[xla:cpu] Optimize ThunkExecutor::Execute part #2

Use std::aligned_storage_t trick to avoid default-initializing Node struct on a hot path.

name                                     old cpu/op   new cpu/op   delta
BM_SelectAndScatterF32/128/process_time   791µs ± 4%   720µs ± 2%  -8.93%
BM_SelectAndScatterF32/256/process_time  3.20ms ± 4%  2.96ms ± 2%  -7.46%
BM_SelectAndScatterF32/512/process_time  13.7ms ± 5%  12.8ms ± 2%  -6.80%

name                                     old time/op          new time/op          delta
BM_SelectAndScatterF32/128/process_time   790µs ± 5%           719µs ± 1%   -9.00%
BM_SelectAndScatterF32/256/process_time  3.20ms ± 3%          2.96ms ± 1%   -7.58%
BM_SelectAndScatterF32/512/process_time  13.2ms ± 4%          12.3ms ± 1%   -6.82%

PiperOrigin-RevId: 657741110

.bazelrc

@@ -351,6 +351,13 @@ build:windows --features=archive_param_file
 build:windows --copt=/d2ReducedOptimizeHugeFunctions
 build:windows --host_copt=/d2ReducedOptimizeHugeFunctions
 
+# Before VS 2017 15.8, the member "type" would non-conformingly have an
+# alignment of only alignof(max_align_t). VS 2017 15.8 was fixed to handle this
+# correctly, but the fix inherently changes layout and breaks binary
+# compatibility (*only* for uses of aligned_storage with extended alignments).
+build:windows --copt=-D_ENABLE_EXTENDED_ALIGNED_STORAGE
+build:windows --host_copt=-D_ENABLE_EXTENDED_ALIGNED_STORAGE
+
 # Enable the runfiles symlink tree on Windows. This makes it possible to build
 # the pip package on Windows without an intermediate data-file archive, as the
 # build_pip_package script in its current form (as of Aug 2023) uses the

third_party/tsl/.bazelrc

@@ -351,6 +351,13 @@ build:windows --features=archive_param_file
 build:windows --copt=/d2ReducedOptimizeHugeFunctions
 build:windows --host_copt=/d2ReducedOptimizeHugeFunctions
 
+# Before VS 2017 15.8, the member "type" would non-conformingly have an
+# alignment of only alignof(max_align_t). VS 2017 15.8 was fixed to handle this
+# correctly, but the fix inherently changes layout and breaks binary
+# compatibility (*only* for uses of aligned_storage with extended alignments).
+build:windows --copt=-D_ENABLE_EXTENDED_ALIGNED_STORAGE
+build:windows --host_copt=-D_ENABLE_EXTENDED_ALIGNED_STORAGE
+
 # Enable the runfiles symlink tree on Windows. This makes it possible to build
 # the pip package on Windows without an intermediate data-file archive, as the
 # build_pip_package script in its current form (as of Aug 2023) uses the

xla/service/cpu/runtime/thunk_executor.cc

@@ -122,6 +122,9 @@ absl::StatusOr<ThunkExecutor> ThunkExecutor::Create(
   return ThunkExecutor(std::move(thunk_sequence), std::move(defs), options);
 }
 
+ThunkExecutor::ExecuteState::Node::Node(const NodeDef& node_def)
+    : counter(node_def.in_edges.size()), out_edges(&node_def.out_edges) {}
+
 ThunkExecutor::ExecuteState::ExecuteState(ThunkExecutor* executor,
                                           Thunk::TaskRunner* runner)
     : executor(executor),
@@ -133,11 +136,9 @@ ThunkExecutor::ExecuteState::ExecuteState(ThunkExecutor* executor,
   DCHECK(runner == nullptr || static_cast<bool>(*runner))
       << "`runner` must be nullptr or a valid TaskRunner";
 
-  Node* node = nodes.data();
+  NodeStorage* node = nodes.data();
   for (const NodeDef& node_def : executor->nodes_defs()) {
-    node->counter.store(node_def.in_edges.size(), std::memory_order_release);
-    node->out_edges = &node_def.out_edges;
-    ++node;
+    new (node++) Node(node_def);
   }
 }
 
@@ -271,7 +272,7 @@ void ThunkExecutor::Execute(ExecuteState* state,
 
   for (int64_t i = 0; i < ready_queue.size(); ++i) {
     NodeId id = ready_queue[i];
-    ExecuteState::Node& node = state->nodes[id];
+    ExecuteState::Node& node = state->node(id);
 
     int64_t cnt = node.counter.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
     DCHECK_EQ(cnt, 0) << "Node counter must be 0";  // Crash Ok
@@ -375,7 +376,7 @@ void ThunkExecutor::ProcessOutEdges(
 
   // Append ready nodes to the back of the ready queue.
   for (NodeId out_edge : *node.out_edges) {
-    ExecuteState::Node& out_node = state->nodes[out_edge];
+    ExecuteState::Node& out_node = state->node(out_edge);
 
     int64_t cnt = out_node.counter.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_release);
     DCHECK_GE(cnt, 1) << "Node counter can't drop below 0";

xla/service/cpu/runtime/thunk_executor.h

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 #include <limits>
 #include <new>
 #include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "absl/base/thread_annotations.h"
@@ -113,16 +114,27 @@ class ThunkExecutor {
     // At run time NodeDef instantiated as a Node with an atomic counter that
     // drops to zero when all `in_edges` are ready.
     struct Node {
+      explicit Node(const NodeDef& node_def);
+
       alignas(kAtomicAlignment) std::atomic<int64_t> counter;
       const std::vector<NodeId>* out_edges;
     };
 
+    static_assert(std::is_trivially_destructible_v<Node>,
+                  "Node must be trivially destructible");
+
+    // We use indirection via NodeStorage to be able to allocate uninitialized
+    // memory and do not pay the cost of default initializing all nodes.
+    using NodeStorage = std::aligned_storage_t<sizeof(Node), alignof(Node)>;
+
     ExecuteState(ThunkExecutor* executor, Thunk::TaskRunner* runner);
 
+    Node& node(NodeId id) { return *reinterpret_cast<Node*>(&nodes[id]); }
+
     ThunkExecutor* executor;
     Thunk::TaskRunner* runner;
 
-    absl::FixedArray<Node> nodes;
+    absl::FixedArray<NodeStorage> nodes;
     tsl::AsyncValueRef<ExecuteEvent> execute_event;
 
     // Once the number of pending sink nodes drops to zero, the execution is