diff --git a/.chloggen/configwatcher-interface.yaml b/.chloggen/configwatcher-interface.yaml
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..4e5b611e31b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.chloggen/configwatcher-interface.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# One of 'breaking', 'deprecation', 'new_component', 'enhancement', 'bug_fix'
+change_type: enhancement
+
+# The name of the component, or a single word describing the area of concern, (e.g. otlpreceiver)
+component: extension
+
+# A brief description of the change.  Surround your text with quotes ("") if it needs to start with a backtick (`).
+note: Add optional `ConfigWatcher` interface
+
+# One or more tracking issues or pull requests related to the change
+issues: [6596]
+
+# (Optional) One or more lines of additional information to render under the primary note.
+# These lines will be padded with 2 spaces and then inserted directly into the document.
+# Use pipe (|) for multiline entries.
+subtext: Extensions implementing this interface will be notified of the Collector's effective config.
diff --git a/.chloggen/extension-effective-config.yaml b/.chloggen/extension-effective-config.yaml
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..13b27ad5085
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.chloggen/extension-effective-config.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# One of 'breaking', 'deprecation', 'new_component', 'enhancement', 'bug_fix'
+change_type: enhancement
+
+# The name of the component, or a single word describing the area of concern, (e.g. otlpreceiver)
+component: otelcol
+
+# A brief description of the change.  Surround your text with quotes ("") if it needs to start with a backtick (`).
+note: Add optional `ConfmapProvider` interface for Config Providers
+
+# One or more tracking issues or pull requests related to the change
+issues: [6596]
+
+# (Optional) One or more lines of additional information to render under the primary note.
+# These lines will be padded with 2 spaces and then inserted directly into the document.
+# Use pipe (|) for multiline entries.
+subtext: |
+  This allows providing the Collector's configuration as a marshaled confmap.Conf object
+  from a ConfigProvider
diff --git a/.chloggen/servicesettings-confmap.yaml b/.chloggen/servicesettings-confmap.yaml
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..cd0d95fdd69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.chloggen/servicesettings-confmap.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# One of 'breaking', 'deprecation', 'new_component', 'enhancement', 'bug_fix'
+change_type: enhancement
+
+# The name of the component, or a single word describing the area of concern, (e.g. otlpreceiver)
+component: service
+
+# A brief description of the change.  Surround your text with quotes ("") if it needs to start with a backtick (`).
+note: Add `CollectorConf` field to `service.Settings`
+
+# One or more tracking issues or pull requests related to the change
+issues: [6596]
+
+# (Optional) One or more lines of additional information to render under the primary note.
+# These lines will be padded with 2 spaces and then inserted directly into the document.
+# Use pipe (|) for multiline entries.
+subtext: |
+  This field is intended to be used by the Collector to pass its effective configuration to the service.
diff --git a/extension/extension.go b/extension/extension.go
index 3f3b087cc78..6b8df571b81 100644
--- a/extension/extension.go
+++ b/extension/extension.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/confmap"
 )
 
 // Extension is the interface for objects hosted by the OpenTelemetry Collector that
@@ -32,6 +33,13 @@ type PipelineWatcher interface {
 	NotReady() error
 }
 
+// ConfigWatcher is an interface that should be implemented by an extension that
+// wishes to be notified of the Collector's effective configuration.
+type ConfigWatcher interface {
+	// NotifyConfig notifies the extension of the Collector's current effective configuration.
+	NotifyConfig(ctx context.Context, conf *confmap.Conf) error
+}
+
 // CreateSettings is passed to Factory.Create(...) function.
 type CreateSettings struct {
 	// ID returns the ID of the component that will be created.
diff --git a/otelcol/collector.go b/otelcol/collector.go
index 788c022e9f2..557ff6f18aa 100644
--- a/otelcol/collector.go
+++ b/otelcol/collector.go
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/confmap"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/connector"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/exporter"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/extension"
@@ -143,6 +144,17 @@ func (col *Collector) Shutdown() {
 func (col *Collector) setupConfigurationComponents(ctx context.Context) error {
 	col.setCollectorState(StateStarting)
 
