diff --git a/legacy-sdk/cli/package.json b/legacy-sdk/cli/package.json
index f706521af..eb8ba045c 100644
--- a/legacy-sdk/cli/package.json
+++ b/legacy-sdk/cli/package.json
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
     "bs58": "^6.0.0",
     "decimal.js": "^10.4.3",
     "js-convert-case": "^4.2.0",
+    "p-queue": "^8.0.0",
     "prompts": "^2.4.2"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
diff --git a/legacy-sdk/cli/src/commands/batch_update_protocol_fee_rate.ts b/legacy-sdk/cli/src/commands/batch_update_protocol_fee_rate.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2c2528cc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/legacy-sdk/cli/src/commands/batch_update_protocol_fee_rate.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,390 @@
+import { PublicKey, VersionedTransaction } from "@solana/web3.js";
+import { WhirlpoolIx, getAllWhirlpoolAccountsForConfig, WhirlpoolData } from "@orca-so/whirlpools-sdk";
+import { ctx } from "../utils/provider";
+import { promptConfirm, promptText } from "../utils/prompt";
+import { ComputeBudgetProgram, LAMPORTS_PER_SOL } from "@solana/web3.js";
+import {
+  DecimalUtil,
+  TransactionBuilder,
+  estimateComputeBudgetLimit,
+} from "@orca-so/common-sdk";
+import Decimal from "decimal.js";
+import PQueue from "p-queue";
+import base58 from "bs58";
+
+// 20 whirlpools will be updated in a single transaction
+const CHUNK_SIZE = 20;
+
+console.info("batch update protocol fee rate...");
+
+// prompt
+const whirlpoolsConfigStr = await promptText("whirlpoolsConfigPubkey");
+const newProtocolFeeRatePer10000Str = await promptText(
+  "newProtocolFeeRatePer10000",
+);
+const whirlpoolsConfigPubkey = new PublicKey(whirlpoolsConfigStr);
+const newProtocolFeeRate = Number.parseInt(newProtocolFeeRatePer10000Str);
+
+// check fee authority
+const whirlpoolsConfig = await ctx.fetcher.getConfig(whirlpoolsConfigPubkey);
+if (!whirlpoolsConfig) {
+  throw new Error("whirlpools config not found");
+}
+if (!whirlpoolsConfig.feeAuthority.equals(ctx.wallet.publicKey)) {
+  throw new Error(
+    `the current wallet must be the fee authority(${whirlpoolsConfig.feeAuthority.toBase58()})`,
+  );
+}
+
+// find whirlpools
+console.info("searching whirlpools...");
+const whirlpools = await getAllWhirlpoolAccountsForConfig({
+  connection: ctx.connection,
+  programId: ctx.program.programId,
+  configId: new PublicKey(whirlpoolsConfigStr),
+});
+console.info("found whirlpools:", whirlpools.size);
+
+// drop whirlpools if its protocol fee rate is already same to new one
+const targetWhirlpools: { pubkey: PublicKey; data: WhirlpoolData; }[] = [];
+for (const [pubkeyStr, data] of whirlpools) {
+  if (data.protocolFeeRate === newProtocolFeeRate) {
+    continue;
+  }
+  targetWhirlpools.push({ pubkey: new PublicKey(pubkeyStr), data });
+}
+console.info("target whirlpools:", targetWhirlpools.length);
+
+if (targetWhirlpools.length === 0) {
+  console.info("no whirlpools to update");
+  process.exit(0);
+}
+
+// set priority fee for each transaction
+let priorityFeeInLamports = 0;
+while (true) {
+  const priorityFeeInSOL = await promptText("priorityFeeInSOL");
+  priorityFeeInLamports = DecimalUtil.toBN(
+    new Decimal(priorityFeeInSOL),
+    9,
+  ).toNumber();
+  if (priorityFeeInLamports > LAMPORTS_PER_SOL) {
+    console.info("> 1 SOL is obviously too much for priority fee");
+    continue;
+  }
+  if (priorityFeeInLamports > 5_000_000) {
+    console.info(
+      `Is it okay to use ${priorityFeeInLamports / LAMPORTS_PER_SOL} SOL for priority fee ? (if it is OK, enter OK)`,
+    );
+    const ok = await promptConfirm("OK");
+    if (!ok) continue;
+  }
+
+  console.info(
+    "Priority fee:",
+    priorityFeeInLamports / LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
+    "SOL",
+  );
+  break;
+}
+
+// confirm
+console.info(
+  "setting...",
+  "\n\twhirlpoolConfig",
+  whirlpoolsConfigPubkey.toBase58(),
+  "\n\tnewProtocolFeeRate",
+  newProtocolFeeRate,
+  `(${newProtocolFeeRate / 10000 * 100}%)`,
+  "\n\ttargetWhirlpools",
+  targetWhirlpools.length,
+  "\n\tpriorityFeeInSOL(Each transaction)",
+  priorityFeeInLamports / LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
+  "\n\tpriorityFeeInSOL(Total)",
+  priorityFeeInLamports * Math.ceil(targetWhirlpools.length / CHUNK_SIZE) / LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
+);
+const yesno = await promptConfirm("if the above is OK, enter YES");
+if (!yesno) {
+  throw new Error("stopped");
+}
+
+// process transactions in parallel
+const promises: Promise<boolean | void>[] = [];
+const jobQueue = new PQueue({
+  autoStart: true,
