use="required" type="xs:language"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="headwordTranslation" type="headwordTranslationType">
+    <xs:unique ref="partOfSpeechUnique"/>
+    <xs:unique ref="inflectedFormUnique"/>
+    <xs:unique ref="labelUnique"/>
+    <xs:unique ref="pronunciationUniqueBySoundFile"/>
+    <!-- impossible to establish uniqueness by properties that can occur more than once:
+    <xs:unique ref="pronunciationUniqueByTranscription"/>
+    -->
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="headwordTranslationType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="text">
+        <xs:complexType mixed="true">
+          <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element ref="placeholderMarker" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+          </xs:sequence>
+        </xs:complexType>
+      </xs:element>
+      <xs:element ref="partOfSpeech" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element ref="label" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element ref="pronunciation" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element ref="inflectedForm" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="langCode" use="optional" type="xs:language"/>
+    <xs:assert test="count(ancestor::lexicographicResource/translationLanguage)=1 or @langCode"/>
+    <xs:assert test="string-length(text)>0"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="headwordExplanation" type="headwordExplanationType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="headwordExplanationType">
+    <xs:simpleContent>
+      <xs:extension base="nonEmptyString">
+        <xs:attribute name="langCode" use="optional" type="xs:language"/>
+        <xs:assert test="count(ancestor::lexicographicResource/translationLanguage)=1 or @langCode"/>
+      </xs:extension>
+    </xs:simpleContent>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="exampleTranslation" type="exampleTranslationType">
+    <xs:unique ref="labelUnique"/>
+    <xs:unique ref="collocateMarkerUniqueInText"/>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="exampleTranslationType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="text">
+        <xs:complexType mixed="true">
+          <xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+            <xs:element ref="headwordMarker"/>
+            <xs:element ref="collocateMarker"/>
+          </xs:choice>
+        </xs:complexType>
+      </xs:element>
+      <xs:element ref="label" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="langCode" use="optional" type="xs:language"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="soundFile" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:assert test="count(ancestor::lexicographicResource/translationLanguage)=1 or @langCode"/>
+    <xs:assert test="string-length(text)>0"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="partOfSpeechTag" type="partOfSpeechTagType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="partOfSpeechTagType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="xs:string"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="for" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:assert test="string-length(description)>0"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="inflectedFormTag" type="inflectedFormTagType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="inflectedFormTagType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="for" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="definitionTypeTag" type="definitionTypeTagType">
+    <xs:unique name="sameAsUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="sameAs"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@uri"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+  
+  <xs:complexType name="definitionTypeTagType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  
+  <xs:element name="labelTag" type="labelTagType">
+    <xs:unique ref="sameAsUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+  
+  <xs:complexType name="labelTagType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="typeTag" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="for" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="labelTypeTag" type="labelTypeTagType">
+    <xs:unique ref="sameAsUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+  
+  <xs:complexType name="labelTypeTagType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="sourceIdentityTag" type="sourceIdentityTagType">
+    <xs:unique ref="sameAsUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="sourceIdentityTagType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="transcriptionSchemeTag" type="transcriptionSchemeTagType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="transcriptionSchemeTagType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="xs:language"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="for" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="sameAs" type="sameAsType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="sameAsType">
+    <xs:attribute name="uri" use="required" type="xs:anyURI"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="relation" type="relationType">
+    <xs:unique name="memberUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="member"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@ref"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@role"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="relationType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="member" minOccurs="2" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="type" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="member" type="memberType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="memberType">
+    <xs:attribute name="ref" use="required" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="role" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="obverseListingOrder" use="optional" type="xs:integer"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="relationType" type="relationTypeType">
+    <xs:unique ref="sameAsUnique"/>
+    <xs:unique name="memberTypeUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="memberType"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@role"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@type"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+  
+  <xs:complexType name="relationTypeType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="memberType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="type" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="scopeRestriction" use="optional">
+      <xs:simpleType>