+	var conf *confmap.Conf
+
+	if cp, ok := col.set.ConfigProvider.(ConfmapProvider); ok {
+		var err error
+		conf, err = cp.GetConfmap(ctx)
+
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to resolve config: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
 	cfg, err := col.set.ConfigProvider.Get(ctx, col.set.Factories)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get config: %w", err)
@@ -154,6 +166,7 @@ func (col *Collector) setupConfigurationComponents(ctx context.Context) error {
 
 	col.service, err = service.New(ctx, service.Settings{
 		BuildInfo:         col.set.BuildInfo,
+		CollectorConf:     conf,
 		Receivers:         receiver.NewBuilder(cfg.Receivers, col.set.Factories.Receivers),
 		Processors:        processor.NewBuilder(cfg.Processors, col.set.Factories.Processors),
 		Exporters:         exporter.NewBuilder(cfg.Exporters, col.set.Factories.Exporters),
@@ -174,6 +187,7 @@ func (col *Collector) setupConfigurationComponents(ctx context.Context) error {
 		return multierr.Combine(err, col.service.Shutdown(ctx))
 	}
 	col.setCollectorState(StateRunning)
+
 	return nil
 }
 
diff --git a/otelcol/collector_test.go b/otelcol/collector_test.go
index e9ba23719cc..1a0ad8d0607 100644
--- a/otelcol/collector_test.go
+++ b/otelcol/collector_test.go
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/confmap"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/confmap/converter/expandconverter"
 )
 
 func TestStateString(t *testing.T) {
@@ -369,6 +371,31 @@ func TestCollectorDryRun(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Error(t, col.DryRun(context.Background()))
 }
 
+func TestPassConfmapToServiceFailure(t *testing.T) {
+	factories, err := nopFactories()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cfgProvider, err := NewConfigProvider(ConfigProviderSettings{
+		ResolverSettings: confmap.ResolverSettings{
+			URIs:       []string{filepath.Join("testdata", "otelcol-invalid.yaml")},
+			Providers:  makeMapProvidersMap(newFailureProvider()),
+			Converters: []confmap.Converter{expandconverter.New()},
+		},
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	set := CollectorSettings{
+		BuildInfo:      component.NewDefaultBuildInfo(),
+		Factories:      factories,
+		ConfigProvider: cfgProvider,
+	}
+	col, err := NewCollector(set)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	err = col.Run(context.Background())
+	require.Error(t, err)
+}
+
 func startCollector(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, col *Collector) *sync.WaitGroup {
 	wg := &sync.WaitGroup{}
 	wg.Add(1)
@@ -378,3 +405,21 @@ func startCollector(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, col *Collector) *sync.Wai
 	}()
 	return wg
 }
+
+type failureProvider struct{}
+
+func newFailureProvider() confmap.Provider {
+	return &failureProvider{}
+}
+
+func (fmp *failureProvider) Retrieve(_ context.Context, _ string, _ confmap.WatcherFunc) (*confmap.Retrieved, error) {
+	return nil, errors.New("a failure occurred during configuration retrieval")
+}
+
+func (*failureProvider) Scheme() string {
+	return "file"
+}
+
+func (*failureProvider) Shutdown(context.Context) error {
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/otelcol/configprovider.go b/otelcol/configprovider.go
index b50b47efe4f..c266c9a47df 100644
--- a/otelcol/configprovider.go
+++ b/otelcol/configprovider.go
@@ -50,10 +50,26 @@ type ConfigProvider interface {
 	Shutdown(ctx context.Context) error
 }
 
+// ConfmapProvider is an optional interface to be implemented by ConfigProviders
+// to provide confmap.Conf objects representing a marshaled version of the
+// Collector's configuration.
+//
+// The purpose of this interface is that otelcol.ConfigProvider structs do not
+// necessarily need to use confmap.Conf as their underlying config structure.
+type ConfmapProvider interface {
+	// GetConfmap resolves the Collector's configuration and provides it as a confmap.Conf object.
+	//
+	// Should never be called concurrently with itself or any ConfigProvider method.
+	GetConfmap(ctx context.Context) (*confmap.Conf, error)
+}
+
 type configProvider struct {
 	mapResolver *confmap.Resolver
 }
 
+var _ ConfigProvider = &configProvider{}
+var _ ConfmapProvider = &configProvider{}
+
 // ConfigProviderSettings are the settings to configure the behavior of the ConfigProvider.
 type ConfigProviderSettings struct {
 	// ResolverSettings are the settings to configure the behavior of the confmap.Resolver.
@@ -106,6 +122,15 @@ func (cm *configProvider) Shutdown(ctx context.Context) error {
 	return cm.mapResolver.Shutdown(ctx)
 }
 