+  concurrency: 5,
+});
+
+for (let i = 0; i < targetWhirlpools.length; i += CHUNK_SIZE) {
+  const chunk = targetWhirlpools.slice(i, i + CHUNK_SIZE);
+
+  promises.push(jobQueue.add(async () => {
+    const builder = new TransactionBuilder(ctx.connection, ctx.wallet);
+
+    for (const { pubkey } of chunk) {
+      builder.addInstruction(
+        WhirlpoolIx.setProtocolFeeRateIx(ctx.program, {
+          whirlpool: pubkey,
+          whirlpoolsConfig: whirlpoolsConfigPubkey,
+          feeAuthority: whirlpoolsConfig.feeAuthority,
+          protocolFeeRate: newProtocolFeeRate,
+        }),
+      );
+    }
+
+    console.info(`sending transaction... (range: ${i} ~ ${i + CHUNK_SIZE})`);
+    return await sendTransaction(builder, priorityFeeInLamports);
+  }));
+}
+
+const result = await Promise.all(promises);
+
+const successCount = result.filter((v) => v).length;
+console.info(`success: ${successCount}/${result.length}`);
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// cloned from utils/transaction_sender.ts
+// - remove console.info output
+// - pass priorityFeeInLamports as an argument
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+export async function sendTransaction(
+  builder: TransactionBuilder,
+  priorityFeeInLamports: number,
+): Promise<boolean> {
+  if (priorityFeeInLamports > 0) {
+    const estimatedComputeUnits = await estimateComputeBudgetLimit(
+      builder.connection,
+      [builder.compressIx(true)],
+      undefined,
+      builder.wallet.publicKey,
+      0.1, // + 10%
+    );
+  
+    const setComputeUnitPriceIx = ComputeBudgetProgram.setComputeUnitPrice({
+      microLamports: Math.floor(
+        (priorityFeeInLamports * 1_000_000) / estimatedComputeUnits,
+      ),
+    });
+    const setComputeUnitLimitIx = ComputeBudgetProgram.setComputeUnitLimit({
+      units: estimatedComputeUnits,
+    });
+
+    builder.prependInstruction({
+      instructions: [setComputeUnitLimitIx, setComputeUnitPriceIx],
+      cleanupInstructions: [],
+      signers: [],
+    });
+  }
+
+  const result = await send(builder);
+  return result.landed && result.success;
+}
+
+async function send(
+  builder: TransactionBuilder,
+): Promise<{ landed: boolean; success: boolean }> {
+  const connection = builder.connection;
+  const wallet = builder.wallet;
+
+  // manual build
+  const built = await builder.build({ maxSupportedTransactionVersion: 0 });
+
+  const blockhash = await connection.getLatestBlockhashAndContext("confirmed");
+  const blockHeight = await connection.getBlockHeight({
+    commitment: "confirmed",
+    minContextSlot: await blockhash.context.slot,
+  });
+
+  // why 151: https://solana.com/docs/core/transactions/confirmation#how-does-transaction-expiration-work
+  const transactionTTL = blockHeight + 151;
+
+  const notSigned = built.transaction as VersionedTransaction;
+  notSigned.message.recentBlockhash = blockhash.value.blockhash;
+
+  if (built.signers.length > 0) notSigned.sign(built.signers);
+  const signed = await wallet.signTransaction(notSigned);
+  const signature = base58.encode(signed.signatures[0]);
+
+  // manual send and confirm
+  const waitToConfirm = () =>
+    new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 5000));
+  const waitToRetry = () => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 3000));
+
+  const numTry = 100; // break by expiration
+  let landed = false;
+  let success = false;
+  for (let i = 0; i < numTry; i++) {
+    // check transaction TTL
+    const blockHeight = await connection.getBlockHeight("confirmed");
+    if (blockHeight > transactionTTL) {
+      // check signature status (to avoid false negative)
+      const sigStatus = await connection.getSignatureStatus(signature);
+      if (sigStatus.value?.confirmationStatus === "confirmed") {
+        success = sigStatus.value.err === null;
+        landed = true;
+        break;
+      }
+
+      break;
+    }
+
+    // send without retry on RPC server
+    await connection.sendRawTransaction(signed.serialize(), {
+      skipPreflight: true,
+      maxRetries: 0,
+    });
+
+    await waitToConfirm();
+
+    // check signature status
+    const sigStatus = await connection.getSignatureStatus(signature);
+    if (sigStatus.value?.confirmationStatus === "confirmed") {
+      success = sigStatus.value.err === null;
+      landed = true;
+      break;
+    }
+
+    await waitToRetry();
+  }
+
+  return { landed, success };
+}
+
+/*
+
+SAMPLE EXECUTION LOG
+
+$ yarn start batchUpdateProtocolFeeRate
+connection endpoint <RPC>
+wallet 3otH3AHWqkqgSVfKFkrxyDqd2vK6LcaqigHrFEmWcGuo
+batch update protocol fee rate...