+        <xs:restriction base="nonEmptyString">
+          <xs:enumeration value="sameEntry"/>
+          <xs:enumeration value="sameResource"/>
+          <xs:enumeration value="any"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+      </xs:simpleType>
+    </xs:attribute>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="memberType" type="memberTypeType">
+    <xs:unique ref="sameAsUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+  
+  <xs:complexType name="memberTypeType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="role" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="type" use="required">
+      <xs:simpleType>
+        <xs:restriction base="nonEmptyString">
+          <xs:enumeration value="sense"/>
+          <xs:enumeration value="entry"/>
+          <xs:enumeration value="collocate"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+      </xs:simpleType>
+    </xs:attribute>
+    <xs:attribute name="min" use="optional" type="xs:integer"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="max" use="optional" type="xs:integer"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="hint" use="optional">
+      <xs:simpleType>
+        <xs:restriction base="nonEmptyString">
+          <xs:enumeration value="embed"/>
+          <xs:enumeration value="navigate"/>
+          <xs:enumeration value="none"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+      </xs:simpleType>
+    </xs:attribute>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="placeholderMarker" type="xs:string"/>
+
+  <xs:element name="headwordMarker" type="xs:string"/>
+
+  <xs:element name="collocateMarker" type="collocateMarkerType">
+    <xs:unique ref="labelUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="collocateMarkerType" mixed="true">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element ref="label" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="lemma" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="id" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="etymology" type="etymologyType">
+    <!-- impossible to establish uniqueness by properties that can occur more than once:
+    <xs:unique name="etymonUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="etymon"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@when"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="etymonUnit"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    -->
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="etymologyType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="xs:string"/>
+      <xs:element ref="etymon" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="etymon" type="etymonType">
+    <xs:unique name="etymonUnitUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="etymonUnit"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@langCode"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="text"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="etymonType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="note" minOccurs="0" type="xs:string"/>
+      <xs:element ref="etymonUnit" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element name="translation" minOccurs="0" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="when" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="type" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="etymonUnit" type="etymonUnitType">
+    <xs:unique ref="partOfSpeechUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="etymonUnitType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="text" type="xs:string"/>
+      <xs:element ref="partOfSpeech" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element name="translation" minOccurs="0" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="langCode" use="required" type="xs:language"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="reconstructed" use="optional" type="xs:boolean"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="etymonType" type="etymonTypeType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="etymonTypeType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="type" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="etymonLanguage" type="etymonLanguageType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="etymonLanguageType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="displayName" minOccurs="0" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="langCode" use="required" type="xs:language"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/XML/dmlex_no-crosslingual.xsd b/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/XML/dmlex_no-crosslingual.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f73eefad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/XML/dmlex_no-crosslingual.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,572 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- This variant of the schema is for documents *not* implementing the Crosslingual Module (but possibly implementing some other modules). -->
+<!--
+Shortcomings of the proposed XML Schema:
+
+XML Schema apparently does not allow for an arbitrary global (root) element, cf. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26003982/xml-schema-that-allows-anything-xsdany
+This prevents the proposed schema from correctly implementing a part of chapter 5.1 of the specification: "a valid DMLex XML document is […] one with an arbitrary document element other than lexicographicResource or entry containing a concatenation of one (and only one) of these two element types". Instead, the current schema enforces such an element to be called verbatim "root" (or any other name explicitly that is explicitely defined in the schema).
+
+The proposed schema covers all the optional modules. Within the structure of <lexicographicResource>, child elements are grouped into <sequence>s to hint at their belonging to individual modules, but there is currently no way to enforce from the document or from the outside that a particular module is implemented.
+
+It is not sure if uniqueness checks will always work as expected for optional elements – exact behavior may depend on the validator.
+Better support could probably be achieved by turning <unique> into <assert> even if it makes the code less readable: see https://stackoverflow.com/a/20520572
+
+Uniqueness cannot be based on properties that are allowed to appear more than once (XML Schema specification says that "Each XPath expression in the {fields} property must identify a single node").
+In the current schema, such uniqueness constraints (there are 7 of them) are commented out and therefore inactive.