+func (cm *configProvider) GetConfmap(ctx context.Context) (*confmap.Conf, error) {
+	conf, err := cm.mapResolver.Resolve(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot resolve the configuration: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return conf, nil
+}
+
 func newDefaultConfigProviderSettings(uris []string) ConfigProviderSettings {
 	return ConfigProviderSettings{
 		ResolverSettings: confmap.ResolverSettings{
diff --git a/otelcol/configprovider_test.go b/otelcol/configprovider_test.go
index 5f0a97ea41f..a1c5be3eb49 100644
--- a/otelcol/configprovider_test.go
+++ b/otelcol/configprovider_test.go
@@ -11,69 +11,36 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-	"go.uber.org/zap/zapcore"
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/configtelemetry"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/confmap"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/confmap/provider/fileprovider"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/confmap/provider/yamlprovider"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/connector/connectortest"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/exporter/exportertest"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/extension/extensiontest"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/processor/processortest"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/receiver/receivertest"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/service"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/service/pipelines"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/service/telemetry"
 )
 
-var configNop = &Config{
-	Receivers:  map[component.ID]component.Config{component.NewID("nop"): receivertest.NewNopFactory().CreateDefaultConfig()},
-	Processors: map[component.ID]component.Config{component.NewID("nop"): processortest.NewNopFactory().CreateDefaultConfig()},
-	Exporters:  map[component.ID]component.Config{component.NewID("nop"): exportertest.NewNopFactory().CreateDefaultConfig()},
-	Connectors: map[component.ID]component.Config{component.NewIDWithName("nop", "con"): connectortest.NewNopFactory().CreateDefaultConfig()},
-	Extensions: map[component.ID]component.Config{component.NewID("nop"): extensiontest.NewNopFactory().CreateDefaultConfig()},
-	Service: service.Config{
-		Extensions: []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-		Pipelines: pipelines.Config{
-			component.NewID("traces"): {
-				Receivers:  []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-				Processors: []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-				Exporters:  []component.ID{component.NewID("nop"), component.NewIDWithName("nop", "con")},
-			},
-			component.NewID("metrics"): {
-				Receivers:  []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-				Processors: []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-				Exporters:  []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-			},
-			component.NewID("logs"): {
-				Receivers:  []component.ID{component.NewID("nop"), component.NewIDWithName("nop", "con")},
-				Processors: []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-				Exporters:  []component.ID{component.NewID("nop")},
-			},
-		},
-		Telemetry: telemetry.Config{
-			Logs: telemetry.LogsConfig{
-				Level:       zapcore.InfoLevel,
-				Development: false,
-				Encoding:    "console",
-				Sampling: &telemetry.LogsSamplingConfig{
-					Initial:    100,
-					Thereafter: 100,
-				},
-				OutputPaths:       []string{"stderr"},
-				ErrorOutputPaths:  []string{"stderr"},
-				DisableCaller:     false,
-				DisableStacktrace: false,
-				InitialFields:     map[string]any(nil),
-			},
-			Metrics: telemetry.MetricsConfig{
-				Level:   configtelemetry.LevelBasic,
-				Address: "localhost:8888",
-			},
-		},
-	},
+func newConfig(yamlBytes []byte, factories Factories) (*Config, error) {
+	var stringMap = map[string]interface{}{}
+	err := yaml.Unmarshal(yamlBytes, stringMap)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	conf := confmap.NewFromStringMap(stringMap)
+
+	cfg, err := unmarshal(conf, factories)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &Config{
+		Receivers:  cfg.Receivers.Configs(),
+		Processors: cfg.Processors.Configs(),
+		Exporters:  cfg.Exporters.Configs(),
+		Connectors: cfg.Connectors.Configs(),
+		Extensions: cfg.Extensions.Configs(),
+		Service:    cfg.Service,
+	}, nil
 }
 
 func TestConfigProviderYaml(t *testing.T) {
@@ -97,6 +64,10 @@ func TestConfigProviderYaml(t *testing.T) {
 
 	cfg, err := cp.Get(context.Background(), factories)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	configNop, err := newConfig(yamlBytes, factories)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
 	assert.EqualValues(t, configNop, cfg)
 }
 