+✔ whirlpoolsConfigPubkey … FcrweFY1G9HJAHG5inkGB6pKg1HZ6x9UC2WioAfWrGkR
+✔ newProtocolFeeRatePer10000 … 300
+searching whirlpools...
+found whirlpools: 1983
+target whirlpools: 1983
+✔ priorityFeeInSOL … 0.00001
+Priority fee: 0.00001 SOL
+setting... 
+        whirlpoolConfig FcrweFY1G9HJAHG5inkGB6pKg1HZ6x9UC2WioAfWrGkR 
+        newProtocolFeeRate 300 (3%) 
+        targetWhirlpools 1983 
+        priorityFeeInSOL(Each transaction) 0.00001 
+        priorityFeeInSOL(Total) 0.001
+✔ if the above is OK, enter YES › Yes
+sending transaction... (range: 0 ~ 20)
+sending transaction... (range: 20 ~ 40)
+sending transaction... (range: 40 ~ 60)
+sending transaction... (range: 60 ~ 80)
+sending transaction... (range: 80 ~ 100)
+sending transaction... (range: 100 ~ 120)
+sending transaction... (range: 120 ~ 140)
+sending transaction... (range: 140 ~ 160)
+sending transaction... (range: 160 ~ 180)
+sending transaction... (range: 180 ~ 200)
+sending transaction... (range: 200 ~ 220)
+sending transaction... (range: 220 ~ 240)
+sending transaction... (range: 240 ~ 260)
+sending transaction... (range: 260 ~ 280)
+sending transaction... (range: 280 ~ 300)
+sending transaction... (range: 300 ~ 320)
+sending transaction... (range: 320 ~ 340)
+sending transaction... (range: 340 ~ 360)
+sending transaction... (range: 360 ~ 380)
+sending transaction... (range: 380 ~ 400)
+sending transaction... (range: 400 ~ 420)
+sending transaction... (range: 420 ~ 440)
+sending transaction... (range: 440 ~ 460)
+sending transaction... (range: 460 ~ 480)
+sending transaction... (range: 480 ~ 500)
+sending transaction... (range: 500 ~ 520)
+sending transaction... (range: 520 ~ 540)
+sending transaction... (range: 540 ~ 560)
+sending transaction... (range: 560 ~ 580)
+sending transaction... (range: 580 ~ 600)
+sending transaction... (range: 600 ~ 620)
+sending transaction... (range: 620 ~ 640)
+sending transaction... (range: 640 ~ 660)
+sending transaction... (range: 660 ~ 680)
+sending transaction... (range: 680 ~ 700)
+sending transaction... (range: 700 ~ 720)
+sending transaction... (range: 720 ~ 740)
+sending transaction... (range: 740 ~ 760)
+sending transaction... (range: 760 ~ 780)
+sending transaction... (range: 780 ~ 800)
+sending transaction... (range: 800 ~ 820)
+sending transaction... (range: 820 ~ 840)
+sending transaction... (range: 840 ~ 860)
+sending transaction... (range: 860 ~ 880)
+sending transaction... (range: 880 ~ 900)
+sending transaction... (range: 900 ~ 920)
+sending transaction... (range: 920 ~ 940)
+sending transaction... (range: 940 ~ 960)
+sending transaction... (range: 960 ~ 980)
+sending transaction... (range: 980 ~ 1000)
+sending transaction... (range: 1000 ~ 1020)
+sending transaction... (range: 1020 ~ 1040)
+sending transaction... (range: 1040 ~ 1060)
+sending transaction... (range: 1060 ~ 1080)
+sending transaction... (range: 1080 ~ 1100)
+sending transaction... (range: 1100 ~ 1120)
+sending transaction... (range: 1120 ~ 1140)
+sending transaction... (range: 1140 ~ 1160)
+sending transaction... (range: 1160 ~ 1180)
+sending transaction... (range: 1180 ~ 1200)
+sending transaction... (range: 1200 ~ 1220)
+sending transaction... (range: 1220 ~ 1240)
+sending transaction... (range: 1240 ~ 1260)
+sending transaction... (range: 1260 ~ 1280)