+It might be possible to re-write them as <assert>s using concatenation of values for all elements of the same name, cf. https://forums.parasoft.com/discussion/5575/using-concat-in-xpath-to-node-that-occurs-more-than-once
+-->
+<xs:schema version="1.0" xml:lang="en"
+    xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+    xmlns:vc="http://www.w3.org/2007/XMLSchema-versioning"
+    vc:minVersion="1.1"
+    targetNamespace="http://docs.oasis-open.org/lexidma/ns/dmlex-1.0"
+    xpathDefaultNamespace="http://docs.oasis-open.org/lexidma/ns/dmlex-1.0"
+    xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/lexidma/ns/dmlex-1.0"
+    xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
+    elementFormDefault="qualified">
+
+  <xs:simpleType name="nonEmptyString">
+    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:minLength value="1"/>
+    </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+
+  <xs:element name="root" type="rootType">
+    <xs:unique ref="entryUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="rootType">
+    <xs:choice>
+      <xs:element ref="lexicographicResource" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>    
+      <xs:element ref="entry" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>    
+    </xs:choice>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="lexicographicResource" type="lexicographicResourceType">
+    <xs:unique name="entryUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="entry"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="headword"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@homographNumber"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="partOfSpeech/@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="definitionTypeTagUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="definitionTypeTag"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="inflectedFormTagUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="inflectedFormTag"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="labelTagUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="labelTag"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="labelTypeTagUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="labelTypeTag"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="partOfSpeechTagUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="partOfSpeechTag"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="sourceIdentityTagUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="sourceIdentityTag"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="transcriptionSchemeTagUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="transcriptionSchemeTag"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="relationTypeUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="relationType"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@type"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="etymonTypeUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="etymonType"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@type"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:key name="entryOrSenseOrCollocateMarkerKey">
+      <xs:selector xpath=".//entry | .//sense | .//collocateMarker"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@id"/>
+    </xs:key>
+    <xs:keyref name="memberRef" refer="entryOrSenseOrCollocateMarkerKey">
+      <xs:selector xpath=".//member"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@ref"/>
+    </xs:keyref>
+  </xs:element>
+  
+  <xs:complexType name="lexicographicResourceType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element ref="entry" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:sequence minOccurs="0">
+        <xs:element ref="definitionTypeTag" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="inflectedFormTag" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="labelTag" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="labelTypeTag" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="partOfSpeechTag" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="sourceIdentityTag" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="transcriptionSchemeTag" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+      <xs:sequence minOccurs="0">
+        <xs:element ref="relation" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="relationType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+      <xs:sequence minOccurs="0">
+        <xs:element ref="etymonLanguage" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="etymonType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="title" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="uri" use="optional" type="xs:anyURI"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="langCode" use="required" type="xs:language"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="entry" type="entryType">
+    <xs:unique name="partOfSpeechUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="partOfSpeech"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="inflectedFormUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="inflectedForm"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="text"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="senseUniqueByIndicator">
+      <xs:selector xpath="sense"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="indicator"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <!-- impossible to establish uniqueness by properties that can occur more than once:
+    <xs:unique name="senseUniqueByDefinition">
+      <xs:selector xpath="sense"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="definition"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    -->
+    <xs:unique name="labelUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="label"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@tag"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique name="pronunciationUniqueBySoundFile">
+      <xs:selector xpath="pronunciation"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@soundFile"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <!-- impossible to establish uniqueness by properties that can occur more than once:
+    <xs:unique name="pronunciationUniqueByTranscription">
+      <xs:selector xpath="pronunciation"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="transcription"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    -->