@@ -118,5 +89,41 @@ func TestConfigProviderFile(t *testing.T) {
 
 	cfg, err := cp.Get(context.Background(), factories)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	yamlBytes, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join("testdata", "otelcol-nop.yaml"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	configNop, err := newConfig(yamlBytes, factories)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
 	assert.EqualValues(t, configNop, cfg)
 }
+
+func TestGetConfmap(t *testing.T) {
+	uriLocation := "file:" + filepath.Join("testdata", "otelcol-nop.yaml")
+	provider := fileprovider.New()
+	set := ConfigProviderSettings{
+		ResolverSettings: confmap.ResolverSettings{
+			URIs:      []string{uriLocation},
+			Providers: map[string]confmap.Provider{provider.Scheme(): provider},
+		},
+	}
+
+	configBytes, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join("testdata", "otelcol-nop.yaml"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	yamlMap := map[string]any{}
+	err = yaml.Unmarshal(configBytes, yamlMap)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cp, err := NewConfigProvider(set)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cmp, ok := cp.(ConfmapProvider)
+	require.True(t, ok)
+
+	cmap, err := cmp.GetConfmap(context.Background())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.EqualValues(t, yamlMap, cmap.ToStringMap())
+}
diff --git a/service/extensions/extensions.go b/service/extensions/extensions.go
index 76d71fb7aa7..5ff92cd5852 100644
--- a/service/extensions/extensions.go
+++ b/service/extensions/extensions.go
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"go.uber.org/multierr"
 
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/confmap"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/extension"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/service/internal/components"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/service/internal/zpages"
@@ -72,6 +73,17 @@ func (bes *Extensions) NotifyPipelineNotReady() error {
 	return errs
 }
 