+sending transaction... (range: 1280 ~ 1300)
+sending transaction... (range: 1300 ~ 1320)
+sending transaction... (range: 1320 ~ 1340)
+sending transaction... (range: 1340 ~ 1360)
+sending transaction... (range: 1360 ~ 1380)
+sending transaction... (range: 1380 ~ 1400)
+sending transaction... (range: 1400 ~ 1420)
+sending transaction... (range: 1420 ~ 1440)
+sending transaction... (range: 1440 ~ 1460)
+sending transaction... (range: 1460 ~ 1480)
+sending transaction... (range: 1480 ~ 1500)
+sending transaction... (range: 1500 ~ 1520)
+sending transaction... (range: 1520 ~ 1540)
+sending transaction... (range: 1540 ~ 1560)
+sending transaction... (range: 1560 ~ 1580)
+sending transaction... (range: 1580 ~ 1600)
+sending transaction... (range: 1600 ~ 1620)
+sending transaction... (range: 1620 ~ 1640)
+sending transaction... (range: 1640 ~ 1660)
+sending transaction... (range: 1660 ~ 1680)
+sending transaction... (range: 1680 ~ 1700)
+sending transaction... (range: 1700 ~ 1720)
+sending transaction... (range: 1720 ~ 1740)
+sending transaction... (range: 1740 ~ 1760)
+sending transaction... (range: 1760 ~ 1780)
+sending transaction... (range: 1780 ~ 1800)
+sending transaction... (range: 1800 ~ 1820)
+sending transaction... (range: 1820 ~ 1840)
+sending transaction... (range: 1840 ~ 1860)
+sending transaction... (range: 1860 ~ 1880)
+sending transaction... (range: 1880 ~ 1900)
+sending transaction... (range: 1900 ~ 1920)
+sending transaction... (range: 1920 ~ 1940)
+sending transaction... (range: 1940 ~ 1960)
+sending transaction... (range: 1960 ~ 1980)
+sending transaction... (range: 1980 ~ 2000)
+success: 100/100
+
+
+$ yarn start batchUpdateProtocolFeeRate
+connection endpoint <RPC>
+wallet 3otH3AHWqkqgSVfKFkrxyDqd2vK6LcaqigHrFEmWcGuo
+batch update protocol fee rate...
+✔ whirlpoolsConfigPubkey … FcrweFY1G9HJAHG5inkGB6pKg1HZ6x9UC2WioAfWrGkR
+✔ newProtocolFeeRatePer10000 … 300
+searching whirlpools...
+found whirlpools: 1983
+target whirlpools: 0
+no whirlpools to update
+
+*/
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/yarn.lock b/yarn.lock
index a0fe8ce34..a48dce575 100644
--- a/yarn.lock
+++ b/yarn.lock
@@ -4313,6 +4313,7 @@ __metadata:
     bs58: "npm:^6.0.0"
     decimal.js: "npm:^10.4.3"
     js-convert-case: "npm:^4.2.0"
+    p-queue: "npm:^8.0.0"
     prompts: "npm:^2.4.2"
     tsx: "npm:^4.19.0"
     typescript: "npm:^5.7.2"
@@ -13713,6 +13714,16 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
+"p-queue@npm:^8.0.0":
+  version: 8.0.1
+  resolution: "p-queue@npm:8.0.1"
+  dependencies:
+    eventemitter3: "npm:^5.0.1"
+    p-timeout: "npm:^6.1.2"
+  checksum: 10c0/fe185bc8bbd32d17a5f6dba090077b1bb326b008b4ec9b0646c57a32a6984035aa8ece909a6d0de7f6c4640296dc288197f430e7394cdc76a26d862339494616
+  languageName: node
+  linkType: hard
+
 "p-retry@npm:^4.5.0":
   version: 4.6.2
   resolution: "p-retry@npm:4.6.2"
@@ -13723,6 +13734,13 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
+"p-timeout@npm:^6.1.2":
+  version: 6.1.3
+  resolution: "p-timeout@npm:6.1.3"
+  checksum: 10c0/6dcd1efc1a18afac08dd4f8e09797bbe635110e597d27026b478f884b867616871499427643a6b2e11f0404b2936d17db69da2b5e58d5fe99e1fac80a53f0250
+  languageName: node
+  linkType: hard
+
 "p-try@npm:^2.0.0":
   version: 2.2.0
   resolution: "p-try@npm:2.2.0"