+    <!-- impossible to establish uniqueness by properties that can occur more than once:
+    <xs:unique name="etymologyUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="etymology"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="description"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    -->
+  </xs:element>
+  
+  <xs:complexType name="entryType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:sequence>
+        <xs:element name="headword">
+          <xs:complexType mixed="true">
+            <xs:sequence>
+              <xs:element ref="placeholderMarker" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+          </xs:complexType>
+        </xs:element>
+        <xs:element ref="partOfSpeech" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="label" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="pronunciation" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="inflectedForm" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        <xs:element ref="sense" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+      <xs:sequence minOccurs="0">
+        <xs:element ref="etymology" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="homographNumber" use="optional" type="xs:integer"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="id" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:assert test="string-length(headword)>0"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="partOfSpeech" type="partOfSpeechType">
+    <xs:unique ref="sameAsUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="partOfSpeechType">
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="inflectedForm" type="inflectedFormType">
+    <xs:unique ref="labelUnique"/>
+    <xs:unique ref="pronunciationUniqueBySoundFile"/>
+    <!-- impossible to establish uniqueness by properties that can occur more than once:
+    <xs:unique ref="pronunciationUniqueByTranscription"/>
+    -->
+    <xs:unique ref="sameAsUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="inflectedFormType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="text" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="label" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element ref="pronunciation" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="sense" type="senseType">
+    <xs:unique name="definitionUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="definition"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="."/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    <xs:unique ref="labelUnique"/>
+    <xs:unique name="exampleUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="example"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="text"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="senseType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="indicator" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" type="xs:string"/>
+      <xs:element ref="label" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element ref="definition" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element ref="example" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="id" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="definition" type="definitionType">
+    <xs:unique name="collocateMarkerUniqueAsChild">
+      <xs:selector xpath="collocateMarker"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@lemma"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="definitionType" mixed="true">
+    <xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+      <xs:element ref="headwordMarker"/>
+      <xs:element ref="collocateMarker"/>
+    </xs:choice>
+    <xs:attribute name="definitionType" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:assert test="string-length(.)>0"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="label" type="labelType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="labelType">
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="pronunciation" type="pronunciationType">
+    <xs:unique ref="labelUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="pronunciationType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element ref="transcription" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element ref="label" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="soundFile" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:assert test="transcription or @soundFile"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="transcription" type="transcriptionType">
+    <xs:unique name="transcriptionUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="transcription"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="."/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="transcriptionType">
+    <xs:simpleContent>
+      <xs:extension base="nonEmptyString">
+        <xs:attribute name="scheme" use="optional" type="xs:language"/>
+      </xs:extension>
+    </xs:simpleContent>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="example" type="exampleType">
+    <xs:unique ref="labelUnique"/>
+    <xs:unique name="collocateMarkerUniqueInText">
+      <xs:selector xpath="collocateMarker"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="text/@lemma"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="exampleType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="text">
+        <xs:complexType mixed="true">
+          <xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+            <xs:element ref="headwordMarker"/>
+            <xs:element ref="collocateMarker"/>
+          </xs:choice>
+        </xs:complexType>
+      </xs:element>
+      <xs:element ref="label" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="sourceIdentity" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="sourceElaboration" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="soundFile" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:assert test="string-length(text)>0"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="partOfSpeechTag" type="partOfSpeechTagType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="partOfSpeechTagType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="xs:string"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="for" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:assert test="string-length(description)>0"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="inflectedFormTag" type="inflectedFormTagType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="inflectedFormTagType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="for" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="definitionTypeTag" type="definitionTypeTagType">