+func (bes *Extensions) NotifyConfig(ctx context.Context, conf *confmap.Conf) error {
+	var errs error
+	for _, ext := range bes.extMap {
+		if cw, ok := ext.(extension.ConfigWatcher); ok {
+			clonedConf := confmap.NewFromStringMap(conf.ToStringMap())
+			errs = multierr.Append(errs, cw.NotifyConfig(ctx, clonedConf))
+		}
+	}
+	return errs
+}
+
 func (bes *Extensions) GetExtensions() map[component.ID]component.Component {
 	result := make(map[component.ID]component.Component, len(bes.extMap))
 	for extID, v := range bes.extMap {
diff --git a/service/extensions/extensions_test.go b/service/extensions/extensions_test.go
index ee44401be36..d244fe0e8dd 100644
--- a/service/extensions/extensions_test.go
+++ b/service/extensions/extensions_test.go
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component/componenttest"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/confmap"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/extension"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/extension/extensiontest"
 )
@@ -91,6 +92,132 @@ func TestBuildExtensions(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestNotifyConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	notificationError := errors.New("Error processing config")
+	nopExtensionFactory := extensiontest.NewNopFactory()
+	nopExtensionConfig := nopExtensionFactory.CreateDefaultConfig()
+	n1ExtensionFactory := newConfigWatcherExtensionFactory("notifiable1", func() error { return nil })
+	n1ExtensionConfig := n1ExtensionFactory.CreateDefaultConfig()
+	n2ExtensionFactory := newConfigWatcherExtensionFactory("notifiable2", func() error { return nil })
+	n2ExtensionConfig := n1ExtensionFactory.CreateDefaultConfig()
+	nErrExtensionFactory := newConfigWatcherExtensionFactory("notifiableErr", func() error { return notificationError })
+	nErrExtensionConfig := nErrExtensionFactory.CreateDefaultConfig()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name              string
+		factories         map[component.Type]extension.Factory
+		extensionsConfigs map[component.ID]component.Config
+		serviceExtensions []component.ID
+		wantErrMsg        string
+		want              error
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "No notifiable extensions",
+			factories: map[component.Type]extension.Factory{
+				"nop": nopExtensionFactory,
+			},
+			extensionsConfigs: map[component.ID]component.Config{
+				component.NewID("nop"): nopExtensionConfig,
+			},
+			serviceExtensions: []component.ID{
+				component.NewID("nop"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "One notifiable extension",
+			factories: map[component.Type]extension.Factory{
+				"notifiable1": n1ExtensionFactory,
+			},
+			extensionsConfigs: map[component.ID]component.Config{
+				component.NewID("notifiable1"): n1ExtensionConfig,
+			},
+			serviceExtensions: []component.ID{
+				component.NewID("notifiable1"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Multiple notifiable extensions",
+			factories: map[component.Type]extension.Factory{
+				"notifiable1": n1ExtensionFactory,
+				"notifiable2": n2ExtensionFactory,
+			},
+			extensionsConfigs: map[component.ID]component.Config{
+				component.NewID("notifiable1"): n1ExtensionConfig,
+				component.NewID("notifiable2"): n2ExtensionConfig,
+			},
+			serviceExtensions: []component.ID{
+				component.NewID("notifiable1"),
+				component.NewID("notifiable2"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Errors in extension notification",
+			factories: map[component.Type]extension.Factory{
+				"notifiableErr": nErrExtensionFactory,
+			},
+			extensionsConfigs: map[component.ID]component.Config{
+				component.NewID("notifiableErr"): nErrExtensionConfig,
+			},
+			serviceExtensions: []component.ID{
+				component.NewID("notifiableErr"),
+			},
+			want: notificationError,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			extensions, err := New(context.Background(), Settings{
+				Telemetry: componenttest.NewNopTelemetrySettings(),
+				BuildInfo: component.NewDefaultBuildInfo(),
+				Configs:   tt.extensionsConfigs,
+				Factories: tt.factories,
+			}, tt.serviceExtensions)
+			assert.NoError(t, err)
+			errs := extensions.NotifyConfig(context.Background(), confmap.NewFromStringMap(map[string]interface{}{}))
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, errs)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+type configWatcherExtension struct {
+	fn func() error
+}
+
+func (comp *configWatcherExtension) Start(_ context.Context, _ component.Host) error {
+	return comp.fn()
+}
+
+func (comp *configWatcherExtension) Shutdown(_ context.Context) error {
+	return comp.fn()
+}
+
+func (comp *configWatcherExtension) NotifyConfig(_ context.Context, _ *confmap.Conf) error {
+	return comp.fn()
+}
+
+func newConfigWatcherExtension(fn func() error) *configWatcherExtension {
+	comp := &configWatcherExtension{
+		fn: fn,
+	}
+
+	return comp
+
+}
+
+func newConfigWatcherExtensionFactory(name component.Type, fn func() error) extension.Factory {
+	return extension.NewFactory(
+		name,
+		func() component.Config {
+			return &struct{}{}
+		},
+		func(ctx context.Context, set extension.CreateSettings, extension component.Config) (extension.Extension, error) {
+			return newConfigWatcherExtension(fn), nil
+		},
+		component.StabilityLevelDevelopment,
+	)
+}
+
 func newBadExtensionFactory() extension.Factory {
 	return extension.NewFactory(
 		"bf",
diff --git a/service/service.go b/service/service.go
index 0235f547c40..26098fdebc3 100644
--- a/service/service.go
+++ b/service/service.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/configtelemetry"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/confmap"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/connector"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/exporter"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/extension"
@@ -36,6 +37,9 @@ type Settings struct {
 	// BuildInfo provides collector start information.
 	BuildInfo component.BuildInfo
 
+	// CollectorConf contains the Collector's current configuration
+	CollectorConf *confmap.Conf
+
 	// Receivers builder for receivers.
 	Receivers *receiver.Builder
 
@@ -68,6 +72,7 @@ type Service struct {
 	telemetrySettings    component.TelemetrySettings
 	host                 *serviceHost
 	telemetryInitializer *telemetryInitializer
+	collectorConf        *confmap.Conf
 }
 
 func New(ctx context.Context, set Settings, cfg Config) (*Service, error) {
@@ -89,6 +94,7 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, set Settings, cfg Config) (*Service, error) {
 			asyncErrorChannel: set.AsyncErrorChannel,
 		},
 		telemetryInitializer: newColTelemetry(useOtel, disableHighCard, extendedConfig),
+		collectorConf:        set.CollectorConf,
 	}
 	var err error
 	srv.telemetry, err = telemetry.New(ctx, telemetry.Settings{ZapOptions: set.LoggingOptions}, cfg.Telemetry)
@@ -137,6 +143,12 @@ func (srv *Service) Start(ctx context.Context) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to start extensions: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	if srv.collectorConf != nil {
+		if err := srv.host.serviceExtensions.NotifyConfig(ctx, srv.collectorConf); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
 	if err := srv.host.pipelines.StartAll(ctx, srv.host); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("cannot start pipelines: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/service/service_test.go b/service/service_test.go
index 84b07f1b50c..555a0d5a863 100644
--- a/service/service_test.go
+++ b/service/service_test.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ package service
 import (
 	"bufio"
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/confignet"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/configtelemetry"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/confmap"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/connector/connectortest"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/exporter/exportertest"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/extension"
@@ -356,6 +358,51 @@ func TestServiceTelemetryRestart(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, srvTwo.Shutdown(context.Background()))
 }
 