+    <xs:unique name="sameAsUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="sameAs"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@uri"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+  
+  <xs:complexType name="definitionTypeTagType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  
+  <xs:element name="labelTag" type="labelTagType">
+    <xs:unique ref="sameAsUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+  
+  <xs:complexType name="labelTagType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="typeTag" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="for" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="labelTypeTag" type="labelTypeTagType">
+    <xs:unique ref="sameAsUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+  
+  <xs:complexType name="labelTypeTagType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="sourceIdentityTag" type="sourceIdentityTagType">
+    <xs:unique ref="sameAsUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="sourceIdentityTagType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="transcriptionSchemeTag" type="transcriptionSchemeTagType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="transcriptionSchemeTagType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="tag" use="required" type="xs:language"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="for" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="sameAs" type="sameAsType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="sameAsType">
+    <xs:attribute name="uri" use="required" type="xs:anyURI"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="relation" type="relationType">
+    <xs:unique name="memberUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="member"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@ref"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@role"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="relationType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="member" minOccurs="2" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="type" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="member" type="memberType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="memberType">
+    <xs:attribute name="ref" use="required" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="role" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="obverseListingOrder" use="optional" type="xs:integer"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="relationType" type="relationTypeType">
+    <xs:unique ref="sameAsUnique"/>
+    <xs:unique name="memberTypeUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="memberType"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@role"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@type"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+  
+  <xs:complexType name="relationTypeType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="memberType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="type" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="scopeRestriction" use="optional">
+      <xs:simpleType>
+        <xs:restriction base="nonEmptyString">
+          <xs:enumeration value="sameEntry"/>
+          <xs:enumeration value="sameResource"/>
+          <xs:enumeration value="any"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+      </xs:simpleType>
+    </xs:attribute>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="memberType" type="memberTypeType">
+    <xs:unique ref="sameAsUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+  
+  <xs:complexType name="memberTypeType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+      <xs:element ref="sameAs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="role" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="type" use="required">
+      <xs:simpleType>
+        <xs:restriction base="nonEmptyString">
+          <xs:enumeration value="sense"/>
+          <xs:enumeration value="entry"/>
+          <xs:enumeration value="collocate"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+      </xs:simpleType>
+    </xs:attribute>
+    <xs:attribute name="min" use="optional" type="xs:integer"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="max" use="optional" type="xs:integer"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="hint" use="optional">
+      <xs:simpleType>
+        <xs:restriction base="nonEmptyString">
+          <xs:enumeration value="embed"/>
+          <xs:enumeration value="navigate"/>
+          <xs:enumeration value="none"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+      </xs:simpleType>
+    </xs:attribute>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="placeholderMarker" type="xs:string"/>
+
+  <xs:element name="headwordMarker" type="xs:string"/>
+
+  <xs:element name="collocateMarker" type="collocateMarkerType">
+    <xs:unique ref="labelUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="collocateMarkerType" mixed="true">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element ref="label" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="lemma" use="optional" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="id" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="etymology" type="etymologyType">
+    <!-- impossible to establish uniqueness by properties that can occur more than once:
+    <xs:unique name="etymonUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="etymon"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@when"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="etymonUnit"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+    -->
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="etymologyType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="xs:string"/>
+      <xs:element ref="etymon" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="etymon" type="etymonType">
+    <xs:unique name="etymonUnitUnique">
+      <xs:selector xpath="etymonUnit"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@langCode"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="text"/>
+    </xs:unique>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="etymonType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="note" minOccurs="0" type="xs:string"/>
+      <xs:element ref="etymonUnit" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element name="translation" minOccurs="0" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="when" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="type" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="etymonUnit" type="etymonUnitType">
+    <xs:unique ref="partOfSpeechUnique"/>
+  </xs:element>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="etymonUnitType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="text" type="xs:string"/>
+      <xs:element ref="partOfSpeech" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element name="translation" minOccurs="0" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="langCode" use="required" type="xs:language"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="reconstructed" use="optional" type="xs:boolean"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="etymonType" type="etymonTypeType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="etymonTypeType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="description" minOccurs="0" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="type" use="required" type="nonEmptyString"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+
+  <xs:element name="etymonLanguage" type="etymonLanguageType"/>
+
+  <xs:complexType name="etymonLanguageType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="displayName" minOccurs="0" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:sequence>
+    <xs:attribute name="langCode" use="required" type="xs:language"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/helper_scripts/validate_json.py b/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/helper_scripts/validate_json.py
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..3df0bca7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/helper_scripts/validate_json.py
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+import json
+from jsonschema import validate
+import glob
+schema = json.load(open('dmlex.schema.json'))
+for file in glob.glob("*.json"):
+  if file.endswith('.schema.json'):
+    continue
+  print(file)
+  validate(json.load(open(file)), schema)
+
diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/helper_scripts/validate_xml.py b/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/helper_scripts/validate_xml.py
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..c3af0650
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/schemas/helper_scripts/validate_xml.py
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+import xmlschema
+import glob
+schema = xmlschema.XMLSchema11('dmlex.xsd')
+for file in glob.glob("*.xml"):
+  print(file)
+  schema.validate(file)
+
diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/0.xml.xml b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/0.xml.xml
index 8baf418a..72907c71 100644
--- a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/0.xml.xml
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/0.xml.xml
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 <programlisting>
-&lt;lexicographicResource uri="http://example.com" langCode="en"&gt;
-    &lt;title&gt;Example Dictionary&lt;/title&gt;
+&lt;lexicographicResource title="Example Dictionary" uri="http://example.com" langCode="en"&gt;
     &lt;entry id="abandon-verb"&gt;
         &lt;headword&gt;abandon&lt;/headword&gt;
             &lt;partOfSpeech tag="verb"/&gt;
diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/10.xml.xml b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/10.xml.xml
index 3e132946..ef2f5aec 100644
--- a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/10.xml.xml
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/10.xml.xml
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 <programlisting>
-&lt;lexicographicResource uri="http://example.com" langCode="ga"&gt;
-    &lt;title&gt;My Irish-Multilingual Dictionary&lt;/title&gt;
+&lt;lexicographicResource title="My Irish-Multilingual Dictionary" uri="http://example.com" langCode="ga"&gt;
     &lt;translationLanguage langCode="en"/&gt;
     &lt;translationLanguage langCode="de"/&gt;
     &lt;translationLanguage langCode="cs"/&gt;
diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/14.xml.xml b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/14.xml.xml
index d2024251..a4f728d5 100644
--- a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/14.xml.xml
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/14.xml.xml
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 <programlisting>
 &lt;lexicographicResource uri="http://example.com" langCode="de"&gt;
-    &lt;translationLanguage langCode="en"/&gt;
     &lt;entry id="die-see"&gt;
         &lt;headword&gt;See&lt;/headword&gt;
         &lt;partOfSpeech tag="n-fem"/&gt;
@@ -22,6 +21,7 @@
             &lt;headwordTranslation&gt;&lt;text&gt;ocean&lt;/text&gt;&lt;/headwordTranslation&gt;
         &lt;/sense&gt;
     &lt;/entry&gt;
+    &lt;translationLanguage langCode="en"/&gt;
     &lt;relation type="synonyms"&gt;
         &lt;description&gt;words that mean sea and ocean&lt;/description&gt;
         &lt;member ref="die-see-1"/&gt;
diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/20.xml.xml b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/20.xml.xml
index 30e9860e..3e3a7037 100644
--- a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/20.xml.xml
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/20.xml.xml
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
     &lt;headword&gt;beat &lt;placeholderMarker&gt;sb.&lt;/placeholderMarker&gt; up&lt;/headword
 &gt;
     &lt;sense id="beat-up-1"&gt;
-      &lt;headwordTranslation&gt;
+      &lt;headwordTranslation langCode="de"&gt;
         &lt;text&gt;&lt;placeholderMarker&gt;jemanden&lt;/placeholderMarker&gt; verprügeln&lt;/
 text&gt;
       &lt;/headwordTranslation&gt;
diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/21.xml.xml b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/21.xml.xml
index 2f046a4c..b7632aeb 100644
--- a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/21.xml.xml
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/21.xml.xml
@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@