+func TestExtensionNotificationFailure(t *testing.T) {
+	set := newNopSettings()
+	cfg := newNopConfig()
+
+	var extName component.Type = "configWatcher"
+	configWatcherExtensionFactory := newConfigWatcherExtensionFactory(extName)
+	set.Extensions = extension.NewBuilder(
+		map[component.ID]component.Config{component.NewID(extName): configWatcherExtensionFactory.CreateDefaultConfig()},
+		map[component.Type]extension.Factory{extName: configWatcherExtensionFactory})
+	cfg.Extensions = []component.ID{component.NewID(extName)}
+
+	// Create a service
+	srv, err := New(context.Background(), set, cfg)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Start the service
+	require.Error(t, srv.Start(context.Background()))
+
+	// Shut down the service
+	require.NoError(t, srv.Shutdown(context.Background()))
+}
+
+func TestNilCollectorEffectiveConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	set := newNopSettings()
+	set.CollectorConf = nil
+	cfg := newNopConfig()
+
+	var extName component.Type = "configWatcher"
+	configWatcherExtensionFactory := newConfigWatcherExtensionFactory(extName)
+	set.Extensions = extension.NewBuilder(
+		map[component.ID]component.Config{component.NewID(extName): configWatcherExtensionFactory.CreateDefaultConfig()},
+		map[component.Type]extension.Factory{extName: configWatcherExtensionFactory})
+	cfg.Extensions = []component.ID{component.NewID(extName)}
+
+	// Create a service
+	srv, err := New(context.Background(), set, cfg)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Start the service
+	require.NoError(t, srv.Start(context.Background()))
+
+	// Shut down the service
+	require.NoError(t, srv.Shutdown(context.Background()))
+}
+
 func assertResourceLabels(t *testing.T, res pcommon.Resource, expectedLabels map[string]labelValue) {
 	for key, labelValue := range expectedLabels {
 		lookupKey, ok := prometheusToOtelConv[key]
@@ -446,12 +493,13 @@ func assertZPages(t *testing.T, zpagesAddr string) {
 
 func newNopSettings() Settings {
 	return Settings{
-		BuildInfo:  component.NewDefaultBuildInfo(),
-		Receivers:  receivertest.NewNopBuilder(),
-		Processors: processortest.NewNopBuilder(),
-		Exporters:  exportertest.NewNopBuilder(),
-		Connectors: connectortest.NewNopBuilder(),
-		Extensions: extensiontest.NewNopBuilder(),
+		BuildInfo:     component.NewDefaultBuildInfo(),
+		CollectorConf: confmap.New(),
+		Receivers:     receivertest.NewNopBuilder(),
+		Processors:    processortest.NewNopBuilder(),
+		Exporters:     exportertest.NewNopBuilder(),
+		Connectors:    connectortest.NewNopBuilder(),
+		Extensions:    extensiontest.NewNopBuilder(),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -501,3 +549,30 @@ func newNopConfigPipelineConfigs(pipelineCfgs pipelines.Config) Config {
 		},
 	}
 }
+
+type configWatcherExtension struct{}
+
+func (comp *configWatcherExtension) Start(_ context.Context, _ component.Host) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (comp *configWatcherExtension) Shutdown(_ context.Context) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (comp *configWatcherExtension) NotifyConfig(_ context.Context, _ *confmap.Conf) error {
+	return errors.New("Failed to resolve config")
+}
+
+func newConfigWatcherExtensionFactory(name component.Type) extension.Factory {
+	return extension.NewFactory(
+		name,
+		func() component.Config {
+			return &struct{}{}
+		},
+		func(ctx context.Context, set extension.CreateSettings, extension component.Config) (extension.Extension, error) {
+			return &configWatcherExtension{}, nil
+		},
+		component.StabilityLevelDevelopment,
+	)
+}