 &lt;entry id="autopsy"&gt;
     &lt;headword&gt;autopsy&lt;/headword&gt;
     &lt;sense id="autopsy-1"&gt;
-        &lt;headwordTranslation&gt;&lt;text&gt;pitva&lt;/text&gt;&lt;/headwordTranslation&gt;
         &lt;example&gt;
             &lt;text&gt;The coroner performed an &lt;headwordMarker&gt;autopsy&lt;/headwo
 rdMarker&gt;.&lt;/text&gt;
-            &lt;exampleTranslation&gt;
+            &lt;exampleTranslation langCode="cs"&gt;
                 &lt;text&gt;Koroner provedl &lt;headwordMarker&gt;pitvu&lt;/headwordMarke
 r&gt;.&lt;/text&gt;
             &lt;/exampleTranslation&gt;
         &lt;/example&gt;
+        &lt;headwordTranslation langCode="cs"&gt;&lt;text&gt;pitva&lt;/text&gt;&lt;/headwordTranslation&gt;
     &lt;/sense&gt;
 &lt;/entry&gt;
 
diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/24.xml.xml b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/24.xml.xml
index 39fd4aac..84eca350 100644
--- a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/24.xml.xml
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/24.xml.xml
@@ -24,6 +24,12 @@ ion&gt;
             &lt;/etymon&gt;
         &lt;/etymology&gt;
     &lt;/entry&gt;
+    &lt;etymonLanguage langCode="dum"&gt;
+        &lt;displayName&gt;Middle Dutch&lt;/displayName&gt;
+    &lt;/etymonLanguage&gt;
+    &lt;etymonLanguage langCode="gem-pro"&gt;
+        &lt;displayName&gt;Proto-Germanic&lt;/displayName&gt;
+    &lt;/etymonLanguage&gt;
     &lt;etymonType type="derivation"&gt;
         &lt;description&gt;A historical form of the word&lt;/description&gt;
     &lt;/etymonType&gt;
@@ -31,12 +37,6 @@ ion&gt;
         &lt;description&gt;Two words derived from the same etymological root&lt;/de
 scription&gt;
     &lt;/etymonType&gt;
-    &lt;etymonLanguage langCode="dum"&gt;
-        &lt;displayName&gt;Middle Dutch&lt;/displayName&gt;
-    &lt;/etymonLanguage&gt;
-    &lt;etymonLanguage langCode="gem-pro"&gt;
-        &lt;displayName&gt;Proto-Germanic&lt;/displayName&gt;
-    &lt;/etymonLanguage&gt;
 &lt;/lexicographicResource&gt;
             
 </programlisting>
diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/5.xml.xml b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/5.xml.xml
index 66c47809..de876330 100644
--- a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/5.xml.xml
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/5.xml.xml
@@ -10,17 +10,17 @@
             &lt;text&gt;folúsghlantóirí&lt;/text&gt;
         &lt;/inflectedForm&gt;
     &lt;/entry&gt;
-    &lt;partOfSpeechTag tag="n-masc"&gt;
-        &lt;description&gt;masculine noun&lt;/description&gt;
-    &lt;/partOfSpeechTag&gt;
-    &lt;partOfSpeechTag tag="n-fem"&gt;
-        &lt;description&gt;feminine noun&lt;/description&gt;
-    &lt;/partOfSpeechTag&gt;
     &lt;inflectedFormTag tag="sg-gen"&gt;
         &lt;description&gt;singular genitive&lt;/description&gt;
     &lt;/inflectedFormTag&gt;
     &lt;inflectedFormTag tag="pl"&gt;
         &lt;description&gt;plural&lt;/description&gt;
     &lt;/inflectedFormTag&gt;
+    &lt;partOfSpeechTag tag="n-masc"&gt;
+        &lt;description&gt;masculine noun&lt;/description&gt;
+    &lt;/partOfSpeechTag&gt;
+    &lt;partOfSpeechTag tag="n-fem"&gt;
+        &lt;description&gt;feminine noun&lt;/description&gt;
+    &lt;/partOfSpeechTag&gt;
 &lt;/lexicographicResource&gt;
 </programlisting>
diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/7.xml.xml b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/7.xml.xml
index 09e7a3fe..f668a184 100644
--- a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/7.xml.xml
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/7.xml.xml
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 <programlisting>
-&lt;lexicographicResource uri="http://example.com" langCode="de"&gt;
-    &lt;title&gt;My German-English Dictionary&lt;/title&gt;
+&lt;lexicographicResource title="My German-English Dictionary" uri="http://example.com" langCode="de"&gt;
     &lt;translationLanguage langCode="en"/&gt;
 &lt;/lexicographicResource&gt;
 </programlisting>
diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/8.xml.xml b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/8.xml.xml
index bd976215..eb272f2e 100644
--- a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/8.xml.xml
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/8.xml.xml
@@ -3,22 +3,22 @@
     &lt;headword&gt;doctor&lt;/headword&gt;
     &lt;sense id="doctor-n-1"&gt;
         &lt;indicator&gt;medical doctor&lt;/indicator&gt;
-        &lt;headwordTranslation&gt;
+        &lt;headwordTranslation langCode="en"&gt;
             &lt;text&gt;Arzt&lt;/text&gt;
             &lt;partOfSpeech tag="n-masc"/&gt;
         &lt;/headwordTranslation&gt;
-        &lt;headwordTranslation&gt;
+        &lt;headwordTranslation langCode="en"&gt;
             &lt;text&gt;Ärztin&lt;/text&gt;
             &lt;partOfSpeech tag="n-fem"/&gt;
         &lt;/headwordTranslation&gt;
     &lt;/sense&gt;
     &lt;sense id="doctor-n-2"&gt;
         &lt;indicator&gt;academic title&lt;/indicator&gt;
-        &lt;headwordTranslation&gt;
+        &lt;headwordTranslation langCode="en"&gt;
             &lt;text&gt;Doktor&lt;/text&gt;
             &lt;partOfSpeech tag="n-masc"/&gt;
         &lt;/headwordTranslation&gt;
-        &lt;headwordTranslation&gt;
+        &lt;headwordTranslation langCode="en"&gt;
             &lt;text&gt;Doktorin&lt;/text&gt;
             &lt;partOfSpeech tag="n-fem"/&gt;
         &lt;/headwordTranslation&gt;
diff --git a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/9.xml.xml b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/9.xml.xml
index 8c3811a5..7194058b 100644
--- a/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/9.xml.xml
+++ b/dmlex-v1.0/specification/examples/examples/source/9.xml.xml
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
     &lt;headword&gt;Treppenwitz&lt;/headword&gt;
     &lt;partOfSpeech tag="n-masc"/&gt;
     &lt;sense id="treppenwitz-1"&gt;
-        &lt;headwordExplanation&gt;belated realisation of what one could have sa
-id&lt;/headwordExplanation&gt;
-        &lt;headwordTranslation&gt;
+        &lt;headwordExplanation langCode="en"&gt;belated realisation of what one
+ could have said&lt;/headwordExplanation&gt;
+        &lt;headwordTranslation langCode="en"&gt;
             &lt;text&gt;staircase wit&lt;/text&gt;
         &lt;/headwordTranslation&gt;
     &lt;/sense&gt;